Pub Date : 2021-02-04DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2021.1897438.1053
O. Ndukwe, I. Uko, S. O. Muojiama, Chinyere Esther Ndukwe, Amanda Uzoma Okoh, P. Baiyeri
Purpose Passion fruit cultivation and utilization is fast emerging in Nigeria. Poultry farms are increasing with the corresponding increase in poultry manure production which is relatively affordable by farmers. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of placement method and time of poultry manure (PM) application on early growth and dry matter partitioning of yellow passion fruit. Method PM placement methods were incorporation, top-dressing, bottom-dressing and split combination of top-and bottom-dressing while time of PM application comprised application at transplanting, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after transplanting (WAT). The experiments were laid out as completely randomized design, replicated five and six times, respectively for PM placement methods and time of PM application. Growth and dry matter yield were determined at two weeks' interval and 20 WAT, respectively. Results Longest vines (78.5 cm) were significantly (P<0.05) produced by plants that were grown in PM incorporated medium. Thickest stems (6.75 mm), highest number of leaves (66.4) and dry matter accumulation were recorded in plants that received PM as top-dressing followed by PM incorporation. Application of PM at transplanting resulted in longest vines (95.8 cm), highest number of leaves (69.5) and dry matter partitioning to leaves, vines and roots. Conclusion PM top placement performed best with respect to early growth parameters and dry matter accumulation followed by PM incorporation, hence PM top placement is recommended for production of vigorous passion fruit vines in container. Poultry manure should be applied at transplanting for vigorous vines and not delayed beyond 4 weeks after transplanting.
目的百香果的种植和利用在尼日利亚迅速兴起。家禽养殖场正在增加，禽粪产量也相应增加，这是农民相对负担得起的。通过两个试验，研究了施用禽粪的方式和时间对黄百香果早期生长和干物质分配的影响。方法采用掺入、追肥、追底和顶底分施组合的方法，施用时间为移栽时、移栽后2周、4周和6周。实验采用完全随机设计，分别重复5次和6次PM放置方法和PM施用时间。生长和干物质产量分别在间隔2周和20wat测定。结果在掺入PM的培养基中，植株的最长藤长达到78.5 cm (P<0.05)。施用PM追肥后再掺入PM的植株茎粗(6.75 mm)最大，叶片数(66.4 mm)最多，干物质积累量最大。移栽时施用PM后，植株的藤长(95.8 cm)、叶数(69.5 cm)最高，干物质向叶、藤和根的分配也最高。结论PM顶置处理在早期生长参数和干物质积累方面表现最佳，建议采用PM顶置处理在容器内生产健壮的百香果藤蔓。对于生长旺盛的葡萄藤，应在移栽时施用禽粪，并且在移栽后不得超过4周。
{"title":"Early growth and dry matter partitioning of yellow passion fruit as affected by time of application and method of poultry manure placement","authors":"O. Ndukwe, I. Uko, S. O. Muojiama, Chinyere Esther Ndukwe, Amanda Uzoma Okoh, P. Baiyeri","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2021.1897438.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2021.1897438.1053","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Passion fruit cultivation and utilization is fast emerging in Nigeria. Poultry farms are increasing with the corresponding increase in poultry manure production which is relatively affordable by farmers. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of placement method and time of poultry manure (PM) application on early growth and dry matter partitioning of yellow passion fruit. \u0000Method PM placement methods were incorporation, top-dressing, bottom-dressing and split combination of top-and bottom-dressing while time of PM application comprised application at transplanting, 2, 4 and 6 weeks after transplanting (WAT). The experiments were laid out as completely randomized design, replicated five and six times, respectively for PM placement methods and time of PM application. Growth and dry matter yield were determined at two weeks' interval and 20 WAT, respectively. \u0000Results Longest vines (78.5 cm) were significantly (P<0.05) produced by plants that were grown in PM incorporated medium. Thickest stems (6.75 mm), highest number of leaves (66.4) and dry matter accumulation were recorded in plants that received PM as top-dressing followed by PM incorporation. Application of PM at transplanting resulted in longest vines (95.8 cm), highest number of leaves (69.5) and dry matter partitioning to leaves, vines and roots. \u0000Conclusion PM top placement performed best with respect to early growth parameters and dry matter accumulation followed by PM incorporation, hence PM top placement is recommended for production of vigorous passion fruit vines in container. Poultry manure should be applied at transplanting for vigorous vines and not delayed beyond 4 weeks after transplanting.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74843496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1897723.1060
M. G. Ghehsareh, M. Ghanbari, Saeid Reezi
Purpose The miniature rose is one of the most important potted flowers. So far, however, no research has focused on its optimal growing medium. This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of different media on the growth and development of miniature roses. Method Organic materials including peat moss, cocopeat, and licorice root residue were used alone or in combination. Fifty percent of each medium was field soil (sandy loam) and the other 50% included either peat, cocopeat, licorice residues or combinations of equal ratios including peat + cocopeat, peat + licorice residues, cocopeat + licorice residue Results The highest values of root and shoot fresh and dry weight, lateral branches length, leaf number, leaf area, relative water content, flower number and appearance quality were observed in 50% peat moss. Meanwhile, the tallest plants were observed in cocopeat bed, the highest root/shoot ratio in Licorice residue, the largest root volume in peat moss+ coco peat mixture and the highest amount of chlorophyll and carotenoid were observed in plants growing on Peat + licorice residue. In terms of length and diameter of the branches, there was no statistically significant difference between the peat and peat + cocopeat treatments. Conclusion Miniature roses grew best on 50% peat moss + 50% field soil and also on 25% peat moss + 25% cocopeat + 50% field soil. Unlike some plants, miniature roses cannot grow well if peat moss is completely replaced by cocopeat. Licorice residue had a negative effect on plant growth.
{"title":"The effects of different potted mixtures on the growth and development of miniature roses (Rosa ‘Orange Meillandina’)","authors":"M. G. Ghehsareh, M. Ghanbari, Saeid Reezi","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1897723.1060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1897723.1060","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The miniature rose is one of the most important potted flowers. So far, however, no research has focused on its optimal growing medium. This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of different media on the growth and development of miniature roses. Method Organic materials including peat moss, cocopeat, and licorice root residue were used alone or in combination. Fifty percent of each medium was field soil (sandy loam) and the other 50% included either peat, cocopeat, licorice residues or combinations of equal ratios including peat + cocopeat, peat + licorice residues, cocopeat + licorice residue Results The highest values of root and shoot fresh and dry weight, lateral branches length, leaf number, leaf area, relative water content, flower number and appearance quality were observed in 50% peat moss. Meanwhile, the tallest plants were observed in cocopeat bed, the highest root/shoot ratio in Licorice residue, the largest root volume in peat moss+ coco peat mixture and the highest amount of chlorophyll and carotenoid were observed in plants growing on Peat + licorice residue. In terms of length and diameter of the branches, there was no statistically significant difference between the peat and peat + cocopeat treatments. Conclusion Miniature roses grew best on 50% peat moss + 50% field soil and also on 25% peat moss + 25% cocopeat + 50% field soil. Unlike some plants, miniature roses cannot grow well if peat moss is completely replaced by cocopeat. Licorice residue had a negative effect on plant growth.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83897212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1900077.1074
Ryoko Sekifuji, C. Van, M. Tateda, H. Takimoto
Purpose To ensure the sustainability of rice husk recycling schemes, there are essential conditions that should be considered. In this study, a system in which a fertilizer was obtained after rice husk heat treatment, which also produces hot water as a heat recovery strategy, was considered, and its financial sustainability, based on different conditions in place, was then evaluated. Method Based on a previous study, three essential conditions that are necessary for the sustainability of the system were identified (i.e., free or low-cost rice husk collection and hauling, production of silica in the amorphous state, and complete recycling of rice husk ash). The necessity of these conditions was confirmed based on the sustainability of the financial balance of the system. Results A 24-h d-1 operated system is more profitable than one that is operated at 6-h d-1. The pelletizing process is costly; however, the fertilizer in the pellet form can be sold at a relatively higher price. The system was unsustainable when rice husk collection and hauling as well as ash disposal fees were charged. Conclusion Therefore, the cost of rice husk collection, hauling, and ash disposal as well as the amorphous state of the ash were confirmed as conditions that are necessary to ensure the sustainability of a rice husk recycling scheme.
{"title":"Sustainability of a rice husk recycling scheme","authors":"Ryoko Sekifuji, C. Van, M. Tateda, H. Takimoto","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1900077.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1900077.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To ensure the sustainability of rice husk recycling schemes, there are essential conditions that should be considered. In this study, a system in which a fertilizer was obtained after rice husk heat treatment, which also produces hot water as a heat recovery strategy, was considered, and its financial sustainability, based on different conditions in place, was then evaluated. Method Based on a previous study, three essential conditions that are necessary for the sustainability of the system were identified (i.e., free or low-cost rice husk collection and hauling, production of silica in the amorphous state, and complete recycling of rice husk ash). The necessity of these conditions was confirmed based on the sustainability of the financial balance of the system. Results A 24-h d-1 operated system is more profitable than one that is operated at 6-h d-1. The pelletizing process is costly; however, the fertilizer in the pellet form can be sold at a relatively higher price. The system was unsustainable when rice husk collection and hauling as well as ash disposal fees were charged. Conclusion Therefore, the cost of rice husk collection, hauling, and ash disposal as well as the amorphous state of the ash were confirmed as conditions that are necessary to ensure the sustainability of a rice husk recycling scheme.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73852036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1885536.1007
D. A. Luz, A. K. C. Gomes, N. K. Simas, O. Heringer, W. Romão, B. Lovatti, R. Scherer, P. Filgueiras, R. Kuster
Purpose This article aims to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of metabolites present in the waste from sugarcane processing industry, such as vinasse, filter cake and bagasse, in order to reuse them as raw materials for the production of natural herbicides. Methods Vinasse, filter cake and bagasse were submitted to different treatments, which originated 15 different samples. They were chemically identified by negative-ion mode electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI(-)FT-ICR MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Furthermore, they were submitted to phytotoxic assays, and to total phenolic content determination. Correlation between chemical and biological methods was performed through chemometric analysis and multiple linear regression. Results From vinasse, dichloromethane (VDiCl) and ethyl acetate (VAcOEt) samples were the most phytotoxic fractions at the concentrations of 500 mg L-1 and 250 mg L-1. VDiCl inhibited L. sativa root growth by 72.6% and 59.7%, respectively, while VAcOEt inhibited by 62.13% and 30.67%, respectively. The IC50 values established for VDiCl e VAcOEt were 168.4 mg L-1 e 262.3 mg L-1, respectively. The set of analyzes provided evidence that the synergistic action between fatty acids and phenolic compounds was of paramount importance for greater phytotoxicity of fractions. Conclusion The results indicate that the waste from the sugarcane processing industry, especially vinasse, can be reused as raw material for the production of natural herbicides, minimizing the environmental risks of incorrect disposal.
{"title":"Sugarcane waste products as source of phytotoxic compounds for agriculture","authors":"D. A. Luz, A. K. C. Gomes, N. K. Simas, O. Heringer, W. Romão, B. Lovatti, R. Scherer, P. Filgueiras, R. Kuster","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1885536.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1885536.1007","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose This article aims to evaluate the phytotoxic potential of metabolites present in the waste from sugarcane processing industry, such as vinasse, filter cake and bagasse, in order to reuse them as raw materials for the production of natural herbicides. Methods Vinasse, filter cake and bagasse were submitted to different treatments, which originated 15 different samples. They were chemically identified by negative-ion mode electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI(-)FT-ICR MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Furthermore, they were submitted to phytotoxic assays, and to total phenolic content determination. Correlation between chemical and biological methods was performed through chemometric analysis and multiple linear regression. Results From vinasse, dichloromethane (VDiCl) and ethyl acetate (VAcOEt) samples were the most phytotoxic fractions at the concentrations of 500 mg L-1 and 250 mg L-1. VDiCl inhibited L. sativa root growth by 72.6% and 59.7%, respectively, while VAcOEt inhibited by 62.13% and 30.67%, respectively. The IC50 values established for VDiCl e VAcOEt were 168.4 mg L-1 e 262.3 mg L-1, respectively. The set of analyzes provided evidence that the synergistic action between fatty acids and phenolic compounds was of paramount importance for greater phytotoxicity of fractions. Conclusion The results indicate that the waste from the sugarcane processing industry, especially vinasse, can be reused as raw material for the production of natural herbicides, minimizing the environmental risks of incorrect disposal.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82785630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-24DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1897538.1055
B. Foereid, J. Szőcs, R. Patinvoh, I. S. Horváth
Purpose Anaerobic digestion produces renewable energy, biogas, from organic residues, but also digestate, a valuable organic fertiliser. Previous studies have indicated that digestate contains ample plant available nitrogen (N), but there are also concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions after application of digestates to soil. The aim of this study was to compare digestate and undigested feedstock for fertiliser effect as well as greenhouse gas emissions during the next season. Methods Digestate and its feedstock, manure, were compared as N fertilisers for wheat. Mixing digestate with biochar before application was also tested. After harvest, soil samples were frozen and dried. Then GHG emissions immediately after a re-wetting of dry soil and after thawing of frozen soil were measured to determine emissions after a non-growing season (dry or cold). Results All N in digestate was plant available, while there was no significant N fertiliser effect of the undigested manure. N2O emissions were higher after a dry season than after freezing, but the undigested manure showed higher emissions during thawing than those detected during thawing of soils from any of the other treatments. Conclusion Anaerobic digestion makes N available to plants, and when residues with much N that is not plant available the first season are used, the risk of N2O emission next spring is high.
{"title":"Effect of anaerobic digestion of manure before application to soil – benefits for nitrogen utilisation?","authors":"B. Foereid, J. Szőcs, R. Patinvoh, I. S. Horváth","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1897538.1055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1897538.1055","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Anaerobic digestion produces renewable energy, biogas, from organic residues, but also digestate, a valuable organic fertiliser. Previous studies have indicated that digestate contains ample plant available nitrogen (N), but there are also concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions after application of digestates to soil. The aim of this study was to compare digestate and undigested feedstock for fertiliser effect as well as greenhouse gas emissions during the next season. \u0000Methods Digestate and its feedstock, manure, were compared as N fertilisers for wheat. Mixing digestate with biochar before application was also tested. After harvest, soil samples were frozen and dried. Then GHG emissions immediately after a re-wetting of dry soil and after thawing of frozen soil were measured to determine emissions after a non-growing season (dry or cold). \u0000Results All N in digestate was plant available, while there was no significant N fertiliser effect of the undigested manure. N2O emissions were higher after a dry season than after freezing, but the undigested manure showed higher emissions during thawing than those detected during thawing of soils from any of the other treatments. \u0000Conclusion Anaerobic digestion makes N available to plants, and when residues with much N that is not plant available the first season are used, the risk of N2O emission next spring is high.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88642496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1895397.1049
N. Kumari, Anita Sharma, M. Devi, Atif Zargar, Sunny Kumar, Umesh Thakur, A. Bhatia, Khushboo Badhan, Sunaina Chandel, A. Devi, K. Sharma, S. Kumari, Mussarat Choudhary, Arup Giri
Purpose In the current scenario, food wastage is a significant concern throughout the world. This food wastage may convert to compost, and that compost may apply in the agriculture field for the better yield of crops. In this context, a field study conducted on the effects of compost prepared from food wastage on the yield of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish.Methods The experiment consisted of twelve treatments and twelve control plants of all the plants. Field soil of both control and treatment plots were analyzed by standard methods. Standard methods took different morphological and chemical parameters of all the plants.Results Results indicated that compost from food waste increased soil fertility. The application of manure was significantly (p < 0.01) superior over the morphological and biochemical properties of the control group plants. The application of compost increased leaf relative water content and decreased the electrolyte leakage in all the plants. The yield of cabbage (control-0.00 t•ha-1, treatment-37.05 t•ha-1), cauliflower (control-10.16 t•ha-1, treatment-22.36 t•ha-1) and radish (control-7.30 t•ha-1, treatment-20.33 t•ha-1) were significantly higher in the treatment group than the control group. The yield increment in percentages of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish was infinite %, 220.08 %, and 278.49 %, respectively. The day in terms of time, compost, and their interaction has a significant effect on the better health of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish, and more yields achieved.Conclusion Therefore, food waste is used for making compost, which is helpful for organic cabbage, cauliflower, and radish production in a sub-tropical condition.
{"title":"Compost from the food waste for organic production of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish under sub-tropical conditions","authors":"N. Kumari, Anita Sharma, M. Devi, Atif Zargar, Sunny Kumar, Umesh Thakur, A. Bhatia, Khushboo Badhan, Sunaina Chandel, A. Devi, K. Sharma, S. Kumari, Mussarat Choudhary, Arup Giri","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1895397.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1895397.1049","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose In the current scenario, food wastage is a significant concern throughout the world. This food wastage may convert to compost, and that compost may apply in the agriculture field for the better yield of crops. In this context, a field study conducted on the effects of compost prepared from food wastage on the yield of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish.Methods The experiment consisted of twelve treatments and twelve control plants of all the plants. Field soil of both control and treatment plots were analyzed by standard methods. Standard methods took different morphological and chemical parameters of all the plants.Results Results indicated that compost from food waste increased soil fertility. The application of manure was significantly (p < 0.01) superior over the morphological and biochemical properties of the control group plants. The application of compost increased leaf relative water content and decreased the electrolyte leakage in all the plants. The yield of cabbage (control-0.00 t•ha-1, treatment-37.05 t•ha-1), cauliflower (control-10.16 t•ha-1, treatment-22.36 t•ha-1) and radish (control-7.30 t•ha-1, treatment-20.33 t•ha-1) were significantly higher in the treatment group than the control group. The yield increment in percentages of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish was infinite %, 220.08 %, and 278.49 %, respectively. The day in terms of time, compost, and their interaction has a significant effect on the better health of cabbage, cauliflower, and radish, and more yields achieved.Conclusion Therefore, food waste is used for making compost, which is helpful for organic cabbage, cauliflower, and radish production in a sub-tropical condition.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89066754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1893367.1037
Sharanpreet Singh, Jaswinder Singh, Alkesh Kandoria, Jahangeer Quadar, S. Bhat, A. Chowdhary, A. Vig
Purpose Solid waste management has become a serious global problem. There is a strong need to recycle them as these wastes are rich in plant nutrients and soil conditioners. The different organic wastes can be efficiently degraded into nutrient-rich vermicompost by using earthworms. In this review, an attempt has been made to highlight the vermicomposting of different organic wastes by using different earthworm species. Methods An extensive literature search was done on Science Direct, Pubmed Central, Google Scholar, Springerlink by using various search strings, and appropriate studies of vermicomposting of different organic waste were selected. Results Any kind of organic waste can be converted into manure through vermicomposting. It was observed that for efficient vermicomposting, the waste should be mixed with another organic material. e.g., animal dung. It was observed that the vermireactors having 25 % to 30 % of waste mixed with about 70 % to 75 % of other organic rich material like cattle dung can be easily converted into a valuable product, but the high proportion of organic waste causes mortality in the earthworms. Conclusion This study indicated that vermicomposting is an effective and a better option for the recycling of different types of organic solid waste but these wastes cannot be directly degraded with the help of earthworms. The vermicompost so produced can be used to promote the growth of wide range of crops in the fields. The farmers should also be educated regarding the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and also get motivated to use vermicompost in their fields.
{"title":"Bioconversion of different organic waste into fortified vermicompost with the help of earthworm: A comprehensive review","authors":"Sharanpreet Singh, Jaswinder Singh, Alkesh Kandoria, Jahangeer Quadar, S. Bhat, A. Chowdhary, A. Vig","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1893367.1037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1893367.1037","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Solid waste management has become a serious global problem. There is a strong need to recycle them as these wastes are rich in plant nutrients and soil conditioners. The different organic wastes can be efficiently degraded into nutrient-rich vermicompost by using earthworms. In this review, an attempt has been made to highlight the vermicomposting of different organic wastes by using different earthworm species. \u0000Methods An extensive literature search was done on Science Direct, Pubmed Central, Google Scholar, Springerlink by using various search strings, and appropriate studies of vermicomposting of different organic waste were selected. \u0000Results Any kind of organic waste can be converted into manure through vermicomposting. It was observed that for efficient vermicomposting, the waste should be mixed with another organic material. e.g., animal dung. It was observed that the vermireactors having 25 % to 30 % of waste mixed with about 70 % to 75 % of other organic rich material like cattle dung can be easily converted into a valuable product, but the high proportion of organic waste causes mortality in the earthworms. \u0000Conclusion This study indicated that vermicomposting is an effective and a better option for the recycling of different types of organic solid waste but these wastes cannot be directly degraded with the help of earthworms. The vermicompost so produced can be used to promote the growth of wide range of crops in the fields. The farmers should also be educated regarding the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and also get motivated to use vermicompost in their fields.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84993469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-12DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1898655.1064
Puja Biswas, M. Halder, J. Joardar
Purpose Improper management of poultry feather (PF) leads to various environmental problems. Biodegradation of PF using Streptomyces sp. was initiated to recover N because PF is rich in keratin protein which is difficult to break down. Methods PF was collected, washed, chopped, and was transferred to plastic pots (200 ml each containing 30g PF). Streptomyces sp. was cultured using selective media and transferred to plastic pot at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ml broth) with three replications. PF was composted under this condition for 75 days. The poultry feather compost (PFC) was used as fertilizer to grow okra in a separate experiment in pots. Different rates (0, 153, 306, 460, 613, and 766 kg ha-1) of PFC equivalent to 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg urea ha-1 based on N content was applied. Inorganic N was applied at the recommended dose (150 kg urea ha-1). Results Both total and available N content increased significantly in PFC with increasing concentration of Streptomyces sp. broth in composting media. Maximum N (15.31% total; 1.51% available) was found when PF was treated with 4 and 5 ml of Streptomyces sp. broth. Considering the plant’s agronomic attributes and fruit yield, the application of 460 kg ha-1 PFC was found most suitable for growing okra. Conclusion Composting of PF with Streptomyces sp. is a viable technique to recover N from PF. PFC can make N rich organic amendment and reduce the use of chemical fertilizer (urea) in the agricultural field.
目的家禽羽毛管理不当会导致各种环境问题。利用链霉菌对PF进行生物降解是为了回收N，因为PF含有丰富的角蛋白，难以分解。方法收集PF，洗涤，切碎，转移到塑料盆中(每个200 ml含有30g PF)。采用选择性培养基培养链霉菌，并以不同浓度(0、1、2、3、4、5 ml肉汤)转移到塑料锅中，重复3次。在此条件下堆肥75 d。以鸡毛堆肥(PFC)为肥料，进行秋葵盆栽试验。根据氮素含量的不同，分别施用0、153、306、460、613和766 kg ha-1的PFC相当于0、50、100、150、200和250 kg尿素ha-1。按推荐用量(尿素150 kg hm -1)施用无机氮。结果随着堆肥培养基中链霉菌肉汤浓度的增加，PFC中全氮和速效氮含量均显著增加。最大N (15.31%);用4 ml和5 ml链霉菌肉汤处理PF时，有效率为1.51%。综合考虑秋葵的农艺性状和果实产量，460 kg ha-1 PFC最适合种植秋葵。结论链霉菌堆肥是一种可行的有机肥回收技术，可进行富氮有机改良，减少农田化肥(尿素)用量。
{"title":"Biodegradation of poultry feather using Streptomyces sp. for nitrogen and its effect on growth and yield of okra","authors":"Puja Biswas, M. Halder, J. Joardar","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1898655.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1898655.1064","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Improper management of poultry feather (PF) leads to various environmental problems. Biodegradation of PF using Streptomyces sp. was initiated to recover N because PF is rich in keratin protein which is difficult to break down. \u0000Methods PF was collected, washed, chopped, and was transferred to plastic pots (200 ml each containing 30g PF). Streptomyces sp. was cultured using selective media and transferred to plastic pot at different concentrations (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 ml broth) with three replications. PF was composted under this condition for 75 days. The poultry feather compost (PFC) was used as fertilizer to grow okra in a separate experiment in pots. Different rates (0, 153, 306, 460, 613, and 766 kg ha-1) of PFC equivalent to 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 kg urea ha-1 based on N content was applied. Inorganic N was applied at the recommended dose (150 kg urea ha-1). \u0000Results Both total and available N content increased significantly in PFC with increasing concentration of Streptomyces sp. broth in composting media. Maximum N (15.31% total; 1.51% available) was found when PF was treated with 4 and 5 ml of Streptomyces sp. broth. Considering the plant’s agronomic attributes and fruit yield, the application of 460 kg ha-1 PFC was found most suitable for growing okra. \u0000Conclusion Composting of PF with Streptomyces sp. is a viable technique to recover N from PF. PFC can make N rich organic amendment and reduce the use of chemical fertilizer (urea) in the agricultural field.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73096316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1891410.1031
M. Mahmoudi, M. Khelil, Rim Ghrib, B. Douh, A. Boujelben
Purpose Due to increasing water demand in worldwide, treated wastewater (TWW) will become an important component in agriculture, particularly in countries facing the water scarcity. Using judiciously the already existing water resources in agriculture production can be proved by using efficient irrigation method. MethodsThis study investigates the impact of two irrigation water quality including; treated wastewater (TWW) and tap water (FW) with two modes of drip irrigation; subsurface at different depth (5, 15 and 25 cm depth) and surface drip irrigation on yield production and growth parameters of okra during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Okra was chosen for its economical and nutritional values. Results Results revealed that the maximum agronomic performance of okra was recorded with TWW by comparing it with FW. SDI also offers more reliable growth and yield data than surface irrigation. TWW influenced positively the growth parameters and yield attitudes of okra. Plant height was maximum in WSDI25 treatment with 257 cm and 214 cm, in 2017 and 2018, respectively followed by WSDI15 and WSDI5 then WSDI0. The same order was observed for the different treatments in the plot by irrigated by FW. Fruit number per plant was observed to be maximum in WSDI5 (55.8) and WSDI15 (54.8), and minimum in FSDI0 (33.8) and FSDI5 (33.7). Okra yield was maximum in WSDI5 treatment (4.59 t/ha) and minimum in FSDI0 treatment (2.2 t/ha) in 2017. Conclusion The results of this study showed that application of TWW under (5 -15) cm depth of drip line is recommended for higher productivity of okra.
{"title":"Assessment of growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) under surface and subsurface drip irrigation using treated waste water","authors":"M. Mahmoudi, M. Khelil, Rim Ghrib, B. Douh, A. Boujelben","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1891410.1031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1891410.1031","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Due to increasing water demand in worldwide, treated wastewater (TWW) will become an important component in agriculture, particularly in countries facing the water scarcity. Using judiciously the already existing water resources in agriculture production can be proved by using efficient irrigation method. MethodsThis study investigates the impact of two irrigation water quality including; treated wastewater (TWW) and tap water (FW) with two modes of drip irrigation; subsurface at different depth (5, 15 and 25 cm depth) and surface drip irrigation on yield production and growth parameters of okra during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Okra was chosen for its economical and nutritional values. Results Results revealed that the maximum agronomic performance of okra was recorded with TWW by comparing it with FW. SDI also offers more reliable growth and yield data than surface irrigation. TWW influenced positively the growth parameters and yield attitudes of okra. Plant height was maximum in WSDI25 treatment with 257 cm and 214 cm, in 2017 and 2018, respectively followed by WSDI15 and WSDI5 then WSDI0. The same order was observed for the different treatments in the plot by irrigated by FW. Fruit number per plant was observed to be maximum in WSDI5 (55.8) and WSDI15 (54.8), and minimum in FSDI0 (33.8) and FSDI5 (33.7). Okra yield was maximum in WSDI5 treatment (4.59 t/ha) and minimum in FSDI0 treatment (2.2 t/ha) in 2017. Conclusion The results of this study showed that application of TWW under (5 -15) cm depth of drip line is recommended for higher productivity of okra.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72426385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1894411.1048
A. Iriany, Oktabriyanti Ayu Wulan Sari, F. Hasanah
Purpose An attempt to improve the quality and quantity of chili production through good and effective nursery still needs some development and advancement. Polybag as seedling pot made from polyethylene has non-biodegradable properties that causes environmental impacts, so alternative biodegradable pot which is derived from renewable organic material, namely BioPot, is urgent. The suitable BioPot compositions to complete the nursery stage successfully still need further research and improvement. This research aimed at optimizing BioPot compositions made from water hyacinth and coconut coir for improving the growth and yield of chili. Methods The experiment was carried out using simple RCBD, three replication, one control (polybag) and 5 BioPot compositions (percentage of water hyacinth and coconut coir) as treatments labelled as PO1 (40:60), PO2 (50:50), PO3 (60:40), PO4 (70:30) and PO5 (80:20). The data were analyzed by ANOVA (F-test), then by means of HSD (Tukey test) α 5% as well as response surface analysis. Results The results showed that PO3 and PO4 showed no difference in all observations of the growth of chilli. The highest yield of chili was obtained using PO4 (70% water hyacinth and 30% coconut coir) although the number was not significantly different from PO3 and PO5 (60-80% water hyacinth and 20-40% coconut coir), except in fruit length variable. Conclusion BioPot made from 70% water hyacinth and 30% coconut coir (PO4) was the optimum composition based on scatter plot, contour plot, and surface plot.
{"title":"Optimization of BioPot compositions made from water hyacinth and coconut coir for improving the growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annum L.)","authors":"A. Iriany, Oktabriyanti Ayu Wulan Sari, F. Hasanah","doi":"10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1894411.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30486/IJROWA.2020.1894411.1048","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose An attempt to improve the quality and quantity of chili production through good and effective nursery still needs some development and advancement. Polybag as seedling pot made from polyethylene has non-biodegradable properties that causes environmental impacts, so alternative biodegradable pot which is derived from renewable organic material, namely BioPot, is urgent. The suitable BioPot compositions to complete the nursery stage successfully still need further research and improvement. This research aimed at optimizing BioPot compositions made from water hyacinth and coconut coir for improving the growth and yield of chili. Methods The experiment was carried out using simple RCBD, three replication, one control (polybag) and 5 BioPot compositions (percentage of water hyacinth and coconut coir) as treatments labelled as PO1 (40:60), PO2 (50:50), PO3 (60:40), PO4 (70:30) and PO5 (80:20). The data were analyzed by ANOVA (F-test), then by means of HSD (Tukey test) α 5% as well as response surface analysis. Results The results showed that PO3 and PO4 showed no difference in all observations of the growth of chilli. The highest yield of chili was obtained using PO4 (70% water hyacinth and 30% coconut coir) although the number was not significantly different from PO3 and PO5 (60-80% water hyacinth and 20-40% coconut coir), except in fruit length variable. Conclusion BioPot made from 70% water hyacinth and 30% coconut coir (PO4) was the optimum composition based on scatter plot, contour plot, and surface plot.","PeriodicalId":14373,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75052354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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