Objectives: To describe the inner ear sectors after an inner ear MRI protocol and search for the presence of endolymphatic pressure anomaly in patients presenting with a congenital CMV infection and audio-vestibular dysfunction.
Methods: A 3D FLAIR MRI sequence, 4 h after gadolinium injection, was performed in patients with sensory-neural hearing loss secondary to a congenital CMV infection in order to analyse the morphology of the endolymphatic space.
Results: Two patients presented with a unilateral SNHL and 4 patients a bilateral SNHL. Seven ears with SNHL demonstrated an endolymphatic hydrops on MRI images and 2 showed a membranous labyrinth atelectasis. All ears but two had a marked enhancement in the perilymph of the basal turn of the cochlea. One ear, with a normal hearing threshold but altered vestibular function, demonstrated cochlear and saccular hydrops. Two ears with normal or near normal hearing and normal vestibular function were radiologically normal on the MRI.
Conclusion: The compartmental endolymphatic study using delayed contrast-enhanced MRI sequences in children with cCMV infection suggests a relationship between inner ear involvement and endolymphatic pressure anomaly.
{"title":"Hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction in congenital CMV infection: Could it be due to endolymphatic pressure anomaly? A preliminary study.","authors":"Laureline Kahn, Guillaume Poillon, Monique Elmaleh-Bergès, Luca Litman-Roventa, Emilien Chebib, Natacha Teissier, Audrey Maudoux","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the inner ear sectors after an inner ear MRI protocol and search for the presence of endolymphatic pressure anomaly in patients presenting with a congenital CMV infection and audio-vestibular dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 3D FLAIR MRI sequence, 4 h after gadolinium injection, was performed in patients with sensory-neural hearing loss secondary to a congenital CMV infection in order to analyse the morphology of the endolymphatic space.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two patients presented with a unilateral SNHL and 4 patients a bilateral SNHL. Seven ears with SNHL demonstrated an endolymphatic hydrops on MRI images and 2 showed a membranous labyrinth atelectasis. All ears but two had a marked enhancement in the perilymph of the basal turn of the cochlea. One ear, with a normal hearing threshold but altered vestibular function, demonstrated cochlear and saccular hydrops. Two ears with normal or near normal hearing and normal vestibular function were radiologically normal on the MRI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The compartmental endolymphatic study using delayed contrast-enhanced MRI sequences in children with cCMV infection suggests a relationship between inner ear involvement and endolymphatic pressure anomaly.</p>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"112172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112195
Saad Elzayat , Hussein A. El-Shirbeny , Ahmed Morshedy , Islam Soltan , Maurizio Barbara , Edoardo Covelli , Mona A. Abdel-Kareem , Ashraf Fayed , Fathi Baki , Tawfiq Khurayzi , Haitham H. Elfarargy
Objectives
This study aimed to assess the ability of preoperative computed tomography (CT) to predict the crista fenestra (CF) type during cochlear implantation and correlate these types with intraoperative findings. This may allow for precise preoperative planning with better surgical outcomes.
Study design
A prospective observational study.
Settings
The study was done in multiple tertiary centers between September 2021 and March 2024.
Method
ology: We correlated the preoperative radiological type of the CF with the intraoperative CF type to evaluate the accuracy and sensitivity of the HRCT to predict the CF type. We also assessed the need for CF drilling in each case.
Results
Our study included 154 patients who underwent CI. They were 90 (58.4 %) males and 64 (41.5 %) females with ages ranging from 2.1 to 7.6 years, with a mean of 4.69 ± 1.19. The intra-class correlation coefficient between both radiological evaluators was 0.985, which indicated a high agreement between them. The intraoperative surgical types of CF were significantly related to the radiological types as the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.976, and the P-value was <0.001.
Conclusions
Our study revealed that preoperative CT is a precise tool for predicting the intraoperative type of CF during cochlear implantation type with a sensitivity of 96.67 % and an accuracy of 94.17 %. Moreover, drilling of the CF is recommended in type A3 and type B2 CF.
{"title":"Radio-clinical assessment of crista fenestra during pediatric cochlear implantation","authors":"Saad Elzayat , Hussein A. El-Shirbeny , Ahmed Morshedy , Islam Soltan , Maurizio Barbara , Edoardo Covelli , Mona A. Abdel-Kareem , Ashraf Fayed , Fathi Baki , Tawfiq Khurayzi , Haitham H. Elfarargy","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the ability of preoperative computed tomography (CT) to predict the crista fenestra (CF) type during cochlear implantation and correlate these types with intraoperative findings. This may allow for precise preoperative planning with better surgical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A prospective observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Settings</h3><div>The study was done in multiple tertiary centers between September 2021 and March 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>ology: We correlated the preoperative radiological type of the CF with the intraoperative CF type to evaluate the accuracy and sensitivity of the HRCT to predict the CF type. We also assessed the need for CF drilling in each case.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study included 154 patients who underwent CI. They were 90 (58.4 %) males and 64 (41.5 %) females with ages ranging from 2.1 to 7.6 years, with a mean of 4.69 ± 1.19. The intra-class correlation coefficient between both radiological evaluators was 0.985, which indicated a high agreement between them. The intraoperative surgical types of CF were significantly related to the radiological types as the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.976, and the <em>P</em>-value was <0.001.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our study revealed that preoperative CT is a precise tool for predicting the intraoperative type of CF during cochlear implantation type with a sensitivity of 96.67 % and an accuracy of 94.17 %. Moreover, drilling of the CF is recommended in type A3 and type B2 CF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intranasal steroids are effective in managing adenoid hypertrophy in children, but the evidence regarding technique of use for optimal results is lacking.
Methods
CFD analysis, with discrete phase modelling was done to simulate nasal spray in nasal cavity and drug delivery in the region of adenoids. The findings were validated using a 3D model designed from CT scan of the same region.
Results
Our study shows that the maximum spray deposition in the adenoid region is with injection angle of 30° with the concentration value of 14 kg/m3.
Discussion
Nasal steroids have been found to be quite effective in symptoms reduction in children with adenoid hypertrophy. The current guidelines for technique of application are similar to that which has been validated for nasal pathologies. But the studies analyzing optimum drug delivery to the adenoids with variations in technique of application are lacking. This is the research gap we have tried to fill with our study.
Conclusion
The application of nasal steroids with nozzle inclined at 30° with respect to the floor of nose ensures maximum drug delivery to the adenoids and is likely to improve the efficacy of this treatment.
{"title":"Optimizing topical nasal steroid application in adenoid hypertrophy: A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis","authors":"Bigyan Raj Gyawali , Ashutosh Kashyap , Sanju Thapa , Darshan Chaulagain , Suyogya Shakya , Niraj Kumar Kushwaha","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Intranasal steroids are effective in managing adenoid hypertrophy in children, but the evidence regarding technique of use for optimal results is lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>CFD analysis, with discrete phase modelling was done to simulate nasal spray in nasal cavity and drug delivery in the region of adenoids. The findings were validated using a 3D model designed from CT scan of the same region.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study shows that the maximum spray deposition in the adenoid region is with injection angle of 30° with the concentration value of 14 kg/m<sup>3</sup>.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Nasal steroids have been found to be quite effective in symptoms reduction in children with adenoid hypertrophy. The current guidelines for technique of application are similar to that which has been validated for nasal pathologies. But the studies analyzing optimum drug delivery to the adenoids with variations in technique of application are lacking. This is the research gap we have tried to fill with our study.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The application of nasal steroids with nozzle inclined at 30° with respect to the floor of nose ensures maximum drug delivery to the adenoids and is likely to improve the efficacy of this treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112191
Jane Sheehan , Alison Jagger , Kate L. Francis , S. Ghazaleh Dashti , Patrick Gornall , Melinda Barker , Valerie Sung , Sergio Ruiz-Carmona , Susan Baohm , Zeffie Poulakis
Objective
Infections during pregnancy can increase the risk of congenital hearing loss. This population-based study investigated the effect of birthing parent COVID-19 infection during pregnancy on risk of congenital hearing loss in infants.
Methods
Records of infants born in 2022 were reviewed via a retrospective clinical audit of a universal state-wide newborn hearing screening program in Victoria, Australia. The number and timing of COVID-19 infections during pregnancy were collected via self-report at the time of the hearing screen. Infant records (n = 75,330) were divided into birthing parent infection group (n = 25,547, 33.9 %), and non-infection group (n = 49,783, 66.1 %). Group differences in screen and diagnostic audiology results were estimated by general linear regression models with a binomial distribution.
Results
Birthing parent and infant characteristics were similar across groups. Comparable proportions of infants obtained a refer result on their newborn hearing screen, requiring referral to diagnostic audiology (infection group: 1.4 %, 95%CI 1.2–1.5 versus non-infection group: 1.3 %, 95%CI 1.2–1.4). The proportion of infants diagnosed with any type and degree of hearing loss was also similar (infection group: 0.6 %, 95%CI 0.5–0.7 versus non-infection group: 0.6 %, 95%CI 0.6–0.7).
Conclusion
This epidemiological study is the largest to date and demonstrates that infants whose birthing parent reported COVID-19 infection during pregnancy were not at increased risk of obtaining a refer result on their newborn hearing screen, nor at increased risk of congenital hearing loss. Specific protocols or guidelines to manage the newborn hearing screening pathway of infants born to a parent with COVID-19 during pregnancy are not supported by this study's findings.
{"title":"Is COVID-19 infection during pregnancy a risk for congenital hearing loss?","authors":"Jane Sheehan , Alison Jagger , Kate L. Francis , S. Ghazaleh Dashti , Patrick Gornall , Melinda Barker , Valerie Sung , Sergio Ruiz-Carmona , Susan Baohm , Zeffie Poulakis","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Infections during pregnancy can increase the risk of congenital hearing loss. This population-based study investigated the effect of birthing parent COVID-19 infection during pregnancy on risk of congenital hearing loss in infants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Records of infants born in 2022 were reviewed via a retrospective clinical audit of a universal state-wide newborn hearing screening program in Victoria, Australia. The number and timing of COVID-19 infections during pregnancy were collected via self-report at the time of the hearing screen. Infant records (n = 75,330) were divided into birthing parent infection group (n = 25,547, 33.9 %), and non-infection group (n = 49,783, 66.1 %). Group differences in screen and diagnostic audiology results were estimated by general linear regression models with a binomial distribution.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Birthing parent and infant characteristics were similar across groups. Comparable proportions of infants obtained a refer result on their newborn hearing screen, requiring referral to diagnostic audiology (infection group: 1.4 %, 95%CI 1.2–1.5 versus non-infection group: 1.3 %, 95%CI 1.2–1.4). The proportion of infants diagnosed with any type and degree of hearing loss was also similar (infection group: 0.6 %, 95%CI 0.5–0.7 versus non-infection group: 0.6 %, 95%CI 0.6–0.7).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This epidemiological study is the largest to date and demonstrates that infants whose birthing parent reported COVID-19 infection during pregnancy were not at increased risk of obtaining a refer result on their newborn hearing screen, nor at increased risk of congenital hearing loss. Specific protocols or guidelines to manage the newborn hearing screening pathway of infants born to a parent with COVID-19 during pregnancy are not supported by this study's findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112185
Semih Guler , Ayse Sanem Sahli , Murat Dogan
Objectives
The aim of this study is to examine the effect of type of delivery and anesthesia method on the screening ABR test results of newborns within the scope of the Newborn Hearing Screening Program (NHCP) and to investigate the relationship between the test results and the relevant variables.
Methods
441 newborns were included in the study. Of these newborns, 221 constituted the control group (normal (vaginal) delivery), and 220 constituted the study group (cesarean section, delivery). In the study, all newborns whose hearing was evaluated within the scope of the Newborn Screening Program were screened twice. Screening ABR test results applied were compared considering the type of delivery (normal (vaginal) or cesarean section) and anesthesia method (spinal or general). The effects of variables such as the duration of the baby's separation (dissection) from the mother's womb, the duration of exposure to the anesthetic agent and the total duration of the surgical procedure were examined.
Results
As a result of the study, a statistically significant relationship was found between delivery type (normal (vaginal) or cesarean section) and anesthesia method (spinal or general) and first screening ABR test results (p < 0.001). While there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in terms of separation time from the mother's womb (p < 0.001) and exposure to an anesthetic agent among the first test screening ABR results of newborns born under general anesthesia, there was no statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in terms of total surgical procedure time (p = 0.106) no difference was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between ABR test results and these three variables in newborns born under spinal anesthesia (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
The type of delivery newborns and the anesthesia method used at delivery may affect the results of screening ABR applied within the scope of a newborn hearing screening protocol. For this reason, it is very important to perform screening tests at the most appropriate and correct time.
{"title":"Effect of type of delivery and anesthesia method to ABR results on newborn hearing screening","authors":"Semih Guler , Ayse Sanem Sahli , Murat Dogan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is to examine the effect of type of delivery and anesthesia method on the screening ABR test results of newborns within the scope of the Newborn Hearing Screening Program (NHCP) and to investigate the relationship between the test results and the relevant variables.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>441 newborns were included in the study. Of these newborns, 221 constituted the control group (normal (vaginal) delivery), and 220 constituted the study group (cesarean section, delivery). In the study, all newborns whose hearing was evaluated within the scope of the Newborn Screening Program were screened twice. Screening ABR test results applied were compared considering the type of delivery (normal (vaginal) or cesarean section) and anesthesia method (spinal or general). The effects of variables such as the duration of the baby's separation (dissection) from the mother's womb, the duration of exposure to the anesthetic agent and the total duration of the surgical procedure were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As a result of the study, a statistically significant relationship was found between delivery type (normal (vaginal) or cesarean section) and anesthesia method (spinal or general) and first screening ABR test results (p < 0.001). While there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in terms of separation time from the mother's womb (p < 0.001) and exposure to an anesthetic agent among the first test screening ABR results of newborns born under general anesthesia, there was no statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) in terms of total surgical procedure time (p = 0.106) no difference was detected. There was no statistically significant difference between ABR test results and these three variables in newborns born under spinal anesthesia (p > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The type of delivery newborns and the anesthesia method used at delivery may affect the results of screening ABR applied within the scope of a newborn hearing screening protocol. For this reason, it is very important to perform screening tests at the most appropriate and correct time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the presence, type, and severity of hearing losses in individuals with Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS), and to ascertain if there are anomalies in the auditory pathways at the brainstem level in DRS, believed to arise from aberrant interaction between cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei.
Study design
Cross-sectional observational study.
Setting
Tertiary referral centre.
Patients
The study group comprised 20 patients diagnosed with DRS, aged between 5 and 18 years, who underwent ophthalmological, otological and audiological follow-up at our clinic. The control group was established using data obtained from the previous work of Sanfins M.D., et al., 2022.
Interventions
Participants underwent tympanometry and pure tone audiometry after ophthalmological and otological examination. Patients with hearing loss underwent auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing, while patients with normal hearing underwent temporal CT and MRI to detect possible aetiology.
Main outcome measures
Tympanograms, air and bone conduction pure tone averages, latencies of wave I, III and V and interwave latencies as well as radiological findings on CT and MRI were noted.
Results
Profound sensorineural hearing loss was detected in two of the 20 patients. One of the patients with hearing loss had left-sided exo-Duane, cochlear aplasia with dilated vestibule (CADV) anomaly in the right ear and profound sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear. The other patient had bilateral exo-Duane, incomplete partition type I (IP-I) malformation in the right ear and profound sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear. There was no significant difference observed in the ABR latencies of wave I, III, and V, as well as the inter-wave latencies, between the control group and the individuals diagnosed with DRS who had normal hearing.
Conclusions
No statistically significant difference was found in auditory brainstem responses between the control group and patients with DRS without hearing loss. It can be speculated that Duane retraction syndrome and hearing loss do not share a common pathogenesis at the level of the brainstem. However, it should be noted that hearing loss may be associated with inner ear malformations in DRS patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of auditory pathways and comorbid inner ear malformations in pediatric patients with Duane retraction syndrome","authors":"Gamze Atay , Burçay Tellioğlu , Hilal Toprak Tellioğlu , Nizamettin Burak Avcı , Betül Çiçek Çınar , Hande Taylan Şekeroğlu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims and objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the presence, type, and severity of hearing losses in individuals with Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS), and to ascertain if there are anomalies in the auditory pathways at the brainstem level in DRS, believed to arise from aberrant interaction between cranial nerves and brainstem nuclei.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cross-sectional observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Tertiary referral centre.</div></div><div><h3>Patients</h3><div>The study group comprised 20 patients diagnosed with DRS, aged between 5 and 18 years, who underwent ophthalmological, otological and audiological follow-up at our clinic. The control group was established using data obtained from the previous work of Sanfins M.D., et al., 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Interventions</h3><div>Participants underwent tympanometry and pure tone audiometry after ophthalmological and otological examination. Patients with hearing loss underwent auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing, while patients with normal hearing underwent temporal CT and MRI to detect possible aetiology.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Tympanograms, air and bone conduction pure tone averages, latencies of wave I, III and V and interwave latencies as well as radiological findings on CT and MRI were noted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Profound sensorineural hearing loss was detected in two of the 20 patients. One of the patients with hearing loss had left-sided exo-Duane, cochlear aplasia with dilated vestibule (CADV) anomaly in the right ear and profound sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear. The other patient had bilateral exo-Duane, incomplete partition type I (IP-I) malformation in the right ear and profound sensorineural hearing loss in the right ear. There was no significant difference observed in the ABR latencies of wave I, III, and V, as well as the inter-wave latencies, between the control group and the individuals diagnosed with DRS who had normal hearing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>No statistically significant difference was found in auditory brainstem responses between the control group and patients with DRS without hearing loss. It can be speculated that Duane retraction syndrome and hearing loss do not share a common pathogenesis at the level of the brainstem. However, it should be noted that hearing loss may be associated with inner ear malformations in DRS patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Auditory attention is an important cognitive factor that significantly affects speech perception in noisy environments. Hearing loss can impact attention, and it can impair speech perception in noise. Auditory attention training improves speech perception in noise in children with hearing loss. Could the combination of transcranial electrical current stimulation (tES) and auditory attention training enhance the speed and effectiveness of stability potentiation improvements? This investigation explores whether applying electrical stimulation alongside targeted auditory tasks can lead to more pronounced and rapid enhancements in cognitive function.
Methods
In this study, 24 children with moderate to severe S.N hearing loss were examined. The monaural-selective-auditory-attention test (mSAAT) and the test of everyday-attention-for-children (TEA-CH) were used to investigate auditory attention. The words-in-noise tests evaluated speech perception in noise. A go/no-go task was conducted to record auditory P300 evoked potential. Children were divided into three groups. Group A received auditory attention training. Group B received tDCS. Group C received combined method. The tests were repeated immediately and one month after training.
Results
Attention and speech perception improvement was significantly higher for the group that received the combined method compared to the groups that received auditory attention training with sham or tDCS alone (P < 0.001). All three groups showed significant changes one month after the training ended. However, the group that received only tDCS demonstrated a significant decrease in improvement.
Conclusion
The study showed that combining auditory attention training with tDCS can improve speech perception in noise for children with hearing loss. Combining behavioral training with tDCS has a more significant impact than using behavioral training alone, and combined method leads to more stability improvements than using tDCS alone.
{"title":"Improve the behavioral auditory attention training effects on the Speech-In-Noise perception with simultaneous electrical stimulation in children with hearing loss: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Nayiere Mansouri , Mohanna Javanbakht , Ali Jahan , Enayatollah Bakhshi , Moslem Shaabani","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Auditory attention is an important cognitive factor that significantly affects speech perception in noisy environments. Hearing loss can impact attention, and it can impair speech perception in noise. Auditory attention training improves speech perception in noise in children with hearing loss. Could the combination of transcranial electrical current stimulation (tES) and auditory attention training enhance the speed and effectiveness of stability potentiation improvements? This investigation explores whether applying electrical stimulation alongside targeted auditory tasks can lead to more pronounced and rapid enhancements in cognitive function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, 24 children with moderate to severe S.N hearing loss were examined. The monaural-selective-auditory-attention test (mSAAT) and the test of everyday-attention-for-children (TEA-CH) were used to investigate auditory attention. The words-in-noise tests evaluated speech perception in noise. A go/no-go task was conducted to record auditory P300 evoked potential. Children were divided into three groups. Group A received auditory attention training. Group B received tDCS. Group C received combined method. The tests were repeated immediately and one month after training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Attention and speech perception improvement was significantly higher for the group that received the combined method compared to the groups that received auditory attention training with sham or tDCS alone (P < <u>0.001)</u>. All three groups showed significant changes one month after the training ended. However, the group that received only tDCS demonstrated a significant decrease in improvement.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study showed that combining auditory attention training with tDCS can improve speech perception in noise for children with hearing loss. Combining behavioral training with tDCS has a more significant impact than using behavioral training alone, and combined method leads to more stability improvements than using tDCS alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142877296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112192
Maya Guhan , Yiressy Pina , Elton Lambert , Maria Pereira , Marietta De Guzman
{"title":"Autoimmune etiologies in pediatric recurrent parotitis: A retrospective analysis of patients referred to rheumatology","authors":"Maya Guhan , Yiressy Pina , Elton Lambert , Maria Pereira , Marietta De Guzman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112193
Roee Noy, Jacob T Cohen, Arie Gordin
Objectives: The vomer is an essential component of the nasopharynx. Although variations in vomer width(VW) and nasopharyngeal width(NW) can be observed, their clinical significance on post-adenoidectomy outcomes in children with sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea(SDB-OSA) remains uncertain. The primary outcome was to investigate the association between VW and post-adenoidectomy clinical improvement. Secondary outcomes were to investigate the variability and interplay between VW and NW.
Methods: This prospective, blinded cohort study was conducted at a tertiary hospital between 6/2022 and 7/2023. Children who underwent adenoidectomy for SDB-OSA were included. VW and NW were measured using a transoral endoscope. A calibrated ruler was positioned at the inferior aspect of the vomer for direct visualization, and the NW was calculated as the distance between the medial edges of the torus tubarius. Clinical improvement was collected using the OSA-18 survey.
Results: Of the 29 children (mean age:3.5 years, IQR: 2-4, 16[55 %] males), 26(89.6 %) showed a clinical improvement 1-month post-adenoidectomy (ΔOSA-18 score: 24.6,95 % confidence interval: 31-(-14),p = 0.001). The mean VW was 3.88 mm (IQR: 3-4), and the mean NW was 13.76 mm (IQR:13-14). In the univariable analysis, clinical improvement was associated with age <3 years(p = 0.05), non-obese children(p = 0.01), large adenoids(p = 0.01), preoperative OSA-18 score>60(p = 0.05), and lower VW/NW(p = 0.013). The odds ratio for clinical improvement was decreased by 1.08 for each 0.01 increase in VW/NW (95%CI:1.05-1.11,p = 0.01).
Conclusions: Lower VW/NW were associated with better clinical outcome 1-month post-adenoidectomy. Further randomized, prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and and explore whether interventions in this area could serve as a potential therapeutic target.
目的：呕吐器是鼻咽的重要组成部分。虽然可以观察到喉宽（VW）和鼻咽宽（NW）的变化，但它们对睡眠呼吸障碍和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（SDB-OSA）患儿腺样体切除术后预后的临床意义尚不确定。主要结果是调查大众与腺样体切除术后临床改善之间的关系。次要结果是调查大众和NW之间的可变性和相互作用。方法：这项前瞻性、盲法队列研究于2022年6月至2023年7月在一家三级医院进行。包括因SDB-OSA接受腺样体切除术的儿童。采用经口内窥镜测量VW和NW。校正后的尺子放置在肿瘤的下侧面以便直接观察，NW计算为管环体内侧边缘之间的距离。通过OSA-18调查收集临床改善情况。结果：29例患儿（平均年龄：3.5岁，IQR: 2-4, 16例[55%]男性）中，26例（89.6%）在腺样体切除术后1个月出现临床改善（ΔOSA-18评分：24.6,95%可信区间：31-(-14),p = 0.001）。平均VW为3.88 mm (IQR: 3-4)，平均NW为13.76 mm （IQR:13-14）。在单变量分析中，临床改善与60岁相关（p = 0.05）， VW/NW较低（p = 0.013）。VW/NW每增加0.01，临床改善的优势比降低1.08 （95%CI:1.05 ~ 1.11,p = 0.01）。结论：较低的VW/NW与腺样体切除术后1个月的临床结果相关。需要进一步的随机前瞻性研究来验证这些发现，并探索该领域的干预措施是否可以作为潜在的治疗靶点。
{"title":"Vomer-to-nasopharyngeal widths and post-adenoidectomy outcomes in children: A prospective blinded study.","authors":"Roee Noy, Jacob T Cohen, Arie Gordin","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The vomer is an essential component of the nasopharynx. Although variations in vomer width(VW) and nasopharyngeal width(NW) can be observed, their clinical significance on post-adenoidectomy outcomes in children with sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea(SDB-OSA) remains uncertain. The primary outcome was to investigate the association between VW and post-adenoidectomy clinical improvement. Secondary outcomes were to investigate the variability and interplay between VW and NW.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective, blinded cohort study was conducted at a tertiary hospital between 6/2022 and 7/2023. Children who underwent adenoidectomy for SDB-OSA were included. VW and NW were measured using a transoral endoscope. A calibrated ruler was positioned at the inferior aspect of the vomer for direct visualization, and the NW was calculated as the distance between the medial edges of the torus tubarius. Clinical improvement was collected using the OSA-18 survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 29 children (mean age:3.5 years, IQR: 2-4, 16[55 %] males), 26(89.6 %) showed a clinical improvement 1-month post-adenoidectomy (ΔOSA-18 score: 24.6,95 % confidence interval: 31-(-14),p = 0.001). The mean VW was 3.88 mm (IQR: 3-4), and the mean NW was 13.76 mm (IQR:13-14). In the univariable analysis, clinical improvement was associated with age <3 years(p = 0.05), non-obese children(p = 0.01), large adenoids(p = 0.01), preoperative OSA-18 score>60(p = 0.05), and lower VW/NW(p = 0.013). The odds ratio for clinical improvement was decreased by 1.08 for each 0.01 increase in VW/NW (95%CI:1.05-1.11,p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower VW/NW were associated with better clinical outcome 1-month post-adenoidectomy. Further randomized, prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and and explore whether interventions in this area could serve as a potential therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"112193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01Epub Date: 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112213
Harrington Chloe, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Hengameh Bezadpour, Espinel Alexandra, Zalzal Habib G
Objectives: To examine safety and efficacy of very young patients under the age of six who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) at our institution for the indications of either complicated acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) or chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
Methods: Retrospective cohort review of patients under six years old who underwent ESS for sinonasal pathology between 2016 and 2023 at a freestanding pediatric hospital. Age, sex, weight, diagnosis, laterality of disease, medications, types and number of surgical interventions, usage of image guidance, and outcomes were obtained from the medical record.
Results: A total of 25 patients met inclusion criteria (range 1 month-5 years). Eighteen of the patients underwent surgery for an indication of complicated ARS and 7 patients underwent surgery for CRS. Ages were separated into three categories, <1 year (n = 1), 1-3 year (n = 3), 3-6 year (n = 21). Chi squared testing between these three age groups revealed no significant differences in revision rates. There were 5 children who required revision surgery, 3 of which had CRS. Ages of the children who required revision ranged from 2 to 4 years old. There was only one surgical complication observed.
Conclusions: Endoscopic sinus surgery has been increasingly considered safe in pediatric otolaryngology, however, our database in particular focuses on a very young subset of these patients in which there were very few (one) morbidities and no mortalities. Further study of this population should be continued to determine long term outcomes; however, it should be considered safe in acute situations.
{"title":"Efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery in patients under six years old.","authors":"Harrington Chloe, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Hengameh Bezadpour, Espinel Alexandra, Zalzal Habib G","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2024.112213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine safety and efficacy of very young patients under the age of six who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) at our institution for the indications of either complicated acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) or chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective cohort review of patients under six years old who underwent ESS for sinonasal pathology between 2016 and 2023 at a freestanding pediatric hospital. Age, sex, weight, diagnosis, laterality of disease, medications, types and number of surgical interventions, usage of image guidance, and outcomes were obtained from the medical record.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 patients met inclusion criteria (range 1 month-5 years). Eighteen of the patients underwent surgery for an indication of complicated ARS and 7 patients underwent surgery for CRS. Ages were separated into three categories, <1 year (n = 1), 1-3 year (n = 3), 3-6 year (n = 21). Chi squared testing between these three age groups revealed no significant differences in revision rates. There were 5 children who required revision surgery, 3 of which had CRS. Ages of the children who required revision ranged from 2 to 4 years old. There was only one surgical complication observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Endoscopic sinus surgery has been increasingly considered safe in pediatric otolaryngology, however, our database in particular focuses on a very young subset of these patients in which there were very few (one) morbidities and no mortalities. Further study of this population should be continued to determine long term outcomes; however, it should be considered safe in acute situations.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"188 ","pages":"112213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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