Ropivacaine local injection is a preventative management option for post-adenotonsillectomy pain. The effectiveness of this approach varies depending on the time of drug administration. This study is aimed to evaluate pre-emptive effect of administration of Ropivacaine before vs. after adenotonsillectomy.
Methods
In this study, children aged 3–12 years who were diagnosed with chronic tonsillitis candidates for elective adenotonsillectomy surgery randomly assigned to one of three randomized groups. Participants in the first group got a peritonsillar injection of 3 mg/kg Ropivacaine 1 % before the surgery, patients in the second group received 3 mg/kg Ropivacaine 1 % peritonsillar injection after surgery, and patients in the control group received peritonsillar injections of 5 cc normal saline. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker Pain Scale. SPSS software was used to perform statistical analysis.
Results
Among total of 99 enrolled cases, mean age of 7.29 ± 2.61 years, participants who received Ropivacaine before surgery experienced significantly less postoperative pain four, eight, and 24 h after surgery (P = 0.001). In addition, compared to other groups, these patients consumed significantly less analgesics during postoperative hospitalization and after discharge (p < 0.001 and = 0.001 respectively).
Conclusion
Ropivacaine peritonsillar injection before adenotonsillectomy may be more beneficial than Ropivacaine injection after surgery for postoperative pain management among children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
{"title":"Comparing the effect of ropivacaine peritonsillar injection before and after adenotonsillectomy on postoperative pain among pediatric patients: A double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mohammad Faramarzi , Ashkan Panah , Peyman Hassanpourhaghighi , Fatemeh Kanaani Nejad , Naeimehossadat Asmarian , Fatemeh Khalili , Soodabeh Emami , Fatane Jamshidi , Mahsa Emadi , Niloofar Borzou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112249","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112249","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Ropivacaine local injection is a preventative management option for post-adenotonsillectomy pain. The effectiveness of this approach varies depending on the time of drug administration. This study is aimed to evaluate pre-emptive effect of administration of Ropivacaine before vs. after adenotonsillectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, children aged 3–12 years who were diagnosed with chronic tonsillitis candidates for elective adenotonsillectomy surgery randomly assigned to one of three randomized groups. Participants in the first group got a peritonsillar injection of 3 mg/kg Ropivacaine 1 % before the surgery, patients in the second group received 3 mg/kg Ropivacaine 1 % peritonsillar injection after surgery, and patients in the control group received peritonsillar injections of 5 cc normal saline. Postoperative pain was assessed using the Wong-Baker Pain Scale. SPSS software was used to perform statistical analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among total of 99 enrolled cases, mean age of 7.29 ± 2.61 years, participants who received Ropivacaine before surgery experienced significantly less postoperative pain four, eight, and 24 h after surgery (P = 0.001). In addition, compared to other groups, these patients consumed significantly less analgesics during postoperative hospitalization and after discharge (p < 0.001 and = 0.001 respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ropivacaine peritonsillar injection before adenotonsillectomy may be more beneficial than Ropivacaine injection after surgery for postoperative pain management among children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 112249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112247
Guangwei Zhou , Hannah Peterson , Jacob Brodsky
Objective
To investigate the occurrence of functional loss in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) among young children with vestibular/balance concerns and/or hearing loss.
Materials and methods
Retrospective review of 320 children, aged 3 years or under, who underwent rotary chair testing in our pediatric vestibular program. Demographic data, medical diagnosis/findings, and vestibular testing results were documented. Rotary chair outcome was used to determine the functional status of the VOR.
Results
The mean age of these children, 165 girls and 155 boys, was 1.9 years (SD = 0.9). Among these 320 children, 158 patients (49 %) had abnormal VOR findings. There were 40 cases in which video goggles could be properly fitted for recording VOR responses and 28 patients (70 %) had abnormal findings. Observational camera was used in the other 280 patients and 130 of them (46 %) had abnormal VOR findings. Probable causes of abnormal VOR included inner ear malformations, infectious diseases, neurologic involvements and genetic conditions, etc.
Conclusions
Dysfunction of VOR is significant in young children with vestibular/balance concerns and/or hearing loss. While video goggles are ideal for recording VOR responses in the rotary chair, the observational camera approach is effective for younger children who cannot wear video goggles. The outcomes of rotary chair testing can help clinicians to identify possible vestibular pathologies and recommend proper management.
{"title":"Dysfunction of vestibulo-ocular reflex in infants and toddlers","authors":"Guangwei Zhou , Hannah Peterson , Jacob Brodsky","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112247","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112247","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the occurrence of functional loss in the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) among young children with vestibular/balance concerns and/or hearing loss.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Retrospective rev<strong>iew of 320</strong> children, aged 3 years or under, who underwent rotary chair testing in our pediatric vestibular program. Demographic data, medical diagnosis/findings, and vestibular testing results were documented. Rotary chair outcome was used to determine the functional status of the VOR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of these children, 165 girls and 155 boys, was 1.9 years (SD = 0.9). Among these 320 children, 158 patients (49 %) had abnormal VOR findings. There were 40 cases in which video goggles could be properly fitted for recording VOR responses and 28 patients (70 %) had abnormal findings. Observational camera was used in the other 280 patients and 130 of them (46 %) had abnormal VOR findings. Probable causes of abnormal VOR included inner ear malformations, infectious diseases, neurologic involvements and genetic conditions, etc.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dysfunction of VOR is significant in young children with vestibular/balance concerns and/or hearing loss. While video goggles are ideal for recording VOR responses in the rotary chair, the observational camera approach is effective for younger children who cannot wear video goggles. The outcomes of rotary chair testing can help clinicians to identify possible vestibular pathologies and recommend proper management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 112247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143329698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112232
Mohammad Al-Alawneh , Wafa Al Alimi , Ahmed Barakat
Objective
The hypothesis tested was the negative impact of electronic smoke exposure on the developing of respiratory infection, specifically in the upper tract. In this study, we aimed to investigate if smoke exposure increased the number of tonsillectomy surgery in children compared to the hernia repair control group.
Methods
The design of our study was retrospective case-control. We retrospectively reviewed medical records or children of up to 12 years of age that were admitted for tonsillectomy at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) from January 2019 to December 2023 to determine exposure to both electronic and tobacco smoking. Records of hernia repair surgery children aged 12 and less at this facility were also retrospectively reviewed for both electronic and tobacco smoke exposure during the same period. Data was collected from medical records and phone call interviews with the patients and their families.
Results
A total of 743 children were included, 64 % were males. The participants were divided into two groups: 439 had recurrent tonsillitis and needed tonsillectomy, the other 304 underwent hernia repair surgery (control group). Overall, 28 % of children were exposed to electronic smoking, 29 % to tobacco smoking, and 5.9 % to both. Electronic and tobacco smoke exposure was significantly evident among the tonsillectomy group compared to the hernia group. Logistic regression analysis showed that exposure to electronic smoking (OR: 2.74) and tobacco smoking (OR: 2.47) were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of undergoing tonsillectomy. However, patients with exposure to both smoking types did not show a significant link, while the absence of any smoking exposure was significantly associated to lower odds of tonsillectomy.
Conclusion
Children who underwent tonsillectomy had a higher likelihood of being exposed to tobacco or electronic smoking compared to children in the hernia repair surgery group.
{"title":"Prevalence of electronic smoking exposure and tonsillectomy surgery in children","authors":"Mohammad Al-Alawneh , Wafa Al Alimi , Ahmed Barakat","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The hypothesis tested was the negative impact of electronic smoke exposure on the developing of respiratory infection, specifically in the upper tract. In this study, we aimed to investigate if smoke exposure increased the number of tonsillectomy surgery in children compared to the hernia repair control group.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The design of our study was retrospective case-control. We retrospectively reviewed medical records or children of up to 12 years of age that were admitted for tonsillectomy at King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH) from January 2019 to December 2023 to determine exposure to both electronic and tobacco smoking. Records of hernia repair surgery children aged 12 and less at this facility were also retrospectively reviewed for both electronic and tobacco smoke exposure during the same period. Data was collected from medical records and phone call interviews with the patients and their families.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 743 children were included, 64 % were males. The participants were divided into two groups: 439 had recurrent tonsillitis and needed tonsillectomy, the other 304 underwent hernia repair surgery (control group). Overall, 28 % of children were exposed to electronic smoking, 29 % to tobacco smoking, and 5.9 % to both. Electronic and tobacco smoke exposure was significantly evident among the tonsillectomy group compared to the hernia group. Logistic regression analysis showed that exposure to electronic smoking (OR: 2.74) and tobacco smoking (OR: 2.47) were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of undergoing tonsillectomy. However, patients with exposure to both smoking types did not show a significant link, while the absence of any smoking exposure was significantly associated to lower odds of tonsillectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Children who underwent tonsillectomy had a higher likelihood of being exposed to tobacco or electronic smoking compared to children in the hernia repair surgery group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112229
Laura Flach Schwade , Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen , Pricila Sleifer
Objective
To describe and compare the latencies and amplitudes of Mismatch Negativity between children with and without Developmental Dyslexia.
Methods
Cross-sectional and comparative study, consisting of a study group of 52 children with Developmental Dyslexia and a control group of 52 children with typical development, matched by age and sex, aged between 9 years and 11 years and 11 months of both sexes. All participants underwent Otoscopy, Acoustic Immittance Measurements, Pure Tone Audiometry, Speech Audiometry, Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential and Mismatch Negativity.
Results
It was verified a statistically significant difference when comparing Mismatch Negativity latencies between the groups, with higher values for children with Developmental Dyslexia (p = 0.012). However, there was no statistically significant difference in Mismatch Negativity amplitudes between the groups studied.
Conclusion
The results suggest that children with Developmental Dyslexia may present difficulties in auditory processing and discrimination skills compared to children with typical development.
{"title":"Mismatch negativity in children with developmental Dyslexia","authors":"Laura Flach Schwade , Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen , Pricila Sleifer","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe and compare the latencies and amplitudes of Mismatch Negativity between children with and without Developmental Dyslexia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional and comparative study, consisting of a study group of 52 children with Developmental Dyslexia and a control group of 52 children with typical development, matched by age and sex, aged between 9 years and 11 years and 11 months of both sexes. All participants underwent Otoscopy, Acoustic Immittance Measurements, Pure Tone Audiometry, Speech Audiometry, Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential and Mismatch Negativity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was verified a statistically significant difference when comparing Mismatch Negativity latencies between the groups, with higher values for children with Developmental Dyslexia (p = 0.012). However, there was no statistically significant difference in Mismatch Negativity amplitudes between the groups studied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results suggest that children with Developmental Dyslexia may present difficulties in auditory processing and discrimination skills compared to children with typical development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112214
Emel Arslan-Sarımehmetoğlu , Mustafa Yüksel
Objectives
This study aims to evaluate musical pitch and timbre perception in children who stutter and compare the results with typically developing children.
Methods
A total of 50 participants were included in the study, consisting of 25 children with stuttering (mean age = 10.06 years; range 6–17 years) and 25 typically developing children (mean age = 10.38 years; range 7–16 years). Participants were administered Pitch Direction Discrimination (PDD) and Timbre Recognition (TR) tests in the original form of The Clinical Assessment of Music Perception. Both subtests were administered in a quiet room, and the children used headphones to receive auditory stimuli.
Results
The mean PDD score of the stuttering group was 3.60 semitones (SD = 2.71), while the mean score of the typically developing children was 2.26 semitones (SD = 1.43). In the TR test, the mean accuracy of the stuttering group was 53.17 % (SD = 21.69), while the mean accuracy of the typically developing children were 65.33 % (SD = 19.64). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant in the PDD (t(48) = 2.17, p = 0.03) and TR (t(48) = −2.08, p = 0.04) tests.
Conclusions
The study found that children who stuttered had poorer pitch and timbre musical perception skills than age-matched peers who were typically developing children. The lower success rates of the stuttering group on both tests may indicate general deficits in auditory processing, which could be related to attention and short-term memory processing.
{"title":"Musical pitch and timbre perception in stuttering children","authors":"Emel Arslan-Sarımehmetoğlu , Mustafa Yüksel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate musical pitch and timbre perception in children who stutter and compare the results with typically developing children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 50 participants were included in the study, consisting of 25 children with stuttering (mean age = 10.06 years; range 6–17 years) and 25 typically developing children (mean age = 10.38 years; range 7–16 years). Participants were administered Pitch Direction Discrimination (PDD) and Timbre Recognition (TR) tests in the original form of The Clinical Assessment of Music Perception. Both subtests were administered in a quiet room, and the children used headphones to receive auditory stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean PDD score of the stuttering group was 3.60 semitones (SD = 2.71), while the mean score of the typically developing children was 2.26 semitones (SD = 1.43). In the TR test, the mean accuracy of the stuttering group was 53.17 % (SD = 21.69), while the mean accuracy of the typically developing children were 65.33 % (SD = 19.64). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant in the PDD (t(48) = 2.17, p = 0.03) and TR (t(48) = −2.08, p = 0.04) tests.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study found that children who stuttered had poorer pitch and timbre musical perception skills than age-matched peers who were typically developing children. The lower success rates of the stuttering group on both tests may indicate general deficits in auditory processing, which could be related to attention and short-term memory processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143352952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112228
Oznur Cavus Kocagul , Merve Meral Cetinkaya
Objective
The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attitudes and language development in preschool children with cochlear implants. In addition, the study aimed to examine parental attitudes in relation to socio-demographic and cochlear implant related variables.
Methods
This study is based on the relational survey model. A total of 47 children aged 2–5 years, 23 girls and 24 boys, and one of their parents were included in the study. Test of Early Language Development Test-3-Turkish Adaptation was applied to measure the language development levels of the children. In order to determine parental attitudes, 5-point Likert-type Parental Attitude Scale consisting of 46 items was completed by the parents.
Results
Democratic attitudes were found to be the most common type of parental attitude (4.33 ± 0.45). Significance was found for overprotective parental attitudes according to cochlear implant age and economic income level. Statistically significant, moderate negative correlation was found between overprotective parental attitude scores and receptive language, expressive language, and composite verbal language scores (r: 0.401; r: 0.337; r: 0.390; p < 0.05, respectively).
Conclusion
It was concluded that there was a relationship between overprotective parental attitude and language skills of preschool children with cochlear implants. Overprotective parental attitudes were significantly associated with cochlear implant age and economic income level, with earlier cochlear implant age and higher income correlating with less overprotection.
{"title":"Evaluation of relationship between the language development and parental attitudes in children with cochlear implant","authors":"Oznur Cavus Kocagul , Merve Meral Cetinkaya","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between parental attitudes and language development in preschool children with cochlear implants. In addition, the study aimed to examine parental attitudes in relation to socio-demographic and cochlear implant related variables.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is based on the relational survey model. A total of 47 children aged 2–5 years, 23 girls and 24 boys, and one of their parents were included in the study. Test of Early Language Development Test-3-Turkish Adaptation was applied to measure the language development levels of the children. In order to determine parental attitudes, 5-point Likert-type Parental Attitude Scale consisting of 46 items was completed by the parents.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Democratic attitudes were found to be the most common type of parental attitude (4.33 ± 0.45). Significance was found for overprotective parental attitudes according to cochlear implant age and economic income level. Statistically significant, moderate negative correlation was found between overprotective parental attitude scores and receptive language, expressive language, and composite verbal language scores (r: 0.401; r: 0.337; r: 0.390; p < 0.05, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It was concluded that there was a relationship between overprotective parental attitude and language skills of preschool children with cochlear implants. Overprotective parental attitudes were significantly associated with cochlear implant age and economic income level, with earlier cochlear implant age and higher income correlating with less overprotection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112237
Anna Miles , Sarah Wallace , Louise Bax , Melissa Keesing , Louise Edwards , Vicky Thorpe
Purpose
Speech-language Therapists (SLTs) are specialists in communication, feeding and swallowing as core members of the paediatric tracheostomy multidisciplinary team (MDT). Inconsistent tracheostomy care leads to staff and family frustration and delayed intervention. Little is known about international SLT tracheostomy practices.
Methods
This global survey explored training, clinical practices, perceived knowledge, skills and roles, and barriers for SLTs working with paediatric tracheostomy. Survey questions consisted of Likert scale and open-ended questions. 92 SLTs completed the survey representing 6 continents and 19 countries.
Results
Overall SLTs were confident in their knowledge of communication, and feeding but less confident in weaning, tracheostomy care skills (such as suctioning and cuff deflation) and specialist tracheostomy tube use (such as tracheostomy tubes with a subglottic suction port). Formal competency training was infrequent but most had access to supervision. Understanding of the SLT role by the MDT was perceived as good. Many felt managing one-way speaking valves was part of their role. The majority reported staffing, lack of guidelines and access to resources (one-way speaking valves and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing) as barriers.
Conclusions
This expert opinion paper summarises the current evidence-base and international paediatric tracheostomy practice. SLTs were experienced and confident in tracheostomy. The SLT role varies internationally with a lack of formal written policy to guide practice and a variability in access to education.
{"title":"Children with a tracheostomy: Global speech-language therapists' practice","authors":"Anna Miles , Sarah Wallace , Louise Bax , Melissa Keesing , Louise Edwards , Vicky Thorpe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Speech-language Therapists (SLTs) are specialists in communication, feeding and swallowing as core members of the paediatric tracheostomy multidisciplinary team (MDT). Inconsistent tracheostomy care leads to staff and family frustration and delayed intervention. Little is known about international SLT tracheostomy practices.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This global survey explored training, clinical practices, perceived knowledge, skills and roles, and barriers for SLTs working with paediatric tracheostomy. Survey questions consisted of Likert scale and open-ended questions. 92 SLTs completed the survey representing 6 continents and 19 countries.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall SLTs were confident in their knowledge of communication, and feeding but less confident in weaning, tracheostomy care skills (such as suctioning and cuff deflation) and specialist tracheostomy tube use (such as tracheostomy tubes with a subglottic suction port). Formal competency training was infrequent but most had access to supervision. Understanding of the SLT role by the MDT was perceived as good. Many felt managing one-way speaking valves was part of their role. The majority reported staffing, lack of guidelines and access to resources (one-way speaking valves and flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing) as barriers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This expert opinion paper summarises the current evidence-base and international paediatric tracheostomy practice. SLTs were experienced and confident in tracheostomy. The SLT role varies internationally with a lack of formal written policy to guide practice and a variability in access to education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143065667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112216
Shraddha Mukerji , Joshua Bedwell , Ava Berrier , Carolyn Chen , Kathleen Hosek , Rahul G. Baijal
Purpose
The primary objective was to determine any difference in perioperative respiratory complications in children undergoing intracapsular tonsillectomy versus those undergoing total tonsillectomy for sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea.
Methods
All children undergoing total tonsillectomy from November 2015 to December 2017 and intracapsular tonsillectomy from May 2016 to July 2020 for sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea were included in the study.
Results
2408 patients underwent total tonsillectomy whereas 410 patients underwent intracapsular tonsillectomy. The incidence of major respiratory complications was 13.9 % for intracapsular tonsillectomy and 8.9 % for total tonsillectomy in an unmatched cohort and 13.8 % for intracapsular tonsillectomy and 10.5 % for total tonsillectomy in a matched cohort. Surgical technique was not significant for both major (OR:0.969, 95 % CI:0.596–1.573, p = 0.8979) and minor (OR 0.9, 95 % CI:0.431–1.878, p = 0.7785) respiratory complications in the unmatched cohort and also not significant for major (OR:0.996, 95 % CI:0.353 2.809, p = 0.9944) and minor (OR:1.5, 95 % CI:0.66–3.612, p = 0.31) respiratory complications in the matched cohort. Factors associated with an increased incidence of major perioperative respiratory complications in the unmatched cohort included race (Black or African American) (OR:1.768, 95 % CI:1.298–2.409, p = 0.0038), reactive airway disease (OR:1.814, 95 % CI:1.39–2.367, p=<0.0001), and an upper respiratory infection (OR:1.631, 95 % CI:1.095–2.431, p = 0.0161) whereas reactive airway disease (OR:3.596,95 % CI:1.217–10.621, p=<0.0206), an upper respiratory infection (OR:5.779, 95 % CI:1.392–23.99, p = 0.0157), and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OR:4.174, 95 % CI:1.242–14.025, p = 0.0208) were significant in the matched cohort.
Conclusion
There was no difference in perioperative respiratory complications in children undergoing intracapsular tonsillectomy versus total tonsillectomy.
目的：主要目的是确定因睡眠呼吸障碍或阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停而接受囊内扁桃体切除术的儿童与接受全扁桃体切除术的儿童围手术期呼吸并发症的差异。方法：纳入2015年11月至2017年12月、2016年5月至2020年7月因睡眠呼吸障碍或阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停而接受全扁桃体切除术和囊内扁桃体切除术的所有儿童。结果：2408例患者行全扁桃体切除术，410例患者行囊内扁桃体切除术。在未匹配队列中，囊内扁桃体切除术和全扁桃体切除术的主要呼吸系统并发症发生率分别为13.9%和8.9%；在匹配队列中，囊内扁桃体切除术和全扁桃体切除术的发生率分别为13.8%和10.5%。手术技术对非匹配组中严重（OR:0.969, 95% CI:0.596-1.573, p = 0.8979）和轻微（OR:0.9, 95% CI:0.431-1.878, p = 0.7785）呼吸并发症的影响均无统计学意义，对匹配组中严重（OR:0.996, 95% CI:0.353 - 2.809, p = 0.9944）和轻微（OR:1.5, 95% CI:0.66-3.612, p = 0.31）呼吸并发症的影响也无统计学意义。在未匹配队列中，与主要围手术期呼吸并发症发生率增加相关的因素包括种族（黑人或非裔美国人）（or:1.768, 95% CI:1.298-2.409, p= 0.0038），反应性气道疾病(or:1.814, 95% CI:1.39-2.367, p=结论：接受囊内扁桃体切除术与全扁桃体切除术的儿童围手术期呼吸并发症无差异。
{"title":"Perioperative respiratory complications in intracapsular tonsillectomy and total tonsillectomy: Is there a difference?","authors":"Shraddha Mukerji , Joshua Bedwell , Ava Berrier , Carolyn Chen , Kathleen Hosek , Rahul G. Baijal","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The primary objective was to determine any difference in perioperative respiratory complications in children undergoing intracapsular tonsillectomy versus those undergoing total tonsillectomy for sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All children undergoing total tonsillectomy from November 2015 to December 2017 and intracapsular tonsillectomy from May 2016 to July 2020 for sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea were included in the study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>2408 patients underwent total tonsillectomy whereas 410 patients underwent intracapsular tonsillectomy. The incidence of major respiratory complications was 13.9 % for intracapsular tonsillectomy and 8.9 % for total tonsillectomy in an unmatched cohort and 13.8 % for intracapsular tonsillectomy and 10.5 % for total tonsillectomy in a matched cohort. Surgical technique was not significant for both major (OR:0.969, 95 % CI:0.596–1.573, p = 0.8979) and minor (OR 0.9, 95 % CI:0.431–1.878, p = 0.7785) respiratory complications in the unmatched cohort and also not significant for major (OR:0.996, 95 % CI:0.353 2.809, p = 0.9944) and minor (OR:1.5, 95 % CI:0.66–3.612, p = 0.31) respiratory complications in the matched cohort. Factors associated with an increased incidence of major perioperative respiratory complications in the unmatched cohort included race (Black or African American) (OR:1.768, 95 % CI:1.298–2.409, p = 0.0038), reactive airway disease (OR:1.814, 95 % CI:1.39–2.367, p=<0.0001), and an upper respiratory infection (OR:1.631, 95 % CI:1.095–2.431, p = 0.0161) whereas reactive airway disease (OR:3.596,95 % CI:1.217–10.621, p=<0.0206), an upper respiratory infection (OR:5.779, 95 % CI:1.392–23.99, p = 0.0157), and the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OR:4.174, 95 % CI:1.242–14.025, p = 0.0208) were significant in the matched cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There was no difference in perioperative respiratory complications in children undergoing intracapsular tonsillectomy versus total tonsillectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112233
Zeynep Ozgur , Dillon Strepay , Mustafa Husein , Shaarav Ghose , Maximilian Dawson , Anita Jeyakumar
Objectives
Define the extent to which pathogenic GJB2 (gap junction beta-2) variants are responsible for non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in the Asian population.
Methods
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed's MEDLINE were accessed from 1997 to 2023 using permutations of the MeSH terms: “Asian,” ‘‘Southeast Asian,’’ “South Asian,” “East Asian,” “Southeastern Asian,” and “GJB2.” Additionally, all countries within the Indian subcontinent, Far East, and Southeast Asia, were included as key terms. Exclusion criteria included non-English publications, a non-Asian study population (per US Office of Management and Budget), and literature not investigating GJB2. An allele frequency analysis of pathogenic GJB2 variants in the Asian population was performed and stratified by country of origin.
Results
One thousand one hundred and forty-one unique studies were identified, of which 420 met our inclusion criteria during the abstract screen. One hundred and ninety-five studies were included in the systematic review after full-text screen. Over 45 pathogenic variants were identified across 11 countries within the Indian subcontinent, Far East, and Southeast Asia. A total of 4,220,591 people from over 30 ethnic groups were included with ages ranging from 0 to 97 years. Of those with reported demographic information, 50 % (221,336/445,813) were female and 50 % (224,477/445,813) were male. The prevalence of pathogenic GJB2 variants varied by country, with common variants including c.235del; p.Leu79Cysfs∗3, c.109G > A; p.Val37Ile, and c.299_300del; p.His100Argfs∗14.
Conclusion
Variation in the prevalence of pathogenic GJB2 variants is likely due to the wide diversity of ancestral contributions in the Asian population. There are limited studies on the prevalence of GJB2 variants particularly for countries within the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Additional studies on the prevalence of GJB2 variants in these countries as well as ethnic sub-groups may be helpful in the development of assays for high throughput diagnosis for patients with hereditary hearing loss.
{"title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of pathogenic GJB2 variants in the Asian population","authors":"Zeynep Ozgur , Dillon Strepay , Mustafa Husein , Shaarav Ghose , Maximilian Dawson , Anita Jeyakumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Define the extent to which pathogenic <em>GJB2</em> (gap junction beta-2) variants are responsible for non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in the Asian population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. CINAHL, Embase, and PubMed's MEDLINE were accessed from 1997 to 2023 using permutations of the MeSH terms: “Asian,” ‘‘Southeast Asian,’’ “South Asian,” “East Asian,” “Southeastern Asian,” and “GJB2.” Additionally, all countries within the Indian subcontinent, Far East, and Southeast Asia, were included as key terms. Exclusion criteria included non-English publications, a non-Asian study population (per US Office of Management and Budget), and literature not investigating <em>GJB2</em>. An allele frequency analysis of pathogenic <em>GJB2</em> variants in the Asian population was performed and stratified by country of origin.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One thousand one hundred and forty-one unique studies were identified, of which 420 met our inclusion criteria during the abstract screen. One hundred and ninety-five studies were included in the systematic review after full-text screen. Over 45 pathogenic variants were identified across 11 countries within the Indian subcontinent, Far East, and Southeast Asia. A total of 4,220,591 people from over 30 ethnic groups were included with ages ranging from 0 to 97 years. Of those with reported demographic information, 50 % (221,336/445,813) were female and 50 % (224,477/445,813) were male. The prevalence of pathogenic <em>GJB2</em> variants varied by country, with common variants including c.235del; p.Leu79Cysfs∗3, c.109G > A; p.Val37Ile, and c.299_300del; p.His100Argfs∗14.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Variation in the prevalence of pathogenic <em>GJB2</em> variants is likely due to the wide diversity of ancestral contributions in the Asian population. There are limited studies on the prevalence of <em>GJB2</em> variants particularly for countries within the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. Additional studies on the prevalence of <em>GJB2</em> variants in these countries as well as ethnic sub-groups may be helpful in the development of assays for high throughput diagnosis for patients with hereditary hearing loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143038860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112215
Elizabeth Della Colette , Carlos Alberto Leite Filho , Camila Maia Rabelo , Frank Musiek , Eliane Schochat
Objective
the present study aimed to investigate the applicability and feasibility of a new paradigm for assessing sound lateralization behavior.
Design
The Click Ordering Lateralization Test comprises two tracks (tracks 1 and 2), with 54 trials each. Each trial consists of one of nine intervals ranging from 0 to 230 ms between two noise bursts, whereby subjects must indicate on which side they first heard the noise. The COLT procedure was applied to 30 normal-hearing children (between 8 and 14 years old).
Results
the results indicated that an interaural time difference (ITD) of 0 ms functions as a control item, and after an ITD of 170 ms, the lateralization threshold reaches a ceiling effect. Different analysis methods were investigated in this study, with the total percentage score and a lateralization threshold of 5 hits deemed the most reliable methods. No differences were observed between test tracks and performance across the tracks was shown to be reliable and equivalent.
Conclusions
there are few procedures available to assess sound laterization in a clinical setting. This study presents the COLT as an easy-to-apply, reliable test for use in children aged between 8 and 14 years old.
{"title":"Click Ordering Lateralization Test: Applicability and feasibility of a new paradigm for assessing sound lateralization behavior","authors":"Elizabeth Della Colette , Carlos Alberto Leite Filho , Camila Maia Rabelo , Frank Musiek , Eliane Schochat","doi":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijporl.2025.112215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>the present study aimed to investigate the applicability and feasibility of a new paradigm for assessing sound lateralization behavior.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>The Click Ordering Lateralization Test comprises two tracks (tracks 1 and 2), with 54 trials each. Each trial consists of one of nine intervals ranging from 0 to 230 ms between two noise bursts, whereby subjects must indicate on which side they first heard the noise. The COLT procedure was applied to 30 normal-hearing children (between 8 and 14 years old).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>the results indicated that an interaural time difference (ITD) of 0 ms functions as a control item, and after an ITD of 170 ms, the lateralization threshold reaches a ceiling effect. Different analysis methods were investigated in this study, with the total percentage score and a lateralization threshold of 5 hits deemed the most reliable methods. No differences were observed between test tracks and performance across the tracks was shown to be reliable and equivalent.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>there are few procedures available to assess sound laterization in a clinical setting. This study presents the COLT as an easy-to-apply, reliable test for use in children aged between 8 and 14 years old.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14388,"journal":{"name":"International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 112215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143352953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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