Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.38
Dr. Parveen Banu M, D. Cs, Dr. Chidambaranathan S
Background: Febrile seizures are the most common seizures that occur in 2 to 5% of neurologically healthy children in the age group of 6 – 60 months. There is an increased risk of febrile seizures in Children with iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia is also associated with impaired neurocognitive functions. Our study compares the haematological parameters in children with febrile seizures. Methods: The study is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Children admitted with first episode of febrile seizures in the age group of 660 months were included in study group. Total of 50 children were enrolled in the study. Duration of study was one year. Haemoglobin levels, Red Blood Cell indices and serum ferritin were studied among the children and statistically analysed. Results: The study showed that haemoglobin levels, RBC indices particularly Mean Corpuscular Volume( MCV) was low in 100% and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) was increased in 96% of children with low ferritin levels depicting iron deficiency anaemia, which in turn is a risk factor for febrile seizures. Conclusion: The study concluded that among the RBC indices, RDW and MCV values well correlated with serum ferritin levels in detecting iron deficiency anaemia in children with first episode of febrile seizures.
{"title":"Correlation of serum ferritin levels and RBC indices in children with febrile seizures","authors":"Dr. Parveen Banu M, D. Cs, Dr. Chidambaranathan S","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Febrile seizures are the most common seizures that occur in 2 to 5% of neurologically healthy children in the age group of 6 – 60 months. There is an increased risk of febrile seizures in Children with iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia is also associated with impaired neurocognitive functions. Our study compares the haematological parameters in children with febrile seizures. Methods: The study is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Children admitted with first episode of febrile seizures in the age group of 660 months were included in study group. Total of 50 children were enrolled in the study. Duration of study was one year. Haemoglobin levels, Red Blood Cell indices and serum ferritin were studied among the children and statistically analysed. Results: The study showed that haemoglobin levels, RBC indices particularly Mean Corpuscular Volume( MCV) was low in 100% and Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) was increased in 96% of children with low ferritin levels depicting iron deficiency anaemia, which in turn is a risk factor for febrile seizures. Conclusion: The study concluded that among the RBC indices, RDW and MCV values well correlated with serum ferritin levels in detecting iron deficiency anaemia in children with first episode of febrile seizures.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130188827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.46
A. Abraham, A. Mourya
Maintenance of lactation during adverse neonatal conditions is a challenge to every NICU mother and expressed breast milk is vital for the recovery of majority of NICU babies. Therefore ensuring adequate quantity of expressed breast milk is a great responsibility that lies with NICU professionals. Many adjuvant techniques are proved to be cost effective in improving the quantity of expressed breast milk. However adjuvant methods for expression of breast milk are underutilised in many of the healthcare settings and these practices needs to be strengthened.
{"title":"Review article: Effect of traditional breast stimulation techniques on lactation outcomes","authors":"A. Abraham, A. Mourya","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.46","url":null,"abstract":"Maintenance of lactation during adverse neonatal conditions is a challenge to every NICU mother and expressed breast milk is vital for the recovery of majority of NICU babies. Therefore ensuring adequate quantity of expressed breast milk is a great responsibility that lies with NICU professionals. Many adjuvant techniques are proved to be cost effective in improving the quantity of expressed breast milk. However adjuvant methods for expression of breast milk are underutilised in many of the healthcare settings and these practices needs to be strengthened.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124068076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.36
Debasish Nanda, S. Jhajra, S. Goel, S. Nangia, J. Mohanty
Background: Respiratory distress continues to be a significant cause of admission to the NICU. It also contributes significantly to morbidity and adverse outcome during the clinical course of the disease. Advances in the field of neonatal care like the use of antenatal corticosteroids, CPAP and noninvasive Ventilation, surfactant, gentle mechanical ventilation, a better understanding of the disease process and early enteral nutrition have resulted in improved survival of premature neonates. Methods: This was a prospective observational study done between January 2015 and September 2016 in a tertiary care NICU which included 209 preterm neonates between 26 weeks to 34 weeks of gestation with respiratory distress. The demographic, clinical, treatment profile and outcome were documented till discharge or death. Result: Out of 209, nearly 61% of the admitted neonates received any course of antenatal corticosteroid. About 43% of the infants had one of the antenatal risk factors for early-onset sepsis. Overall survival was 72.7%. CPAP was used as the primary mode of respiratory support in 88% of cases and the incidence of CPAP failure within 7 days was 29.6%. Almost 56% of neonates required surfactant therapy. INSURE method was used for surfactant administration in 80% cases. The failure rate of the INSURE method of surfactant administration was 27.1% and 37.5% at 72 hours and 7 days of life respectively. Sepsis was the commonest complication and accounted for nearly two-thirds of the mortality. The most common morbidity was sepsis (64.6%) followed by hemodynamically significant patent Ductus Arteriosus (25.8%). The culture positivity rate was 9.6% and Klebsiella was the most common organism isolated (45%). Nearly 11.5% of all cases developed any grade of IVH and 5.7% cases had severe IVH (IVH grade ≥ 3). About 11.5% of the cases had NEC of any stage and nearly one-third of these cases had NEC stage ≥ 2. Retinopathy of prematurity was identified in 6.2% of all cases and nearly 47% of these infants required therapy. Only 7.2% of the cases required oxygen therapy beyond 36 weeks PMA. Conclusion: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure is a safe and effective mode of respiratory support in preterm neonates with respiratory distress with a failure rate of around 30%. Nearly onethird of neonates who receive INSURE method of surfactant administration may subsequently require mechanical ventilation.
{"title":"Clinical profile and outcome of premature neonates with respiratory distress syndrome: An experience from a tertiary care neonatal unit in Delhi","authors":"Debasish Nanda, S. Jhajra, S. Goel, S. Nangia, J. Mohanty","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.36","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory distress continues to be a significant cause of admission to the NICU. It also contributes significantly to morbidity and adverse outcome during the clinical course of the disease. Advances in the field of neonatal care like the use of antenatal corticosteroids, CPAP and noninvasive Ventilation, surfactant, gentle mechanical ventilation, a better understanding of the disease process and early enteral nutrition have resulted in improved survival of premature neonates. Methods: This was a prospective observational study done between January 2015 and September 2016 in a tertiary care NICU which included 209 preterm neonates between 26 weeks to 34 weeks of gestation with respiratory distress. The demographic, clinical, treatment profile and outcome were documented till discharge or death. Result: Out of 209, nearly 61% of the admitted neonates received any course of antenatal corticosteroid. About 43% of the infants had one of the antenatal risk factors for early-onset sepsis. Overall survival was 72.7%. CPAP was used as the primary mode of respiratory support in 88% of cases and the incidence of CPAP failure within 7 days was 29.6%. Almost 56% of neonates required surfactant therapy. INSURE method was used for surfactant administration in 80% cases. The failure rate of the INSURE method of surfactant administration was 27.1% and 37.5% at 72 hours and 7 days of life respectively. Sepsis was the commonest complication and accounted for nearly two-thirds of the mortality. The most common morbidity was sepsis (64.6%) followed by hemodynamically significant patent Ductus Arteriosus (25.8%). The culture positivity rate was 9.6% and Klebsiella was the most common organism isolated (45%). Nearly 11.5% of all cases developed any grade of IVH and 5.7% cases had severe IVH (IVH grade ≥ 3). About 11.5% of the cases had NEC of any stage and nearly one-third of these cases had NEC stage ≥ 2. Retinopathy of prematurity was identified in 6.2% of all cases and nearly 47% of these infants required therapy. Only 7.2% of the cases required oxygen therapy beyond 36 weeks PMA. Conclusion: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure is a safe and effective mode of respiratory support in preterm neonates with respiratory distress with a failure rate of around 30%. Nearly onethird of neonates who receive INSURE method of surfactant administration may subsequently require mechanical ventilation.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129172459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.47
Madhuvan Gupta, Mohit Gupta, G. Singh
Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality under five-yearold children globally. WHO developed and disseminated a simple case definition for identification and treatment of pneumonia, which could be used by field-workers in resource poor settings. Materials and Methods: This prospective and cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology, N.C. Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, India, over a period of one year from May 2018 to April 2019. Total 150 children below 5 years of age were included in the study. Results: Total 150 cases examined in the study out of which 46% children belonged to 0-1 year of age, 32.67% 1-2 years and 21.33% children from 2-5 years. Males were 66% and females 34%. 147 (98%) children had fever history, 150 (100%) children had cough, tachypnea and chest in drawing which were the most common symptom observed in the study, followed by inability to take food or refusal was observed in 61 (40.67%) children, hepato splenomegaly was observed in 33 (22%). Severity of the disease was recorded according to WHO classification, severe pneumonia was observed in 94 (62.67%) and very severe pneumonia was observed in 56 (37.33%) Blood cultures were positive in 22.67% children (22.67%) and nasopharyngeal aspirates were positive in 36.67% children. The most common organism isolated from blood and nasopharyngeal culture was Staphylococcus aureus (10.67%) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (4.67%). Conclusions: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus predominate in blood culture and nasopharyngeal aspirates respectively. Our study highlights the use of blood culture and nasopharyngeal aspirates culture to confirm the bacterial pathogens of pneumonia.
{"title":"Clinico-microbiological study of severe pneumonia in below five years age of children","authors":"Madhuvan Gupta, Mohit Gupta, G. Singh","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.47","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality under five-yearold children globally. WHO developed and disseminated a simple case definition for identification and treatment of pneumonia, which could be used by field-workers in resource poor settings. Materials and Methods: This prospective and cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology, N.C. Medical College and Hospital, Israna, Panipat, India, over a period of one year from May 2018 to April 2019. Total 150 children below 5 years of age were included in the study. Results: Total 150 cases examined in the study out of which 46% children belonged to 0-1 year of age, 32.67% 1-2 years and 21.33% children from 2-5 years. Males were 66% and females 34%. 147 (98%) children had fever history, 150 (100%) children had cough, tachypnea and chest in drawing which were the most common symptom observed in the study, followed by inability to take food or refusal was observed in 61 (40.67%) children, hepato splenomegaly was observed in 33 (22%). Severity of the disease was recorded according to WHO classification, severe pneumonia was observed in 94 (62.67%) and very severe pneumonia was observed in 56 (37.33%) Blood cultures were positive in 22.67% children (22.67%) and nasopharyngeal aspirates were positive in 36.67% children. The most common organism isolated from blood and nasopharyngeal culture was Staphylococcus aureus (10.67%) followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (4.67%). Conclusions: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus predominate in blood culture and nasopharyngeal aspirates respectively. Our study highlights the use of blood culture and nasopharyngeal aspirates culture to confirm the bacterial pathogens of pneumonia.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114676894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.48
Shajahan Ra, D. Manuel
Introduction: The prevalence of febrile seizures in children is around 2% to 5% and in general they resolve completely and have excellent prognosis. They necessitate hospital admission so as to rule out other causes of seizures. Aim of the study: To study the prevalence of febrile seizures in children in one month to six years of age. Materials and methods: This was a prospective hospital based observational study in which children aged one month to six years, admitted for febrile seizures were studied. The patient demographics, prevalence of seizures, types of seizures and the likely source of infection was looked for. Results: There were a total of 62 patients in the specified age group. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Most number of the cases (50%) were seen in the 1 month to 2 years of age group. Typical febrile seizures (66.1%) were common than the atypical ones (33.8%). History of recurrent seizure was present in 11 (17.7%) cases. Febrile seizures were most common (33.8%) in the cases admitted for upper respiratory tract infections. Conclusion: Simple febrile seizure is a common self-limiting disorder in young children and often has spontaneous resolution. It may recur in a few cases. Patient admission to rule out other causes of seizures, creating awareness in parents and counselling for regular follow up are important.
{"title":"Febrile seizures prevalence in children","authors":"Shajahan Ra, D. Manuel","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.48","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The prevalence of febrile seizures in children is around 2% to 5% and in general they resolve completely and have excellent prognosis. They necessitate hospital admission so as to rule out other causes of seizures. Aim of the study: To study the prevalence of febrile seizures in children in one month to six years of age. Materials and methods: This was a prospective hospital based observational study in which children aged one month to six years, admitted for febrile seizures were studied. The patient demographics, prevalence of seizures, types of seizures and the likely source of infection was looked for. Results: There were a total of 62 patients in the specified age group. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. Most number of the cases (50%) were seen in the 1 month to 2 years of age group. Typical febrile seizures (66.1%) were common than the atypical ones (33.8%). History of recurrent seizure was present in 11 (17.7%) cases. Febrile seizures were most common (33.8%) in the cases admitted for upper respiratory tract infections. Conclusion: Simple febrile seizure is a common self-limiting disorder in young children and often has spontaneous resolution. It may recur in a few cases. Patient admission to rule out other causes of seizures, creating awareness in parents and counselling for regular follow up are important.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123089481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.43
N. K. Makwana
Objective: Assess severity with different asthma scores, correlate PEFR & Spo2 with clinical scores. Methods: Prospective study done at tertiary hospital including 100 asthma children. Clinical asthma evaluation score (D.W.), Pulmonary index (Becker) & Pulmonary score (Sharon smith) with Spo2 &PEFR measured initially & 1 hour after treatment. Acute severe asthma on presentation & no significant improvement after 1 hour of Rx were admitted. Results: In W.D, 1(100%), 8(100%) & 54/91(59.3%) with score>7, 6-7& 0-5 respectively admitted. In P.I.16 (100%), 45/63(71.42%) & 2/21(9.5%) with score >6, 4-6& 0-3respectively admitted. In P.S. 11(100%), 49/65(75.38%) & 3/24(12.5%) with score>6, 4-6&0-3 respectively admitted. No patients with PEFR>= 80% admitted. All patients with SPO2<=90% admitted. Coefficient of correlation between PEFR &score W.D., P.I. & P.S. IS -0.65, -0.64 & -0.66 respectively. Coeff. of correlation between SPO2 & score W.D., P.I. & P.S. is 0.68, 0.67 & 0.62 respectively. Conclusion: PEFR have significant negative correlation with scores. But pulmonary score is easy to perform & doesn’t require laboratory assistance. SPO2 show significant negative correlation with scores.
{"title":"Evaluation of asthma with special reference to asthma evaluation score","authors":"N. K. Makwana","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.43","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Assess severity with different asthma scores, correlate PEFR & Spo2 with clinical scores. Methods: Prospective study done at tertiary hospital including 100 asthma children. Clinical asthma evaluation score (D.W.), Pulmonary index (Becker) & Pulmonary score (Sharon smith) with Spo2 &PEFR measured initially & 1 hour after treatment. Acute severe asthma on presentation & no significant improvement after 1 hour of Rx were admitted. Results: In W.D, 1(100%), 8(100%) & 54/91(59.3%) with score>7, 6-7& 0-5 respectively admitted. In P.I.16 (100%), 45/63(71.42%) & 2/21(9.5%) with score >6, 4-6& 0-3respectively admitted. In P.S. 11(100%), 49/65(75.38%) & 3/24(12.5%) with score>6, 4-6&0-3 respectively admitted. No patients with PEFR>= 80% admitted. All patients with SPO2<=90% admitted. Coefficient of correlation between PEFR &score W.D., P.I. & P.S. IS -0.65, -0.64 & -0.66 respectively. Coeff. of correlation between SPO2 & score W.D., P.I. & P.S. is 0.68, 0.67 & 0.62 respectively. Conclusion: PEFR have significant negative correlation with scores. But pulmonary score is easy to perform & doesn’t require laboratory assistance. SPO2 show significant negative correlation with scores.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121610317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.45
Gurudutt Joshi, Darshan Dholakia
Background: In normal healthy state, human body maintains homeostasis and normal glycemic levels, however in stress associated with any critical states, this control is impaired or lost. Hyperglycemia represents an extreme form of stress. There is no consensus about cut off blood glucose levels to be labeled as hyperglycemia in pediatric age group. Different studies considered different levels of blood glucose as hyperglycemia. Aims & Objectives: To determine frequency of glycemic abnormalities and to correlate this abnormalities with outcome in critically ill children admitted in Pediatric intensive care unit. Methodology: This was a prospective observational study. Total 61 number of cases in the age group of 1month to 17 years were enrolled in the study, by considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Out of 61 patients, 50.8% were females and 49.2% were males. Out of 61 patients, 73.8% had Hyperglycemia, 24.5% had Euglycemia, 1.6% patient had Hypoglycemia. There was a statistically significant association between hyperglycemia and those cases requiring mechanical ventilation and on vasopressors. Outcome was poor in those cases which had hyperglycemia and the risk of death was 5.78 times more in them. Conclusion: Prevalence of mean hyperglycemia was 80.3%, 72%, 31%, when cut off levels of blood glucose was considered as >126 mg/dl,>150 mg/dl, >200 mg/dl respectively. There was an increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients having hyperglycemia. As there are no definite cut off levels of hyperglycemia in critically ill patients, more studies and consensus is needed.
{"title":"Glycemic abnormalities and their outcome in critically ill pediatric patients admitted in pediatric intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital","authors":"Gurudutt Joshi, Darshan Dholakia","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In normal healthy state, human body maintains homeostasis and normal glycemic levels, however in stress associated with any critical states, this control is impaired or lost. Hyperglycemia represents an extreme form of stress. There is no consensus about cut off blood glucose levels to be labeled as hyperglycemia in pediatric age group. Different studies considered different levels of blood glucose as hyperglycemia. Aims & Objectives: To determine frequency of glycemic abnormalities and to correlate this abnormalities with outcome in critically ill children admitted in Pediatric intensive care unit. Methodology: This was a prospective observational study. Total 61 number of cases in the age group of 1month to 17 years were enrolled in the study, by considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Out of 61 patients, 50.8% were females and 49.2% were males. Out of 61 patients, 73.8% had Hyperglycemia, 24.5% had Euglycemia, 1.6% patient had Hypoglycemia. There was a statistically significant association between hyperglycemia and those cases requiring mechanical ventilation and on vasopressors. Outcome was poor in those cases which had hyperglycemia and the risk of death was 5.78 times more in them. Conclusion: Prevalence of mean hyperglycemia was 80.3%, 72%, 31%, when cut off levels of blood glucose was considered as >126 mg/dl,>150 mg/dl, >200 mg/dl respectively. There was an increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients having hyperglycemia. As there are no definite cut off levels of hyperglycemia in critically ill patients, more studies and consensus is needed.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123005369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.39
T. Annamalai, Ramya, Shafath Ahmed
Introduction: In India, the incidence of low birth weight babies is around 28%. About two third of the low birth weight babies are term-small for gestational age babies and one third are preterm babies. Low birth weight babies might have low nutritional reserve, especially the micronutrients, out of which zinc is an important one. This study is done to find if there is any association between cord blood zinc level and birth weight in term SGA and AGA babies.Materials & Methods: This is a Prospective cross sectional study which was done in 100 newborns, in which 50 were term SGA and 50 were term AGA newborns. The period of the study was one year. Our study included term SGA as cases and term AGA as controls. After obtaining informed consent from the parents, cord blood sample for serum zinc was collected from term-SGA and term-AGA babies for serum zinc level estimation and sent to our central laboratory. Result: The mean cord blood zinc level in AGA was 97.15 and 90.89 in SGA and there is statistical significance in the cord blood zinc level between AGA and SGA groups.Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant correlation in the cord blood zinc level between the term AGA and term SGA neonates.
{"title":"Study of cord blood zinc level in term AGA & term SGA newborns","authors":"T. Annamalai, Ramya, Shafath Ahmed","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2b.39","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In India, the incidence of low birth weight babies is around 28%. About two third of the low birth weight babies are term-small for gestational age babies and one third are preterm babies. Low birth weight babies might have low nutritional reserve, especially the micronutrients, out of which zinc is an important one. This study is done to find if there is any association between cord blood zinc level and birth weight in term SGA and AGA babies.Materials & Methods: This is a Prospective cross sectional study which was done in 100 newborns, in which 50 were term SGA and 50 were term AGA newborns. The period of the study was one year. Our study included term SGA as cases and term AGA as controls. After obtaining informed consent from the parents, cord blood sample for serum zinc was collected from term-SGA and term-AGA babies for serum zinc level estimation and sent to our central laboratory. Result: The mean cord blood zinc level in AGA was 97.15 and 90.89 in SGA and there is statistical significance in the cord blood zinc level between AGA and SGA groups.Conclusion: The study concludes that there is a significant correlation in the cord blood zinc level between the term AGA and term SGA neonates.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120823625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.35
Senan Eraby Al-hamadani, Ali Hamza Alwan Al-taee, Rana Ismaeil Afram
A randomizes study has been done on 200 healthy breast artificial fed infants aged between 3-12 months with male to female ratio (1: 1) at Central Teaching Hospital for Children for period between 2 Jan. to 2 Jun. 1998 coming to the hospital for vaccination to assess the growth status and hematocrit level in term of weight for age percentile, head circumference age percentile and hematocrit values on venous samples. The result has shown a significant retardation in weight for length for age in artificially fed infant at ages of (7-9) months and (10-12) months, and significant low hematocrit level for breast fed babies at age (10-12) months. No significant relationship between growth and anemia. Also no significant relationship in growth and hematocrit in relation to sex. In conclusion breast milk is enough for optimal growth for infant below 1 year, but not for preventing the development of anemia.
{"title":"Comparison study of growth status and Hb. Level in Iraqi breast and Artificial fed babies during infancy","authors":"Senan Eraby Al-hamadani, Ali Hamza Alwan Al-taee, Rana Ismaeil Afram","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.35","url":null,"abstract":"A randomizes study has been done on 200 healthy breast artificial fed infants aged between 3-12 months with male to female ratio (1: 1) at Central Teaching Hospital for Children for period between 2 Jan. to 2 Jun. 1998 coming to the hospital for vaccination to assess the growth status and hematocrit level in term of weight for age percentile, head circumference age percentile and hematocrit values on venous samples. The result has shown a significant retardation in weight for length for age in artificially fed infant at ages of (7-9) months and (10-12) months, and significant low hematocrit level for breast fed babies at age (10-12) months. No significant relationship between growth and anemia. Also no significant relationship in growth and hematocrit in relation to sex. In conclusion breast milk is enough for optimal growth for infant below 1 year, but not for preventing the development of anemia.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133008277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.30
S. JyothiPrakashRaju, Polaiah Manchu, V. R. Kumar
Frequency of obesity is rising day by day because of various factors. It is important to assess the trend of obesity in particular geographical area. Objective: To evaluate the incidence and common risk factor of obesity and overweight in children related to socioeconomic status. Methods: The cross sectional observational study for the incidence and to study the risk factors of obesity was done in two schools of Srikakulam municipal area during May 2018 to December2018. Two schools were chosen based on simple random sampling method. Children between age group of 9 to 12 years present in the school on the day of survey were included in the study. Children diagnosed to be obese due to endogenous causes on clinical examination were excluded NCHS guidelines were used. Results: Incidence of obesity and overweight between the study subjects was 5% and 7.6%. The incidence of obesity is 7.5% in affluent school and 2.1% in municipal school respectively. Conclusion: There is significant incidence of obesity in private school children compared with municipal school in Srikakulam, India.
{"title":"A study on children's obesity and overweight at Srikakulam: North coastal region of Andhra Pradesh","authors":"S. JyothiPrakashRaju, Polaiah Manchu, V. R. Kumar","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2019.v2.i2a.30","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency of obesity is rising day by day because of various factors. It is important to assess the trend of obesity in particular geographical area. Objective: To evaluate the incidence and common risk factor of obesity and overweight in children related to socioeconomic status. Methods: The cross sectional observational study for the incidence and to study the risk factors of obesity was done in two schools of Srikakulam municipal area during May 2018 to December2018. Two schools were chosen based on simple random sampling method. Children between age group of 9 to 12 years present in the school on the day of survey were included in the study. Children diagnosed to be obese due to endogenous causes on clinical examination were excluded NCHS guidelines were used. Results: Incidence of obesity and overweight between the study subjects was 5% and 7.6%. The incidence of obesity is 7.5% in affluent school and 2.1% in municipal school respectively. Conclusion: There is significant incidence of obesity in private school children compared with municipal school in Srikakulam, India.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116099850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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