Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1b.175
Pallavi Gupta, Kirti Vishwakarma
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Paediatric Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): An observational study","authors":"Pallavi Gupta, Kirti Vishwakarma","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1b.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1b.175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134635021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.150
Vatkar Amit, Saxena Amit, Wadhawan Pallavi, S. Mumtaz
Genetic Epilepsy (previously known as idiopathic epilepsy) is a result of a known or presumed genetic defect(s) that is not causative of a brain structural or metabolic disorder. Objectives: Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus is characterized by multiple febrile seizures and by several subsequent types of afebrile generalized seizures with variable degrees of severity. It has a complex and heterogeneous clinical presentation. Dravet Syndrome (DS) is a catastrophic early-life epilepsy disorder of the GEFS plus spectrum in which the seizures are usually refractory to treatment and are associated with intellectual disability. The detection rate of gene variants has gradually increased, and in addition to providing an accurate diagnosis, elucidating the genetic cause of paediatric-onset drug-resistant epilepsy can also help guide clinical management. Method: Here, we selected cases with febrile seizures on presentation who later developed epilepsy, and evaluated those using genetic studies. Results: The genes SCN1A, ADGRV2, GABBR2, and GPR98 as potential causes of GEFS (+) and Dravet syndrome have been highlighted in our report. Conclusion: An improved understanding of the true physiopathology of genetic epilepsy and the identification of factors that are involved in phenotypic variations, will make it easier to understand genotype-phenotype correlations in the future and help implement individualized precision medical treatment regimens.
{"title":"Febrile seizures, not so benign","authors":"Vatkar Amit, Saxena Amit, Wadhawan Pallavi, S. Mumtaz","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.150","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic Epilepsy (previously known as idiopathic epilepsy) is a result of a known or presumed genetic defect(s) that is not causative of a brain structural or metabolic disorder. Objectives: Genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus is characterized by multiple febrile seizures and by several subsequent types of afebrile generalized seizures with variable degrees of severity. It has a complex and heterogeneous clinical presentation. Dravet Syndrome (DS) is a catastrophic early-life epilepsy disorder of the GEFS plus spectrum in which the seizures are usually refractory to treatment and are associated with intellectual disability. The detection rate of gene variants has gradually increased, and in addition to providing an accurate diagnosis, elucidating the genetic cause of paediatric-onset drug-resistant epilepsy can also help guide clinical management. Method: Here, we selected cases with febrile seizures on presentation who later developed epilepsy, and evaluated those using genetic studies. Results: The genes SCN1A, ADGRV2, GABBR2, and GPR98 as potential causes of GEFS (+) and Dravet syndrome have been highlighted in our report. Conclusion: An improved understanding of the true physiopathology of genetic epilepsy and the identification of factors that are involved in phenotypic variations, will make it easier to understand genotype-phenotype correlations in the future and help implement individualized precision medical treatment regimens.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132738228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.182
Khairkar Sushma Narayan, Dr. Mridula Saikia Khanikor
{"title":"Global geriatric depression situation: A critical evaluation","authors":"Khairkar Sushma Narayan, Dr. Mridula Saikia Khanikor","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126679546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.154
Dr.K.B. Chakravarthy, D. S. Sree, Dr. Brij Bhushan Yadav
Background: Respiratory diseases represent the most important cause of morbidity/ mortality in children. In this a large number accounts to be obstructive airway disease. Allergic respiratory disorders particularly asthma are increasing in prevalence. Objectives: To study the correlation of age and BMI with peak expiratory flow rate in children aged 10-15 years. Methods: A total of 200 children were included. All tests were carried out with prior permission from the head of the schools and informed consent from children’s parents in local language. For each child detailed history and physical examination was done and all anthropometric parameters were measured and entered as per the proforma. Results: Around 54% of the children were Male and 46% of them were female. Majority of the children 24.5% were 13yrs, followed by 20.5% were 12yrs, 18.5% were 11yrs, 14.5% were 14yrs, 12.5% were 10yrs and only 9.5% were 15yrs. There was a positive correlation between PEFR and BMI with r value 0.471 and this correlation was statistically significant. PEFR and female BMI had more positive correlation than Male BMI. Conclusion: Maintenance of normal BMI in children and adolescents in order to prevent future risk of obstructive respiratory diseases. Prevention of malnutrition by dietary counselling, school health programmes, early detection of malnutrition by regular growth monitoring, health supplements and Obesity prevention by regular exercises and appropriate diet is important in maintaining normal PEFR.
{"title":"Correlation of PEFR with age and BMI in children of 10-15 years of age","authors":"Dr.K.B. Chakravarthy, D. S. Sree, Dr. Brij Bhushan Yadav","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.154","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory diseases represent the most important cause of morbidity/ mortality in children. In this a large number accounts to be obstructive airway disease. Allergic respiratory disorders particularly asthma are increasing in prevalence. Objectives: To study the correlation of age and BMI with peak expiratory flow rate in children aged 10-15 years. Methods: A total of 200 children were included. All tests were carried out with prior permission from the head of the schools and informed consent from children’s parents in local language. For each child detailed history and physical examination was done and all anthropometric parameters were measured and entered as per the proforma. Results: Around 54% of the children were Male and 46% of them were female. Majority of the children 24.5% were 13yrs, followed by 20.5% were 12yrs, 18.5% were 11yrs, 14.5% were 14yrs, 12.5% were 10yrs and only 9.5% were 15yrs. There was a positive correlation between PEFR and BMI with r value 0.471 and this correlation was statistically significant. PEFR and female BMI had more positive correlation than Male BMI. Conclusion: Maintenance of normal BMI in children and adolescents in order to prevent future risk of obstructive respiratory diseases. Prevention of malnutrition by dietary counselling, school health programmes, early detection of malnutrition by regular growth monitoring, health supplements and Obesity prevention by regular exercises and appropriate diet is important in maintaining normal PEFR.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129316237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.166
Dr. Jasmine Chandi, D. Bp, Dr. S D Patil, D. Ar
{"title":"A case report of Dyke-Davidoff-Mason syndrome, a rare cause of cerebral hemiatrophy: A rare condition","authors":"Dr. Jasmine Chandi, D. Bp, Dr. S D Patil, D. Ar","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129984210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.157
Dr. Bsv Sivanagaraja
{"title":"A study of profile of the patients with typhoid fever in pediatric patients at tertiary care centre","authors":"Dr. Bsv Sivanagaraja","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2022.v5.i1a.157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134456728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.152
Dr. Ranjeeta Dadoria, Dr. Falak Bansal
Background and Objectives: CB‐NAAT is a semi‐quantitative nested real‐time PCR which detects both MTB and RIF resistance directly from clinical specimens. This study was conducted to measure the diagnostic yield of CBNAAT in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Methods: The present study was conducted among 62 children suffering from TBM in the department of Paediatrics at Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre from November 2019 to July 2020. Complete physical examination was done including level of consciousness, signs of meningeal irritation (neck stiffness, Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign), cranial nerve involvement, etc. Following a lumbar puncture with standard and sterile method, about 10 ml CSF was obtained, transported to the laboratory within 1 h, and divided into four tubes: 1 (1-2 ml) for CSF cells, 2 protein and glucose, 3 bacterial smear and culture and 4 (8-10 ml) for TB PCR testing. Data so collected was tabulated in an excel sheet and analysed using SPSS 24.00 for window (SPSS inc, Chicago, USA). Results: Out of the 62 patients of TBM, 9 patients (14.5 %) had a positive CBNAAT in CSF while only one patient (1.61 %) had positive result for Ziehl-Neelsen staining for acid fast bacilli. In our study, sensitivity, positive predictive value and diagnostic efficacy CBNAAT was 47.30%, 98.20% and 47.04% respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that CBNAAT is an efficient technique for detection of tuberculous meningitis in CSF samples. Its simplicity, speed and automation, and detection of resistance at the same time makes this technique a very attractive tool for the rapid diagnosis of TB meningitis, especially in suspected cases.
{"title":"Role of CBNAAT in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in children","authors":"Dr. Ranjeeta Dadoria, Dr. Falak Bansal","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.152","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: CB‐NAAT is a semi‐quantitative nested real‐time PCR which detects both MTB and RIF resistance directly from clinical specimens. This study was conducted to measure the diagnostic yield of CBNAAT in diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Methods: The present study was conducted among 62 children suffering from TBM in the department of Paediatrics at Teerthanker Mahaveer Medical College & Research Centre from November 2019 to July 2020. Complete physical examination was done including level of consciousness, signs of meningeal irritation (neck stiffness, Kernig's sign, Brudzinski's sign), cranial nerve involvement, etc. Following a lumbar puncture with standard and sterile method, about 10 ml CSF was obtained, transported to the laboratory within 1 h, and divided into four tubes: 1 (1-2 ml) for CSF cells, 2 protein and glucose, 3 bacterial smear and culture and 4 (8-10 ml) for TB PCR testing. Data so collected was tabulated in an excel sheet and analysed using SPSS 24.00 for window (SPSS inc, Chicago, USA). Results: Out of the 62 patients of TBM, 9 patients (14.5 %) had a positive CBNAAT in CSF while only one patient (1.61 %) had positive result for Ziehl-Neelsen staining for acid fast bacilli. In our study, sensitivity, positive predictive value and diagnostic efficacy CBNAAT was 47.30%, 98.20% and 47.04% respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that CBNAAT is an efficient technique for detection of tuberculous meningitis in CSF samples. Its simplicity, speed and automation, and detection of resistance at the same time makes this technique a very attractive tool for the rapid diagnosis of TB meningitis, especially in suspected cases.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125508204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.165
Sanjay Verma, Nupur Suman, Piyoosh Verma
{"title":"Digital eyestrain in school going children during covid times","authors":"Sanjay Verma, Nupur Suman, Piyoosh Verma","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.165","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114721330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.153
M. Khan, N. Bhat, Tajamul Islam Bhat, T. Ahmad
Background: Acute diarrhea kills more than 1.5 million children under 5 years of age every year globally, and is the second most common cause of death in this age group. The present study was conducted to assess the role of saccharomyces boularii in acute watery diarrhea in children between 2 months5 years. Materials & Methods: 70 children of acute watery diarrhea between 2 months5 years were divided into 2 groups. Group I received the active product (S. boulardii) 250 mg twice a day for 5 days and oral rehydration solution (ORS)and zinc and group II received ORS and zinc only. The duration of diarrhea and consistency and frequency of stools were recorded. Results: Group I had 20 males and 15 females and group II had 18 males and 17 females. In group I, stool frequency >3 was seen in 35 on day 1, 30 on day 2, 25 on day 3, 10 on day 4 and in 35, 32, 28, 24 and 6 in group II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). The stool consistency liquid was seen in 35 on day 1, 32 on day 2, 4 on day 4and 35 on day 1, 33 on day 2, 20 on day 3, 12 on day 4, 8 on day 5 and 1 on day 6 in group I and II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Saccharomyces boulardii shortens the duration of diarrhea and normalizes stool consistency and frequency.
{"title":"Role of saccharomyces boularii in acute watery diarrhea in children between 2 months- 5 years","authors":"M. Khan, N. Bhat, Tajamul Islam Bhat, T. Ahmad","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.153","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute diarrhea kills more than 1.5 million children under 5 years of age every year globally, and is the second most common cause of death in this age group. The present study was conducted to assess the role of saccharomyces boularii in acute watery diarrhea in children between 2 months5 years. Materials & Methods: 70 children of acute watery diarrhea between 2 months5 years were divided into 2 groups. Group I received the active product (S. boulardii) 250 mg twice a day for 5 days and oral rehydration solution (ORS)and zinc and group II received ORS and zinc only. The duration of diarrhea and consistency and frequency of stools were recorded. Results: Group I had 20 males and 15 females and group II had 18 males and 17 females. In group I, stool frequency >3 was seen in 35 on day 1, 30 on day 2, 25 on day 3, 10 on day 4 and in 35, 32, 28, 24 and 6 in group II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). The stool consistency liquid was seen in 35 on day 1, 32 on day 2, 4 on day 4and 35 on day 1, 33 on day 2, 20 on day 3, 12 on day 4, 8 on day 5 and 1 on day 6 in group I and II respectively. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Conclusion: Saccharomyces boulardii shortens the duration of diarrhea and normalizes stool consistency and frequency.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122309140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.147
Priyasha Tripathi, S. Raghuwanshi, Priya Gogia
Introduction: Poisoning is a common emergency worldwide especially when occurring in pediatric age group. Routine surveillance and proper counselling of family members is required to avoid and prevent such situations. The study was designed to assess the spectrum of poisoning in rural areas of M.P. Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective observational study. Paediatric patients under 13 years of age admitted with acute poisoning in PICU in last 1 year were studied for presenting complaints, clinical profile and outcome. Preventive measures were also discussed. Results: 85 children were admitted in PICU with acute poisoning, incidence was more in male children, mainly at home or surroundings. It was apparently accidental and more common in children less than 5 years of age. Maximum cases of acute poisoning were of scorpion sting bite (as maximum patients were from rural areas of M.P.) followed by kerosene poisoning followed by rat poison. Death was reported in patients whereas maximum patients were discharged within 5 days without any serious complications. Conclusion: Even though mortality reported due to acute poisoning is only, measures should be taken to avoid the hazard and parents should be counselled regarding taking safety measures at home.
{"title":"Pattern of acute poisoning in children in rural areas: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Priyasha Tripathi, S. Raghuwanshi, Priya Gogia","doi":"10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33545/26643685.2021.v4.i2a.147","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Poisoning is a common emergency worldwide especially when occurring in pediatric age group. Routine surveillance and proper counselling of family members is required to avoid and prevent such situations. The study was designed to assess the spectrum of poisoning in rural areas of M.P. Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective observational study. Paediatric patients under 13 years of age admitted with acute poisoning in PICU in last 1 year were studied for presenting complaints, clinical profile and outcome. Preventive measures were also discussed. Results: 85 children were admitted in PICU with acute poisoning, incidence was more in male children, mainly at home or surroundings. It was apparently accidental and more common in children less than 5 years of age. Maximum cases of acute poisoning were of scorpion sting bite (as maximum patients were from rural areas of M.P.) followed by kerosene poisoning followed by rat poison. Death was reported in patients whereas maximum patients were discharged within 5 days without any serious complications. Conclusion: Even though mortality reported due to acute poisoning is only, measures should be taken to avoid the hazard and parents should be counselled regarding taking safety measures at home.","PeriodicalId":144032,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Paediatrics and Geriatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121033841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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