Osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is important for human bone formation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators in osteogenic differentiation. This study aimed to explore the function and mechanisms of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 963 (LINC00963) in affecting osteogenesis. Cell differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity detection and ALP staining assay. Meanwhile, levels of osteogenic marker genes, including RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN), were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the interaction between genes. LINC00963 expression was down-regulated in hBMSCs treated with osteogenic induction. LINC00963 overexpression inhibited hBMSCs differentiation, proliferation, and elevated apoptosis. LINC00963 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to interact with miR-10b-5p and thereby regulated the expression level of Ras-related protein Rap-2a (RAP2A). LINC00963 regulated RAP2A to inhibit the level of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT). LINC00963 inhibited hBMSCs differentiation, proliferation, and elevated apoptosis via the miR-10b-5p/RAP2A/AKT signaling, which might help improve the treatment of osteoporosis.
{"title":"LINC00963 Represses Osteogenic Differentiation of hBMSCs via the miR-10b-5p/RAP2A/AKT Axis.","authors":"Zhixin Wu, Mingjuan Shi, Xuan Zhao, Guifu Wu, Huiyuan Zheng, Yuanyuan Cui, Yu Shang","doi":"10.1055/a-2323-9749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2323-9749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) is important for human bone formation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators in osteogenic differentiation. This study aimed to explore the function and mechanisms of long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 963 (LINC00963) in affecting osteogenesis. Cell differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity detection and ALP staining assay. Meanwhile, levels of osteogenic marker genes, including RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN), were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry analysis. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the interaction between genes. LINC00963 expression was down-regulated in hBMSCs treated with osteogenic induction. LINC00963 overexpression inhibited hBMSCs differentiation, proliferation, and elevated apoptosis. LINC00963 acted as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to interact with miR-10b-5p and thereby regulated the expression level of Ras-related protein Rap-2a (RAP2A). LINC00963 regulated RAP2A to inhibit the level of phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT). LINC00963 inhibited hBMSCs differentiation, proliferation, and elevated apoptosis via the miR-10b-5p/RAP2A/AKT signaling, which might help improve the treatment of osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesco Laterza, Cristian Savoia, Antonio Bovenzi, Rosario D'Onofrio, Dario Pompa, Giuseppe Annino, Vincenzo Manzi
In soccer, roles and substitutions can make it unclear how different physical capacities decrease over time and impact performance. This investigation aimed to analyze kinematic parameters and their changes over game time, and provide information to effectively prescribe training programs. Data from four professional teams were analyzed, and all the teams competed in the Italian First Division (Serie A). Average metabolic power and high-intensity activities associated with critical moments in the match were considered in the comparisons. The video analysis system STATS SportVU collected the data during official matches. Players were assigned to a specific group according to their time played, categorized as follows: 0-15', 15-30', 30-45', 45-60', 60-75', 75-90', and > 90 min. Different roles, including forwards and wingers (FW), midfielders (MF), center-backs (CB), and side-backs (SB) were also considered. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found in different roles and within roles at different times played. The results highlighted how MF performance decreased over time, whereas CB was unaffected by time. SB spent more time at very high velocity than other roles, independently from the time played. These findings provide valuable information about the physical demands of official soccer matches and could be used to review training prescriptions.
{"title":"Influence of Substitutions and Roles on Kinematic Variables in Professional Soccer Players.","authors":"Francesco Laterza, Cristian Savoia, Antonio Bovenzi, Rosario D'Onofrio, Dario Pompa, Giuseppe Annino, Vincenzo Manzi","doi":"10.1055/a-2334-6458","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2334-6458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In soccer, roles and substitutions can make it unclear how different physical capacities decrease over time and impact performance. This investigation aimed to analyze kinematic parameters and their changes over game time, and provide information to effectively prescribe training programs. Data from four professional teams were analyzed, and all the teams competed in the Italian First Division (Serie A). Average metabolic power and high-intensity activities associated with critical moments in the match were considered in the comparisons. The video analysis system STATS SportVU collected the data during official matches. Players were assigned to a specific group according to their time played, categorized as follows: 0-15', 15-30', 30-45', 45-60', 60-75', 75-90', and > 90 min. Different roles, including forwards and wingers (FW), midfielders (MF), center-backs (CB), and side-backs (SB) were also considered. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found in different roles and within roles at different times played. The results highlighted how MF performance decreased over time, whereas CB was unaffected by time. SB spent more time at very high velocity than other roles, independently from the time played. These findings provide valuable information about the physical demands of official soccer matches and could be used to review training prescriptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141161760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matheus Simionato Firmino, Matheus S Norberto, Germano Marcolino Putti, Carolina Lemos de Oliveira, Bianka da Silva Rumayor, João Victor Gatto Torini, Marcelo Papoti
This investigation aimed to assess if alternative method to estimate the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAODalt) can detect changes in energy system contribution in different substrate availabilities. Following a graded exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake intensity (iVO2max), 26 recreational runners performed a time to exhaustion effort (TTE) as baseline at 110% iVO2max. The same TTE was performed in fasting state, then, a muscle glycogen depletion protocol was executed. Subsequently, participants received low-carbohydrate diet and beverage containing high (H-CHO, 10.8±2.1g·kg-1), moderate (M-CHO, 5.6±1.1g·kg-1), or zero (Z-CHO, 0.24±0.05g·kg-1) carbohydrate. Another TTE was performed 24h later. Each energy system contribution was assessed. Generalized linear mixed models were used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). H-CHO increased relative anaerobic capacity (slope effect [baseline-intervention]x[H-CHO-M-CHO]) due to the relative lactic contribution maintenance (slope effect [baseline-intervention]x[H-CHO-Z-CHO] or [H-CHO-M-CHO]) and increase in relative alactic contribution (6.3±3.5kJ·min-1). The aerobic contribution was lower (-8.7±4.0kJ·min-1), decreasing performance (-34±16s) for H-CHO. M-CHO and Z-CHO maintained anaerobic capacity due to increase in alactic contribution (slope effect [fasting-intervention]x[M-CHO-H-CHO]; and Z-CHO was 7.3±3.4kJ·min-1 higher than baseline). Fasting increased relative alactic (2.9±1.7kJ·min-1) but decreased aerobic contribution (-3.3±2.3kJ·min-1), impairing performance (-17±12s). In conclusion, MAODalt can detect changes in energy system supply in different nutritional states. Therefore, participant's nutritional state must be considered prior to conducting the test.
{"title":"High- and low-carb diet and fasting state modify alternative maximal accumulated oxygen deficit.","authors":"Matheus Simionato Firmino, Matheus S Norberto, Germano Marcolino Putti, Carolina Lemos de Oliveira, Bianka da Silva Rumayor, João Victor Gatto Torini, Marcelo Papoti","doi":"10.1055/a-2373-0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2373-0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This investigation aimed to assess if alternative method to estimate the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD<sub>alt</sub>) can detect changes in energy system contribution in different substrate availabilities. Following a graded exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake intensity (iVO<sub>2max</sub>), 26 recreational runners performed a time to exhaustion effort (TTE) as baseline at 110% iVO<sub>2max</sub>. The same TTE was performed in fasting state, then, a muscle glycogen depletion protocol was executed. Subsequently, participants received low-carbohydrate diet and beverage containing high (H-CHO, 10.8±2.1g·kg<sup>-1</sup>), moderate (M-CHO, 5.6±1.1g·kg<sup>-1</sup>), or zero (Z-CHO, 0.24±0.05g·kg<sup>-1</sup>) carbohydrate. Another TTE was performed 24h later. Each energy system contribution was assessed. Generalized linear mixed models were used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). H-CHO increased relative anaerobic capacity (slope effect [baseline-intervention]x[H-CHO-M-CHO]) due to the relative lactic contribution maintenance (slope effect [baseline-intervention]x[H-CHO-Z-CHO] or [H-CHO-M-CHO]) and increase in relative alactic contribution (6.3±3.5kJ·min<sup>-1</sup>). The aerobic contribution was lower (-8.7±4.0kJ·min<sup>-1</sup>), decreasing performance (-34±16s) for H-CHO. M-CHO and Z-CHO maintained anaerobic capacity due to increase in alactic contribution (slope effect [fasting-intervention]x[M-CHO-H-CHO]; and Z-CHO was 7.3±3.4kJ·min<sup>-1</sup> higher than baseline). Fasting increased relative alactic (2.9±1.7kJ·min<sup>-1</sup>) but decreased aerobic contribution (-3.3±2.3kJ·min<sup>-1</sup>), impairing performance (-17±12s). In conclusion, MAOD<sub>alt</sub> can detect changes in energy system supply in different nutritional states. Therefore, participant's nutritional state must be considered prior to conducting the test.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exercise-induced hypertension (EIH) is thought to be associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risks. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of EIH on CV systems in marathon runners without CV risk factors using both 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and exercise stress echocardiography (ESE). This study firstly described differences in CV adaptations according to EIH assessed by both exams. Marathon runners between 35 and 64 years of age without CV risk factors were eligible. All the participants underwent both 24-hr ambulatory BP monitoring and ESE. EIH was defined as a maximal exercise systolic BP≥210 mmHg. The EIH group (n=19) had shorter training history and higher exercise intensity compared to the non-EIH group (n=23). The average systolic BP was higher in the EIH group than in the non-EIH group. Left cardiac chamber size and left ventricular mass (LVM) were also higher in the EIH group compared to the non-EIH group. Maximal BP during ESE was positively correlated with both parameters. Exaggerated BP response during exercise needs to be monitored for pre-emptive measurements before it results in progressive cardiovascular maladaptation.
{"title":"Excessive Blood Pressure Rise and Cardiovascular Remodeling in Marathon Runners.","authors":"Hye Bin Gwag, Young-Joo Kim, Kyoung-Min Park","doi":"10.1055/a-2330-9869","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2330-9869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise-induced hypertension (EIH) is thought to be associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risks. However, no previous studies have investigated the effects of EIH on CV systems in marathon runners without CV risk factors using both 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and exercise stress echocardiography (ESE). This study firstly described differences in CV adaptations according to EIH assessed by both exams. Marathon runners between 35 and 64 years of age without CV risk factors were eligible. All the participants underwent both 24-hr ambulatory BP monitoring and ESE. EIH was defined as a maximal exercise systolic BP≥210 mmHg. The EIH group (n=19) had shorter training history and higher exercise intensity compared to the non-EIH group (n=23). The average systolic BP was higher in the EIH group than in the non-EIH group. Left cardiac chamber size and left ventricular mass (LVM) were also higher in the EIH group compared to the non-EIH group. Maximal BP during ESE was positively correlated with both parameters. Exaggerated BP response during exercise needs to be monitored for pre-emptive measurements before it results in progressive cardiovascular maladaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica Downs Talmage, Nicole Bordelon, Kyle Wasserberger, Gretchen D Oliver
The primary aims of the study were to perform a descriptive analysis of hitting energetics off a pitching machine and to compare between the rear- and lead-side lower and upper extremities. Eighty-five high school to minor league baseball athletes participated. Five full-effort swings off a pitching machine with the fastest exit velocity were used for analysis. Energy flow was quantified using a segment power analysis. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed significant differences between rear- and lead-side energetics during both swing phases. During the stride, the rear knee and shoulder generated more energy than the lead side. Throughout the swing phase the lead knee, hip, and elbow generated more energy than the rear side, but at the shoulder the rear side generated significantly more energy than the lead. Most intriguing, differing energy transfer directions between the rear and lead knee and shoulder joints were reported. Furthermore, descriptive results revealed energy is predominantly transferred across the knee, shoulder, and elbow joints, while the hips primarily display energy generation. The descriptive nature of the study provides a foundation for future research and can be used as a resource for training personnel to design effective training protocols aimed at maximizing performance.
{"title":"Energy Flow during Baseball Machine Hitting.","authors":"Jessica Downs Talmage, Nicole Bordelon, Kyle Wasserberger, Gretchen D Oliver","doi":"10.1055/a-2350-8567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2350-8567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary aims of the study were to perform a descriptive analysis of hitting energetics off a pitching machine and to compare between the rear- and lead-side lower and upper extremities. Eighty-five high school to minor league baseball athletes participated. Five full-effort swings off a pitching machine with the fastest exit velocity were used for analysis. Energy flow was quantified using a segment power analysis. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed significant differences between rear- and lead-side energetics during both swing phases. During the stride, the rear knee and shoulder generated more energy than the lead side. Throughout the swing phase the lead knee, hip, and elbow generated more energy than the rear side, but at the shoulder the rear side generated significantly more energy than the lead. Most intriguing, differing energy transfer directions between the rear and lead knee and shoulder joints were reported. Furthermore, descriptive results revealed energy is predominantly transferred across the knee, shoulder, and elbow joints, while the hips primarily display energy generation. The descriptive nature of the study provides a foundation for future research and can be used as a resource for training personnel to design effective training protocols aimed at maximizing performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Aceto, Joshua Cassinat, Yasmine S Ghattas, Vonda Wright
Weightlifting has become an increasingly popular form of exercise that has been shown to have many health benefits but can be dangerous if performed improperly. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of lower body weightlifting injuries in the United States. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021, for lower body injuries related to using weightlifting equipment. Demographics, diagnosis, disposition, and mechanism of injury (MOI) were analyzed. There were 7,773 lower extremity weightlifting injuries identified from 2012-2021, giving a national estimate of 311,842 injuries. The most common MOI was dropped weight (n=1785, 22.96%). Deadlifts were the most cited exercise that led to lower extremity injury (n=503, 6.47%). Males were more likely than females to be injured (76% males vs. 24% females; p<0.001), especially by compound movements with free weights including squats (79.63% males vs. 19.96% females, p<0.03) and deadlifts (83.89% males vs. 16.10% females, p<0.001). Nearly all injuries were treated as outpatient but those admitted to the hospital were significantly older than those treated as outpatients (38.0 years vs. 31.2 years, p<0.05). Weightlifting carries a high risk of injury due to the intensity and technique required for the different movements involved.
{"title":"Lower Body Weightlifting Injuries Treated in United States Emergency Departments from 2012-2021.","authors":"Matthew Aceto, Joshua Cassinat, Yasmine S Ghattas, Vonda Wright","doi":"10.1055/a-2335-4304","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2335-4304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Weightlifting has become an increasingly popular form of exercise that has been shown to have many health benefits but can be dangerous if performed improperly. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of lower body weightlifting injuries in the United States. The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021, for lower body injuries related to using weightlifting equipment. Demographics, diagnosis, disposition, and mechanism of injury (MOI) were analyzed. There were 7,773 lower extremity weightlifting injuries identified from 2012-2021, giving a national estimate of 311,842 injuries. The most common MOI was dropped weight (n=1785, 22.96%). Deadlifts were the most cited exercise that led to lower extremity injury (n=503, 6.47%). Males were more likely than females to be injured (76% males vs. 24% females; p<0.001), especially by compound movements with free weights including squats (79.63% males vs. 19.96% females, p<0.03) and deadlifts (83.89% males vs. 16.10% females, p<0.001). Nearly all injuries were treated as outpatient but those admitted to the hospital were significantly older than those treated as outpatients (38.0 years vs. 31.2 years, p<0.05). Weightlifting carries a high risk of injury due to the intensity and technique required for the different movements involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141175440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esdras Guedes Fonseca, Ana Paula Araújo-Ferreira, Markus Berger, Leda Maria Castro Coimbra-Campos, Roberta Silva Filha, Leticia Maria de Souza Cordeiro, Mariana Rodrigues Campos, Laura Barroso Ferreira Oliveira, Marcelo Vidigal Caliari, Lucio Ricardo Leite Diniz, Fabiana Alves, Almir Souza Martins, Diogo Barros Peruchetti, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira
A strict correlation among proximal tubule epithelial cell dysfunction, proteinuria, and modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Kalikrein-Kinin System are crucial factors in the pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on gentamicin-induced AKI. Male Wistar rats were submitted to a moderate-intensity treadmill exercise protocol for 8 weeks, and then injected with 80 mg/kg/day s.c. gentamicin for 5 consecutive days. Four groups were generated: 1) NT+SAL (control); 2) NT+AKI (non-trained with AKI); 3) T+SAL (trained); and 4) T+AKI (trained with AKI). The NT+AKI group presented: 1) impairment in glomerular function parameters; 2) increased fractional excretion of Na + , K + , and water; 4) proteinuria and increased urinary γ-glutamyl transferase activity (a marker of tubular injury) accompanied by acute tubular necrosis; 5) an increased renal angiotensin-converting enzyme and bradykinin B1 receptor mRNA expression. Interestingly, the preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise attenuated all alterations observed in gentamicin-induced AKI (T+AKI group). Taken together, our results show that the preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorates the development of gentamicin-induced AKI. Our findings help to expand the current knowledge regarding the effect of physical exercise on kidneys during physiological and pathological conditions.
近端肾小管上皮细胞功能障碍、蛋白尿以及肾素-血管紧张素系统和加力激肽-激肽系统的调节之间存在密切的相关性,是急性肾损伤(AKI)发病机制中的关键因素。本研究探讨了中等强度有氧运动预处理对庆大霉素诱导的 AKI 的潜在保护作用。雄性 Wistar 大鼠接受为期 8 周的中等强度跑步机运动,然后连续 5 天以 80 毫克/千克/天的剂量静脉注射庆大霉素。共分为四组1)NT+SAL 组(对照组);2)NT+AKI 组(未接受过 AKI 训练);3)T+SAL 组(接受过训练);4)T+AKI 组(接受过 AKI 训练)。NT+AKI 组表现为:1)肾小球功能参数受损;2)Na +、K + 和水的部分排泄量增加;4)蛋白尿和尿γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性(肾小管损伤的标志物)增加,并伴有急性肾小管坏死;5)肾血管紧张素转换酶和缓激肽 B1 受体 mRNA 表达增加。有趣的是,中等强度有氧运动的预处理减轻了庆大霉素诱导的 AKI(T+AKI 组)中观察到的所有变化。综上所述,我们的研究结果表明,中等强度有氧运动的预处理可改善庆大霉素诱导的 AKI 的发展。我们的研究结果有助于扩展目前关于生理和病理条件下体育锻炼对肾脏影响的知识。
{"title":"Preconditioning by Moderate-Intensity Exercise Prevents Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury.","authors":"Esdras Guedes Fonseca, Ana Paula Araújo-Ferreira, Markus Berger, Leda Maria Castro Coimbra-Campos, Roberta Silva Filha, Leticia Maria de Souza Cordeiro, Mariana Rodrigues Campos, Laura Barroso Ferreira Oliveira, Marcelo Vidigal Caliari, Lucio Ricardo Leite Diniz, Fabiana Alves, Almir Souza Martins, Diogo Barros Peruchetti, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira","doi":"10.1055/a-2342-2154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2342-2154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A strict correlation among proximal tubule epithelial cell dysfunction, proteinuria, and modulation of the Renin-Angiotensin System and Kalikrein-Kinin System are crucial factors in the pathogenesis of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on gentamicin-induced AKI. Male Wistar rats were submitted to a moderate-intensity treadmill exercise protocol for 8 weeks, and then injected with 80 mg/kg/day s.c. gentamicin for 5 consecutive days. Four groups were generated: 1) NT+SAL (control); 2) NT+AKI (non-trained with AKI); 3) T+SAL (trained); and 4) T+AKI (trained with AKI). The NT+AKI group presented: 1) impairment in glomerular function parameters; 2) increased fractional excretion of Na <sup>+</sup> , K <sup>+</sup> , and water; 4) proteinuria and increased urinary γ-glutamyl transferase activity (a marker of tubular injury) accompanied by acute tubular necrosis; 5) an increased renal angiotensin-converting enzyme and bradykinin B1 receptor mRNA expression. Interestingly, the preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise attenuated all alterations observed in gentamicin-induced AKI (T+AKI group). Taken together, our results show that the preconditioning by moderate-intensity aerobic exercise ameliorates the development of gentamicin-induced AKI. Our findings help to expand the current knowledge regarding the effect of physical exercise on kidneys during physiological and pathological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lukas Hack, Bhagyashree Singh, Ferdinand Binkofski, Ingo Helmich
Repetitive subconcussive head impacts occur regularly in sports. However, the exact relationship between their biomechanical properties and their consequences on brain structure and function has not been clarified yet. We therefore reviewed prospective cohort studies that objectively reported the biomechanical characteristics of repetitive subconcussive head impacts and their impact on brain anatomy and function. Only studies with a pre- to post-measurement design were included. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Structural white matter alterations, such as reduced fractional anisotropy and an increase in mean diffusivity values, seem to be evident in athletes exposed to repetitive subconcussive head impacts exceeding 10 g. Such changes are observable after only one season of play. Furthermore, a dose-response relationship exists between white matter abnormalities and the total number of subconcussive head impacts. However, functional changes after repetitive subconcussive head impacts remain inconclusive. We therefore conclude that repetitive subconcussive head impacts induce structural changes, but thus far without overt functional changes.
{"title":"Repetitive Subconcussive Head Impacts in Sports and Their Impact on Brain Anatomy and Function: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Lukas Hack, Bhagyashree Singh, Ferdinand Binkofski, Ingo Helmich","doi":"10.1055/a-2342-3604","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2342-3604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Repetitive subconcussive head impacts occur regularly in sports. However, the exact relationship between their biomechanical properties and their consequences on brain structure and function has not been clarified yet. We therefore reviewed prospective cohort studies that objectively reported the biomechanical characteristics of repetitive subconcussive head impacts and their impact on brain anatomy and function. Only studies with a pre- to post-measurement design were included. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. Structural white matter alterations, such as reduced fractional anisotropy and an increase in mean diffusivity values, seem to be evident in athletes exposed to repetitive subconcussive head impacts exceeding 10 g. Such changes are observable after only one season of play. Furthermore, a dose-response relationship exists between white matter abnormalities and the total number of subconcussive head impacts. However, functional changes after repetitive subconcussive head impacts remain inconclusive. We therefore conclude that repetitive subconcussive head impacts induce structural changes, but thus far without overt functional changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert Trybulski, Adrian Kużdżał, Arkadiusz Stanula, Sebastian Klich, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Adam Kawczyński, Cesar Fernández-de-Las-Peñas
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dry needling (DN) intervention on the responses of muscle tone, stiffness, and elasticity, as well as power, pressure pain thresholds, and blood perfusion of the flexor carpi radialis muscle in mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes. Thirty-two trained/developmental men MMA fighters (25.5±4.5 years; 24.5±3 body mass index) participated in a randomized crossover study. Participants underwent a single intervention, receiving both DN and placebo. Laser Doppler flowmetry measured blood perfusion, while a myotonometer assessed the mechanical characteristics of muscle tone, stiffness, and elasticity of the flexor carpi radialis muscle. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were measured using an algometer, and maximal forearm muscle force was measured using a hand dynamometer. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately after, and 24 hours and 48 hours post-intervention. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant Intervention*Time interaction for all outcomes: perfusion unit (p<0.001), muscle tone (p<0.001), stiffness (p<0.001), elasticity (p<0.001), PPT (p<0.001) and maximal forearm muscle force (p<0.001). The current study suggests that a single session of DN enhances muscle recovery, increases muscle strength, and improved PPT in MMA athletes. These positive adaptations appear to last up to 48 hours in some variables.
{"title":"Biomechanical Profile after Dry Needling in Mixed Martial Arts.","authors":"Robert Trybulski, Adrian Kużdżał, Arkadiusz Stanula, Sebastian Klich, Filipe Manuel Clemente, Adam Kawczyński, Cesar Fernández-de-Las-Peñas","doi":"10.1055/a-2342-3679","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2342-3679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of dry needling (DN) intervention on the responses of muscle tone, stiffness, and elasticity, as well as power, pressure pain thresholds, and blood perfusion of the flexor carpi radialis muscle in mixed martial arts (MMA) athletes. Thirty-two trained/developmental men MMA fighters (25.5±4.5 years; 24.5±3 body mass index) participated in a randomized crossover study. Participants underwent a single intervention, receiving both DN and placebo. Laser Doppler flowmetry measured blood perfusion, while a myotonometer assessed the mechanical characteristics of muscle tone, stiffness, and elasticity of the flexor carpi radialis muscle. Pressure pain thresholds (PPT) were measured using an algometer, and maximal forearm muscle force was measured using a hand dynamometer. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately after, and 24 hours and 48 hours post-intervention. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed significant <i>Intervention*Time</i> interaction for all outcomes: perfusion unit (p<0.001), muscle tone (<i>p</i><0.001), stiffness (<i>p</i><0.001), elasticity (<i>p</i><0.001), PPT (<i>p</i><0.001) and maximal forearm muscle force (<i>p</i><0.001). The current study suggests that a single session of DN enhances muscle recovery, increases muscle strength, and improved PPT in MMA athletes. These positive adaptations appear to last up to 48 hours in some variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frederike Adammek, Tiffany Y Wences Chirino, David Walzik, Sina Trebing, Sergen Belen, Daniel Renpening, Philipp Zimmer, Niklas Joisten
While pre-post differences in immune cell mobilization after acute aerobic exercise are well investigated, less is known about when and to what extent immune cells are mobilized during acute aerobic exercise. This experimental trial aimed to investigate the detailed kinetics of circulating immune cells in twelve healthy adults (n=6 females) who completed a 40-min aerobic exercise bout at 60% of the participants' V̇O2peak on a bicycle ergometer. Cellular inflammation markers and sex-dependent differences in circulating immune cells were analyzed. Blood samples were taken immediately before, after warm-up, during exercise after 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 40 min (cessation), and 60 min post exercise. Significant increases in leukocytes (p<0.001), lymphocytes (p<0.001), neutrophils (p=0.003) and platelets (p=0.047) can be observed after 5 min of exercise. The cellular inflammation markers show significant alterations only post exercise. Significant sex differences were observed for neutrophils (p=0.049) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.007) one hour post exercise. These results indicate that i) leukocytes are already mobilized after 5 min of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise, ii) the magnitude of exercise induced leukocyte mobilization is dependent on exercise duration, iii) integrative cellular inflammation markers are only altered after exercise cessation, and iv) the observed effects might be sex-dependent.
{"title":"Kinetics of Immune Cell Mobilization during Acute Aerobic Exercise in Healthy Adults.","authors":"Frederike Adammek, Tiffany Y Wences Chirino, David Walzik, Sina Trebing, Sergen Belen, Daniel Renpening, Philipp Zimmer, Niklas Joisten","doi":"10.1055/a-2338-5397","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2338-5397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While pre-post differences in immune cell mobilization after acute aerobic exercise are well investigated, less is known about when and to what extent immune cells are mobilized during acute aerobic exercise. This experimental trial aimed to investigate the detailed kinetics of circulating immune cells in twelve healthy adults (n=6 females) who completed a 40-min aerobic exercise bout at 60% of the participants' V̇O2<sub>peak</sub> on a bicycle ergometer. Cellular inflammation markers and sex-dependent differences in circulating immune cells were analyzed. Blood samples were taken immediately before, after warm-up, during exercise after 5 min, 10 min, 15 min, 30 min, 40 min (cessation), and 60 min post exercise. Significant increases in leukocytes (p<0.001), lymphocytes (p<0.001), neutrophils (p=0.003) and platelets (p=0.047) can be observed after 5 min of exercise. The cellular inflammation markers show significant alterations only post exercise. Significant sex differences were observed for neutrophils (p=0.049) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.007) one hour post exercise. These results indicate that i) leukocytes are already mobilized after 5 min of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise, ii) the magnitude of exercise induced leukocyte mobilization is dependent on exercise duration, iii) integrative cellular inflammation markers are only altered after exercise cessation, and iv) the observed effects might be sex-dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14439,"journal":{"name":"International journal of sports medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}