Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012004
E. Daymo, A. Tonkovich, M. Hettel, A. Shirsath
Porous media models are commonly used to simulate packed bed reactors in the chemical process industry. There are several porous media energy equation models available, but commonly a single energy equation for both the fluid and solid phases is selected. Such an approach has been applied to OpenFOAM, with validation testing done using DUO (DETCHEM und OpenFOAM) for a Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) application. Using a popular kinetics mechanism for this reaction, a good fit between simulation and experiment was observed.
{"title":"1D and 2D porous media fixed bed reactor simulations with DUO: Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) validation test","authors":"E. Daymo, A. Tonkovich, M. Hettel, A. Shirsath","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012004","url":null,"abstract":"Porous media models are commonly used to simulate packed bed reactors in the chemical process industry. There are several porous media energy equation models available, but commonly a single energy equation for both the fluid and solid phases is selected. Such an approach has been applied to OpenFOAM, with validation testing done using DUO (DETCHEM und OpenFOAM) for a Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) application. Using a popular kinetics mechanism for this reaction, a good fit between simulation and experiment was observed.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012001
M Taylor, Y H Mozumder, A D Smith, A E Davis, F Scenini, P B Prangnell, E J Pickering
As-built high-strength steel wire-arc additive manufactured (WAAM) components often contain coarse columnar prior austenite grain (PAG) structures. These microstructures can result in poor mechanical properties, hence post-build re-austenitisation treatments are of interest to improve microstructures. Here, the potential for engineering austenite refinement was investigated using high-temperature in-situ EBSD with high temporal resolution. It was found that 300M first austenitised with a memory effect, reforming the columnar PAG structures in both morphology and crystallographic orientation. This was observed to occur by the coalescence of acicular austenite and happened earlier in the depleted dendritic regions. On further heating, austenite underwent recrystallisation without the application of external deformation via a discontinuous mechanism, involving the bulging of the prior high angle boundaries. Recrystallisation twins were also seen to form and grow alongside regular recrystallised grains. The predominance of discontinuous recrystallisation meant that a coarse grain structure was still retained after austenitisation, owing to the influence of a grain ‘swapping’ effect.
{"title":"In-Situ EBSD Study of Austenitisation in a Wire-Arc Additively Manufactured High-Strength Steel","authors":"M Taylor, Y H Mozumder, A D Smith, A E Davis, F Scenini, P B Prangnell, E J Pickering","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012001","url":null,"abstract":"As-built high-strength steel wire-arc additive manufactured (WAAM) components often contain coarse columnar prior austenite grain (PAG) structures. These microstructures can result in poor mechanical properties, hence post-build re-austenitisation treatments are of interest to improve microstructures. Here, the potential for engineering austenite refinement was investigated using high-temperature in-situ EBSD with high temporal resolution. It was found that 300M first austenitised with a memory effect, reforming the columnar PAG structures in both morphology and crystallographic orientation. This was observed to occur by the coalescence of acicular austenite and happened earlier in the depleted dendritic regions. On further heating, austenite underwent recrystallisation without the application of external deformation via a discontinuous mechanism, involving the bulging of the prior high angle boundaries. Recrystallisation twins were also seen to form and grow alongside regular recrystallised grains. The predominance of discontinuous recrystallisation meant that a coarse grain structure was still retained after austenitisation, owing to the influence of a grain ‘swapping’ effect.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012042
C Zhang, S Ahmed, V K Nadimpalli, T Yu, D Juul Jensen
During operation, many 3D printed components are likely to be exposed to external strains and/or high temperatures. However, the thermomechanical behaviours, e.g. plastic deformation and recrystallization, have not been thoroughly analysed, and are interesting to study because of the complex microstructure introduced by 3D printing. In the present work, the microstructural evolution and change in hardness during plastic deformation and recrystallization have been characterized in austenitic stainless steel 316L samples manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. The focus is on the recrystallization kinetics in both the as-printed and the plastically deformed state. It is discussed how these results compare to results for conventionally manufactured samples. The present study suggests that the inhomogeneity of 3D printed samples significantly affects the recrystallization behaviour.
在运行过程中，许多 3D 打印部件可能会受到外部应变和/或高温的影响。然而，热机械行为，如塑性变形和再结晶，尚未得到深入分析，而由于三维打印引入了复杂的微观结构，因此对其进行研究很有意义。在本研究中，我们对激光粉末床熔融技术制造的奥氏体不锈钢 316L 样品在塑性变形和再结晶过程中的微观结构演变和硬度变化进行了表征。重点研究了打印状态和塑性变形状态下的再结晶动力学。研究还讨论了这些结果与传统制造样品结果的比较。本研究表明，三维打印样品的不均匀性会显著影响再结晶行为。
{"title":"Recrystallization kinetics in 3D printed 316L stainless steel","authors":"C Zhang, S Ahmed, V K Nadimpalli, T Yu, D Juul Jensen","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012042","url":null,"abstract":"During operation, many 3D printed components are likely to be exposed to external strains and/or high temperatures. However, the thermomechanical behaviours, e.g. plastic deformation and recrystallization, have not been thoroughly analysed, and are interesting to study because of the complex microstructure introduced by 3D printing. In the present work, the microstructural evolution and change in hardness during plastic deformation and recrystallization have been characterized in austenitic stainless steel 316L samples manufactured by laser powder bed fusion. The focus is on the recrystallization kinetics in both the as-printed and the plastically deformed state. It is discussed how these results compare to results for conventionally manufactured samples. The present study suggests that the inhomogeneity of 3D printed samples significantly affects the recrystallization behaviour.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012005
James Q Feng
To design functional devices meeting the performance requirements for Aerosol Jet® (AJ) printing to deposit ink on substrate by a collimated impinging mist jet, understanding the internal mist flow behaviour is important. Herewith a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is presented with an OpenFOAM software package, for development of a mist flow diverter in the AJ printing equipment. The function of such a mist flow diverter is to direct a mist flow with specified flow rate to the deposition nozzle for printing the ink material onto substrate and to divert the mist flow away when the nozzle moves over a substrate location where ink deposition is unwanted. The CFD results can reveal detailed mist flow behaviour during mist flow switching for quantitative analysis of mist front travelling time through different regions. It is shown that such an internal pneumatic diverter inevitably brings noticeable on-delay and off-delay, more so for finer feature printing with lower mist flow rate due to time needed for mist droplets to travel from the mist flow switching chamber to substrate. Moreover, the on-delay and off-delay also come with gradual fade-in and fade-out effects in printed features especially when the substrate is moving at a considerable speed. Presented here is but one example of CFD analysis applied to performance examination of a commercial vacuum-boost diverter, although the established computational model has also been utilized to guide equipment design with evaluations of the effects of different geometric shapes and sizes by virtue of the convenience for CFD domain geometry and mesh adjustments.
{"title":"OpenFOAM simulations for development of a mist flow diverter in aerosol jet printing","authors":"James Q Feng","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012005","url":null,"abstract":"To design functional devices meeting the performance requirements for Aerosol Jet® (AJ) printing to deposit ink on substrate by a collimated impinging mist jet, understanding the internal mist flow behaviour is important. Herewith a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is presented with an OpenFOAM software package, for development of a mist flow diverter in the AJ printing equipment. The function of such a mist flow diverter is to direct a mist flow with specified flow rate to the deposition nozzle for printing the ink material onto substrate and to divert the mist flow away when the nozzle moves over a substrate location where ink deposition is unwanted. The CFD results can reveal detailed mist flow behaviour during mist flow switching for quantitative analysis of mist front travelling time through different regions. It is shown that such an internal pneumatic diverter inevitably brings noticeable on-delay and off-delay, more so for finer feature printing with lower mist flow rate due to time needed for mist droplets to travel from the mist flow switching chamber to substrate. Moreover, the on-delay and off-delay also come with gradual fade-in and fade-out effects in printed features especially when the substrate is moving at a considerable speed. Presented here is but one example of CFD analysis applied to performance examination of a commercial vacuum-boost diverter, although the established computational model has also been utilized to guide equipment design with evaluations of the effects of different geometric shapes and sizes by virtue of the convenience for CFD domain geometry and mesh adjustments.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012033
J Q Chang, Y N Wu, Z B Zhang
Titanium alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing usually exhibit significant heterogeneity in grain size and morphology. Recrystallization treatment is an effective approach to alter the microstructure and achieve a more homogeneous structure. In this study, recrystallization and grain growth behaviours of a metastable β titanium alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and direct energy deposition (DED) were investigated. The LPBF sample developed a chessboard-like microstructure, with considerable variations in grain size and morphology across molten pools. Recrystallization started from the boundary of these pools, where grains were finer and the stored energy was higher. The DED sample had a heterogeneous structure with alternating layers of equiaxed grains and columnar grains oriented with <100> along the building direction. Results obtained from in-situ EBSD demonstrated that grain growth occurred preferentially in regions with fine equiaxed grains, and regions with columnar grains showed limited grain growth due to the relatively lower driving force and mobility.
{"title":"Effect of microstructural heterogeneity and grain morphology on the annealing behavior of additively manufactured metastable β titanium alloy","authors":"J Q Chang, Y N Wu, Z B Zhang","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012033","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing usually exhibit significant heterogeneity in grain size and morphology. Recrystallization treatment is an effective approach to alter the microstructure and achieve a more homogeneous structure. In this study, recrystallization and grain growth behaviours of a metastable β titanium alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and direct energy deposition (DED) were investigated. The LPBF sample developed a chessboard-like microstructure, with considerable variations in grain size and morphology across molten pools. Recrystallization started from the boundary of these pools, where grains were finer and the stored energy was higher. The DED sample had a heterogeneous structure with alternating layers of equiaxed grains and columnar grains oriented with <100> along the building direction. Results obtained from in-situ EBSD demonstrated that grain growth occurred preferentially in regions with fine equiaxed grains, and regions with columnar grains showed limited grain growth due to the relatively lower driving force and mobility.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012030
J Schulz, E C Santos, A Kalliath, B Schmaling, P Zok, S Siegert, I S Dandu, KH Lindner, E Bruder, K Durst
A complete workflow of parameter development and process qualification of a part manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) AM technique requires data of porosity, pore morphology, distortion and static mechanical properties. Using a combination of two non-destructive techniques: Computed tomography and indentation testing, the influence of printing parameters on defect types and part density in L-PBF of Ti-6Al-4V is described. In addition, the results using the combined method are compared to conventional testing methods.
{"title":"Influence of printing parameters on part density in L-BPF of Ti-6Al-4V and correlation with static mechanical properties measured using indentation testing","authors":"J Schulz, E C Santos, A Kalliath, B Schmaling, P Zok, S Siegert, I S Dandu, KH Lindner, E Bruder, K Durst","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012030","url":null,"abstract":"A complete workflow of parameter development and process qualification of a part manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) AM technique requires data of porosity, pore morphology, distortion and static mechanical properties. Using a combination of two non-destructive techniques: Computed tomography and indentation testing, the influence of printing parameters on defect types and part density in L-PBF of Ti-6Al-4V is described. In addition, the results using the combined method are compared to conventional testing methods.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012002
Roberto Carbone, Joel Enrique Guerrero Rivas, Eric Segalerba, Jan Oscar Pralits
Hypersonic flight presents several difficulties linked to the important viscous dissipation of kinetic energy on the surface of a vehicle which causes the need for relevant Thermal Protection Systems, reduces communication efficiency due to air ionization and creates an important pressure load due to the stagnation point on the fuselage. Those effects are enlarged by the presence of a shock wave with its strength growing in the case of a blunt body-shaped vehicle. The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of the static device called “Aerospike” to reduce the effects induced by the hypersonic flight of a blunt body, in particular with respect to the average surface temperature, the pressure load and drag coefficient. After having studied a base case, an optimization process to define an optimal shape both for the aerospike and the aerodisk are presented.
{"title":"Aerospike: Mission Simulation and Optimal Design Using Openfoam and Dakota","authors":"Roberto Carbone, Joel Enrique Guerrero Rivas, Eric Segalerba, Jan Oscar Pralits","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1312/1/012002","url":null,"abstract":"Hypersonic flight presents several difficulties linked to the important viscous dissipation of kinetic energy on the surface of a vehicle which causes the need for relevant Thermal Protection Systems, reduces communication efficiency due to air ionization and creates an important pressure load due to the stagnation point on the fuselage. Those effects are enlarged by the presence of a shock wave with its strength growing in the case of a blunt body-shaped vehicle. The aim of this work is to study the effectiveness of the static device called “Aerospike” to reduce the effects induced by the hypersonic flight of a blunt body, in particular with respect to the average surface temperature, the pressure load and drag coefficient. After having studied a base case, an optimization process to define an optimal shape both for the aerospike and the aerodisk are presented.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012039
P Snopiński, T Yu, X Zhang, D Juul Jensen
In this study, we investigated the effect of multi-pass shot peening (SP) on the microstructural evolution of a Laser Powder Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg alloy. Characterization techniques included optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results revealed that multi-pass SP induces a gradient microstructure with notable alterations in the grain structure extending to a depth of approximately 45 μm. EBSD analysis revealed that the SP treatment induced grain refinement and formation of subgrains (average distances between boundaries vary from 3.6 μm in the un-deformed area to 0.4 μm near the heavily deformed surface area). It is discussed how this refined microstructure following SP may lead to substantial improvements in mechanical properties and fatigue strength, and thus hold promises for increased performance of critical components across various industrial applications.
{"title":"Effect of multi-pass shot peening on the microstructure of LPBF AlSi10Mg alloy","authors":"P Snopiński, T Yu, X Zhang, D Juul Jensen","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012039","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated the effect of multi-pass shot peening (SP) on the microstructural evolution of a Laser Powder Bed Fusion AlSi10Mg alloy. Characterization techniques included optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results revealed that multi-pass SP induces a gradient microstructure with notable alterations in the grain structure extending to a depth of approximately 45 μm. EBSD analysis revealed that the SP treatment induced grain refinement and formation of subgrains (average distances between boundaries vary from 3.6 μm in the un-deformed area to 0.4 μm near the heavily deformed surface area). It is discussed how this refined microstructure following SP may lead to substantial improvements in mechanical properties and fatigue strength, and thus hold promises for increased performance of critical components across various industrial applications.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/011002
All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• Type of peer review: Single Anonymous• Conference submission management system: Morressier• Number of submissions received: 49• Number of submissions sent for review: 49• Number of submissions accepted: 45• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 91.8• Average number of reviews per paper: 2• Total number of reviewers involved: 9• Contact person for queries:Name: Jytte LaursenEmail: risoesymp@construct.dtu.dkAffiliation: Technical University of Denmark
{"title":"Peer Review Statement","authors":"","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/011002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/011002","url":null,"abstract":"All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• <bold>Type of peer review:</bold> Single Anonymous• <bold>Conference submission management system:</bold> Morressier• <bold>Number of submissions received:</bold> 49• <bold>Number of submissions sent for review:</bold> 49• <bold>Number of submissions accepted:</bold> 45• <bold>Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100):</bold> 91.8• <bold>Average number of reviews per paper:</bold> 2• <bold>Total number of reviewers involved:</bold> 9• <bold>Contact person for queries:</bold><bold>Name:</bold> Jytte Laursen<bold>Email:</bold> risoesymp@construct.dtu.dk<bold>Affiliation:</bold> Technical University of Denmark","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012025
S Rangaraj, S S I Ahmed, A Davis, P J Withers, A Gholinia
Alloys produced through additive manufacturing (AM) offer substantial advantages, particularly in controlling material utilisation and precisely manipulating processing parameters, resulting in finely tuned material properties. However, the grain structure of AM material is typically complex, influenced by factors such as solidification dynamics, processing parameters, thermal gradients, and residual stress. Fatigue analysis shows considerable scatter due to entrained defects which limits their use as structural components. In this study, fatigue-failed samples from selective laser melted (SLM) AlSi10Mg alloy, oriented horizontal and vertical to the build direction were analysed to understand crack propagation paths. Here X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) was used to examine internal porosity from which fatigue cracks initiate, complemented by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping. This enabled us to recognize the crucial role of the complex grain microstructure in controlling fatigue crack propagation.
通过增材制造（AM）生产的合金具有很大的优势，特别是在控制材料利用率和精确控制加工参数方面，从而实现了材料性能的微调。然而，AM 材料的晶粒结构通常比较复杂，受到凝固动力学、加工参数、热梯度和残余应力等因素的影响。疲劳分析表明，由于夹杂缺陷，AM 材料的分布相当不均匀，这限制了其作为结构部件的应用。本研究分析了选择性激光熔化（SLM）AlSi10Mg 合金的疲劳失效样品，样品的水平方向和垂直于构建方向，以了解裂纹的传播路径。在这里，我们使用 X 射线计算机断层扫描 (CT) 来检查内部孔隙率，并辅以电子反向散射衍射 (EBSD) 测绘，发现疲劳裂纹正是从内部孔隙率开始的。这使我们认识到复杂的晶粒微结构在控制疲劳裂纹扩展方面的关键作用。
{"title":"Understanding fatigue crack propagation pathways in Additively Manufactured AlSi10Mg","authors":"S Rangaraj, S S I Ahmed, A Davis, P J Withers, A Gholinia","doi":"10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1310/1/012025","url":null,"abstract":"Alloys produced through additive manufacturing (AM) offer substantial advantages, particularly in controlling material utilisation and precisely manipulating processing parameters, resulting in finely tuned material properties. However, the grain structure of AM material is typically complex, influenced by factors such as solidification dynamics, processing parameters, thermal gradients, and residual stress. Fatigue analysis shows considerable scatter due to entrained defects which limits their use as structural components. In this study, fatigue-failed samples from selective laser melted (SLM) AlSi10Mg alloy, oriented horizontal and vertical to the build direction were analysed to understand crack propagation paths. Here X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) was used to examine internal porosity from which fatigue cracks initiate, complemented by electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) mapping. This enabled us to recognize the crucial role of the complex grain microstructure in controlling fatigue crack propagation.","PeriodicalId":14483,"journal":{"name":"IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142187408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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