Graphene-based nanocomposite have significant applicability in catalysis, electronics, medicine, and energy. In this report silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) nanocomposite was prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal process using silver nitrate as a precursor. Under hydrothermal process Graphene oxide (GO) was reduced to reduced graphene oxide (RGO), without using chemical reagents. As synthesized (Ag-RGO) nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, UV Vis-spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope, and Raman spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activities of the composite were investigated against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results demonstrate that Ag-RGO nanocomposite was a strong bactericide against Gram-negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated for bare GO, Ag and Ag-RGO nanocomposite by DPPH radical scavenging assay. It was observed that Ag/RGO nanocomposite has enhanced antioxidant activity than bare GO and Ag.
{"title":"One Pot Hydrothermal Synthesis Characterizations Of Silver Nanoparticles On Reduced Graphene Oxide For Its Enhanced Antibacterial And Antioxidant Properties.","authors":"R. Rajeswari, H. Prabu, Dr.M. Amutha","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005016469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005016469","url":null,"abstract":"Graphene-based nanocomposite have significant applicability in catalysis, electronics, medicine, and energy. In this report silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) nanocomposite was prepared by a one-pot hydrothermal process using silver nitrate as a precursor. Under hydrothermal process Graphene oxide (GO) was reduced to reduced graphene oxide (RGO), without using chemical reagents. As synthesized (Ag-RGO) nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, UV Vis-spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscope, and Raman spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activities of the composite were investigated against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results demonstrate that Ag-RGO nanocomposite was a strong bactericide against Gram-negative bacteria. Antioxidant activity was evaluated for bare GO, Ag and Ag-RGO nanocomposite by DPPH radical scavenging assay. It was observed that Ag/RGO nanocomposite has enhanced antioxidant activity than bare GO and Ag.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77027127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Novel copper(II)-Schiff base derivatives were prepared in 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) molar ratio reaction in ethanol. These compounds were characterized by infrared, UV-VIS, conductivity measurements, elemental analysis and melting point (decomposition). Dimers of general formula [Cu(L)(H2O)]2.H2O {L = 3-hmp (1) or 4-hmp (3)} and [Cu(hmyp)Cl2]2 (4) were prepared and a monomer of [Cu(3-hmp)2(H2O)Cl2].H2O (2). These chemicals are non-electrolytes and have the chloride ions bonded to the metal in terminal, bridging and trans position to the metal, performing geometric patterns of a square planar and square pyramidal arrangements. The UV-VIS of these complexes showed electronic transitions of molar extinction coefficients () between 10 and 10 3 L mol -1 cm -1 related to Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) bands and d-d transitions. The bioassay of the ligands and the metal derivatives were screened against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillis), and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) microorganisms. Complex-4 and the ligands hmyp and 4-hmp showed minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) in the range of 190 to 1020 M (40 to 350 g mL) against these microorganisms but complex-1, 2 and 3 were not active.
在乙醇中以1:1和1:2 (M:L)摩尔比反应制备了新型铜(II)-希夫碱衍生物。这些化合物通过红外、紫外-可见、电导率、元素分析和熔点(分解)进行了表征。通式[Cu(L)(H2O)]二聚体2。制备了H2O {L = 3-hmp(1)或4-hmp(3)}和[Cu(hmyp)Cl2]2(4)，并得到了单体[Cu(3-hmp)2(H2O)Cl2]。这些化学物质是非电解质，氯离子在末端与金属结合，桥接和移位到金属上，呈现方形平面和方形金字塔排列的几何图案。这些配合物的UV-VIS显示出与金属到配体电荷转移(MLCT)带和d-d跃迁有关的10 ~ 10 3 L mol -1 cm -1之间的摩尔消光系数的电子跃迁。配体和金属衍生物对革兰氏阳性菌(金黄色葡萄球菌和枯草芽孢杆菌)和革兰氏阴性菌(大肠杆菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌)进行了生物测定。配合物-4和配体hmyp和4-hmp对这些微生物的最小抑制浓度(MIC)在190 ~ 1020M(40 ~ 350g mL)范围内，而配合物-1、2和3没有活性。
{"title":"Synthesis, Characterisation and Antimicrobial Activity of Dimeric and Monomeric Copper(II)-Schiff base Complexes","authors":"Ane F. Santos, L. Oliveira, J. Maia","doi":"10.9790/5736-0912015462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-0912015462","url":null,"abstract":"Novel copper(II)-Schiff base derivatives were prepared in 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) molar ratio reaction in ethanol. These compounds were characterized by infrared, UV-VIS, conductivity measurements, elemental analysis and melting point (decomposition). Dimers of general formula [Cu(L)(H2O)]2.H2O {L = 3-hmp (1) or 4-hmp (3)} and [Cu(hmyp)Cl2]2 (4) were prepared and a monomer of [Cu(3-hmp)2(H2O)Cl2].H2O (2). These chemicals are non-electrolytes and have the chloride ions bonded to the metal in terminal, bridging and trans position to the metal, performing geometric patterns of a square planar and square pyramidal arrangements. The UV-VIS of these complexes showed electronic transitions of molar extinction coefficients () between 10 and 10 3 L mol -1 cm -1 related to Metal-to-Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) bands and d-d transitions. The bioassay of the ligands and the metal derivatives were screened against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtillis), and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) microorganisms. Complex-4 and the ligands hmyp and 4-hmp showed minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) in the range of 190 to 1020 M (40 to 350 g mL) against these microorganisms but complex-1, 2 and 3 were not active.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74649590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies on Anti-Inflammation Activity of Phenols Using Newly Introduced Balaban Indices","authors":"Dipika Sharma, Priyanka Mukadam","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005012022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005012022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86476531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Objective of this project was to develop biodegradable and environmentally friendly polymers using starch blended with polyethylene (PE) by extrusion where starch content ranged between 0 and 15%. The samples of varying compositions were molded into plates and films. A portion of the specimens were exposed to sunlight and the rest buried underground. The deterioration of the starch-polyethlene composites following exposure was determined by measuring changes in tensile properties, flexural properties, SEM imaging and FTIR analysis of the samples. The mechanical properties of these samples were assessed to determine their feasibility as a packaging material. It was found that the addition of starch to the polyethylene decreases its tensile strength. Young’s modulus increased as a function of the amount of starch. Chemical structure was found degraded. Rate of degradation was different. Samples become very brittle and lose its strength within one month of exposure. SEM analysis revealed fractures and pores as a consequence of microorganism degradation. Pure PE samples however remained unchanged.
{"title":"Study of Process Parameters for Making Biodegradable Linear Low Density Polyethylene in Natural Weathering Conditions","authors":"R. Amin, D. Begum, A. Gafur","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005027990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005027990","url":null,"abstract":"The Objective of this project was to develop biodegradable and environmentally friendly polymers using starch blended with polyethylene (PE) by extrusion where starch content ranged between 0 and 15%. The samples of varying compositions were molded into plates and films. A portion of the specimens were exposed to sunlight and the rest buried underground. The deterioration of the starch-polyethlene composites following exposure was determined by measuring changes in tensile properties, flexural properties, SEM imaging and FTIR analysis of the samples. The mechanical properties of these samples were assessed to determine their feasibility as a packaging material. It was found that the addition of starch to the polyethylene decreases its tensile strength. Young’s modulus increased as a function of the amount of starch. Chemical structure was found degraded. Rate of degradation was different. Samples become very brittle and lose its strength within one month of exposure. SEM analysis revealed fractures and pores as a consequence of microorganism degradation. Pure PE samples however remained unchanged.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85807404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Sandhya, M. Dhananjaya, N. Guru-Prakash, A. Lakshmi-Narayana, P. Rosaiah, O. Hussain
Nanocrystalline V2O5 thin films were deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering at various substrate temperatures keeping O2 to Ar ratio at 1:8. The microstructural features were studied by XRD and Raman measurements while the surface topography and grain size of the films by AFM. The films deposited at 250 ̊C exhibited predominant (001) orientation representing the orthorhombic crystal structure with Pmmn space group. The observation of well resolved vanadyle mode at 993 cm -1 and very strong vibrational mode at 142cm -1 in Raman spectrum confirms the formation of layered like structure. The surface of the film is comprised of nanocrystallites with an average grain size of 32 nm and surface roughness of 14 nm. The V2O5 thin films deposited on Ni substrates exhibited good electrochemical performance with high specific capacitance of 238 F/g current density of 1 mAcm -2 with good cycling stability.
{"title":"Structural And Supercapacitive Performance Of V2O5 Thin Films Prepared By DC Magnetron Sputtering","authors":"G. Sandhya, M. Dhananjaya, N. Guru-Prakash, A. Lakshmi-Narayana, P. Rosaiah, O. Hussain","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005026469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005026469","url":null,"abstract":"Nanocrystalline V2O5 thin films were deposited by dc-magnetron sputtering at various substrate temperatures keeping O2 to Ar ratio at 1:8. The microstructural features were studied by XRD and Raman measurements while the surface topography and grain size of the films by AFM. The films deposited at 250 ̊C exhibited predominant (001) orientation representing the orthorhombic crystal structure with Pmmn space group. The observation of well resolved vanadyle mode at 993 cm -1 and very strong vibrational mode at 142cm -1 in Raman spectrum confirms the formation of layered like structure. The surface of the film is comprised of nanocrystallites with an average grain size of 32 nm and surface roughness of 14 nm. The V2O5 thin films deposited on Ni substrates exhibited good electrochemical performance with high specific capacitance of 238 F/g current density of 1 mAcm -2 with good cycling stability.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80839986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to various natural and anthropogenic activities, quality of water was deteriorated in most towns of the country. These changes make or forced the community to depend on unsafe and poor water consumption. River Gudar is one of the rivers found in towns of the country, and exposed to many anthropogenic activities done around the town. Importance of river Gudar is strongly linked to Domestic consumption, Irrigation, Industrial (HAEF) and other public health. Under the investigation physicochemical parameters and selected heavy metals for the quality of river Gudar for drinking purpose were characterized. The laboratory results for both physicochemical parameters and selected heavy metals were: Alkalinity (154 ± 15.556 mg/L), pH (8.44), Electrical Conductivity (316.47 ± 72.802 Scm -1 ), TDS (149.37 ± 20.64 mg/L), Ammonia (41.00 ± 1.19 mg/L), Phosphate (3.50 ± 0.32mg/L), Total Hardness (156.87 ± 8.46 mg/L CaCO3), Sodium (17.44 ± 2.87mg/L), Potassium (8.51 ± 0.33 mg/L) and some selected heavy metals such as Cu (0.29 ± 0.04 mg/L ), Pb (2.5 ± 0.25 mg/L), Zn (0.63 ± 0.24 mg/L), Cd (0.79 ± 0.19 mg/L) and Ag (0.35 ± 0.17 mg/L) for water sample.
{"title":"Characterization of Physicochemical Water Quality Parameters of River Gudar (Oromia region, West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia) for Drinking Purpose","authors":"Bizualem Wakuma Olbasa","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005014752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005014752","url":null,"abstract":"Due to various natural and anthropogenic activities, quality of water was deteriorated in most towns of the country. These changes make or forced the community to depend on unsafe and poor water consumption. River Gudar is one of the rivers found in towns of the country, and exposed to many anthropogenic activities done around the town. Importance of river Gudar is strongly linked to Domestic consumption, Irrigation, Industrial (HAEF) and other public health. Under the investigation physicochemical parameters and selected heavy metals for the quality of river Gudar for drinking purpose were characterized. The laboratory results for both physicochemical parameters and selected heavy metals were: Alkalinity (154 ± 15.556 mg/L), pH (8.44), Electrical Conductivity (316.47 ± 72.802 Scm -1 ), TDS (149.37 ± 20.64 mg/L), Ammonia (41.00 ± 1.19 mg/L), Phosphate (3.50 ± 0.32mg/L), Total Hardness (156.87 ± 8.46 mg/L CaCO3), Sodium (17.44 ± 2.87mg/L), Potassium (8.51 ± 0.33 mg/L) and some selected heavy metals such as Cu (0.29 ± 0.04 mg/L ), Pb (2.5 ± 0.25 mg/L), Zn (0.63 ± 0.24 mg/L), Cd (0.79 ± 0.19 mg/L) and Ag (0.35 ± 0.17 mg/L) for water sample.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73891110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick Ehi Imoisili, O. Fadare, A. Popoola, A. Okoronkwo
Natural fiber extracted from Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) fibers were treated with alkaline and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) —acetone solution at various concentrations for different soaking time. In order to identify the effect of this chemical modification on the mechanical properties and surface morphology of the fiber, Instron testing machine and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used. Mechanical properties test results reveals that chemical treatment substantially improve the strength of treated fiber and increase it bulk density. Optimum tensile strength of 690Mpa was obtained after treatment; while Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrographs indicate enhance surface roughness of treated fibres. Treated Fibres with 0.05% KMnO4-acetone solution for 3min (05K3) was found to the highest tensile strength, enhance uniform surface roughness, and bulk density.
{"title":"Effect of Chemical Treatment on the Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) Fiber","authors":"Patrick Ehi Imoisili, O. Fadare, A. Popoola, A. Okoronkwo","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005017073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005017073","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fiber extracted from Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) fibers were treated with alkaline and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) —acetone solution at various concentrations for different soaking time. In order to identify the effect of this chemical modification on the mechanical properties and surface morphology of the fiber, Instron testing machine and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used. Mechanical properties test results reveals that chemical treatment substantially improve the strength of treated fiber and increase it bulk density. Optimum tensile strength of 690Mpa was obtained after treatment; while Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) micrographs indicate enhance surface roughness of treated fibres. Treated Fibres with 0.05% KMnO4-acetone solution for 3min (05K3) was found to the highest tensile strength, enhance uniform surface roughness, and bulk density.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90503924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.9790/5736-10050296100
Poonam S. Patil, S. Chavan, R. Toche, A. D. Bhole, V. Patil, Pankaj B. Aware
Series of tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-N, N-dimethylformamidine derivatives were synthesized from 2-amino-4, 5, 6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile. The new derivatives were checked good antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans, and A. Niger microbes.
{"title":"Synthesis of (3-Cyano-4, 5, 6, 7-Tetrahydrobenzo [B] Thiophen-2- Yl) Formamidine Derivatives as Effective Antimicrobial Agents","authors":"Poonam S. Patil, S. Chavan, R. Toche, A. D. Bhole, V. Patil, Pankaj B. Aware","doi":"10.9790/5736-10050296100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-10050296100","url":null,"abstract":"Series of tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-N, N-dimethylformamidine derivatives were synthesized from 2-amino-4, 5, 6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carbonitrile. The new derivatives were checked good antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans, and A. Niger microbes.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88391895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. OluwasinaO., J. WahabO., C. UmunnaQ., O. C. Nwosa
The increasing use of starch as alternative raw material for petroleum based chemical has been creating pressure on the food chain as most starches are obtained from food sources like cassava. There is therefore need to secure alternative starch source from non-edible underutilized plant materials. This study seeks evaluate the suitability of starch extracted from wild bitter yam (DioscoreadumetorumPax) for industrial applications, by comparing its physicochemical properties with that of cassava starch. Results revealed that bitter yam starch has relatively better physicochemical parameters. It possesses a desirable lower moisture content of 10.69±0.09% against 12.38±0.03% of cassava starch. Amylose/amylopectin percentage ratio was 75.79±1/24.21±1.00 and 78.40±1.77/21.60±1.77 for bitter yam and cassava starch respectively. Furthermore, the higher swelling capacities, moisture sorption capacity and gelatinization temperature recorded for bitter yam starch are pointer to its potential in certain food-related applications; paints, paper and adhesives production; and as pharmaceutical excipients. The ash content and pH was found to be 0.437±0.15% and 6.9±0.2 for bitter yam starch while cassava starch recorded 0.418±0.17% and 8±0.4. All the obtained values are within the recommended official specification for starch and suggest that bitter yam starch could be a promising source of cheap starch for industrial uses.
{"title":"Dioscorea dumetorum Pax as an Alternative Starch Source for Industrial Applications","authors":"O. OluwasinaO., J. WahabO., C. UmunnaQ., O. C. Nwosa","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005020513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005020513","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing use of starch as alternative raw material for petroleum based chemical has been creating pressure on the food chain as most starches are obtained from food sources like cassava. There is therefore need to secure alternative starch source from non-edible underutilized plant materials. This study seeks evaluate the suitability of starch extracted from wild bitter yam (DioscoreadumetorumPax) for industrial applications, by comparing its physicochemical properties with that of cassava starch. Results revealed that bitter yam starch has relatively better physicochemical parameters. It possesses a desirable lower moisture content of 10.69±0.09% against 12.38±0.03% of cassava starch. Amylose/amylopectin percentage ratio was 75.79±1/24.21±1.00 and 78.40±1.77/21.60±1.77 for bitter yam and cassava starch respectively. Furthermore, the higher swelling capacities, moisture sorption capacity and gelatinization temperature recorded for bitter yam starch are pointer to its potential in certain food-related applications; paints, paper and adhesives production; and as pharmaceutical excipients. The ash content and pH was found to be 0.437±0.15% and 6.9±0.2 for bitter yam starch while cassava starch recorded 0.418±0.17% and 8±0.4. All the obtained values are within the recommended official specification for starch and suggest that bitter yam starch could be a promising source of cheap starch for industrial uses.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74207700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microparticles were prepared using Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating Water Pennywort) and subsequently used as adsorbent for Cd(II) from aqueous solution in batch systems. The optimum conditions for Cd (II) adsorption were investigated by varying the parameters: initial Cd (II) concentration, pH value, contact time, and adsorbent dose. It was shown that the optimum parameters for Cd(II) adsorption were pH 5.0, dosage 2 g/L, initial Cd (II) concentration 50 mg/L and contact time 240 minutes. The results showed a Langmuir maximum adsorption value of 20.41 mg/g and a separation factor between 0.72 and 0.91, suggesting a feasible adsorption process. An E value of 5.59 kJ/mol which was obtained using the Dubinin Radushkevich model indicated that the adsorption process was physical in nature. The structure of micro-particles was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The EDX profile shows that most inorganic impurities present were totally removed during the steam explosion process. The functional groups present in micro-particles, which have the potential to take part in adsorption are hydroxyl groups as confirmed by the FT-IR spectra. The study showed that the material is a good adsorbent.
{"title":"Synthesis of micro-particles using Hydrocotyle Ranunculoides (Floating Water Pennywort) and their use in Cadmium adsorption.","authors":"Nichodimus Hokonya, C. Mahamadi","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005021423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005021423","url":null,"abstract":"Microparticles were prepared using Hydrocotyle ranunculoides (Floating Water Pennywort) and subsequently used as adsorbent for Cd(II) from aqueous solution in batch systems. The optimum conditions for Cd (II) adsorption were investigated by varying the parameters: initial Cd (II) concentration, pH value, contact time, and adsorbent dose. It was shown that the optimum parameters for Cd(II) adsorption were pH 5.0, dosage 2 g/L, initial Cd (II) concentration 50 mg/L and contact time 240 minutes. The results showed a Langmuir maximum adsorption value of 20.41 mg/g and a separation factor between 0.72 and 0.91, suggesting a feasible adsorption process. An E value of 5.59 kJ/mol which was obtained using the Dubinin Radushkevich model indicated that the adsorption process was physical in nature. The structure of micro-particles was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The EDX profile shows that most inorganic impurities present were totally removed during the steam explosion process. The functional groups present in micro-particles, which have the potential to take part in adsorption are hydroxyl groups as confirmed by the FT-IR spectra. The study showed that the material is a good adsorbent.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74991575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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