The inhibitory behavior of Piper guineense leaves extract and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract on corrosion of mild steel in 2.5M HCl solution, are comparatively studied using gravimetrical and gasometrical methods respectively. The results obtained showed that both Piper guineense leaves extract and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract efficiently inhibit corrosion of mild steel in concentrated corrosive medium. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the extract concentration but decreased with rise in temperature. Both plant extracts showed almost 100% inhibition efficiency at concentration of 0.5g/l. The corrosion inhibition properties of the two plant extracts is attributed to adsorption of the phytochemical molecules on the surface of the mild steel creating a barrier between the mild steel and the corrosive solution, and the adsorption of the extracts fitted into Langmuir adsorption isotherm. A study of the trends in thermodynamic parameters like activation energy and heat of adsorption indicated that both Piper guineense leaves and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extracts were physically adsorbed to the metal surface, and the reaction was spontaneous and exothermic.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Mild Steel Corrosion Inhibition of Piper Guineense Leaves Extract and Vernonia Amygdalina Leaves Extract in Concentrated Corrosive Medium","authors":"N. E. Ibisi, D. Okoroafor, C. Amuta","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005027078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005027078","url":null,"abstract":"The inhibitory behavior of Piper guineense leaves extract and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract on corrosion of mild steel in 2.5M HCl solution, are comparatively studied using gravimetrical and gasometrical methods respectively. The results obtained showed that both Piper guineense leaves extract and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extract efficiently inhibit corrosion of mild steel in concentrated corrosive medium. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in the extract concentration but decreased with rise in temperature. Both plant extracts showed almost 100% inhibition efficiency at concentration of 0.5g/l. The corrosion inhibition properties of the two plant extracts is attributed to adsorption of the phytochemical molecules on the surface of the mild steel creating a barrier between the mild steel and the corrosive solution, and the adsorption of the extracts fitted into Langmuir adsorption isotherm. A study of the trends in thermodynamic parameters like activation energy and heat of adsorption indicated that both Piper guineense leaves and Vernonia amygdalina leaves extracts were physically adsorbed to the metal surface, and the reaction was spontaneous and exothermic.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74261405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An attempt has made to study the influence of NaCl on the micellar behaviour of some cationic surfactants by conductivity measurements. With increase in concentration of salt, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTABr) decreases. For example, the CMCs of CTABr in 0.5,1, 2.5 and 5mM solutions of NaCl were 0.95, 0.89, 0.70, 0.51 respectively. The degree of dissociation i.e. β and Gibbs free energy of micellization, ΔG o mic, was also determined for each CMC value.
通过电导率的测定，研究了NaCl对某些阳离子表面活性剂胶束行为的影响。随着盐浓度的增加，十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTABr)的临界胶束浓度(CMC)降低。例如，CTABr在0.5、1、2.5和5mM NaCl溶液中的cmc分别为0.95、0.89、0.70、0.51。测定了各CMC值的解离度(β)和胶束吉布斯自由能(ΔG o mic)。
{"title":"Influence of NACL on the Micellar Behaviour of Some Cationic Surfactans","authors":"P. Vatta, R. Kaur","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005020104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005020104","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt has made to study the influence of NaCl on the micellar behaviour of some cationic surfactants by conductivity measurements. With increase in concentration of salt, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTABr) decreases. For example, the CMCs of CTABr in 0.5,1, 2.5 and 5mM solutions of NaCl were 0.95, 0.89, 0.70, 0.51 respectively. The degree of dissociation i.e. β and Gibbs free energy of micellization, ΔG o mic, was also determined for each CMC value.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74584247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Air Transport and Tourism in Indonesia","authors":"Ir. Prasadja Ricardianto, Dr.Gunawan Djajaputra, Prof.Dr. Martono","doi":"10.9790/5736-1005010119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1005010119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83584839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstrasct: There is a vast variety of naturally occurring glycosides which have marked pharmacological properties. These glycosides have widely diversed functional groups modifications which result in influencing pharmacological performance of corresponding glycosides. The 3,6-disubstituted-s-triazolo[3,4b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles were glucosidated with 2,3,4,6tetra-o-acetyl α D glulopryanosyl bromide using simple methodologies. The compounds obtained in good yield in a 80-90 minutes.
{"title":"Simple and Eco-friendly Synthesis of Glycosides bearing triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole moiety linked through N atoms","authors":"S. K. Bhat, Jagjeet Singh","doi":"10.9790/5736-1004014649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1004014649","url":null,"abstract":"Abstrasct: There is a vast variety of naturally occurring glycosides which have marked pharmacological properties. These glycosides have widely diversed functional groups modifications which result in influencing pharmacological performance of corresponding glycosides. The 3,6-disubstituted-s-triazolo[3,4b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles were glucosidated with 2,3,4,6tetra-o-acetyl α D glulopryanosyl bromide using simple methodologies. The compounds obtained in good yield in a 80-90 minutes.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75044097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe3O4(GSACFe3O4) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.
{"title":"Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Using Groundnut Shell Activated Carbon Coated With Fe2O3","authors":"S. Imam, M. Abdullahi","doi":"10.9790/5736-1004012225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1004012225","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, activated carbon prepared from groundnut shells (GSAC) by sulphuric acid treatment was coated with Fe3O4(GSACFe3O4) and tested for its efficiency as an adsorbentfor the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution. The structural morphology and functional groups present were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Various sorption parameters such as effect of pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and adsorbent dosage were studied. The percentage removal of methylene blue increased with decrease in initial methylene blue concentration and increased with increase in contact time and dose of the adsorbent. Equilibrium data were analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Kinetic data were studied using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order kinetic models.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75795344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Some new complexes of uranyl (VI) metal ion with different anions (viz. Cl-,I-,NO-3 and OAc ) have been synthesized using azoester ligand. Complexes were characterized by traditional methods viz. melting point measurements, conductivity measurements. These were also characterized by modern spectral methods viz. IR including far IR, UV –vis. spectra. Thermal studies specially DTA studies of representative have also been done and reported. Some of the complexes were also screened against selected microbes to check their antimicrobial activities. Coordination number of these complexes are proposed to be 8, 10 and 12 and tentative structures of the complexes are also reported in the present paper.
{"title":"Synthesis and Studies of Some New Dioxouranium (VI) Complexes with Azoester Ligands","authors":"A. Kishor, S. A.K, C. A.S.","doi":"10.9790/5736-1004011221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1004011221","url":null,"abstract":"Some new complexes of uranyl (VI) metal ion with different anions (viz. Cl-,I-,NO-3 and OAc ) have been synthesized using azoester ligand. Complexes were characterized by traditional methods viz. melting point measurements, conductivity measurements. These were also characterized by modern spectral methods viz. IR including far IR, UV –vis. spectra. Thermal studies specially DTA studies of representative have also been done and reported. Some of the complexes were also screened against selected microbes to check their antimicrobial activities. Coordination number of these complexes are proposed to be 8, 10 and 12 and tentative structures of the complexes are also reported in the present paper.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91222171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hussien, Walid Fathalla, F. Mahmoud, M. Megahed
2-Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid (L1) metal complexes with Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions were studied and the structure of the complexes were elucidated using elemental analyses, infrared (IR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic moment and thermal analysis measurements. Besides the characterization of complexes by physicochemical technique, Biological activities of the synthesized complexes were examined against some microbial strains for evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities.
研究了2-苯基-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-4-氧基)-乙酸(L1)与Mn 2+、Co 2+、Ni 2+ Cu 2+、Zn 2+离子的配合物，并用元素分析、红外(IR)、1h核磁共振(NMR)、磁矩和热分析等方法对配合物的结构进行了表征。除了对配合物进行理化表征外，还对合成的配合物进行了生物活性检测，以评价其抗菌和抗真菌活性。
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of some metal complexes of 2- Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid and their Biological Application","authors":"M. Hussien, Walid Fathalla, F. Mahmoud, M. Megahed","doi":"10.9790/5736-1003012132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1003012132","url":null,"abstract":"2-Phenyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-4-yloxy)-acetic acid (L1) metal complexes with Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ Cu 2+ , and Zn 2+ ions were studied and the structure of the complexes were elucidated using elemental analyses, infrared (IR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic moment and thermal analysis measurements. Besides the characterization of complexes by physicochemical technique, Biological activities of the synthesized complexes were examined against some microbial strains for evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84096622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ultrasonic velocity (u), density (ρ), viscosity (η) and related acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), free energy (∆G), internal pressure (πi), relaxation time (τ) and acoustic impedance (z) have been computed using standard relation for tetra alkyl ammonium cation (Et4N + , Pr4N + , Bu4N + , and Pen4N + ) in binary liquid mixtures of 1, 4 Dioxane and N, N – Dimethyl Formamide was prepared of 0.14M on different percentage compositions over the temperature range from 303.15K to 323.15K with the interval of 10K under room pressure to investigate inter ionic interactions. The densities were measured by Magnetic Float Densitometer. Transport properties provide a deep and meaningful insight of various interactions taking place. It has been observed that the influence of small as well as large alkyl chain length of tetra alkyl ammonium cations (R4N + ), in terms of shape and ionic size with the DMF solvent in the presence of Dioxane, is helpful in investigating the molecular interactions, molecular rearrangement, molecular association etc.
{"title":"Influence of Tetra Alkyl Ammonium Cation and Temperature on Molecular Interactions Involves in Binary Liquid Mixtures of Dioxane and DMF at Various Temperatures","authors":"I. Saxena, Vijay Kumar, R. Devi","doi":"10.9790/5736-1004012636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1004012636","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrasonic velocity (u), density (ρ), viscosity (η) and related acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (β), free energy (∆G), internal pressure (πi), relaxation time (τ) and acoustic impedance (z) have been computed using standard relation for tetra alkyl ammonium cation (Et4N + , Pr4N + , Bu4N + , and Pen4N + ) in binary liquid mixtures of 1, 4 Dioxane and N, N – Dimethyl Formamide was prepared of 0.14M on different percentage compositions over the temperature range from 303.15K to 323.15K with the interval of 10K under room pressure to investigate inter ionic interactions. The densities were measured by Magnetic Float Densitometer. Transport properties provide a deep and meaningful insight of various interactions taking place. It has been observed that the influence of small as well as large alkyl chain length of tetra alkyl ammonium cations (R4N + ), in terms of shape and ionic size with the DMF solvent in the presence of Dioxane, is helpful in investigating the molecular interactions, molecular rearrangement, molecular association etc.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91452816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze an existing natural gas transmission pipeline – the 24-inch, 5km gas export pipeline of the Amenam-Kpono field, Niger Delta, Nigeria – to determine properties such as pressure, temperature, density, flow velocity and, in particular, dew point, occurring at different segments of the pipeline, and to compare these with normal pipeline conditions in order to identify the segments most susceptible to condensation/hydrate formation so that cost-effective and efficient preventive/remedial actions can be taken. The analysis shows that high pressure and low temperature favor condensation/hydrate formation, and that because these conditions are more likely in the lower half of the pipeline system, remedial/preventive measures such as heating/insulation and inhibition injection should be channeled into that segment for cost optimization..
{"title":"An Offshore Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline Model and Analysis for the Prediction and Detection of Condensate/Hydrate Formation Conditions","authors":"A. Orga, J. I. Obibuenyi, M. Nwozuzu","doi":"10.9790/5736-1003013339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1003013339","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze an existing natural gas transmission pipeline – the 24-inch, 5km gas export pipeline of the Amenam-Kpono field, Niger Delta, Nigeria – to determine properties such as pressure, temperature, density, flow velocity and, in particular, dew point, occurring at different segments of the pipeline, and to compare these with normal pipeline conditions in order to identify the segments most susceptible to condensation/hydrate formation so that cost-effective and efficient preventive/remedial actions can be taken. The analysis shows that high pressure and low temperature favor condensation/hydrate formation, and that because these conditions are more likely in the lower half of the pipeline system, remedial/preventive measures such as heating/insulation and inhibition injection should be channeled into that segment for cost optimization..","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91362993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Six types of wheat bran (Emam, Pohean, Wadielneel, Argeen, Pladi and Debeira) investigated for their biological and antioxidant activities. Physiochemical properties carried for their oil. The polar and nonpolar extracts showed antioxidant activity. These results showed the importance of the wheat bran types as nutritive and medicinal plant. All plant bran types investigated for its biological activity as antifungal and antibacterial. Some types of the plant bran extracts showed antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, some types of the extracts showed antifungal activity towards Candida albicans, and Aspergillusniger. Polar and nonpolar extracts of the plant bran types prepared. The petroleum ether extracts subjected to determination by GC/ MS. It showed different major fatty acids as Linoleic acid followed by Linolelaidic acid and then Palmatic acid. The ethanolic extract of Plaid type separated by column chromatography. The isolated constituents were structurally determined using spectrophotometric analysis as IR, UV, and GC/MS. The ethanolic extract components may be esters and ketones as suggested by GC/MS and their functional groups appeared in the IR readings.
{"title":"Antimicrobial activities of Six Types of Wheat Bran","authors":"F. A. Elhassan, S. Gadir","doi":"10.9790/5736-1003016169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-1003016169","url":null,"abstract":"Six types of wheat bran (Emam, Pohean, Wadielneel, Argeen, Pladi and Debeira) investigated for their biological and antioxidant activities. Physiochemical properties carried for their oil. The polar and nonpolar extracts showed antioxidant activity. These results showed the importance of the wheat bran types as nutritive and medicinal plant. All plant bran types investigated for its biological activity as antifungal and antibacterial. Some types of the plant bran extracts showed antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, some types of the extracts showed antifungal activity towards Candida albicans, and Aspergillusniger. Polar and nonpolar extracts of the plant bran types prepared. The petroleum ether extracts subjected to determination by GC/ MS. It showed different major fatty acids as Linoleic acid followed by Linolelaidic acid and then Palmatic acid. The ethanolic extract of Plaid type separated by column chromatography. The isolated constituents were structurally determined using spectrophotometric analysis as IR, UV, and GC/MS. The ethanolic extract components may be esters and ketones as suggested by GC/MS and their functional groups appeared in the IR readings.","PeriodicalId":14488,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82767749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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