Introduction: Bone Marrow examination is an important diagnostic tool to evaluate various hematological and non-hematological diseases including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. The two separate but inter-related techniques are used such as Bone marrow aspiration(BMA) and Bone marrow biopsy(BMB) along with in the recent days introduction of Flow cytometry analysis and cytogenetic study have taken an important diagnostic tool to reach a definitive diagnosis and all these diagnostic processes are complimentary to each other. Aim and objective: This study is aimed to assess and correlate the diagnostic value of simultaneous BMA and BMB along with Flow cytometric interpretations in different hematological malignancies and non-neoplastic hematological and nonhematological diseases to establish a final diagnosis. Materials And Methods: This study involved bone marrow analysis in 164 patients out of which in 158 cases both BMA and BMB was performed simultaneously along with flow cytometry and cytogenetic study was done on some hematological malignancies and a correlation was done between all these procedures. Criteria of inclusion included the main indications for performing this procedure, the availability of full clinical data and patient consent. Result: In the present study, out of 158 cases with simultaneous BMA and BMB procedures were performed simultaneously showed 85.4% positive correlation between these two procedures. However, it was found that in cases of myelofibrosis, non-hodgkin’s lymphoma, myeloproliferative disorders and granulomas, involvement of marrow was detected better in bone marrow biopsies. And also simultaneous flowcytometry and cytogenetic analysis gives strong confirmatory diagnosis in hematological malignancies to know the origin, genetic alteration and minimal residual disease in follow –up cases for targeted therapy. Conclusion: This study concludes that in routine hematological practice BMA, BMB, Flow cytometry and Cytogenetic, all are complimentary to each other which should be done simultaneously for the better diagnostic and prognostic point of view.
{"title":"A Comparative Evaluation of Simultaneous Bone Marrow Aspiration And Bone Marrow Biopsy Interpretations In Routine Hematology Practice with Special Reference to Flow Cytometry And Cytogenetic Analysis","authors":"Raka Hota, T. Bhuyan, Sukumar Chakrabarty, Ramesh Chandra Mohanty, Raghumani Mohanty","doi":"10.9790/0853-1607015360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1607015360","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bone Marrow examination is an important diagnostic tool to evaluate various hematological and non-hematological diseases including both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions. The two separate but inter-related techniques are used such as Bone marrow aspiration(BMA) and Bone marrow biopsy(BMB) along with in the recent days introduction of Flow cytometry analysis and cytogenetic study have taken an important diagnostic tool to reach a definitive diagnosis and all these diagnostic processes are complimentary to each other. Aim and objective: This study is aimed to assess and correlate the diagnostic value of simultaneous BMA and BMB along with Flow cytometric interpretations in different hematological malignancies and non-neoplastic hematological and nonhematological diseases to establish a final diagnosis. Materials And Methods: This study involved bone marrow analysis in 164 patients out of which in 158 cases both BMA and BMB was performed simultaneously along with flow cytometry and cytogenetic study was done on some hematological malignancies and a correlation was done between all these procedures. Criteria of inclusion included the main indications for performing this procedure, the availability of full clinical data and patient consent. Result: In the present study, out of 158 cases with simultaneous BMA and BMB procedures were performed simultaneously showed 85.4% positive correlation between these two procedures. However, it was found that in cases of myelofibrosis, non-hodgkin’s lymphoma, myeloproliferative disorders and granulomas, involvement of marrow was detected better in bone marrow biopsies. And also simultaneous flowcytometry and cytogenetic analysis gives strong confirmatory diagnosis in hematological malignancies to know the origin, genetic alteration and minimal residual disease in follow –up cases for targeted therapy. Conclusion: This study concludes that in routine hematological practice BMA, BMB, Flow cytometry and Cytogenetic, all are complimentary to each other which should be done simultaneously for the better diagnostic and prognostic point of view.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"110 1","pages":"53-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84900469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.9790/0853-160702114119
H. Wageh, A. Mm, Salah A. Hegazy, Mostafa Az
Aim: study the effect of double-arm clasps as retainer units for bilateral mandibular distal extension removable partial denture regard: Study of stress analysis applied on the abutments (in-vitro) and abutment alveolar bone height changes (in-vivo).The retainer clasps includes: Reverse circlet clasp and Modified Half-and-Half clasp assembly. Materials and methods: In-vitro study: Model RPD distal extension with three frameworks of different retainer units for stress analysis. In-vivo study: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, fifteen patients with completely edentulous maxilla and remaining mandibular eight anterior teeth including 1st premolar. They were randomly divided to three groups. All patients received maxillary complete denture. Group I: where distal extension RPD designed with Reverse circlet clasp. Group II: where distal extension RPD designed with modified halfandhalf clasp assembly without distal occlusal rest and retentive clasp arm arising from anterior occlusal rest. Group III: where distal extension RPD designed with modified Half and Half clasp assembly without distal occlusal rest and modified retentive clasp arm arising from proximal guiding plate. The abutment tooth was evaluated radio graphically by digital periapical radiographs after insertion, after 6 months and after 12months after denture insertion. Results: Group I (Reverse circlet clasp) significant increase in bone resorption of abutment compared to those in Group II and Group III (modified half-and-half clasp assembly). From stress point of view, in bilateral loading group I applied more stress to abutment compared to group II and III. Conclusion: Group II &III modified half-and-half clasp assemblies (stress releasing clasp assembly) superior to reverse circlet clasp regard to abutment alveolar bone resorption of distal extension cases. Reverse circlet clasp (Group I) not purely stress releasing by disengagement regarding double arm clasp utilize for this purpose. From stress transmitted point of view (bilateral loading), modified half-and-half clasp assembly (group II) exhibit less stresses transmitted to the abutment than exhibit in group III as a result obtained in this study (in-vitro) that minimize abutment alveolar bone resorption compared to group I to group II& III. This research recommends the application of a new stress releasing clasp designs for distal extension RPD (modified halfand-half clasp assemblies as in group II & III). These assemblies should be added to retainer units of stress releasing action by disengagement.
{"title":"Double-Arm Clasp with Anterior Placed Occlusal Rest Retained Mandibular Distal Extension Removable Partial Denture - Stress Analysis and Alveolar Bone Height Changes of Abutments.","authors":"H. Wageh, A. Mm, Salah A. Hegazy, Mostafa Az","doi":"10.9790/0853-160702114119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-160702114119","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: study the effect of double-arm clasps as retainer units for bilateral mandibular distal extension removable partial denture regard: Study of stress analysis applied on the abutments (in-vitro) and abutment alveolar bone height changes (in-vivo).The retainer clasps includes: Reverse circlet clasp and Modified Half-and-Half clasp assembly. Materials and methods: In-vitro study: Model RPD distal extension with three frameworks of different retainer units for stress analysis. In-vivo study: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, fifteen patients with completely edentulous maxilla and remaining mandibular eight anterior teeth including 1st premolar. They were randomly divided to three groups. All patients received maxillary complete denture. Group I: where distal extension RPD designed with Reverse circlet clasp. Group II: where distal extension RPD designed with modified halfandhalf clasp assembly without distal occlusal rest and retentive clasp arm arising from anterior occlusal rest. Group III: where distal extension RPD designed with modified Half and Half clasp assembly without distal occlusal rest and modified retentive clasp arm arising from proximal guiding plate. The abutment tooth was evaluated radio graphically by digital periapical radiographs after insertion, after 6 months and after 12months after denture insertion. Results: Group I (Reverse circlet clasp) significant increase in bone resorption of abutment compared to those in Group II and Group III (modified half-and-half clasp assembly). From stress point of view, in bilateral loading group I applied more stress to abutment compared to group II and III. Conclusion: Group II &III modified half-and-half clasp assemblies (stress releasing clasp assembly) superior to reverse circlet clasp regard to abutment alveolar bone resorption of distal extension cases. Reverse circlet clasp (Group I) not purely stress releasing by disengagement regarding double arm clasp utilize for this purpose. From stress transmitted point of view (bilateral loading), modified half-and-half clasp assembly (group II) exhibit less stresses transmitted to the abutment than exhibit in group III as a result obtained in this study (in-vitro) that minimize abutment alveolar bone resorption compared to group I to group II& III. This research recommends the application of a new stress releasing clasp designs for distal extension RPD (modified halfand-half clasp assemblies as in group II & III). These assemblies should be added to retainer units of stress releasing action by disengagement.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"114-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91079304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.9790/0853-160603121125
Partiksha Partiksha, R. Bhatia, C. Vij, G. Bedi
Background: Preeclampsia syndrome is clinical spectrum of worsening disease with attenuated manifestations to cataclysmic deterioration, Life threatening for both mother and fetus. It affects 5-10% of all pregnancies & forms deadly triad with haemorrhage and infection being a direct cause of maternal mortality. Preeclampsia is associated with hyper insulinemia, increased insulin resistance which induces hypertriglyceridemia, endothelial dysfunction. It may lead to preeclampsia in genetically predisposed pregnant women. Association of high serum lipids with gestational protinuric hyerptension is highly suggestive of role for lipid profile analysis as diagnostic tool for preeclampisa. Aims & Objective: To evaluate and correlate fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy in ≥ 20 wks gestation. Material & methods: This is prospective observational study undertaken for one year on 40 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 25 normal pregnant women in tertiary care hospital in North India. Fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile were evaluated in all 65 pregnant women in study and control group. Results: Mean age 26.±4.48 years, 25.0±2.79 years, mean period of gestation 32.38±2.53 wks, 29.48 ± 2.50 weeks in study & control group respectively were comparable. 52% patients in both the groups were primigravida. Mean fasting plasma insulin levels in study group i.e. 53.3 μIU/ml was significantly higher than, 16.35 μIU/ml in control group. Insulin resistance (HOMA IR index) in preeclampsia was 10.33, significantly high compared to 3.04 in normotensive pregnant women. Lipid profileserum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL were significantly raised in preeclampsia compared to control group. Conclusion: Highly significant increase in fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile compared to normotensive pregnant females is a diagnostic tool for early diagnosis and management of preeclampsia step towards reducing maternal mortality and adverse fetal outcome.
{"title":"Evaluation And Correlation of Insulin Resistance And Lipid Profile In Normal Pregnancy And Preeclampsia","authors":"Partiksha Partiksha, R. Bhatia, C. Vij, G. Bedi","doi":"10.9790/0853-160603121125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-160603121125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preeclampsia syndrome is clinical spectrum of worsening disease with attenuated manifestations to cataclysmic deterioration, Life threatening for both mother and fetus. It affects 5-10% of all pregnancies & forms deadly triad with haemorrhage and infection being a direct cause of maternal mortality. Preeclampsia is associated with hyper insulinemia, increased insulin resistance which induces hypertriglyceridemia, endothelial dysfunction. It may lead to preeclampsia in genetically predisposed pregnant women. Association of high serum lipids with gestational protinuric hyerptension is highly suggestive of role for lipid profile analysis as diagnostic tool for preeclampisa. Aims & Objective: To evaluate and correlate fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy in ≥ 20 wks gestation. Material & methods: This is prospective observational study undertaken for one year on 40 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 25 normal pregnant women in tertiary care hospital in North India. Fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile were evaluated in all 65 pregnant women in study and control group. Results: Mean age 26.±4.48 years, 25.0±2.79 years, mean period of gestation 32.38±2.53 wks, 29.48 ± 2.50 weeks in study & control group respectively were comparable. 52% patients in both the groups were primigravida. Mean fasting plasma insulin levels in study group i.e. 53.3 μIU/ml was significantly higher than, 16.35 μIU/ml in control group. Insulin resistance (HOMA IR index) in preeclampsia was 10.33, significantly high compared to 3.04 in normotensive pregnant women. Lipid profileserum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL were significantly raised in preeclampsia compared to control group. Conclusion: Highly significant increase in fasting plasma insulin levels, insulin resistance and lipid profile compared to normotensive pregnant females is a diagnostic tool for early diagnosis and management of preeclampsia step towards reducing maternal mortality and adverse fetal outcome.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"121-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83189063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-01DOI: 10.9790/0853-160603108112
C. Dharmaraj, Tina Ann Antony, G. Prasannan
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In Chronic Kidney Disease there is a higher incidence cardiovascular events. Most of the patients with CKD succumb to cardiovascular disease even before they reach the end stage of renal disease. Hence all efforts should be given in earlier stages of CKD to prevent the development of cardiovascular complications. LV diastolic dysfunction is found to antedate LVH and systolic dysfunction. It is not just associated with hemodynamic factors like anaemia and hypertension, but also with uraemia related non hemodynamic factors like secondary hyperparathyroidism, altered mineral metabolism, cardiotrophysin etc. ECHO provides a simple non-invasive method to assess the left ventricular structure and function, which helps us in identifying those prone for cardiovascular complications at an earlier stage of CKD. This study was done to find out the prevalence of LV dysfunction and its correlation with eGFR in CKD patients. METHODS: 50 hypertensive CKD patients and 50 normotensive CKD patients admitted to Government Rajaji Hospital between May 2013 to August 2014 were evaluated for the presence of LV dysfunction and LVH and the results were compared with that of 50 age and sex matched individuals. Patients with acute kidney injury, prior coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, diabetic individuals and CKD patients on renal replacement therapy or transplant patients were excluded from the study. The CKD patients were divided into various stages of CKD based on their eGFR (calculated according to MDRD formula) and they were evaluated by ECHO. Those with an ejection fraction 2 was grade III diastolic dysfunction. This was compared with the ECHO findings of the controls. The collected data was analysed using various statistical methods. RESULTS: 74% of CKD patients had LV diastolic dysfunction (p <0.0001). Diastolic dysfunction was found to occur in 84% of the hypertensive CKD and in 64% of the normotensive CKD (p=0.02). Comparing the CKD normotensives with the control group, 64% among the normotensive CKD had diastolic dysfunction whereas only16% of controls had diastolic dysfunction (p<0.05). There is a negative correlation between the eGFR and diastolic dysfunction. So as the eGFR falls, the diastolic dysfunction increases. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: Even in the absence of hypertension, LV diastolic dysfunction can occur in CKD. This emphasizes the need for correction of not just hemodynamic factors but also the uraemia related factors.
{"title":"A Study on Prevalence of Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Its Correlation with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) in CKD patients","authors":"C. Dharmaraj, Tina Ann Antony, G. Prasannan","doi":"10.9790/0853-160603108112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-160603108112","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: \u0000In Chronic Kidney Disease there is a higher incidence cardiovascular events. Most of the patients with CKD succumb to cardiovascular disease even before they reach the end stage of renal disease. Hence all efforts should be given in earlier stages of CKD to prevent the development of cardiovascular complications. \u0000LV diastolic dysfunction is found to antedate LVH and systolic dysfunction. It is not just associated with hemodynamic factors like anaemia and hypertension, but also with uraemia related non hemodynamic factors like secondary hyperparathyroidism, altered mineral metabolism, cardiotrophysin etc. \u0000ECHO provides a simple non-invasive method to assess the left ventricular structure and function, which helps us in identifying those prone for cardiovascular complications at an earlier stage of CKD. \u0000This study was done to find out the prevalence of LV dysfunction and its correlation with eGFR in CKD patients. \u0000METHODS: \u000050 hypertensive CKD patients and 50 normotensive CKD patients admitted to Government Rajaji Hospital between May 2013 to August 2014 were evaluated for the presence of LV dysfunction and LVH and the results were compared with that of 50 age and sex matched individuals. \u0000Patients with acute kidney injury, prior coronary artery disease, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, diabetic individuals and CKD patients on renal replacement therapy or transplant patients were excluded from the study. The CKD patients were divided into various stages of CKD based on their eGFR (calculated according to MDRD formula) and they were evaluated by ECHO. Those with an ejection fraction 2 was grade III diastolic dysfunction. This was compared with the ECHO findings of the controls. The collected data was analysed using various statistical methods. \u0000RESULTS: \u000074% of CKD patients had LV diastolic dysfunction (p <0.0001). Diastolic dysfunction was found to occur in 84% of the hypertensive CKD and in 64% of the normotensive CKD (p=0.02). \u0000Comparing the CKD normotensives with the control group, 64% among the normotensive CKD had diastolic dysfunction whereas only16% of controls had diastolic dysfunction (p<0.05). \u0000There is a negative correlation between the eGFR and diastolic dysfunction. So as the eGFR falls, the diastolic dysfunction increases. \u0000INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSION: \u0000Even in the absence of hypertension, LV diastolic dysfunction can occur in CKD. This emphasizes the need for correction of not just hemodynamic factors but also the uraemia related factors.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"29 1","pages":"108-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90726522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neha Joshi Tambake, Sumit Tambake, N. Gandhi, Y. Jadhav, K. Madhu, P. Burad
“Stamp technique” is a new technique for restoring class I and class II restorations with accurate occlusal topography. It was introduced mainly to restore Class I cavities and erosively damaged teeth. This technique is possible in teeth where preoperative anatomy of the tooth is intact and not destructed by carious lesion. A precise tooth‐like restoration with an accurate functional occlusion is obtained when the stamp technique is perfomed. This technique is also utilized for class II cavity restorations where marginal ridge is intact .This case report describes simple class I composite restoration using stamp technique. The purpose is to replicate occlusal anatomy by making a copy of the original unprepared tooth structure to get perfect anatomy in few minutes.
{"title":"Stamp technique -New perspective of Aesthetic Dentistry : A Case Report","authors":"Neha Joshi Tambake, Sumit Tambake, N. Gandhi, Y. Jadhav, K. Madhu, P. Burad","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606124951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606124951","url":null,"abstract":"“Stamp technique” is a new technique for restoring class I and class II restorations with accurate occlusal topography. It was introduced mainly to restore Class I cavities and erosively damaged teeth. This technique is possible in teeth where preoperative anatomy of the tooth is intact and not destructed by carious lesion. A precise tooth‐like restoration with an accurate functional occlusion is obtained when the stamp technique is perfomed. This technique is also utilized for class II cavity restorations where marginal ridge is intact .This case report describes simple class I composite restoration using stamp technique. The purpose is to replicate occlusal anatomy by making a copy of the original unprepared tooth structure to get perfect anatomy in few minutes.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"38 1","pages":"49-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73013686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paarthipan Natarajan, S. Mohan, S. Jaiganesh, A. Lata, R. K.V
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Is The Most Commonly Injured Of The Major Knee Ligaments. Injuries Occur Frequently In Both Athletes And Nonathletes. In United States The Prevalence Of ACL Injury Is About 1 In 3000, And Approximately 2,50,000 Injuries Occur Every Year. Prompt Assessment Of Full Extent Of Ligamentous Damage Is Essential For Appropriate Management. Because Of Its Intraarticular Location, The ACL Has Poor Healing Potential. The Ruptured ACL Does Not Form A Bridging Scar After Complete Disruption. The Prognosis For A Partially Torn ACL May Be Favorable, If The Synovial Envelope Remains Intact. Without Treatment Complete ACL Injury Can Result In Progressively Increasing Symptomatic Knee Instability And Osteoarthritis. Meniscus Injury Occurs In Association With 50% Of Acute ACL Tears, And It Increases To 90% In Chronic ACL Deficient Knees. The Incidence Of Articular Cartilage Lesions Increases From 30% In Acute ACL Injuries To Approximately 70% Of Knees With Chronic ACL Instability. The Fundamental Rationale For Diagnosing And Treating ACL Injury Is To Prevent Future Meniscal Tears And Associated Joint Damage. For Treating ACL Injury The Orthopaedician Or Arthroscopist Needs The Answer To Following Questions: 1. Whether ACL Is Normal Or Abnormal? If ACL Is Normal, Invasive Arthroscopy Can Be Avoided In Patients With Suspected ACL Injury. 2. If Abnormal, Whether The Tear Is Complete Or Partial? If Partial Conservative Management Or Repair Can Be Done. However In Complete Tears Reconstruction Needs To Be Done In Most Of Cases. 3. What Is The Status Of Associated Structures Such As PCL, Menisci, MCL, LCL, Posterolateral, Posteromedial Plateau In ACL Injured Patients? Because An Injury To Above Structures Along With Complete Tear Of ACL Needs Early Reconstruction Of ACL. ACL Injury Can Be Diagnosed In Majority Of Patients By History And Clinical Examination. The Clinical Diagnosis Is Fraught With Difficulty In Acute Cases And In Large Patients. Also Partial Tears Are Difficult To Diagnose And The Associated Injuries Could Not Be Completely Evaluated By Clinical Examination. Arthroscopy And Arthrotomy Are The Criterion Standards For Definitive Diagnosis But Are Invasive And Costly. It Can Get Unnecessary If ACL Turns Out To Be Normal. Spiral CT Arthrography Is More Invasive Than Conventional MR Imaging. It Uses Ionizing Radiation And Is Subject To The Potential Complications Inherent In Intraarticular Injection Of Iodinated Contrast Material. The Continuing Need For A Better Non Invasive Imaging Modality For ACL Injury Led To The Use Of MRI As A Diagnostic And Pre- Operative Evaluation Modality. MRI Is A Recently Devised Modality For Evaluation Of ACL And Knee Joint. Imaging Is Done In Sagittal, Axial And Coronal Planes Using T1, T2 And STIR Sequences Using Quadrature Knee Coil. The Following Study Involves Detailed Evaluation ACL Injury And Its Associated Injuries Using MRI And Comparing With
{"title":"MRI Evaluation of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears with Arthroscopic Correlation.","authors":"Paarthipan Natarajan, S. Mohan, S. Jaiganesh, A. Lata, R. K.V","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606121428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606121428","url":null,"abstract":"Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Is The Most Commonly Injured Of The \u0000Major Knee Ligaments. Injuries Occur Frequently In Both Athletes And \u0000Nonathletes. In United States The Prevalence Of ACL Injury Is About 1 In 3000, \u0000And Approximately 2,50,000 Injuries Occur Every Year. Prompt Assessment Of \u0000Full Extent Of Ligamentous Damage Is Essential For Appropriate Management. \u0000Because Of Its Intraarticular Location, The ACL Has Poor Healing \u0000Potential. The Ruptured ACL Does Not Form A Bridging Scar After Complete \u0000Disruption. The Prognosis For A Partially Torn ACL May Be Favorable, If The \u0000Synovial Envelope Remains Intact. Without Treatment Complete ACL Injury Can \u0000Result In Progressively Increasing Symptomatic Knee Instability And \u0000Osteoarthritis. \u0000Meniscus Injury Occurs In Association With 50% Of Acute ACL Tears, And \u0000It Increases To 90% In Chronic ACL Deficient Knees. The Incidence Of Articular \u0000Cartilage Lesions Increases From 30% In Acute ACL Injuries To Approximately \u000070% Of Knees With Chronic ACL Instability. The Fundamental Rationale For \u0000Diagnosing And Treating ACL Injury Is To Prevent Future Meniscal Tears And \u0000Associated Joint Damage. \u0000For Treating ACL Injury The Orthopaedician Or Arthroscopist Needs The \u0000Answer To Following Questions: \u00001. Whether ACL Is Normal Or Abnormal? If ACL Is Normal, \u0000Invasive Arthroscopy Can Be Avoided In Patients With Suspected \u0000ACL Injury. \u00002. If Abnormal, Whether The Tear Is Complete Or Partial? If Partial \u0000Conservative Management Or Repair Can Be Done. However In \u0000Complete Tears Reconstruction Needs To Be Done In Most Of Cases. \u00003. What Is The Status Of Associated Structures Such As PCL, Menisci, \u0000MCL, LCL, Posterolateral, Posteromedial Plateau In ACL \u0000Injured Patients? Because An Injury To Above Structures Along \u0000With Complete Tear Of ACL Needs Early Reconstruction Of ACL. \u0000ACL Injury Can Be Diagnosed In Majority Of Patients By History And \u0000Clinical Examination. The Clinical Diagnosis Is Fraught With Difficulty In Acute \u0000Cases And In Large Patients. Also Partial Tears Are Difficult To Diagnose And The \u0000Associated Injuries Could Not Be Completely Evaluated By Clinical Examination. \u0000Arthroscopy And Arthrotomy Are The Criterion Standards For Definitive \u0000Diagnosis But Are Invasive And Costly. It Can Get Unnecessary If ACL Turns Out To \u0000Be Normal. \u0000Spiral CT Arthrography Is More Invasive Than Conventional MR \u0000Imaging. It Uses Ionizing Radiation And Is Subject To The Potential Complications \u0000Inherent In Intraarticular Injection Of Iodinated Contrast Material. \u0000The Continuing Need For A Better Non Invasive Imaging Modality For ACL \u0000Injury Led To The Use Of MRI As A Diagnostic And Pre- Operative Evaluation \u0000Modality. \u0000MRI Is A Recently Devised Modality For Evaluation Of ACL And Knee \u0000Joint. Imaging Is Done In Sagittal, Axial And Coronal Planes Using T1, T2 And \u0000STIR Sequences Using Quadrature Knee Coil. \u0000The Following Study Involves Detailed Evaluation ACL Injury And Its \u0000Associated Injuries Using MRI And Comparing With","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":"14-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76026083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aims: Elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) surgeries are more prone to shivering induced peroperative complications which anaesthesiologists should aim to prevent rather than treat. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of Inj ramosetron on peroperative shivering and spinal hypotension in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate under subarachnoid block (SAB). Method: In this prospective doubleblind, randomized, comparative study, a total of 60 patients belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) I and II physical status between the age group of 60 to 85 years, scheduled for elective TURP surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly allocated into one of the two groups of thirty patients each. For patients allocated in Group S, 2 ml of normal saline and in group R, 0.3 mg ramosetron (2ml) was intravenously injected 5 min before the SAB. The primary outcome was the reduction in the incidence of shivering by pretreatment with ramosetron. The maximum change in the mean arterial pressure from the base line was the secondary outcome. Using normal approximation to binominal distribution the sample size was calculated. Data collection such as sensory block level, haemodynamic parameters, rectal temperature and grades of shivering were performed at 10 minute intervals. Results: Data among the groups were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) environment. Incidence and intensity of shivering and hypotension were significantly less in R group than the S group (P<0.001) and (P<0.001) respectively. There was no significant difference with respect to heart rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen (SPO2), sensory block level achieved and reduction in the core temperature between the two groups. Conclusion: We conclude that pretreatment with intravenous ramosetron 0.3mg given before spinal anaesthesia in geriatric patients undergoing TURP surgeries effectively reduces the incidence and intensity of shivering and hypotension associated with spinal anaesthesia.
{"title":"Effect of Ramosetron on Peroperative Shivering and Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of Prostate Surgeries under Spinal Anaesthesia. A Prospective, Double Blind, Randomized, Comparative Study.","authors":"B. Vasanthi, Dr.T.Sadagopan. Md.Da","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606120309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606120309","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims: Elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) surgeries are more prone to shivering induced peroperative complications which anaesthesiologists should aim to prevent rather than treat. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of Inj ramosetron on peroperative shivering and spinal hypotension in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate under subarachnoid block (SAB). Method: In this prospective doubleblind, randomized, comparative study, a total of 60 patients belonging to American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) I and II physical status between the age group of 60 to 85 years, scheduled for elective TURP surgeries under spinal anaesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly allocated into one of the two groups of thirty patients each. For patients allocated in Group S, 2 ml of normal saline and in group R, 0.3 mg ramosetron (2ml) was intravenously injected 5 min before the SAB. The primary outcome was the reduction in the incidence of shivering by pretreatment with ramosetron. The maximum change in the mean arterial pressure from the base line was the secondary outcome. Using normal approximation to binominal distribution the sample size was calculated. Data collection such as sensory block level, haemodynamic parameters, rectal temperature and grades of shivering were performed at 10 minute intervals. Results: Data among the groups were compared using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test in Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) environment. Incidence and intensity of shivering and hypotension were significantly less in R group than the S group (P<0.001) and (P<0.001) respectively. There was no significant difference with respect to heart rate, saturation of peripheral oxygen (SPO2), sensory block level achieved and reduction in the core temperature between the two groups. Conclusion: We conclude that pretreatment with intravenous ramosetron 0.3mg given before spinal anaesthesia in geriatric patients undergoing TURP surgeries effectively reduces the incidence and intensity of shivering and hypotension associated with spinal anaesthesia.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"82 1","pages":"03-09"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90649328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Mortality due to early onset neonatal sepsis is much higher than late onset sepsis. Clinical manifestations of the early onset sepsis are non specific. Delay in treatment can lead to complications and death of the neonates. Objective: To detect the sensitivity, specificity and the positive predictive values of the gastric aspirate polymorphs and the acute phase reactants in relation with the blood cultures of the neonates with early onset sepsis. Materials And Methods: Study was conducted at a tertiary care center. 50 neonates were included in the study. Investigations like blood culture, CRP, micro ESR, band cell count and gastric aspirate polymorphs count was done. All the observations were recorded. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and the negative predictive values were calculated based on the observations. Results: In the present it was seen that 41.02% of the cases of neonatal sepsis with GA polymorphs have a sensitivity of 72.72 %, and a positive predictive value of 41.02 % with blood culture. In regard to neonatal sepsis, m-ESR was found to be correlated with a sensitivity and specificity of 54.54% and 67.85 % respectively. In cases of neonatal sepsis, sensitivity and specificity of band forms and blood culture is 78.57% and 75% respectively. Conclusion: The present study concludes that CRP and Band forms are useful in the early detection of early neonatal sepsis as both have high sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values.
{"title":"Correlation of Gastric Aspirate Polymorphs And Acute Phase Reactants (M-Esr, Crp And Band Cell Count) With Blood Culture In Early onset Neonatal Sepsis – A Tertiary Care Study","authors":"Dr.Chandramohan Chekkali, Dr.Narahari Bapanpally, Dr.Ajay Mohan Varahala","doi":"10.9790/0853-1606133642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1606133642","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mortality due to early onset neonatal sepsis is much higher than late onset sepsis. Clinical manifestations of the early onset sepsis are non specific. Delay in treatment can lead to complications and death of the neonates. Objective: To detect the sensitivity, specificity and the positive predictive values of the gastric aspirate polymorphs and the acute phase reactants in relation with the blood cultures of the neonates with early onset sepsis. Materials And Methods: Study was conducted at a tertiary care center. 50 neonates were included in the study. Investigations like blood culture, CRP, micro ESR, band cell count and gastric aspirate polymorphs count was done. All the observations were recorded. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and the negative predictive values were calculated based on the observations. Results: In the present it was seen that 41.02% of the cases of neonatal sepsis with GA polymorphs have a sensitivity of 72.72 %, and a positive predictive value of 41.02 % with blood culture. In regard to neonatal sepsis, m-ESR was found to be correlated with a sensitivity and specificity of 54.54% and 67.85 % respectively. In cases of neonatal sepsis, sensitivity and specificity of band forms and blood culture is 78.57% and 75% respectively. Conclusion: The present study concludes that CRP and Band forms are useful in the early detection of early neonatal sepsis as both have high sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"497 1","pages":"36-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75515546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biostatistics is undesirably seen as a mathematical science. Time now is to reorient the subject with the goal that it makes the most of its legitimate place into medical disciplines as opposed to being dealt with as an outsider subject. The accompanying is a concise blueprint of the arrangement of showing this subject can be extremely persuading to medical undergraduates as the one that satisfies their medical need. In the same way as other fields, public health has grasped the procedure of confirmation based practice to illuminate rehearse choices and to guide arrangement advancement. Prove construct practice is regularly needy upon speculations made with respect to the bases of the current group of learning – osmoses of the exploration writing on a specific subject. The potential utility of logical confirmation for managing strategy and practice choices is grounded in the legitimacy of the exploration examinations whereupon such choices are made. Nonetheless, the legitimacy of inductions produced using the surviving public health research literature requires more than finding out the legitimacy of the bio-statistical methods alone; for each review, the legitimacy of the whole research prepare must be fundamentally examined to the best degree conceivable so that proper conclusions can be drawn, and that suggestions for advancement of sound public health policy and practice can be offered. Bio-statistics has been requested progressively in biomedical research since the 1960s for support in experimental design, mathematical and biostatistician modeling and additionally computational biostatistics. This brought about the foundation of bio-statistical units in colleges, investigate organizations and bigger pharmaceutical companies; an advancement not without unsettling influences and routinely reexamining the part of biostatistics and its avocation at that spots. This paper presents an approach where counseling and skill is joined with participation, on the premise of sound biostatistical science and original bio-statistical research.
{"title":"Impact of Bio-statistics in Medical Sciences","authors":"M. Ahmad","doi":"10.9790/0853-1607026366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1607026366","url":null,"abstract":"Biostatistics is undesirably seen as a mathematical science. Time now is to reorient the subject with the goal that it makes the most of its legitimate place into medical disciplines as opposed to being dealt with as an outsider subject. The accompanying is a concise blueprint of the arrangement of showing this subject can be extremely persuading to medical undergraduates as the one that satisfies their medical need. In the same way as other fields, public health has grasped the procedure of confirmation based practice to illuminate rehearse choices and to guide arrangement advancement. Prove construct practice is regularly needy upon speculations made with respect to the bases of the current group of learning – osmoses of the exploration writing on a specific subject. The potential utility of logical confirmation for managing strategy and practice choices is grounded in the legitimacy of the exploration examinations whereupon such choices are made. Nonetheless, the legitimacy of inductions produced using the surviving public health research literature requires more than finding out the legitimacy of the bio-statistical methods alone; for each review, the legitimacy of the whole research prepare must be fundamentally examined to the best degree conceivable so that proper conclusions can be drawn, and that suggestions for advancement of sound public health policy and practice can be offered. Bio-statistics has been requested progressively in biomedical research since the 1960s for support in experimental design, mathematical and biostatistician modeling and additionally computational biostatistics. This brought about the foundation of bio-statistical units in colleges, investigate organizations and bigger pharmaceutical companies; an advancement not without unsettling influences and routinely reexamining the part of biostatistics and its avocation at that spots. This paper presents an approach where counseling and skill is joined with participation, on the premise of sound biostatistical science and original bio-statistical research.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"63-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80937105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Dr.Prabhakaran., C. Dr.RajeevThilak, D. Isath, D. Pathrose
Pneumoperitoneum in traumatic patients almost always indicates a underlying bowel pathology. We present a case report where pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum associated with Tracheobronchial injury causing/presenting as pneumoperitoneum. Treatment Protocol of such presentation has not yet been standardised due to its rare presentation.
{"title":"A Case Of Pneumoperitoneum In A Patient With Blunt Injury Thorax","authors":"U. Dr.Prabhakaran., C. Dr.RajeevThilak, D. Isath, D. Pathrose","doi":"10.9790/0853-1607028588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1607028588","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumoperitoneum in traumatic patients almost always indicates a underlying bowel pathology. We present a case report where pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum associated with Tracheobronchial injury causing/presenting as pneumoperitoneum. Treatment Protocol of such presentation has not yet been standardised due to its rare presentation.","PeriodicalId":14489,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences","volume":"335 1","pages":"85-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80609466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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