Three different samples of cheese were used to investigate the effect of freeze drying on the nutritional content of local cheese. Sample A was obtained from Bida in Niger state. While samples B and C are obtained from Suleja and Kontagora respectively all in Niger state. The results of the proximate analysis showed that sample A with initial moisture content of 0.62 has a calorific value (calculated from the amount of carbohydrate, protein and fat) of 557.01 Kcal/100g after freeze drying at a temperature of 25 o C and a chamber pressure of 2.7 N/m 2 for 5 hours. This is above the minimum recommended standard value of 465 Kcal/100g by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) for Milk and dairy products. The calcium content was 311 mg lower than the minimum standard value of 1000 mg by FAO and WHO. Samples B and C have calorific values of 511.2 Kcal/100g and 560 Kcal/100g after freeze drying at 25 o C, 27 N/m 2 and 5 hours respectively. These are both above the minimum recommended standard value. The calcium contents for both samples B and C are 311 mg and 304 mg respectively which in both cases are lower than the standard minimum stipulated value by FAO and WHO. With these results, freeze drying can be a good option for drying local cheese in order to retain its nutrients and also increase its shelf-life for later human consumption.
{"title":"Proximate Effect of Drying on the Qualities of Local Cheese Dried With Freeze Dryer","authors":"J. Okafor, M. Adamu, Tsado D.G","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105041318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105041318","url":null,"abstract":"Three different samples of cheese were used to investigate the effect of freeze drying on the nutritional content of local cheese. Sample A was obtained from Bida in Niger state. While samples B and C are obtained from Suleja and Kontagora respectively all in Niger state. The results of the proximate analysis showed that sample A with initial moisture content of 0.62 has a calorific value (calculated from the amount of carbohydrate, protein and fat) of 557.01 Kcal/100g after freeze drying at a temperature of 25 o C and a chamber pressure of 2.7 N/m 2 for 5 hours. This is above the minimum recommended standard value of 465 Kcal/100g by Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) and World Health Organization (WHO) for Milk and dairy products. The calcium content was 311 mg lower than the minimum standard value of 1000 mg by FAO and WHO. Samples B and C have calorific values of 511.2 Kcal/100g and 560 Kcal/100g after freeze drying at 25 o C, 27 N/m 2 and 5 hours respectively. These are both above the minimum recommended standard value. The calcium contents for both samples B and C are 311 mg and 304 mg respectively which in both cases are lower than the standard minimum stipulated value by FAO and WHO. With these results, freeze drying can be a good option for drying local cheese in order to retain its nutrients and also increase its shelf-life for later human consumption.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":"13-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83994372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A comparative study on the hymenopteran diversity with special reference to ants in Thommankuth forest and adjacent areas was carried out for a period of six months from December 2014 to May 2015. The study held in Thommankuth forest and adjacent areas resulted in identifying 19 ant species. They belonged to one family named Formicidae and four subfamilies such as Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae and Dolichoridinae. Out of the total 19 species observed, three species found only in forested areas, whereas four species found only in agricultural area. However 11 species were observed from both the habitats. According to Shannon Weiner diversity index agricultural ecosystem is more diverse (1.04412) than forest ecosystem (1.02115). The study reveals that Thommankuth forest and adjacent areas in the Western Ghats is an excellent habitat for Hymenopteran especially ants.
{"title":"A Comparative Study On The Hymenopteran Diversity With Special Reference To Ants In Thommankuth Forest And Adjacent Areas Of Idukki District In Western Ghats.","authors":"Bany Joy, Gigi K. Joseph","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105020108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105020108","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative study on the hymenopteran diversity with special reference to ants in Thommankuth forest and adjacent areas was carried out for a period of six months from December 2014 to May 2015. The study held in Thommankuth forest and adjacent areas resulted in identifying 19 ant species. They belonged to one family named Formicidae and four subfamilies such as Formicinae, Myrmicinae, Ponerinae and Dolichoridinae. Out of the total 19 species observed, three species found only in forested areas, whereas four species found only in agricultural area. However 11 species were observed from both the habitats. According to Shannon Weiner diversity index agricultural ecosystem is more diverse (1.04412) than forest ecosystem (1.02115). The study reveals that Thommankuth forest and adjacent areas in the Western Ghats is an excellent habitat for Hymenopteran especially ants.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":"01-08"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82525777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation of Outdoor Gamma Dose Rates and Lifetime Cancer Risk in Akoko Region, Ondo State, Southwestern, Nigeria.","authors":"M. AsereA., R. AjayiI.","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105024952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105024952","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"49-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80911957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The decay of Nigeria traditional neighbourhood is a result of uncontrolled population and physical growth. Coupled with this problem, is the total neglect of renewal and maintenance as at when due which eventually led to unplanned development, inadequate provision of social services, as well as infrastructural facilities and environmental degradation. This paper therefore investigates the old traditional neighbourhoods in Oke-Itoku area of Abeokuta, using a well structured questionnaire administered to the residents of the Neighbourhood with a view to finding out the conditions of buildings in the area and how it could be improved. Data gathered from the field work were statistically analysed using various statistical tools such as frequency tables, Pie charts, Line chart and Bar Chart. Findings from the work show that 58.80% of the buildings in the study area are not in good condition and in as such the need for upgrading is essential. In order to achieve sustainable development, there is the need to make the old traditional neighbourhoods of Nigerian cities functional, livable and of good quality; and every house owner, public agencies, private agencies as well as non-governmental organizations have a role to play in this direction.
{"title":"Upgrading the Old Traditional Neighbourhoods in Nigerian Cities: A Case Study of Oke-Itoku Area of Abeokuta","authors":"A. Oguntimehin, E. Bamidele","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105022430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105022430","url":null,"abstract":"The decay of Nigeria traditional neighbourhood is a result of uncontrolled population and physical growth. Coupled with this problem, is the total neglect of renewal and maintenance as at when due which eventually led to unplanned development, inadequate provision of social services, as well as infrastructural facilities and environmental degradation. This paper therefore investigates the old traditional neighbourhoods in Oke-Itoku area of Abeokuta, using a well structured questionnaire administered to the residents of the Neighbourhood with a view to finding out the conditions of buildings in the area and how it could be improved. Data gathered from the field work were statistically analysed using various statistical tools such as frequency tables, Pie charts, Line chart and Bar Chart. Findings from the work show that 58.80% of the buildings in the study area are not in good condition and in as such the need for upgrading is essential. In order to achieve sustainable development, there is the need to make the old traditional neighbourhoods of Nigerian cities functional, livable and of good quality; and every house owner, public agencies, private agencies as well as non-governmental organizations have a role to play in this direction.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"108 1","pages":"24-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80716143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Parvin, L. Mazumder, S. Hasan, Khondkar, Ayaz Rabbani, M. L. Rahman
There is worldwide concern about the management of solid waste generated from the tannery industry, primarily because of its chromium toxicity. In many developing countries the solid tannery waste, which is high in protein content, is utilized as animal feed. Recent studies indicate that there is a link between chromium in solid tannery waste, in the animal feed and in the animals themselves. This review examines the toxicity of chromium in solid tannery waste, separately as Cr(III) and Cr(VI), and discusses management approaches to control the pollution from solid tannery waste. In order to safely continue using solid tannery waste in animal feed, more emphasis should be placed on the management of Cr(VI) rather than on Cr(III). It is possible to decrease the amount of Cr(VI) in solid tannery waste by taking proper steps at different stages of the production of leather and feed. This approach is safe, economical and implementable and may be appropriate for countries which are struggling with tannery waste.
{"title":"What Should We Do With Our Solid Tannery Waste","authors":"S. Parvin, L. Mazumder, S. Hasan, Khondkar, Ayaz Rabbani, M. L. Rahman","doi":"10.9790/2402-1104028289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1104028289","url":null,"abstract":"There is worldwide concern about the management of solid waste generated from the tannery industry, primarily because of its chromium toxicity. In many developing countries the solid tannery waste, which is high in protein content, is utilized as animal feed. Recent studies indicate that there is a link between chromium in solid tannery waste, in the animal feed and in the animals themselves. This review examines the toxicity of chromium in solid tannery waste, separately as Cr(III) and Cr(VI), and discusses management approaches to control the pollution from solid tannery waste. In order to safely continue using solid tannery waste in animal feed, more emphasis should be placed on the management of Cr(VI) rather than on Cr(III). It is possible to decrease the amount of Cr(VI) in solid tannery waste by taking proper steps at different stages of the production of leather and feed. This approach is safe, economical and implementable and may be appropriate for countries which are struggling with tannery waste.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":"82-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88496268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present field experiment was performed in the farmer’s field located in Bambala, TehsilSanganer, Jaipur to determine the effects of vermicompost on Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-896. Seeds of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-896 were exposed to different treatment levels of vermicompost i.e. T1 which was control level (soil without vermicompost), T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6. Plants were harvested at three stages i.e. pre-flowering, peak-flowering and post-flowering stages. With the increase in vermicompost level the root length, shoot length, root dry weight , shoot dry weight and total dry weight were increased to 39.36, 38.55, 36.92, 67.94, 64.26% respectively. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll contents also increased with increasing level of vermicompost to 86.95, 77.61 and 89.95% respectively.
{"title":"Studies on the Effects of Vermicompost on Growth Parameters and Chlorophyll Content of Bengal Gram (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-896","authors":"Preeti Shrimal, T. I. Khan","doi":"10.9790/2402-1105031216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1105031216","url":null,"abstract":"The present field experiment was performed in the farmer’s field located in Bambala, TehsilSanganer, Jaipur to determine the effects of vermicompost on Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-896. Seeds of Bengal gram (Cicer arietinum L.) var. RSG-896 were exposed to different treatment levels of vermicompost i.e. T1 which was control level (soil without vermicompost), T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6. Plants were harvested at three stages i.e. pre-flowering, peak-flowering and post-flowering stages. With the increase in vermicompost level the root length, shoot length, root dry weight , shoot dry weight and total dry weight were increased to 39.36, 38.55, 36.92, 67.94, 64.26% respectively. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll contents also increased with increasing level of vermicompost to 86.95, 77.61 and 89.95% respectively.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"66 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86394413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Abdullahi, Y. Mustapha, I. Indabawa, A. Sindama
The abundance and distribution of phytoplankton algae of Kanye Reservoir was studied from Five (5) sampling sites for the period of five (5) Months and analysed for Physico chemical attributes such as Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand; Nitrogen-Nitrate, Phosphorus-Phosphate and Electrical Conductivity using standard methods. Results showed that the physicochemical characteristics recorded was that of a typical tropical region. The highest cell count(8.8×10 4 )cells/ml was recorded in Site ‘E’, followed by site ‘A’ (6.4×10 4 cells/ml), the least was recorded in site ‘C’ (8.3×10 3 cells/ml) Physico-chemical attribute did not vary significantly among the sites. Four (4) Classes of Algae were identified which was dominated by Chlorophyta 23(46%), followed by Baccilariophyta 20,(40%), Cyanophyceae 5,(10%) with poor representation of the Harmful types by three (3) species namely: Microcystis aeruginosa, Oscillatoria princeps and Anabaena circinalis with a total cell count (9.6×10 3 cells/ml) less than 2×10 4 Cells/ml, there was generally high number of algal cells observed during the wet season than in the dry season. However, Oscillatoria princeps was identified with the highest number of occurrence in both site ‘B’ and ‘’E’ (4.9×10 3 cells/ml) followed by Microcystis aeruginosa and Anabaena cercinalis identified at site ‘E’ and ‘A’ (1.6×10 3 cells/ml and the class with the least number of species was Euglenopyta 2, (4%). L. there was a positive significant correlation between algae and physicochemical attributes of the reservoir. The study showed that the reservoir is not polluted and the water is safe for domestic use since the number of harmful algal cells recorded is relatively low which is within the WHO standard for safe water
{"title":"The Relative Abundance, Distribution and Species Diversity of Phytoplanktons in Kanye Dam in Kano, North western- Nigeria","authors":"Y. Abdullahi, Y. Mustapha, I. Indabawa, A. Sindama","doi":"10.9790/2402-1104012031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1104012031","url":null,"abstract":"The abundance and distribution of phytoplankton algae of Kanye Reservoir was studied from Five (5) sampling sites for the period of five (5) Months and analysed for Physico chemical attributes such as Temperature, pH, Dissolved Oxygen, Biological Oxygen Demand; Nitrogen-Nitrate, Phosphorus-Phosphate and Electrical Conductivity using standard methods. Results showed that the physicochemical characteristics recorded was that of a typical tropical region. The highest cell count(8.8×10 4 )cells/ml was recorded in Site ‘E’, followed by site ‘A’ (6.4×10 4 cells/ml), the least was recorded in site ‘C’ (8.3×10 3 cells/ml) Physico-chemical attribute did not vary significantly among the sites. Four (4) Classes of Algae were identified which was dominated by Chlorophyta 23(46%), followed by Baccilariophyta 20,(40%), Cyanophyceae 5,(10%) with poor representation of the Harmful types by three (3) species namely: Microcystis aeruginosa, Oscillatoria princeps and Anabaena circinalis with a total cell count (9.6×10 3 cells/ml) less than 2×10 4 Cells/ml, there was generally high number of algal cells observed during the wet season than in the dry season. However, Oscillatoria princeps was identified with the highest number of occurrence in both site ‘B’ and ‘’E’ (4.9×10 3 cells/ml) followed by Microcystis aeruginosa and Anabaena cercinalis identified at site ‘E’ and ‘A’ (1.6×10 3 cells/ml and the class with the least number of species was Euglenopyta 2, (4%). L. there was a positive significant correlation between algae and physicochemical attributes of the reservoir. The study showed that the reservoir is not polluted and the water is safe for domestic use since the number of harmful algal cells recorded is relatively low which is within the WHO standard for safe water","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":"20-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75445492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This purpose of this study was to determine a proximate level of bluefin tuna fish bone as gelatin processing byproduct has been done by the Research and Development of East Nusa Tenggara province. The solvent used is 3% palm acid, 3% hydrochloric acid and compared with the control. The data were processed using variance analysis (ANOVA), if there are differences among the treatments then continued with Duncan test using software SPSS.22. The results indicated that proximate level of residual bones affected by gelatin processing. The proximate levels include the levels of protein, fat, water, ash and carbohydrates respectively in TO is as follows 9.65%, 28.88%, 5.82%, 54.79% and 0.853%. In TA was 10.23%, 27.24%, 8.67%, 53.53% and 0.32%, while the fresh tuna fish bones contain protein content of 9.45%, 26.57% fat content, moisture content 8 , 80%, 55.14% ash content and carbohydrate content of 0.037%. Residual bones of gelatin processing are rich with ash content, so be potentially be processed into the bone meal as a source of minerals.
{"title":"Proximate Levels of Bone Bluefin Tuna Fish As Gelatinization By Product","authors":"Suci Istiqlaal","doi":"10.9790/2402-1104021217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1104021217","url":null,"abstract":"This purpose of this study was to determine a proximate level of bluefin tuna fish bone as gelatin processing byproduct has been done by the Research and Development of East Nusa Tenggara province. The solvent used is 3% palm acid, 3% hydrochloric acid and compared with the control. The data were processed using variance analysis (ANOVA), if there are differences among the treatments then continued with Duncan test using software SPSS.22. The results indicated that proximate level of residual bones affected by gelatin processing. The proximate levels include the levels of protein, fat, water, ash and carbohydrates respectively in TO is as follows 9.65%, 28.88%, 5.82%, 54.79% and 0.853%. In TA was 10.23%, 27.24%, 8.67%, 53.53% and 0.32%, while the fresh tuna fish bones contain protein content of 9.45%, 26.57% fat content, moisture content 8 , 80%, 55.14% ash content and carbohydrate content of 0.037%. Residual bones of gelatin processing are rich with ash content, so be potentially be processed into the bone meal as a source of minerals.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"12-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84116227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed at determing value of the index and the sustainability status in terms of ecologic dimension and provide recommendations for policies on grouper aquaculture management in the Saleh Bay. Rap-Insus-Grouper (Rapid Appraisal of Sustainability-Index Grouper) modified from Rapfish program were use in this study. Results showed that the index level of sustainability in terms of ecology dimension were “31.23” for grouper respectively. This value laid between 25.00 and 49.9 indicating that both management status were “Less Sustainable”. These values indicate that the ecologic conditions of that particular site were not supported sustainable management of the grouper aquaculture. Hence, government policing intervention through increased capital, technical training in aquaculture and processing as well as improvement in the market institution are required.
本研究旨在从生态维度确定该指数的价值和可持续性状况，并为萨利赫湾石斑鱼养殖管理政策提供建议。本研究采用Rapfish软件改进的Rapfish - insus -Grouper (Rapid Appraisal of Sustainability-Index Grouper)软件。结果表明:石斑鱼在生态维度上的可持续性指数为31.23;该值介于25.00和49.9之间，表明两种管理状况都是“不可持续的”。这些值表明，该特定地点的生态条件不支持石斑鱼水产养殖的可持续管理。因此，需要政府通过增加资本、水产养殖和加工方面的技术培训以及改善市场制度来进行监督干预。
{"title":"An Analysis of Sustainability Dimensions Ecology Cultivation Groupers in Saleh Bay of Sumbawa District, Indonesia","authors":"M. Marzuki","doi":"10.9790/2402-1104020611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1104020611","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at determing value of the index and the sustainability status in terms of ecologic dimension and provide recommendations for policies on grouper aquaculture management in the Saleh Bay. Rap-Insus-Grouper (Rapid Appraisal of Sustainability-Index Grouper) modified from Rapfish program were use in this study. Results showed that the index level of sustainability in terms of ecology dimension were “31.23” for grouper respectively. This value laid between 25.00 and 49.9 indicating that both management status were “Less Sustainable”. These values indicate that the ecologic conditions of that particular site were not supported sustainable management of the grouper aquaculture. Hence, government policing intervention through increased capital, technical training in aquaculture and processing as well as improvement in the market institution are required.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"06-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82175292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of soil types and characteristics on the growth rateofyam seedlings has been presented. Yam seedlings were planted in two columns consisting of six different soil types and soil electrical resistivity variations due to variabilities in soil properties were measured to monitor growth rates in the different soil types for a period of 8 weeks using 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Result shows high rate of growth for organic rich and well-structured soils than organic deficient and clayish soils. This is attributed to structure, moisture content and nutrient supply of the soil type to crop growth.2D resistivity inverse sections reveal that column 1 exhibit higher resistivity anomalies than column 2 in the study, which is attributed to varying waterholding capacity of the different soil types in each column. Comparison of the growth rate of the yam seedlings and 2D inverse sections revealed that areas with high growth rates correspond to zones of relatively high values of electricalresistivity and low values of resistivity for areas of diminished crop growth. These results reveal that crop growth and yield could be predicted on the basis of electrical resistivity study and therefore, electrical resistivity technique can be adopted in precision farming for soil management and improved crop yield in the study area.
{"title":"The Effect of Soil Types on the Growth Rate of Yam Seedlings Inferred from 2-D Electrical Resistivity Tomography","authors":"C. Ehirim, K. Obike","doi":"10.9790/2402-1103038186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-1103038186","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of soil types and characteristics on the growth rateofyam seedlings has been presented. Yam seedlings were planted in two columns consisting of six different soil types and soil electrical resistivity variations due to variabilities in soil properties were measured to monitor growth rates in the different soil types for a period of 8 weeks using 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT). Result shows high rate of growth for organic rich and well-structured soils than organic deficient and clayish soils. This is attributed to structure, moisture content and nutrient supply of the soil type to crop growth.2D resistivity inverse sections reveal that column 1 exhibit higher resistivity anomalies than column 2 in the study, which is attributed to varying waterholding capacity of the different soil types in each column. Comparison of the growth rate of the yam seedlings and 2D inverse sections revealed that areas with high growth rates correspond to zones of relatively high values of electricalresistivity and low values of resistivity for areas of diminished crop growth. These results reveal that crop growth and yield could be predicted on the basis of electrical resistivity study and therefore, electrical resistivity technique can be adopted in precision farming for soil management and improved crop yield in the study area.","PeriodicalId":14546,"journal":{"name":"IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology","volume":"71 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83896450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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