Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v14i1.57562
Aarati Regmi
A Separation, a family drama, reflects the struggle and negotiations within people's life. The film revolves around a middle-class Tehran couple's disagreement over where and how to live and move further leads to the growing conflict. Nader and Simin's partial split becomes only one of the reasons that push the whole family into a problem. The story quietly and cleverly combines elements of family melodrama and legal thriller. With a textual analysis, this paper addresses the performance strategies of characters, besides, the movie captures the frustrations of city life; it reflects not only the modern Iranian life but every everyday life of the globe. So, this paper studies the film from Ervin Goffman's dramaturgical approach as it finely embraces human-restored behavior that includes conflict, relationships, secrets, and other elements in everyday life. It also emphasizes the way people present themselves in front and backstage of their everyday life. However, it displays peoples’ performance in their daily relationships and how they react toward it. Furthermore, this paper depicts and reflects that every family adheres to moral dilemmas and relationship negotiations, yet it is complex and multi-faceted.
{"title":"Moral Dilemmas and Negotiations in a Relationship: A Performance Study","authors":"Aarati Regmi","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v14i1.57562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v14i1.57562","url":null,"abstract":"A Separation, a family drama, reflects the struggle and negotiations within people's life. The film revolves around a middle-class Tehran couple's disagreement over where and how to live and move further leads to the growing conflict. Nader and Simin's partial split becomes only one of the reasons that push the whole family into a problem. The story quietly and cleverly combines elements of family melodrama and legal thriller. With a textual analysis, this paper addresses the performance strategies of characters, besides, the movie captures the frustrations of city life; it reflects not only the modern Iranian life but every everyday life of the globe. So, this paper studies the film from Ervin Goffman's dramaturgical approach as it finely embraces human-restored behavior that includes conflict, relationships, secrets, and other elements in everyday life. It also emphasizes the way people present themselves in front and backstage of their everyday life. However, it displays peoples’ performance in their daily relationships and how they react toward it. Furthermore, this paper depicts and reflects that every family adheres to moral dilemmas and relationship negotiations, yet it is complex and multi-faceted.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123357692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47466
Mohan Dagaura
This paper critically unravels the themes of Jhumra folk dance-songs of Dangaura Tharu of Nepal. On its interpretation, it discusses the imaginative representation of nature and human relationship in Jhumra songs appropriating the notions of the folklore performance of Richard Schechner and Alan Dundes. The paper appropriates Tharu Jhumra dance songs: Chhaila To, Jone Panah Gaili, Baigam Ture and Karam Lage Aag voiced by Mani Ram Tharu. The songs reflect the romantic fantasy and the suffering of the folks. Jhumra serves as the distinct dance repeatedly performed by the community throughout the year. Along with this, the brief reference of Robert Burns has also been fetched to spell out the modern revival and revisualization of folklores by the medium of YouTube and other commercial online platforms. Jhumra songs comprise the lyrics that romanticize and de-romanticize nature with the human–nature union. I have used Schechner's idea of performance as the way of life to signify the eco-centric romance of Tharu community. Schechner believes that performance is embedded in everydayness of each activity that a folk performs. This research will help to assimilate the eco-friendly nature of Tharu ethnicity and other different ethnicities of Nepal urging us to be more eco-conscious individuals.
本文对尼泊尔Dangaura Tharu的Jhumra民间舞蹈歌曲的主题进行了批判性的剖析。在解释上，借鉴理查德·谢纳和艾伦·邓德斯的民俗表演概念，探讨了朱马拉歌曲对自然和人际关系的想象性表现。这篇论文借用了塔鲁·朱马拉的舞曲:由马尼·拉姆·塔鲁配音的Chhaila To, Jone Panah Gaili, Baigam Ture和Karam Lage Aag。这些歌曲反映了浪漫的幻想和人们的苦难。Jhumra是一种独特的舞蹈，由社区全年反复表演。与此同时，还引用了罗伯特·伯恩斯的简短引用，以阐明YouTube和其他商业在线平台媒介对民间传说的现代复兴和修正。Jhumra歌曲包含了将自然浪漫化和去浪漫化的歌词，其中包含了人与自然的结合。我用Schechner的表演作为生活方式的想法来表达Tharu社区以生态为中心的浪漫。Schechner认为，表演是嵌入在每一个民间表演的日常活动。这项研究将有助于吸收塔鲁族和尼泊尔其他不同民族的生态友好性质，敦促我们成为更具生态意识的个人。
{"title":"The Performance of Jhumra as the Tharu Folk Ballad: A Study in Angst and Eco-Romance","authors":"Mohan Dagaura","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47466","url":null,"abstract":"This paper critically unravels the themes of Jhumra folk dance-songs of Dangaura Tharu of Nepal. On its interpretation, it discusses the imaginative representation of nature and human relationship in Jhumra songs appropriating the notions of the folklore performance of Richard Schechner and Alan Dundes. The paper appropriates Tharu Jhumra dance songs: Chhaila To, Jone Panah Gaili, Baigam Ture and Karam Lage Aag voiced by Mani Ram Tharu. The songs reflect the romantic fantasy and the suffering of the folks. Jhumra serves as the distinct dance repeatedly performed by the community throughout the year. Along with this, the brief reference of Robert Burns has also been fetched to spell out the modern revival and revisualization of folklores by the medium of YouTube and other commercial online platforms. Jhumra songs comprise the lyrics that romanticize and de-romanticize nature with the human–nature union. I have used Schechner's idea of performance as the way of life to signify the eco-centric romance of Tharu community. Schechner believes that performance is embedded in everydayness of each activity that a folk performs. This research will help to assimilate the eco-friendly nature of Tharu ethnicity and other different ethnicities of Nepal urging us to be more eco-conscious individuals.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116473366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47465
Mandip Rai
The women particularly from Dalit community are doubly under-shadowed in Khagendra Sangraula’s novel Junkiriko Sangeet [The Music of the Firefly]. The novel shows how women from Dalit community are tortured by their male partners and people from the so-called high caste people. The objective of this article is to study discrimination of Dalit women based on their caste, economic status and gender as women. The novel deals with the issue of Dalit, particularly Dalit women who have been physically and mentally exploited by upper caste people. This study shows how high caste people give stereotype identity to low caste people in order to impose their power over them. Sangraula depicts the harsh reality of Simring village where Dalit woman is fed stool and drunken men’s urine accusing her doing black magic. The Dalit women have no unity and some level of conscious to raise voice against such inhuman act. Therefore, their voice remains unheard. To analyze the issue explored above, this article takes theoretical ideas from Subaltern Studies, particularly from Gayatri Chakravarti Spivak, Gramsci and Foucault. The scholars of Subaltern Studies believe that subaltern group of people lack their own true representor which is the cause of remaining their issue at the bottom of social hierarchy. Some scholars believe that subaltern studies groups are like new historians who have to create discourse in order to re-write history of history less subaltern group. This paper also rewrites the ignored history of history less Dalit and Dalit women in Nepal.
{"title":"Voice from the Margin in Khagendra Sangraula’s Junkiriko Sangeet [The Music of the Firefly]","authors":"Mandip Rai","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47465","url":null,"abstract":"The women particularly from Dalit community are doubly under-shadowed in Khagendra Sangraula’s novel Junkiriko Sangeet [The Music of the Firefly]. The novel shows how women from Dalit community are tortured by their male partners and people from the so-called high caste people. The objective of this article is to study discrimination of Dalit women based on their caste, economic status and gender as women. The novel deals with the issue of Dalit, particularly Dalit women who have been physically and mentally exploited by upper caste people. This study shows how high caste people give stereotype identity to low caste people in order to impose their power over them. Sangraula depicts the harsh reality of Simring village where Dalit woman is fed stool and drunken men’s urine accusing her doing black magic. The Dalit women have no unity and some level of conscious to raise voice against such inhuman act. Therefore, their voice remains unheard. To analyze the issue explored above, this article takes theoretical ideas from Subaltern Studies, particularly from Gayatri Chakravarti Spivak, Gramsci and Foucault. The scholars of Subaltern Studies believe that subaltern group of people lack their own true representor which is the cause of remaining their issue at the bottom of social hierarchy. Some scholars believe that subaltern studies groups are like new historians who have to create discourse in order to re-write history of history less subaltern group. This paper also rewrites the ignored history of history less Dalit and Dalit women in Nepal.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121944927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47463
Keshav Raj Chalise
Vedanta philosophy, as the foundation of Hindu philosophy, has talked much about the existence and role of Atma in life in depth, and Atma’s relationship to Paramatma as the unity of the worldly living beings and the absolute, Brahma. This notion deals with the idea that Atma is immortal and unchanged, but it undergoes transformation from body to body. The western Christian philosophy also has the notion of Atma with the name "the soul," but Christian philosophy gives the message of the changeability of the soul. Being brought up in Christian culture and tradition, Emerson focuses on the soul's spirituality in his writings and develops the theory of transcendentalism, but as influenced by Vedantic philosophy, his concept of the soul departs from pure Christian tradition and gets linked with the Vedantic concept of Atma and Paramatma. This study examines how Vedanta metaphysics and Emersonian transcendentalism share common ground in the perception of Atma and Paramatma, and finds the connection between Vedantic metaphysical notion of the soul as Atma and Paramatma and American transcendental view of the soul and the Over-soul proposed in Emerson’s writings. This study is significant to make a meaningful connection between the Eastern Vedic viewpoints with the Western viewpoints in the mode of philosophical understanding.
{"title":"Soul in Vedanta Metaphysics and Emersonian Philosophy","authors":"Keshav Raj Chalise","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47463","url":null,"abstract":"Vedanta philosophy, as the foundation of Hindu philosophy, has talked much about the existence and role of Atma in life in depth, and Atma’s relationship to Paramatma as the unity of the worldly living beings and the absolute, Brahma. This notion deals with the idea that Atma is immortal and unchanged, but it undergoes transformation from body to body. The western Christian philosophy also has the notion of Atma with the name \"the soul,\" but Christian philosophy gives the message of the changeability of the soul. Being brought up in Christian culture and tradition, Emerson focuses on the soul's spirituality in his writings and develops the theory of transcendentalism, but as influenced by Vedantic philosophy, his concept of the soul departs from pure Christian tradition and gets linked with the Vedantic concept of Atma and Paramatma. This study examines how Vedanta metaphysics and Emersonian transcendentalism share common ground in the perception of Atma and Paramatma, and finds the connection between Vedantic metaphysical notion of the soul as Atma and Paramatma and American transcendental view of the soul and the Over-soul proposed in Emerson’s writings. This study is significant to make a meaningful connection between the Eastern Vedic viewpoints with the Western viewpoints in the mode of philosophical understanding.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129081094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47464
Mahendra Kumar Budhathoki
Nepali Hindu widows have been discriminated in social, cultural and religious activities that have affected the psyche of the widows. People debilitate widows and consider them vulnerable and insecure. The research paper has explored the portrayal of Nepali Hindu widows’ conditions in B. P. Koirala’s “To the Lowlands” and Prem Shah’s “A Husband” from the viewpoint of new criticism. The conflicts, tensions, symbols and meanings of the lives of the Hindu widows portrayed in the selected texts are analysed from a new critic’s perspective. The study has exploited exploratory qualitative method. Koirala has portrayed a Hindu widow who left the house because of abuses by her brother-in-law and tortured by in-laws. She moved to the plain (tarai) with four men including Gore for happy life. But Gore stole the widow’s gold and money despite her marriage proposal. Shah portrayed a widow Nirmala who was teased and abused by a driver and her sister’s probable husband. She wants to make up her face, but she was frightened with her elder brother, sister and mother because of restrictions imposed upon Hindu widows. Koirala and Shah have depicted miserable widowhood in the Nepali Hindu society. Although sati tradition has been abolished and remarriage of widows are encouraged in the present time, widows are psychologically shattered because of Hindu socio-cultural viewpoints on them, and Hindu widows still sacrifice their lives through psychological sati in Nepali society. The analysis of widowhood in the stories contributes to understanding the condition of widows in Hindu society.
{"title":"Exploring the Subject of Hindu Widowhood in Koirala and Shah’s Short Stories","authors":"Mahendra Kumar Budhathoki","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47464","url":null,"abstract":"Nepali Hindu widows have been discriminated in social, cultural and religious activities that have affected the psyche of the widows. People debilitate widows and consider them vulnerable and insecure. The research paper has explored the portrayal of Nepali Hindu widows’ conditions in B. P. Koirala’s “To the Lowlands” and Prem Shah’s “A Husband” from the viewpoint of new criticism. The conflicts, tensions, symbols and meanings of the lives of the Hindu widows portrayed in the selected texts are analysed from a new critic’s perspective. The study has exploited exploratory qualitative method. Koirala has portrayed a Hindu widow who left the house because of abuses by her brother-in-law and tortured by in-laws. She moved to the plain (tarai) with four men including Gore for happy life. But Gore stole the widow’s gold and money despite her marriage proposal. Shah portrayed a widow Nirmala who was teased and abused by a driver and her sister’s probable husband. She wants to make up her face, but she was frightened with her elder brother, sister and mother because of restrictions imposed upon Hindu widows. Koirala and Shah have depicted miserable widowhood in the Nepali Hindu society. Although sati tradition has been abolished and remarriage of widows are encouraged in the present time, widows are psychologically shattered because of Hindu socio-cultural viewpoints on them, and Hindu widows still sacrifice their lives through psychological sati in Nepali society. The analysis of widowhood in the stories contributes to understanding the condition of widows in Hindu society.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132370753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47462
Jiwan Kumar Rai
This paper attempts to analyze the poems “Limbuni Gaaun” (“The Village of Limbu Women”), “Aadaangme” (“My Honor”), “Limbuni Maayaa” (“Limbu Woman’s Love”), and “Diplomyaat Devataa” (“Diplomat God”) which are selected from Raj Manglak’s Limbuni Gaaun [The Village of Limbu Woman], the collection of Nepali poems. The poet portrays the day-to-day life experiences and cultures of the marginalized Limbu people who live in the eastern region of Nepal, particularly in hilly districts of Taplejung and Panchthar. This paper aims to explore the same Limbu people’s world and cultures. This study discusses the articulation of the lifestyles, socio-cultural rituals, values, and traditions of the ethnic Limbu community that form a discourse of the marginality to claim the identity and defines the body of knowledge, e.i. the knowledge about the world and culture of Limbu community. Michel Foucault’s concept of discourse has been used as theoretical tool to interpret the selected poems, and achieve the set objectives of this study. Foucault argues that discourse is a systematic way of expression that produces and defines a body of knowledge. From this theoretical stand, the selected poems have been analysed as the discourse of the marginalized Limbu people and culture that exposes and expresses the outshined world of the same community and the distinctive body of knowledge. This study gives insights to understand the marginalized world and cultures of the Limbu community in Nepal.
{"title":"Creating the Discourse of Marginalized Limbu Community: A Foucauldian Analysis of Manglak’s Limbuni Gaaun [The Village of Limbu Woman]","authors":"Jiwan Kumar Rai","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47462","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to analyze the poems “Limbuni Gaaun” (“The Village of Limbu Women”), “Aadaangme” (“My Honor”), “Limbuni Maayaa” (“Limbu Woman’s Love”), and “Diplomyaat Devataa” (“Diplomat God”) which are selected from Raj Manglak’s Limbuni Gaaun [The Village of Limbu Woman], the collection of Nepali poems. The poet portrays the day-to-day life experiences and cultures of the marginalized Limbu people who live in the eastern region of Nepal, particularly in hilly districts of Taplejung and Panchthar. This paper aims to explore the same Limbu people’s world and cultures. This study discusses the articulation of the lifestyles, socio-cultural rituals, values, and traditions of the ethnic Limbu community that form a discourse of the marginality to claim the identity and defines the body of knowledge, e.i. the knowledge about the world and culture of Limbu community. Michel Foucault’s concept of discourse has been used as theoretical tool to interpret the selected poems, and achieve the set objectives of this study. Foucault argues that discourse is a systematic way of expression that produces and defines a body of knowledge. From this theoretical stand, the selected poems have been analysed as the discourse of the marginalized Limbu people and culture that exposes and expresses the outshined world of the same community and the distinctive body of knowledge. This study gives insights to understand the marginalized world and cultures of the Limbu community in Nepal. ","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134400305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47461
G. Bastola
This study aims at analyzing Govinda Raj Bhattaria’s novel Sukaratka Paila within the theoretical framework of structuralism. More specifically, this study uses the procedures of analysis called seek-find-lose and seek-but-don’t find grammar structure of narratives in which the major characters are studied. The idea is how one character seeks the other, finds him or her and again loses him or her. Bhattaria’s novel Sukaratka Paila embeds the structure of romance within the structure of full of irony and the second structure offers realities of the contemporary time when narrator professor Socrates realizes at the end when he sees Ananta's alike body hanging on the ceiling fan of his own room. The promises of living together being the life partners goes in vain for both Ananta and Purnima. Moreover, this study examines the structure of the novel in which structure plays an essential part in a literary work which juxtaposes the plot and other elements of the story to make the narration comprehensible for the readers and also to clutch the meaning which the novelist wants to convey. The prime purpose of the paper is to unfold the underlying assumptions and unconscious regularities of human characters and their experiences based on their behaviors, society and culture. This analysis captures the writer’s intention of fabricating the story through its characters, theme and setting. The study reveals that structural reading of a fiction paves the ways for exploring another vantage of point in literary works.
{"title":"Structural Analysis of Bhattarai’s Sukaratka Paila [Socrates Footsteps]","authors":"G. Bastola","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47461","url":null,"abstract":" This study aims at analyzing Govinda Raj Bhattaria’s novel Sukaratka Paila within the theoretical framework of structuralism. More specifically, this study uses the procedures of analysis called seek-find-lose and seek-but-don’t find grammar structure of narratives in which the major characters are studied. The idea is how one character seeks the other, finds him or her and again loses him or her. Bhattaria’s novel Sukaratka Paila embeds the structure of romance within the structure of full of irony and the second structure offers realities of the contemporary time when narrator professor Socrates realizes at the end when he sees Ananta's alike body hanging on the ceiling fan of his own room. The promises of living together being the life partners goes in vain for both Ananta and Purnima. Moreover, this study examines the structure of the novel in which structure plays an essential part in a literary work which juxtaposes the plot and other elements of the story to make the narration comprehensible for the readers and also to clutch the meaning which the novelist wants to convey. The prime purpose of the paper is to unfold the underlying assumptions and unconscious regularities of human characters and their experiences based on their behaviors, society and culture. This analysis captures the writer’s intention of fabricating the story through its characters, theme and setting. The study reveals that structural reading of a fiction paves the ways for exploring another vantage of point in literary works.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"191 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131900033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47460
Bidur Rai
This research article attempts to explore the emotion of love in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. The paper aims at finding how the love emotions are evoked in characters and how the spectators or actors experience these emotions while reading the novel. Fitzgerald’s novel is a depiction of the Americans living in the material world where they hanker after material bliss, forgetting human sensitivity. The text unfurls some issues like dream, hope, and desire to win love, which ultimately results in frustration and spiritual sterility in the Western country. Basically, the novel is about a man’s quest for wealth and dream. However, he utterly fails to realize these in the text. To analyze the text, I embark upon Indian Rasa Theory. As such, the Indian Aesthetics has categorized nine emotions. Thus, I use the critical perspective of Indian Aesthetics as a theoretical framework to advance the arguments. Particularly, the perspectives from Seldon Pallock and Peter Marchand are used in the textual analysis. Seldon Pallock marks that Rasa emancipates from the combination of factors, reactions, and temporary emotions. Findings drawn from the discussion are that love emotion out of nine emotions is available in some characters, events and description of scenes in the text. Furthermore, these emotions help appreciate the literary text through the notion of rasa theory.
{"title":"Emotion of Love in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby: A Rasaesthetic Perspective","authors":"Bidur Rai","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47460","url":null,"abstract":"This research article attempts to explore the emotion of love in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. The paper aims at finding how the love emotions are evoked in characters and how the spectators or actors experience these emotions while reading the novel. Fitzgerald’s novel is a depiction of the Americans living in the material world where they hanker after material bliss, forgetting human sensitivity. The text unfurls some issues like dream, hope, and desire to win love, which ultimately results in frustration and spiritual sterility in the Western country. Basically, the novel is about a man’s quest for wealth and dream. However, he utterly fails to realize these in the text. To analyze the text, I embark upon Indian Rasa Theory. As such, the Indian Aesthetics has categorized nine emotions. Thus, I use the critical perspective of Indian Aesthetics as a theoretical framework to advance the arguments. Particularly, the perspectives from Seldon Pallock and Peter Marchand are used in the textual analysis. Seldon Pallock marks that Rasa emancipates from the combination of factors, reactions, and temporary emotions. Findings drawn from the discussion are that love emotion out of nine emotions is available in some characters, events and description of scenes in the text. Furthermore, these emotions help appreciate the literary text through the notion of rasa theory.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129466949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47469
R. Timalsina
This article addresses the issue of Nepali transnationals’ search for home as depicted in Govinda Raj Bhattarai’s novel Muglan. The novel presents three types of transnationals as its characters: diasporans, transnational mobiles and transnational outsiders. Throughout the life, all of them go on searching for a home that can provide them comfort, security and peace of mind. But none of the characters can achieve it. The novel presents the reality of Nepali transnational migration that is continued for centuries. For the analysis of the characters and their condition and consequences, the theories of transnationalism and diaspora have been used. Janine Dahinden’s idea of three types of transnational migrants and Steven Vertovec’s discussion on the practice of cultural diaspora have been the main theoretical bases for this study. Both of the theorists claim that the transnationals leave their homeland with the motive of making their home back in the land of origin better than that of the time they leave it. Throughout their stay in the host land, they try to achieve their goal sacrificing everything they have. Some of them try to find their dream home even in the host land. But finally, they cannot achieve their dream in the reality. So, the transnationals remain homeless throughout. Bhattarai’s Muglan gives fictio-realistic expression to this theoretical claim.
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Pub Date : 2022-08-25DOI: 10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47467
Mohan Kumar Tumbahang
This article explores the linguistic deviations especially on two levels: semantic and syntactic levels. Out of few Devkota's intricate poetic compositions, "The Lunatic" is considered to be the daunting poems to the average readers, students, and even teachers. Not only its English version "The Lunatic", but its Nepali version "Paagala" also can pose an equal degree of toughness to the Nepali readers. The article seeks the answers to the questions as: what sorts of semantic and syntactic deviations are there in the poem "The Lunatic"? How do these deviations occur in the poem, and why have these deviations been used there? The article focuses on the main words which have distorted the meaning system in terms of the ordinary norms of grammar. Similarly, it also points out the syntactic patterns which have overtly flouted the grammatical norms. Furthermore, it aims to discuss the motives behind the deliberate break of the rules. This article is mainly based on stylistic approach to literary theory with qualitative design. For the theoretical insights, certain related books by Shklovsky (1987), Leech (1988), and Lazar (1993) were duly consulted. After the analysis of the obtained data, it was found out that there were a considerable number of deviations on the levels of word-meaning and the word-order in the pattern of poetic expression. The sole motive of deviant text is the stylistic purpose and enhancement of the expressive range.
{"title":"Stylistic Deviation in Devkota's “The Lunatic”","authors":"Mohan Kumar Tumbahang","doi":"10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/jodem.v13i1.47467","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the linguistic deviations especially on two levels: semantic and syntactic levels. Out of few Devkota's intricate poetic compositions, \"The Lunatic\" is considered to be the daunting poems to the average readers, students, and even teachers. Not only its English version \"The Lunatic\", but its Nepali version \"Paagala\" also can pose an equal degree of toughness to the Nepali readers. The article seeks the answers to the questions as: what sorts of semantic and syntactic deviations are there in the poem \"The Lunatic\"? How do these deviations occur in the poem, and why have these deviations been used there? The article focuses on the main words which have distorted the meaning system in terms of the ordinary norms of grammar. Similarly, it also points out the syntactic patterns which have overtly flouted the grammatical norms. Furthermore, it aims to discuss the motives behind the deliberate break of the rules. This article is mainly based on stylistic approach to literary theory with qualitative design. For the theoretical insights, certain related books by Shklovsky (1987), Leech (1988), and Lazar (1993) were duly consulted. After the analysis of the obtained data, it was found out that there were a considerable number of deviations on the levels of word-meaning and the word-order in the pattern of poetic expression. The sole motive of deviant text is the stylistic purpose and enhancement of the expressive range.","PeriodicalId":146884,"journal":{"name":"JODEM: Journal of Language and Literature","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134440966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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