In early modernity, church historians initially showed little interest in Berthold of Moosburg. They knew him as a commentator of Proclus, but they did not recognise his importance for the history of Neoplatonism. The librarians and bibliographers who came across Berthold’s commentary on Proclus in the Balliol College Library at Oxford showed no interest in the philosophical content of this work. An article on Berthold in the monumental work Scriptores Ordinis Praedicatorum (1719) summarised the available information. It was Johann Albert Fabricius (1668–1736) who took notice of it. Fabricius was very interested in Proclus as well as in Neoplatonic theology and its narration in the Elements of Theology; he had started to collect all available information regarding this issue and had also come across Berthold’s commentary. However, he did not ignore him, as many had done before, but properly recognised the importance of Berthold for the history of the reception of Proclus’s philosophy. Fabricius always referred to the Dominican thinker when dealing with Proclus’s Elements of Theology, in particular in his own Bibliotheca graeca. One of the attentive readers of this work was the German philologist Friedrich Creuzer. In 1822, within the framework of publishing Neoplatonic writings, Creuzer reedited Proclus’s Elements of Theology. As a consequence of this new edition, Proclus together with his medieval commentator came into the focus of leading representatives of classical German philosophy.
在近代早期，教会历史学家最初对穆斯堡的贝特霍尔德兴趣不大。他们知道他是普罗克劳斯的评论员，但他们没有认识到他对新柏拉图主义历史的重要性。在牛津大学贝利奥尔学院图书馆看到贝特霍尔德对普罗克劳斯的评论的图书管理员和书目编纂者对这部作品的哲学内容没有兴趣。1719年的巨著《政令抄写》(Scriptores Ordinis Praedicatorum)中有一篇关于贝特霍尔德的文章总结了现有的信息。约翰·阿尔伯特·法布里修斯(1668-1736)注意到了这一点。法布里修斯对普罗克劳斯和新柏拉图主义神学及其在《神学要素》中的叙述非常感兴趣;他已经开始收集所有关于这个问题的信息，也看到了贝特霍尔德的评论。然而，他并没有像以前许多人那样忽视他，而是正确地认识到贝特霍尔德在普罗克罗斯哲学的接受史上的重要性。法布里修斯在处理普罗克劳斯的《神学要素》时，特别是在他自己的《圣经》中，总是提到这位多米尼加思想家。德国语言学家弗里德里希·克鲁泽(Friedrich Creuzer)是这本书的忠实读者之一。1822年，在出版新柏拉图主义著作的框架内，克鲁泽重新编辑了普罗克劳斯的《神学要素》。作为这个新版本的结果，普罗克劳斯和他的中世纪评论员一起成为德国古典哲学主要代表的焦点。
{"title":"Frater Bercaldus – Berealdus – Bertholdus de Maisberch: Analysen und Dokumente zu Johann Albert Fabricius’ Hinweisen auf Berthold von Moosburg","authors":"Udo Reinhold Jeck","doi":"10.1075/bpjam.00005.jec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bpjam.00005.jec","url":null,"abstract":"In early modernity, church historians initially showed little interest in Berthold of Moosburg. They knew him as a commentator of Proclus, but they did not recognise his importance for the history of Neoplatonism. The librarians and bibliographers who came across Berthold’s commentary on Proclus in the Balliol College Library at Oxford showed no interest in the philosophical content of this work. An article on Berthold in the monumental work Scriptores Ordinis Praedicatorum (1719) summarised the available information. It was Johann Albert Fabricius (1668–1736) who took notice of it. Fabricius was very interested in Proclus as well as in Neoplatonic theology and its narration in the Elements of Theology; he had started to collect all available information regarding this issue and had also come across Berthold’s commentary. However, he did not ignore him, as many had done before, but properly recognised the importance of Berthold for the history of the reception of Proclus’s philosophy. Fabricius always referred to the Dominican thinker when dealing with Proclus’s Elements of Theology, in particular in his own Bibliotheca graeca. One of the attentive readers of this work was the German philologist Friedrich Creuzer. In 1822, within the framework of publishing Neoplatonic writings, Creuzer reedited Proclus’s Elements of Theology. As a consequence of this new edition, Proclus together with his medieval commentator came into the focus of leading representatives of classical German philosophy.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114286283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Commentaries on Plato’s and Aristotle’s works were central to the Neoplatonic school’s curriculum. In a fixed order, established since Jamblichus, the Aristotelian writings were first read, then the Platonic ones. At the beginning, the logical writings of Aristotle and particularly his Categories were examined. But like any other work, the Categories were construed from the perspective of Neoplatonic anagogy. In addition, the commentator was obliged to work out the commonalities between the two philosophical teachings. That anagogical and harmonising approach culminates in the commentaries on the Categories with the integration of the Aristotelian concept of substance into the Platonic concept of ideas. While Dexippus is primarily engaged in the right modes of predication corresponding to the sensible and the intelligible realm respectively, Simplicius focuses on the description of a continuous connection of being.
{"title":"Die Harmonisierung platonischer und aristotelischer Ontologie im neuplatonischen Kategorienkommentar","authors":"T. Welt","doi":"10.1075/bpjam.00003.wel","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bpjam.00003.wel","url":null,"abstract":"Commentaries on Plato’s and Aristotle’s works were central to the Neoplatonic school’s curriculum. In a fixed order, established since Jamblichus, the Aristotelian writings were first read, then the Platonic ones. At the beginning, the logical writings of Aristotle and particularly his Categories were examined. But like any other work, the Categories were construed from the perspective of Neoplatonic anagogy. In addition, the commentator was obliged to work out the commonalities between the two philosophical teachings. That anagogical and harmonising approach culminates in the commentaries on the Categories with the integration of the Aristotelian concept of substance into the Platonic concept of ideas. While Dexippus is primarily engaged in the right modes of predication corresponding to the sensible and the intelligible realm respectively, Simplicius focuses on the description of a continuous connection of being.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115810794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The author interprets the dialogues belonging to Plato’s first Tetralogy, i. e. Euthyphro, Apology, Crito and Phaedo, as a coherent whole, in which the concept of ‘gratuitousness’ plays the leading role. The expression ‘gratuitous’ does not mean here, however, ‘arbitrary’ or ‘as someone likes’ but rather ‘free’, ‘gratis’, ‘for nothing’. Based on such an interpretation the author discusses then the important similarities existing between – on the one hand – Plato’s metaphysics of ‘gratuitousness’ and – on the other hand – Meister Eckhart’s ‘mystics’ (in which the concept of ‘why-less’ being [wesen sunder warumbe] is crucial) and Schelling’s Philosophy of Identity (in which the concept of ‘absolute’ being plays the fundamental role). These three thinkers are all interested in the world as it is not merely for us or for something else – that is not in the world as it merely appears to someone under particular given conditions –, but in the world as it is in itself. However, this distinction between ‘appearances’ and ‘things-in-themselves’ is not to be thought as an epistemological but rather as an ethical or existential one, which is not related to the way how we ‘can know’ the world but rather to the way how we ‘should live’ in it.
{"title":"Platons Darlegung des Sokratischen ‚Umsonst‘ in den Dialogen der ersten Tetralogie (Euthyphron, Apologie, Kriton und Phaidon)","authors":"Andrés Quero-Sánchez","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.18.01QUE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.18.01QUE","url":null,"abstract":"The author interprets the dialogues belonging to Plato’s first Tetralogy, i. e. Euthyphro,\u0000Apology, Crito and Phaedo, as a coherent whole, in which the concept of ‘gratuitousness’\u0000plays the leading role. The expression ‘gratuitous’ does not mean here, however,\u0000‘arbitrary’ or ‘as someone likes’ but rather ‘free’, ‘gratis’, ‘for nothing’. Based on\u0000such an interpretation the author discusses then the important similarities existing\u0000between – on the one hand – Plato’s metaphysics of ‘gratuitousness’ and – on\u0000the other hand – Meister Eckhart’s ‘mystics’ (in which the concept of ‘why-less’\u0000being [wesen sunder warumbe] is crucial) and Schelling’s Philosophy of Identity\u0000(in which the concept of ‘absolute’ being plays the fundamental role). These three\u0000thinkers are all interested in the world as it is not merely for us or for something\u0000else – that is not in the world as it merely appears to someone under particular\u0000given conditions –, but in the world as it is in itself. However, this distinction\u0000between ‘appearances’ and ‘things-in-themselves’ is not to be thought as an epistemological\u0000but rather as an ethical or existential one, which is not related to the\u0000way how we ‘can know’ the world but rather to the way how we ‘should live’ in it.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115690208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Norbert Winkler (Hrsg.), Von der wirkenden und möglichen Vernunft. Philosophie in der volkssprachigen Predigt nach Meister Eckhart","authors":"F. Schweitzer","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.18.19SCH","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.18.19SCH","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130656310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beginning from Plato, there exists a philosophical tradition, which interprets philosophy as preparation for death. However, for Plato the death of a philosopher does not necessarily imply death in its ordinary meaning, but rather a spiritual way of life maximally free from corporeal affections. This kind of relationship between philosophy and death was intensively discussed in late antique philosophy, Patristics, medieval Byzantine philosophy, and also in medieval Georgian literature. Based on Plato’s and Plotinus’ philosophy, Porphyry presented definitions of three kinds of death in his Sententiae (8; 9; 23): (1) ‘death’ of a philosopher, (2) natural death, (3) ‘death’ of a soul. The aim of this paper is to provide a philosophical analysis of three concepts of death in the post-Porphyrian tradition, mainly in Byzantine and Georgian texts. The paper is based on the analysis of the above mentioned issues in the texts of Porphyry (also of Plotinus, as of his predecessor), Macrobius, Michael Psellos, as well as in the old Georgian versions of the works of Ammonios Hermiae, John of Damascus and John Sinaites. We also take into consideration the views on the relation between philosophy and death in the thought of the philosophers of Humanism and Renaissance, such as Georgios Gemistos Plethon, Marsilio Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, and Michel de Montaigne, whether or not and to what extent their views on the relation between philosophy and death are different from the theories of ancient and medieval Platonists.
{"title":"Porphyry’s Definitions of Death and their Interpretation in Georgian and Byzantine Tradition","authors":"L. Alexidze","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.18.02ALE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.18.02ALE","url":null,"abstract":"Beginning from Plato, there exists a philosophical tradition, which interprets philosophy\u0000as preparation for death. However, for Plato the death of a philosopher\u0000does not necessarily imply death in its ordinary meaning, but rather a spiritual\u0000way of life maximally free from corporeal affections. This kind of relationship between philosophy and death was intensively discussed\u0000in late antique philosophy, Patristics, medieval Byzantine philosophy, and\u0000also in medieval Georgian literature. Based on Plato’s and Plotinus’ philosophy,\u0000Porphyry presented definitions of three kinds of death in his Sententiae (8; 9; 23):\u0000(1) ‘death’ of a philosopher, (2) natural death, (3) ‘death’ of a soul.\u0000The aim of this paper is to provide a philosophical analysis of three concepts\u0000of death in the post-Porphyrian tradition, mainly in Byzantine and Georgian\u0000texts. The paper is based on the analysis of the above mentioned issues in the texts\u0000of Porphyry (also of Plotinus, as of his predecessor), Macrobius, Michael Psellos,\u0000as well as in the old Georgian versions of the works of Ammonios Hermiae, John\u0000of Damascus and John Sinaites. We also take into consideration the views on\u0000the relation between philosophy and death in the thought of the philosophers\u0000of Humanism and Renaissance, such as Georgios Gemistos Plethon, Marsilio\u0000Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, and Michel de Montaigne, whether or not\u0000and to what extent their views on the relation between philosophy and death are\u0000different from the theories of ancient and medieval Platonists.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130517746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Manfred Gerwing, Johannes Quidort von Paris († 1306). De antichristo et de fine mundi – Vom Antichrist und vom Ende der Welt","authors":"F. Schweitzer","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.18.18SCH","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.18.18SCH","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130291037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Commentary on Sefer Yeṣira (Book of Creation), with its pronounced Pythagorean and Neo-Platonic overtones, written by Saadya Gaon in 931, stands out among the other writings of this Jewish theologian (mutakallim), and raises the question of the purpose of its composition. It has been argued that in writing a commentary on this work of letter-speculation, Saadya responded to mythical and mystical trends in tenth-century Judaism, endeavoring to recast this foundational mystical text as a work of rational philosophy. The present article argues that Saadya was also responding to the intellectual challenge of his broader environment, stretching beyond the Jewish community. In some circles in the Islamicate world, letterspeculations, often associated with the sciences of the occult, were presented in this period as the height of philosophy. In particular, al-Tawḥīdī’s account of the Pure Brethren and Ibn Masarra’s Book on the Properties of Letters demonstrate the relevance of these trends in Saadya’s immediate geographic and intellectual environment.
The Commentary on Sefer Yeṣira (Book of Creation)，由Saadya Gaon于931年撰写，带有明显的毕达哥拉斯和新柏拉图主义的色彩，在这位犹太神学家(mutakallim)的其他著作中脱颖而出，并提出了其组成目的的问题。有人认为，在为这部书信推测的作品撰写评论时，萨迪亚回应了十世纪犹太教的神话和神秘主义趋势，努力将这部基础的神秘主义文本重塑为理性哲学的作品。这篇文章认为，萨迪亚也在回应他所处的更广阔环境的智力挑战，超越了犹太社区。在伊斯兰世界的某些圈子里，经常与神秘科学联系在一起的信件思辩，在这一时期被视为哲学的高度。特别是al-Tawḥīdī对“纯粹兄弟会”的描述和伊本·马萨拉的《文学属性》一书，证明了这些趋势在萨迪亚当时的地理和知识环境中的相关性。
{"title":"“Wondrous Paths”: the Ismāʿīlī context of Saadya’s ‘Commentary on Sefer Yeṣira’","authors":"S. Stroumsa","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.18.03STR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.18.03STR","url":null,"abstract":"The Commentary on Sefer Yeṣira (Book of Creation), with its pronounced Pythagorean and Neo-Platonic overtones, written by Saadya Gaon in 931, stands out among the other writings of this Jewish theologian (mutakallim), and raises the question of the purpose of its composition. It has been argued that in writing a commentary on this work of letter-speculation, Saadya responded to mythical and mystical trends in tenth-century Judaism, endeavoring to recast this foundational mystical text as a work of rational philosophy. The present article argues that Saadya was also responding to the intellectual challenge of his broader environment, stretching beyond the Jewish community. In some circles in the Islamicate world, letterspeculations, often associated with the sciences of the occult, were presented in this period as the height of philosophy. In particular, al-Tawḥīdī’s account of the Pure Brethren and Ibn Masarra’s Book on the Properties of Letters demonstrate the relevance of these trends in Saadya’s immediate geographic and intellectual environment.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123190564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jürgen Mittelstraß, Die griechische Denkform. Von der Entstehung der Philosophie aus dem Geiste der Geometrie","authors":"Stefan Düfel","doi":"10.1075/bpjam.18.11duf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bpjam.18.11duf","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128123148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Franz Brentano, Von der mannigfachen Bedeutung des Seienden nach Aristoteles","authors":"C. Jung","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.18.13JUN","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.18.13JUN","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130596109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nicholas of Amsterdam on Universal Knowledge","authors":"O. Pluta","doi":"10.1075/bpjam.18.08plu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/bpjam.18.08plu","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"520 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123133438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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