In Topics I.2, Aristotle famously claims that dialectic, as a critical inquiry, affords the path to the primary principles of science. This article sets out from the assumption that Aristotle shares with Plato the suspicion that dialectical critique cannot contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge as long as it is of the Socratic, elenctic kind, since its only benefit is to refute false beliefs. But when Plato in the Theaetetus has Socrates act as a midwife to his fellow men, he offers an alternative picture of dialectical critique that also, it is argued, captures the spirit of Aristotle’s dialectical work, especially as pursued in the Metaphysics. In Aristotle, however, the mission of Socratic midwifery, to help other individuals give birth to knowledge that was already innate to them, is transformed into a project that centers on the liberation of the as yet dormant and inarticulate truth of the tradition.
{"title":"Aristotelian Dialectic as Midwifery : The Epistemic Significance of Critique","authors":"Charlotta Weigelt","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.00002.WEI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.00002.WEI","url":null,"abstract":"In Topics I.2, Aristotle famously claims that dialectic, as a critical inquiry, affords the path to the primary principles of science. This article sets out from the assumption that Aristotle shares with Plato the suspicion that dialectical critique cannot contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge as long as it is of the Socratic, elenctic kind, since its only benefit is to refute false beliefs. But when Plato in the Theaetetus has Socrates act as a midwife to his fellow men, he offers an alternative picture of dialectical critique that also, it is argued, captures the spirit of Aristotle’s dialectical work, especially as pursued in the Metaphysics. In Aristotle, however, the mission of Socratic midwifery, to help other individuals give birth to knowledge that was already innate to them, is transformed into a project that centers on the liberation of the as yet dormant and inarticulate truth of the tradition.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"495 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132937990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KURT GALLING (Hrsg.): Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart (CD-ROM); FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE: Werke (CD-ROM)","authors":"Thomas D. Curran","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.7.19CUR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.7.19CUR","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132652014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MATTHIAS RIEDL: Joachim von Fiore — Denker der vollendeten Menschheit","authors":"W. Blum","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.10.25BLU","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.10.25BLU","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132706023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tracce nella mente. Teorie della memoria da Platone ai moderni","authors":"A. Cimino","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.13.19CIM","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.13.19CIM","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127621850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albertus Magnus’ logic and philosophy of logic have drawn little attention so far, partly due to his reputation among some historians of the discipline as a somewhat confused and muddleheaded thinker. This article looks at his teachings on the necessity and nature of the logical art, and more precisely the epistemological and psychological background that serves as their basis. This examination brings to the fore Albert’s effort and success in bringing together ideas from different traditions in order to reach a unified and coherent view on the question. Albert’s analysis of the actualization of the human intellect, presentation of the inherent fallibility that accompanies rational discourse, and identification of the available means for correcting that weakness are some of the elements of that general doctrine which are addressed in the present article. Such considerations lead Albert to conceive logic as a science whose subject is used as an instrument within each part of philosophy and whose scientific consideration of that subject can therefore be used as rules for the other sciences as they build and use their instrument, thus making the science of logic an art in the broad sense of the word.
{"title":"Nécessité, rôle et nature de l'art logique, d'après Albert le Grand","authors":"Bruno Tremblay","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.12.06TRE","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.12.06TRE","url":null,"abstract":"Albertus Magnus’ logic and philosophy of logic have drawn little attention so far, partly due to his reputation among some historians of the discipline as a somewhat confused and muddleheaded thinker. This article looks at his teachings on the necessity and nature of the logical art, and more precisely the epistemological and psychological background that serves as their basis. This examination brings to the fore Albert’s effort and success in bringing together ideas from different traditions in order to reach a unified and coherent view on the question. Albert’s analysis of the actualization of the human intellect, presentation of the inherent fallibility that accompanies rational discourse, and identification of the available means for correcting that weakness are some of the elements of that general doctrine which are addressed in the present article. Such considerations lead Albert to conceive logic as a science whose subject is used as an instrument within each part of philosophy and whose scientific consideration of that subject can therefore be used as rules for the other sciences as they build and use their instrument, thus making the science of logic an art in the broad sense of the word.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"215 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124238452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quaestiones super De animalibus, Liber XV, Quaestiones 1-9; 11 / Über die Lebewesen, Buch XV, Probleme 1-9; 11","authors":"A. Grosse","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.3.11GRO","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.3.11GRO","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115034145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In his essay the author draws attention to two 16th century humanists who engaged in the debate on Cicero the Man (as distinguished from Cicero the Orator, or Cicero the Philosopher). In 1534, Ortensio Lando (1519–1552), a man of letters, published Cicero relegatus & Cicero revocatus, which was a collection of objections to Cicero’s character and habits brought forward in an imaginary conversation, as well as of arguments in his defence proposed in an equally fictitious public hearing, thus producing an apparent equilibrium. Lando, however, did not leave us guessing about his meaning, but gave us hints about his own attitude to Cicero. In 1537, Sebastiano Corrado (1512–1556), an editor and commentator of various Ciceronian writings, published In M. T. Ciceronem Quaestura, a collection of textual emendations to his œuvres. In order to make it more attractive reading, he wrote it in dialogue form and called the readings he approved of, ‘gold coins’, those he rejected, ‘false coins’, thus building a stock of allegedly reliable readings. The coin metaphor recurred in Corrado’s Egnatius, sive Quaestura (1555) which was an attempt to lay, in form of dialogue, the foundations of a reliable biography of Cicero. Here three scholars discuss all the information provided by Cicero himself, his contemporaries and later sources on his life and work. Information they approve of is treasured as gold coin, the rest is rejected as false coin. It turns out, however, that Corrado was strongly prejudiced against Greek sources shedding an unfavourable light on Cicero. The result was an apology rather than a biography of Cicero.
在他的文章中，作者提请注意两位16世纪的人文主义者，他们参与了关于西塞罗这个人的辩论(与演说家西塞罗或哲学家西塞罗不同)。1534年，作家Ortensio Lando(1519-1552)出版了《Cicero relegatus & Cicero revocatus》，这是对西塞罗性格和习惯的反对意见的集合，在一个虚构的对话中提出，以及在同样虚构的公开听证会上提出的为他辩护的论点，从而产生了一个明显的平衡。然而，兰多并没有让我们猜测他的意思，而是暗示了他自己对西塞罗的态度。1537年，塞巴斯蒂亚诺·科拉多(Sebastiano Corrado, 1512-1556)，一位对各种西塞罗著作进行编辑和评论的人，出版了《m.t.西塞罗涅姆·奎斯图拉》，这是他的œuvres的文本修订集。为了使它更有吸引力，他以对话的形式写作，并将他认可的读数称为“金币”，而他拒绝的则称为“假硬币”，从而建立了所谓可靠的读数库存。硬币的比喻再次出现在柯拉多的Egnatius, sive Quaestura(1555)中，这本书试图以对话的形式，为一部可靠的西塞罗传记奠定基础。在这里，三位学者讨论了西塞罗本人、他的同时代人和后来的资料来源提供的关于他的生活和工作的所有信息。他们认可的信息被当作金币珍藏，其余的被当作假币拒绝。然而，事实证明，科拉多对那些对西塞罗不利的希腊文献有着强烈的偏见。结果是一个道歉，而不是西塞罗的传记。
{"title":"Zwei Stimmen aus der Renaissancedebatte um die Person Ciceros","authors":"G. Gawlick","doi":"10.1075/BPJAM.17.07GAW","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BPJAM.17.07GAW","url":null,"abstract":"In his essay the author draws attention to two 16th century humanists who engaged in the debate on Cicero the Man (as distinguished from Cicero the Orator, or Cicero the Philosopher).\u0000In 1534, Ortensio Lando (1519–1552), a man of letters, published Cicero relegatus & Cicero revocatus, which was a collection of objections to Cicero’s character and habits brought forward in an imaginary conversation, as well as of arguments in his defence proposed in an equally fictitious public hearing, thus producing an apparent equilibrium. Lando, however, did not leave us guessing about his meaning, but gave us hints about his own attitude to Cicero.\u0000In 1537, Sebastiano Corrado (1512–1556), an editor and commentator of various Ciceronian writings, published In M. T. Ciceronem Quaestura, a collection of textual emendations to his œuvres. In order to make it more attractive reading, he wrote it in dialogue form and called the readings he approved of, ‘gold coins’, those he rejected, ‘false coins’, thus building a stock of allegedly reliable readings. \u0000The coin metaphor recurred in Corrado’s Egnatius, sive Quaestura (1555) which was an attempt to lay, in form of dialogue, the foundations of a reliable biography of Cicero. Here three scholars discuss all the information provided by Cicero himself, his contemporaries and later sources on his life and work. Information they approve of is treasured as gold coin, the rest is rejected as false coin. It turns out, however, that Corrado was strongly prejudiced against Greek sources shedding an unfavourable light on Cicero. The result was an apology rather than a biography of Cicero.","PeriodicalId":148050,"journal":{"name":"Bochumer Philosophisches Jahrbuch Fur Antike Und Mittelalter","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115054761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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