T. Kasai, Takeshi Kitamura, Yukoh Takahashi, A. Mondo, T. Hirayama, Tetsushi Watanabe
The genotoxicity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine (PhIP) was assayed by the wing spot test for detecting somatic cell mutations and the DNA-repair test for detecting DNA damage with Drosophila melanogaster. Although PhIP increased the frequency of small single spots in a dose-dependent manner in the wing spot test, no large single spots and twin spots were induced to a significant extent. In the DNA-repair test PhIP showed clear DNA-damaging activity. The DNA-damaging potency of PhIP was significantly increased when larvae were pretreated with β-naphthoflavone (BNF) 24-48 h after oviposition. Excessive reduction of the Rec- male/Rec+ female ratio was also observed in ethanol-pretreated stock compared with stock not pretreated. These results indicate that alcohol and BNF, both enzyme inducers, enhance the in vivo DNA-damaging activity of PhIP.
{"title":"Genotoxicity of 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine (PhIP) in Drosophila melanogaster and Enhancement of DNA Damaging Activity by Pretreatment with β-Naphthoflavone and Ethanol","authors":"T. Kasai, Takeshi Kitamura, Yukoh Takahashi, A. Mondo, T. Hirayama, Tetsushi Watanabe","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.44.34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.44.34","url":null,"abstract":"The genotoxicity of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4, 5-b] pyridine (PhIP) was assayed by the wing spot test for detecting somatic cell mutations and the DNA-repair test for detecting DNA damage with Drosophila melanogaster. Although PhIP increased the frequency of small single spots in a dose-dependent manner in the wing spot test, no large single spots and twin spots were induced to a significant extent. In the DNA-repair test PhIP showed clear DNA-damaging activity. The DNA-damaging potency of PhIP was significantly increased when larvae were pretreated with β-naphthoflavone (BNF) 24-48 h after oviposition. Excessive reduction of the Rec- male/Rec+ female ratio was also observed in ethanol-pretreated stock compared with stock not pretreated. These results indicate that alcohol and BNF, both enzyme inducers, enhance the in vivo DNA-damaging activity of PhIP.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"11 1","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86045848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kaji, A. Miyamoto, S. Miyajima, C. Yamamoto, Y. Fujiwara, F. Koizumi
{"title":"Remodeling of Vascular Endothelial Glycocalyx by Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (Proceedings of the 23rd Symposium on Toxicology and Environmental Health)","authors":"T. Kaji, A. Miyamoto, S. Miyajima, C. Yamamoto, Y. Fujiwara, F. Koizumi","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.44.P30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.44.P30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89411443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Hirayama, A. Yoshikawa, T. Kasai, Tetsushi Watanabe, S. Ogawa
We have already reported the effect of several carbonyl compounds such as alkanals, 2-alkenals, glyoxals and malondialdehyde, which are formed from oxidized lipids, on the leakage of hepatic enzymes from primary cultured rat hepatocytes. In the case of 2-alkenals, the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) took place in a dose-dependent manner and the hepatotoxicity was inhibited by the addition of ascorbic acid and glutathione. In this paper, we investigated the effects of P450-inducers on the hepatotoxicity of 2-hexenal, since the hepatotoxicity of 0.5 mM 2-hexenal against untreated hepatocytes was reduced to 36.7% and 46.3% by the addition of 10μM cimetidine and 1μM α-naphthoflavone, respectively. 3-Methylcholanthrene (MC), phenobarbital (PB), β-naphthoflavone (NF) and dexamethasone (DEX) were used as P450-inducers. In the treatment with 0.5 mM 2-hexenal, the LDH leakage of 3-MC induced hepatocytes was enhanced to 1.4-fold that of non-induced hepatocytes. In the 3-MC induced hepatocytes, the hepatotoxicity of 0.5 mM 2-hexenal was reduced to 38% with α-NF (0.1 μM). Therefore, it is suggested that 2-hexenal is metabolized to hepatotoxic substances by microsomal CYP 1A2 species.
我们已经报道了由氧化脂质形成的几种羰基化合物(如烷醛、2-烯醛、乙二醛和丙二醛)对原代培养大鼠肝细胞肝酶渗漏的影响。在2-烯醛的情况下，乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的渗漏呈剂量依赖性，肝毒性通过添加抗坏血酸和谷胱甘肽来抑制。在本文中，我们研究了p450 -诱导剂对2-己烯醛肝毒性的影响，因为添加10μM西咪替丁和1μM α-萘黄酮后，0.5 mM 2-己烯醛对未处理肝细胞的肝毒性分别降低到36.7%和46.3%。3-甲基胆蒽(MC)、苯巴比妥(PB)、β-萘黄酮(NF)和地塞米松(DEX)作为p450诱导剂。在0.5 mM 2-己烯醛处理下，3-MC诱导肝细胞的LDH漏出量增加到非诱导肝细胞的1.4倍。在3-MC诱导的肝细胞中，α-NF (0.1 μM)可使0.5 mM 2-己烯醛的肝毒性降低至38%。因此，我们认为2-己烯醛是通过微粒体CYP 1A2代谢成肝毒性物质的。
{"title":"Effect of P450-Inducers on the Hepatotoxicity of 2-Hexenal on the Leakage of Lactate Dehydrogenase from Primary Cultured Rat Hepatocytes","authors":"T. Hirayama, A. Yoshikawa, T. Kasai, Tetsushi Watanabe, S. Ogawa","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.331","url":null,"abstract":"We have already reported the effect of several carbonyl compounds such as alkanals, 2-alkenals, glyoxals and malondialdehyde, which are formed from oxidized lipids, on the leakage of hepatic enzymes from primary cultured rat hepatocytes. In the case of 2-alkenals, the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) took place in a dose-dependent manner and the hepatotoxicity was inhibited by the addition of ascorbic acid and glutathione. In this paper, we investigated the effects of P450-inducers on the hepatotoxicity of 2-hexenal, since the hepatotoxicity of 0.5 mM 2-hexenal against untreated hepatocytes was reduced to 36.7% and 46.3% by the addition of 10μM cimetidine and 1μM α-naphthoflavone, respectively. 3-Methylcholanthrene (MC), phenobarbital (PB), β-naphthoflavone (NF) and dexamethasone (DEX) were used as P450-inducers. In the treatment with 0.5 mM 2-hexenal, the LDH leakage of 3-MC induced hepatocytes was enhanced to 1.4-fold that of non-induced hepatocytes. In the 3-MC induced hepatocytes, the hepatotoxicity of 0.5 mM 2-hexenal was reduced to 38% with α-NF (0.1 μM). Therefore, it is suggested that 2-hexenal is metabolized to hepatotoxic substances by microsomal CYP 1A2 species.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"31 1","pages":"331-335"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73360856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N-Alkyl-2-alkylthiopyridinium (2TPX-n : X=I or Br, n=6-18) and N-alkyl-4-alkylthiopyridinium salts (4TPX-n), which have an electron-releasing group on the pyridine ring, were synthesized. Both 2TPBr-12 and 4TPBr-12 showed a wide and potent bactericidal spectrum of activity against Gram-negative bacteria (9 strains) and Gram-positive bacteria (3 strains), compared with N-dodecylpyridinium iodide (P-12) which has no substituents. The activity of these new compounds was not correlated with the hydrophobicity of the bacterial cell surface. This suggests that the bactericidal mechanism of 2TPBr-12 and 4TPBr-12 is different from that of P-12. The bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity of the new compounds against Escherichia coli K12 W3110 was closely influenced by their alkyl chain length. Since they have two hydrophobic alkyl chains in their structure, it seems that hydrophobic association between the molecule of 2TPX-n or 4TPX-n and medium components in the minimum inhibitory concentration measurement system caused the reduction in their apparent concentration. The bactericidal activity of these compounds was dependent on their bacterioclastic activity, and less dependent on their hydrophobicity (RM).
{"title":"Antibacterial Characteristics of N-Alkyl-2-alkylthiopyridinium and N-Alkyl-4-alkylthiopyridinium Salts","authors":"K. Okazaki, T. Maeda, H. Nagamune, H. Kourai","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.251","url":null,"abstract":"N-Alkyl-2-alkylthiopyridinium (2TPX-n : X=I or Br, n=6-18) and N-alkyl-4-alkylthiopyridinium salts (4TPX-n), which have an electron-releasing group on the pyridine ring, were synthesized. Both 2TPBr-12 and 4TPBr-12 showed a wide and potent bactericidal spectrum of activity against Gram-negative bacteria (9 strains) and Gram-positive bacteria (3 strains), compared with N-dodecylpyridinium iodide (P-12) which has no substituents. The activity of these new compounds was not correlated with the hydrophobicity of the bacterial cell surface. This suggests that the bactericidal mechanism of 2TPBr-12 and 4TPBr-12 is different from that of P-12. The bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity of the new compounds against Escherichia coli K12 W3110 was closely influenced by their alkyl chain length. Since they have two hydrophobic alkyl chains in their structure, it seems that hydrophobic association between the molecule of 2TPX-n or 4TPX-n and medium components in the minimum inhibitory concentration measurement system caused the reduction in their apparent concentration. The bactericidal activity of these compounds was dependent on their bacterioclastic activity, and less dependent on their hydrophobicity (RM).","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"28 1","pages":"251-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87307987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since the end of 1960s, with an increase in the economic growth, a large amount of chemical products made from fossil fuel have been used. In addition to the development and the modification of the products for building materials containing many kinds of hazardous chemicals, the techniques for the airtight construction of houses have been remarkably developed. In the latter half of 1970s, among people living in U.S.A. and northern Europe a new syndrome with headache, dizziness, and eye irritation, etc., which was later called as a sick building syndrome (SBS), has emerged. This syndrome was found to be caused by concentrated multiple pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and allergens from fungi and ticks in high airtight rooms with lower ventilation. Recently, the number of patients suffering from biological allergens and VOCs tends to increase. But in Japan the standard values we have in the law on the sanitary management for buildings are limited to those for such three materials as carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and suspended particulate matter (SPM). Therefore, we describe in this report the necessity of the establishment of a new law on the indoor environmental standards for the prevention of our health against some kinds of indoor pollutants such as VOCs in cluding formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and asbestos produced not only in offices and working places but also in houses.
{"title":"Recent Circumstances of Standards for Indoor Air Environment","authors":"I. Ichikawa, T. Matsumura","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.162","url":null,"abstract":"Since the end of 1960s, with an increase in the economic growth, a large amount of chemical products made from fossil fuel have been used. In addition to the development and the modification of the products for building materials containing many kinds of hazardous chemicals, the techniques for the airtight construction of houses have been remarkably developed. In the latter half of 1970s, among people living in U.S.A. and northern Europe a new syndrome with headache, dizziness, and eye irritation, etc., which was later called as a sick building syndrome (SBS), has emerged. This syndrome was found to be caused by concentrated multiple pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and allergens from fungi and ticks in high airtight rooms with lower ventilation. Recently, the number of patients suffering from biological allergens and VOCs tends to increase. But in Japan the standard values we have in the law on the sanitary management for buildings are limited to those for such three materials as carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and suspended particulate matter (SPM). Therefore, we describe in this report the necessity of the establishment of a new law on the indoor environmental standards for the prevention of our health against some kinds of indoor pollutants such as VOCs in cluding formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and asbestos produced not only in offices and working places but also in houses.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"86 1","pages":"162-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87109715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The experimental studies on the improvement of electrode materials used for the electrolytic enrichment of tritium and on the establishment of rapid procedure for the analysis of tritium and its application to tritium monitoring in environmental surface water at south Osaka area were carried out. The more efficient recovery rate and reappearance of tritium were obtained by the trial of the exchange of the electrode material from nickel (Ni) to iron (Fe) at high current condition. However, by considering the electrolytic corrosiveness of iron, a combined multi plate electrode of Fe (-)-Ni (+) (an effective surface area ; 63cm2) was adopted. In the case of such operational conditions that a current density ; 180 mA/cm2 and a cooling temperature ; 5°C using a 100 ml glass cell inserted into the electrode, time required for decreasing the volume of sample solution from 100 ml to 15 ml was more than 22 h. In addition the recovery rate and the concentration ratio of tritium were 90% and 6 times respectively. Then, the tritium activity of the water sample could be counted rapidly with a relative counting error of ±20% for 4 h in a low level liquid scintillation counter. By the trial using the above mentioned method for the tritium monitoring in environmental surface water at south Osaka area from 1986 to 1992, it was proved that the tritium activities decreased to the naturally producing level of tritium (BG) during this term and the decreasing half times of tritium concentration in this area by dilution were about 4 years.
{"title":"Improvement of Electrode of Tritium Enrichment Cell and Application to Tritium Monitoring in Environmental Surface Water at South Osaka Area","authors":"Syojiro Kimura, A. Iwamoto, M. Inagaki","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.114","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental studies on the improvement of electrode materials used for the electrolytic enrichment of tritium and on the establishment of rapid procedure for the analysis of tritium and its application to tritium monitoring in environmental surface water at south Osaka area were carried out. The more efficient recovery rate and reappearance of tritium were obtained by the trial of the exchange of the electrode material from nickel (Ni) to iron (Fe) at high current condition. However, by considering the electrolytic corrosiveness of iron, a combined multi plate electrode of Fe (-)-Ni (+) (an effective surface area ; 63cm2) was adopted. In the case of such operational conditions that a current density ; 180 mA/cm2 and a cooling temperature ; 5°C using a 100 ml glass cell inserted into the electrode, time required for decreasing the volume of sample solution from 100 ml to 15 ml was more than 22 h. In addition the recovery rate and the concentration ratio of tritium were 90% and 6 times respectively. Then, the tritium activity of the water sample could be counted rapidly with a relative counting error of ±20% for 4 h in a low level liquid scintillation counter. By the trial using the above mentioned method for the tritium monitoring in environmental surface water at south Osaka area from 1986 to 1992, it was proved that the tritium activities decreased to the naturally producing level of tritium (BG) during this term and the decreasing half times of tritium concentration in this area by dilution were about 4 years.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"37 1","pages":"114-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85379890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Taira, Shingo Kanzawa, Chiemi Dohara, S. Ishida, M. Matsumoto, Y. Sakiya
The absorption spectra, ethidium bromide fluorescent spectra and circular dichroism (CD) spectra indicate that six β-carboline derivatives, norharman, harman, harmol, harmine, harmalol and harmaline intercalate into DNA. This result is supported by unwinding experiments using the superhelical plasmid pBR322 DNA, and the magnitude of intercalation except for harmalol decreased in the order of harmol>harmine>harmaline>harman>norharman. The potency of the interactions was further determined by spectrophotometric titration. The Scatchard plots were then analyzed using the Langmuir equation including two terms for specific and non-specific interactions. The interaction of the β-carboline derivatives with DNA is characterized as follows : 1) Substitution into the β-carboline skeleton rings decreases the number of binding sites. 2) The polar groups OH and OCH3 increase the binding affinity at the first specific term. 3) A decrease in the planarity of the β-carboline skeleton decreases the binding affinity. 4) The interaction of harmalol with DNA may be less potent than that of harmine.
{"title":"Intercalation of Six β-Carboline Derivatives into DNA","authors":"Z. Taira, Shingo Kanzawa, Chiemi Dohara, S. Ishida, M. Matsumoto, Y. Sakiya","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.83","url":null,"abstract":"The absorption spectra, ethidium bromide fluorescent spectra and circular dichroism (CD) spectra indicate that six β-carboline derivatives, norharman, harman, harmol, harmine, harmalol and harmaline intercalate into DNA. This result is supported by unwinding experiments using the superhelical plasmid pBR322 DNA, and the magnitude of intercalation except for harmalol decreased in the order of harmol>harmine>harmaline>harman>norharman. The potency of the interactions was further determined by spectrophotometric titration. The Scatchard plots were then analyzed using the Langmuir equation including two terms for specific and non-specific interactions. The interaction of the β-carboline derivatives with DNA is characterized as follows : 1) Substitution into the β-carboline skeleton rings decreases the number of binding sites. 2) The polar groups OH and OCH3 increase the binding affinity at the first specific term. 3) A decrease in the planarity of the β-carboline skeleton decreases the binding affinity. 4) The interaction of harmalol with DNA may be less potent than that of harmine.","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"7 1","pages":"83-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86729804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Potassium Sorbate on the Decrease of Cellular GSH Levels in Cultured Rat Hepatocytes (Proceedings of the 22nd Symposium on Toxicology and Environmental Health)","authors":"N. Sugihara, K. Furuno","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.P16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.P16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84394221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Fukuoka, S. Niimi, Tetsu Kobayashi, Yu Zhou, T. Hayakawa
{"title":"Possible Origin of Testicular Damage by Phthalic Acid Esters (Proceedings of the 22nd Symposium on Toxicology and Environmental Health)","authors":"M. Fukuoka, S. Niimi, Tetsu Kobayashi, Yu Zhou, T. Hayakawa","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.P21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.P21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76078149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a Portable Cocaine-Selective Electrode (Proceedings of the 22nd Symposium on Toxicology and Environmental Health)","authors":"Kiyoyuki Watanabe, K. Okada, H. Oda, T. Katsu","doi":"10.1248/JHS1956.43.P17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1248/JHS1956.43.P17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14851,"journal":{"name":"Japanese journal of toxicology and environmental health","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79745027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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