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Revival of US 301 and China's Management Strategy 美国301条款的复兴与中国的管理策略
Hang Zheng
Zheng Hang School of Economics Shanghai University Shanghai, China zhenghang1996@126.com Abstract— On March 23, 2018, the United States made a unilateral sanction decision on the basis of the "301 Investigation" launched by the US on China on August 15th last year. China responded positively later, along with the outbreak of the trade war between China and the United States and aroused worldwide concern. First of all, this paper analyzed the development and connotation of "301 clause" and the economic and political reasons hidden behind the "301 survey": the huge trade surplus between China and the United States, as well as the surge of anti-globalization trend. Combining with the banana trade war between the United States and the Europe, we came to the conclusion that the "301 clause" has violated the following three basic principles of WTO, the most-favored-nation treatment principle, tariff protection principle and the principle of fair and just settlement of trade disputes. Although the "301 clause" has caused strong dissatisfaction among many countries, nevertheless, the WTO experts still ruled that "301 clause" does not violate the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. Finally, we argue that China should draw up some managements, like strengthening the training of internal talents, deepening the reform in the field of intellectual property rights, taking both internal and external measures together, learning from the experience of other countries, and then responding to unilateral trade protection acts in accordance with international rules. These managements must be useful for Chinese development.
摘要2018年3月23日,美国在去年8月15日对中国发起“301调查”的基础上,作出单边制裁决定。随后,随着中美贸易战的爆发,中国做出了积极回应,引起了国际社会的关注。首先,本文分析了“301条款”的发展和内涵,以及“301调查”背后隐藏的经济和政治原因:中美之间巨大的贸易顺差,以及逆全球化思潮的涌动。结合美欧香蕉贸易战,我们得出结论,“301条款”违反了WTO的三项基本原则,即最惠国待遇原则、关税保护原则和公平公正解决贸易争端原则。尽管“301条款”引起了许多国家的强烈不满,但WTO专家仍然裁定“301条款”不违反WTO争端解决机制。最后,我们认为中国应该制定一些管理措施,如加强内部人才的培养,深化知识产权领域的改革,内外并举,借鉴其他国家的经验,然后根据国际规则应对单边贸易保护行为。这些管理对中国的发展一定是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
The Exploration of the Regional Architecture Culture Intervening in Teaching Practice of Architecture Design 地域建筑文化介入建筑设计教学实践的探索
Ying Xu
Regional architectural culture is a treasure with thousand-year history. Its extensive and profound content will affect the sustainable development of architectural design to a deeper level, a higher goal and a wider range of fields. According to the current situation that regional architectural culture is involved in architectural design teaching practice, this paper points out the significance of regional architectural culture's involvement in architectural design teaching practice, and further explores the rationalization measures of regional architectural culture's involvement in architectural design teaching practice, with a view to promoting the reform of architectural design teaching practice and the inheritance and promotion of regional architectural culture. Key words—Regional architectural culture, Architectural design, Teaching practice, Exploration
地域建筑文化是具有千年历史的瑰宝。其广泛而深刻的内容将影响建筑设计向更深层次、更高目标和更广泛领域的可持续发展。根据区域建筑文化介入建筑设计教学实践的现状,指出区域建筑文化介入建筑设计教学实践的意义,并进一步探讨区域建筑文化介入建筑设计教学实践的合理化措施。以期促进建筑设计教学实践的改革和地域建筑文化的传承与弘扬。关键词:地域建筑文化;建筑设计;教学实践
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引用次数: 1
A Study on Blended Modes for College English Teaching Based on MOOCs 基于mooc的大学英语混合式教学模式研究
Yujie Liu
Blended learning in higher education is the basic mode preferred by both teachers and students. With the rapid development of MOOCs, teachers are exploring the ways to make use of MOOCs to create an effective blended learning strategies. However, specific attention for the general blended modes for college English teaching still scarce. Therefore, this study explores the basic requirements on blended teaching based on MOOCs, aiming to establish a blended mode for college English teaching based on MOOCs. The mode consists of three major parts: Input by online learning; output through classroom practice and discussion and after-class reflection and consolidation. The configuration and practice of college English blended teaching modes help to solve the problem that students are not so capable of autonomous learning and motivate students to think critically. Keywords— Blended learning, MOOCs, College English teaching
高等教育中混合式学习是教师和学生共同选择的基本模式。随着mooc的快速发展,教师们正在探索如何利用mooc创建有效的混合式学习策略。然而,对于大学英语教学中普遍存在的混合式教学模式,目前还缺乏专门的研究。因此,本研究探讨了基于mooc的混合式教学的基本要求,旨在建立基于mooc的大学英语混合式教学模式。该模式包括三个主要部分:在线学习输入;通过课堂实践讨论和课后反思巩固输出。大学英语混合式教学模式的配置与实践,有助于解决学生自主学习能力不足的问题,激发学生的批判性思维。关键词:混合式学习,mooc,大学英语教学
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引用次数: 0
Stock Investment Selection Management Based on Bayesian Method 基于贝叶斯方法的股票投资选择管理
Zhixuan Gao
This paper aims to provide a stock selection management method based on bayesian in order to improve the investment management for investors. Firstly, the financial indicators of Shanghai A-shares were extracted, and those that had a significant impact on the stock increase were selected as the characteristic information of the stock by bayesian model average method. Secondly, the stock was classified into high yield stocks and other stocks by the stock characteristic information using naive Bayesian classification method. Finally, compare the increase of classified high yield stocks with the counterpart of benchmark. The results show that the classified high-yield stock by naive bayesian classification rose higher, indicates that the method provides the investors opportunity for higher returns on the stock investment, which is a meaningful method to improve their investment management. Keywords— Stock Investment Selection Management, Bayesian Model Average Method, Bayesian Naive Classification
本文旨在提出一种基于贝叶斯的选股管理方法,以提高投资者的投资管理水平。首先对上海a股的财务指标进行提取,采用贝叶斯模型平均法选取对股价上涨有显著影响的指标作为股票的特征信息。其次,利用朴素贝叶斯分类方法,根据股票特征信息将股票分为高收益股票和其他股票;最后,对分类高收益股票与基准股票的涨幅进行了比较。结果表明,采用朴素贝叶斯分类方法分类的高收益股票涨幅较高,说明该方法为投资者提供了获得较高股票投资收益的机会,是提高投资者投资管理水平的一种有意义的方法。关键词:股票投资选择管理,贝叶斯模型平均法,贝叶斯朴素分类
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引用次数: 2
Discussion on the Strategies and Difficulties of Teaching and Learning in English News Listening 浅谈英语新闻听力教学的策略与难点
Peng Liu
English news listening, as a meaningful part in learning and teaching of the English language, has not received enough attention in higher education, which has brought a negative effect on English-majors’ learning and the development of subject education in listening. This thesis will introduce the importance of English news listening, and the difficulties that students face because of the special characteristics of English news. It will provide three effective strategies on teaching and learning in English news listening. The thesis will enrich future learning and teaching in this field for English majors in colleges and universities, which will help students’ to learn more efficiently and offer useful opinions to teachers for their teaching planning, thus leading to better quality English major students and listening courses. Keywords—English news, Listening Teaching, college students, strategies, English majors I. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ROLE OF ENGLISH NEWS LISTENING English News listening is a significant part of the content of English listening. The ability to understand news listening is an important criterion for English majors in their knowledge composition and communication skills. According to the "English Syllabus for English Majors in Colleges and Universities" [1], the goal of the English-major student is to create a solid English language foundation and a broad knowledge of culture and to proficiently engage in translation, teaching, management, and research in many specific fields including foreign affairs, education, economics, trade, culture, science and technology, and military, as well as others. To achieve this goal, English listening as one of the four elements of learning English, plays an indispensable role in the process of learning, and the listening comprehension of English broadcast news with its language, vocabulary and cultural characteristics determines its universal significance for English learning. Most materials for news listening are derived from the television and broadcast media of English-speaking countries, which report on all aspects of social life covering politics, economics, culture, education, sports, science and technology, and other topics [2]. It is the most direct and lively reflection of English-speaking society and one of the best materials for English majors to understand the culture related to English. Language is the carrier of culture, and the study of language results in the transmission and spread of culture [3]. Contacting and understanding the culture of other countries is one of the most efficient ways to broaden students’ horizons and cultivate critical thinking. Therefore, it can be seen that English news listening practice has a meaningful position in learning more about diversified cultures for language learners in the context of globalization. The news listening materials contain a lot of new and old vocabulary words and new language phenomena generated in the use of the English langu
英语新闻听力作为英语语言学习和教学的重要组成部分,在高等教育中没有得到足够的重视,这给英语专业学生的学习和听力学科教育的发展带来了负面影响。本文将介绍英语新闻听力的重要性,以及由于英语新闻的特殊性,学生在听力学习中所面临的困难。为英语新闻听力教学提供了三种有效的策略。本文将丰富高校英语专业今后在这一领域的学习和教学,帮助学生更有效地学习,为教师的教学规划提供有用的意见,从而提高英语专业学生和听力课程的质量。关键词:英语新闻,听力教学,大学生,策略,英语专业1 .英语新闻听力的重要性英语新闻听力是英语听力的重要组成部分。新闻听力理解能力是英语专业学生知识构成和沟通能力的重要标准。根据《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》,英语专业学生的目标是具备扎实的英语语言基础和广泛的文化知识,能够在外交、教育、经济、贸易、文化、科技、军事等领域熟练从事翻译、教学、管理和研究工作。要实现这一目标,英语听力作为学习英语的四大要素之一,在学习过程中起着不可或缺的作用,而英语广播新闻的听力理解以其语言、词汇和文化特征决定了其对英语学习的普遍意义。新闻听力的材料大多来源于英语国家的电视和广播媒体,报道社会生活的方方面面,包括政治、经济、文化、教育、体育、科技等话题。它是英语社会最直接、最生动的反映,也是英语专业学生了解英语文化的最佳材料之一。语言是文化的载体,对语言的研究是文化的传递和传播。接触和了解其他国家的文化是拓宽学生视野和培养批判性思维的最有效途径之一。由此可见,在全球化背景下,英语新闻听力练习对于语言学习者更多地了解多元文化具有重要的意义。新闻听力材料中包含了大量英语语言运用中产生的新、旧词汇和新语言现象;研究这些新兴词汇和语言现象有助于理解英语语言发展的最新趋势。对于英语专业的学习者来说,它可以增加语言学习的兴趣,不断更新学生对语言学习的认知和积累。英语新闻听力材料的正式文体比较严谨;因此,它在句子结构和句法特征上与日常交际语言不同。后者主要使用短句,句子结构相对随意。结构相对复杂的长句的使用对语言能力和听力理解能力提出了更高的要求。这也决定了英语新闻听力教学不同于日常口语听力理解教学。所有高等院校的英语专业考试都设置了新闻听力部分。因此,对于英语专业的大学生来说,要想获得优秀的英语学习技能,取得好成绩,新闻听力是不可忽视的。2学习英语新闻听力的难点一、与英语新闻的发音特点不适应国际英语新闻的突出特点是广播速度快,停顿时间短。其广播速度约为每分钟140字。在短时间内,学生只能通过记忆来记录的信息是非常有限的,这使得学生在理解文章时有一定的困难,导致学生对练习[5]产生焦虑和抵触。此外,国际英语新闻语速的特点是在播出过程中往往伴随着连音、字不清、弱音、不完全爆破等言语现象。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Innovative Mode of Ideological and Political Education in Colleges and Universities under Internet Environment 网络环境下高校思想政治教育创新模式研究
Xin Li, Bing Wu
The development of information technology has innovated the current mode of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, and has achieved better educational services. In order to meet the needs of the development of the times, the ideological and political education in colleges and universities should change the previous teaching mode and speed up their own transformation according to the characteristics of the development of the network age. Internet is speeding up the integration with traditional industries, education is no exception, ideological and political work in colleges and universities in China is facing a variety of opportunities and challenges. Through the analysis of the traditional ideological and political education and network education mode, and draw lessons from the successful experience in the field of real economy, this paper puts forward some innovative views and countermeasures to the ideological and political work in colleges and universities under the background of the Internet. Key words—Innovative Mode, Ideological and Political Education, under Internet Environment
信息技术的发展,创新了当前高校思想政治教育的模式,实现了更好的教育服务。为适应时代发展的需要,高校思想政治教育应根据网络时代发展的特点,改变以往的教学模式,加快自身的转型。互联网正在加速与传统产业的融合,教育也不例外,中国高校思想政治工作面临着各种机遇和挑战。本文通过对传统思想政治教育和网络教育模式的分析,并借鉴实体经济领域的成功经验,对互联网背景下高校思想政治工作提出了一些创新的观点和对策。关键词:创新模式;网络环境下思想政治教育
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引用次数: 0
Applying Schema Theories to English Reading in Application-oriented Talent Training Mode 图式理论在应用型人才培养模式中的应用
Junling Yan
English reading is an important basic course for English majors. It aims to help students improve their English level and expand their knowledge through extensive reading[1]. However, the teaching mode of English reading course in our college is far from the requirements of application-oriented talent training target. There are some lag phenomena in teaching contents, teaching methods, teaching means, assessment methods and teacher construction[2]. This paper focuses on the use of modern schema theories to realize the reform of English reading course and to cultivate applied talents to contribute their own strength[3].
英语阅读是英语专业的一门重要的基础课。它旨在通过广泛的阅读来帮助学生提高英语水平和扩展知识。然而,我校英语阅读课的教学模式与应用型人才培养目标的要求相差甚远。在教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、考核方法、师资队伍建设等方面存在一些滞后现象。本文着眼于运用现代图式理论,实现英语阅读课的改革,培养应用型人才,贡献自己的力量。
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引用次数: 2
On the Effectiveness of Internal Regulations in Colleges and Universities 论高校内部制度的有效性
Duofu Cao
The internal rules and regulations of colleges and universities are the institutionalized means to maintain the normal order of education and teaching in Colleges and universities. In recent years, the emergence of legal disputes in Colleges and universities has made the legitimacy and validity of internal rules and regulations in Colleges and universities doubtful. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to review the effectiveness of the internal rules and regulations of colleges and universities in China, and to put forward suggestions, in order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of teachers and students. Key words—universities, internal regulations, legitimacy, effectiveness
高校内部规章制度是维护高校正常教育教学秩序的制度化手段。近年来,高校法律纠纷的出现,使高校内部规章制度的合法性和有效性受到质疑。因此,审视中国高校内部规章制度的有效性,并提出建议,以维护师生的合法权益,具有重要的现实意义。关键词:高校;内部制度;合法性
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引用次数: 0
Study on the Application of Portrait Identification Technology in China's Entry and Exit Management 人像识别技术在中国出入境管理中的应用研究
Guanlin Pan
Portrait recognition technology is widely used in China for its unique features of concealment, speed and reliability. This paper studies on the application of portrait recognition technology in the entry and exit management in China.On the basis of summarizing the principle, characteristics and working process of portrait recognition technology, the application status of this technology in the entry and exit management of China is analyzed, and the prospect of future application is proposed.The study of this paper has certain practical significance to improve the security management level of our country's entry and exit. Keywords—portrait recognition, the entry and exit .management, application Portrait recognition technology is widely used in the fields of file management, security verification, crime detection, import and export management, man-machine interaction and financial industry because of its high recognition, low cost of use and convenient sampling method [1].With the continuous development of China's big data era and information technology, portrait recognition technology will have a wider application.This paper studies on the application of portrait recognition technology in the entry and exit management in China.The study of this paper has certain practical significance to improve the security management level of our country's entry and exit. I. APPLICATION PRINCIPLE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF PORTRAIT RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY The application of portrait recognition technology is mainly based on the powerful information technology. The computer is used to identify various features of portrait, and the real identity of the identified object is determined through the check calculation of relevant algorithms [2].The comparison between portrait recognition technology and other biometric identification technology is shown in table 1. TABLE 1 COMPARISON OF PORTRAIT RECOGNITION TECHNOLOGY AND OTHER BIOMETRIC IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUES Comparative project Portrait recognition Fingerprint recognition Retina recognition Iris recognition Inspection Method Need to contact No Yes No No need Coordinator of the testee No Yes Yes Yes Acquisition rate fastest fast slow faster Copy or not No When static No No Reliability High High Highest Highest Convenient to use, Most convenient convenient inconvenient More convenient Extensive application widest wide Not wide wider From the comparison results in the table, it can be seen that portrait recognition technology mainly has the following prominent features: 1. Portrait recognition technology does not need to contact the detection object or cooperate with the detection object. Therefore, it is highly concealed. 2. Portrait recognition technology has the fastest data acquisition rate, low cost of equipment and facilities, and is very convenient and quick to use. 3. Portrait is not easy to copy, which makes portrait recognition technology highly reliable and strong traceability. II. THE APPLICATION WORKFLOW OF
人像识别技术以其隐蔽性、快速性和可靠性等特点在国内得到广泛应用。本文对人像识别技术在中国出入境管理中的应用进行了研究。在总结人像识别技术原理、特点和工作流程的基础上,分析了该技术在中国出入境管理中的应用现状,并提出了未来应用前景。本文的研究对提高我国出入境安全管理水平具有一定的现实意义。人像识别技术以其识别率高、使用成本低、采样方法方便等优点被广泛应用于档案管理、安全验证、犯罪侦查、进出口管理、人机交互以及金融行业等领域。随着中国大数据时代和信息技术的不断发展,人像识别技术将有更广泛的应用。本文对人像识别技术在中国出入境管理中的应用进行了研究。本文的研究对提高我国出入境安全管理水平具有一定的现实意义。一、肖像识别技术的应用原理及特点肖像识别技术的应用主要基于强大的信息技术。利用计算机对人像的各种特征进行识别,通过相关算法[2]的校验计算,确定被识别对象的真实身份。人像识别技术与其他生物特征识别技术的对比如表1所示。表1人像识别技术与其他生物特征识别技术比较项目人像识别指纹识别视网膜识别虹膜识别检测方法是否需要联系否是否不需要被试协调人否是是是采集速率快快慢快否静态时否否可靠性高高最高最高使用方便从表中的对比结果可以看出,人像识别技术主要有以下几个突出特点:1。人像识别技术不需要与检测对象接触,也不需要与检测对象配合。因此,它是高度隐蔽的。2. 人像识别技术的数据采集速度最快,设备设施成本低,使用起来非常方便快捷。3.人像不易复制,这使得人像识别技术可靠性高,可追溯性强。2中国出入境管理中使用的人像识别系统主要包括前端数据采集系统、图像数据处理系统和数据管理查询系统。前端数据采集系统主要负责对被定义为特征的数据进行采集,使图像数据完整并提供可靠的分析数据,对后续系统进行测试时不得戴口罩,测试环境光线明亮,如拍摄角度是否正确,这些都对该技术的应用提出了非常高的要求。图像数据处理系统主要对前端采集的图像数据进行优化,提取人像的主要区别特征,与数据库中的标准样本进行比对。数据管理查询系统是为了比较和查询优化后的数据第八届国际教育与管理会议(ICEM 2018)版权所有©2019,作者。亚特兰蒂斯出版社出版。这是一篇基于CC BY-NC许可(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/)的开放获取文章。《经济、商业和管理研究进展》,第75卷
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引用次数: 0
The Application of Educational Games in English Teaching for Non-English Major Students 教育游戏在非英语专业学生英语教学中的应用
Kendra Ma
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Proceedings of the 2018 8th International Conference on Education and Management (ICEM 2018)
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