Pearl millet is grown in environments that are drought-prone areas. The climate change is expected to increase vulnerability in all agro-ecological zones through rising temperature and more erratic rainfall, which will have drastic consequences on food security. Pearl millet is the cereal crop that has a great potential for ensuring food security and income generation in marginal areas because of its suitability to the extreme limits of agriculture. This study was carried out at the Jebel Kordofan experimental site, Sheikan province in North Kordofan state during 2010-2012 seasons to evaluate the effect of different sowing techniques on yield and rainfall productivity of local and improved millet cultivars. Treatments were a combination of four sowing techniques and two cultivars of pearl millet. The sowing techniques were: dry sowing, wet sowing, deep dibbling (10-cm depth) and priming with micro-dozing fertilizer. The two cultivars were Ashana (improved) and Dembi (local). These treatments were arranged in a split-plot design, the main plot for cultivars and subplot for sowing methods in four replications. The parameters studied were days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), grain yield (kg/ha) and rainfall productivity (kg/ha/mm). The cultivars showed highly significant differences in the number of days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), grain yield (kg/ha) and rainfall productivity (kg/ha/mm). The dry sowing technique significantly (P ? 0.05) produced the tallest plant (149cm), higher water use efficiency (5.10 kg/ha/mm) and the highest grain yield (1637 kg/ha). It can be concluded that the seedbed prepared with a chisel plough and sown on dry soil produced the highest grain yield.
{"title":"Effect of sowing techniques on yield and rainfall productivity of pearl millet in gardud soil of north Kordofan state","authors":"K. S. Hassan, A. Bakhit, E. Ahmed","doi":"10.2298/jas2001037h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2001037h","url":null,"abstract":"Pearl millet is grown in environments that are drought-prone areas. The climate change is expected to increase vulnerability in all agro-ecological zones through rising temperature and more erratic rainfall, which will have drastic consequences on food security. Pearl millet is the cereal crop that has a great potential for ensuring food security and income generation in marginal areas because of its suitability to the extreme limits of agriculture. This study was carried out at the Jebel Kordofan experimental site, Sheikan province in North Kordofan state during 2010-2012 seasons to evaluate the effect of different sowing techniques on yield and rainfall productivity of local and improved millet cultivars. Treatments were a combination of four sowing techniques and two cultivars of pearl millet. The sowing techniques were: dry sowing, wet sowing, deep dibbling (10-cm depth) and priming with micro-dozing fertilizer. The two cultivars were Ashana (improved) and Dembi (local). These treatments were arranged in a split-plot design, the main plot for cultivars and subplot for sowing methods in four replications. The parameters studied were days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), grain yield (kg/ha) and rainfall productivity (kg/ha/mm). The cultivars showed highly significant differences in the number of days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), grain yield (kg/ha) and rainfall productivity (kg/ha/mm). The dry sowing technique significantly (P ? 0.05) produced the tallest plant (149cm), higher water use efficiency (5.10 kg/ha/mm) and the highest grain yield (1637 kg/ha). It can be concluded that the seedbed prepared with a chisel plough and sown on dry soil produced the highest grain yield.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82774244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Özberk, İ. Özberk, H. Ayhan, M. Bayhan, F. Ipeksever
This study aimed to assess the presence of various ratios of black and white hulled grains in barley grain lots and mixture impacts on marketing prices. The study was carried out in the Sanl?urfa commodity market in the autumn of 2005 in Sanl?urfa and Diyarbakir in 2015 and Sanliurfa, Ad?yaman and Gaziantep local commodity markets in 2017. The seven barley grain samples were prepared (100% White [W], 10% Black [B]+90% White [W], 20%B+80%W, 30%B+70%W, 40%B+60%W, 50%B+50%W and 100% Black) and presented to four randomly selected grain purchasers in all commodity markets and marketing price offers were scored. Increasing ratios of black-hulled barley (BHB) reduced marketing price gradually in 2005. In 2015, marketing prices were 0.337 US$ kg-1 for white and 0.365 US$ kg-1 for black in Sanliurfa and 0.334 US$ kg-1 for white and 0.352 US$ kg-1 for black barley in Diyarbakir. In 2017, except for Ad?yaman, marketing price offers were in favour of BHB and it received 0.37 US$ kg-1 and 0.321 US$ kg-1 marketing price offers in Gaziantep and Diyarbak?r, respectively. In 2017, WHB marketing prices were 0.325 US$ kg-1 and 0.315 US$ kg-1 in Gaziantep and Diyarbak?r locations, respectively. It was concluded that, except for Ad?yaman, barley marketing prices traditionally in favour of white hulled barley turned out to be in favour of black type in a decade in south eastern Anatolia.
{"title":"Marketing prices of barley in southeastern Anatolia: Black vs. White hulled barley","authors":"F. Özberk, İ. Özberk, H. Ayhan, M. Bayhan, F. Ipeksever","doi":"10.2298/jas2003297o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2003297o","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the presence of various ratios of black and white hulled grains in barley grain lots and mixture impacts on marketing prices. The study was carried out in the Sanl?urfa commodity market in the autumn of 2005 in Sanl?urfa and Diyarbakir in 2015 and Sanliurfa, Ad?yaman and Gaziantep local commodity markets in 2017. The seven barley grain samples were prepared (100% White [W], 10% Black [B]+90% White [W], 20%B+80%W, 30%B+70%W, 40%B+60%W, 50%B+50%W and 100% Black) and presented to four randomly selected grain purchasers in all commodity markets and marketing price offers were scored. Increasing ratios of black-hulled barley (BHB) reduced marketing price gradually in 2005. In 2015, marketing prices were 0.337 US$ kg-1 for white and 0.365 US$ kg-1 for black in Sanliurfa and 0.334 US$ kg-1 for white and 0.352 US$ kg-1 for black barley in Diyarbakir. In 2017, except for Ad?yaman, marketing price offers were in favour of BHB and it received 0.37 US$ kg-1 and 0.321 US$ kg-1 marketing price offers in Gaziantep and Diyarbak?r, respectively. In 2017, WHB marketing prices were 0.325 US$ kg-1 and 0.315 US$ kg-1 in Gaziantep and Diyarbak?r locations, respectively. It was concluded that, except for Ad?yaman, barley marketing prices traditionally in favour of white hulled barley turned out to be in favour of black type in a decade in south eastern Anatolia.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73785361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. N. Shibly, M. R. Islam, M. Hasan, M. Bari, J. Ahmed
Waterlogging is a major constraint of mungbean production in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and can cause a significant yield loss. The study evaluated 100 mungbean genotypes for tolerance to waterlogging employing rigorous field screening procedures. Three-week-old seedlings of 100 mungbean genotypes were subjected to waterlogging for 3 days maintaining a waterlogging depth of 2.5 cm. Waterlogging tolerance was evaluated during the periods of recovery and final harvest considering relative performance (values of waterlogging relative to non-waterlogging controls) of 18 plant traits. All the genotypes showed a wide range of variation in relative values. Some genotypes subjected to waterlogging produced plenty of adventitious roots that contributed to foliage development and chlorophyll increment, which resulted in better shoot growth, and eventually yield of mungbean increased. Nine plant traits highly associated in waterlogged conditions were used in cluster analysis. The genotypes within cluster 6 and cluster 7 performed better regarding almost all plant traits whereas cluster 4 performed very poorly. Discriminant function analysis showed that function 1 and function 2 explained 54.5% and 32.2%, respectively and altogether 86.7% variation in the genotypes. The harvest index and straw dry matter mostly explained the total variance in function 1. Dry matter of root, shoot and straw explained the maximum variance in function 2. Root dry matter played the most dominant role in explaining the maximum variance in the genotypes. The genotypes IPSA-10 and VC 6379 (23-11) showed a better degree of tolerance to waterlogging concerning yield and associated morpho-physiological traits.
{"title":"Evaluation of yield and yield-related traits for waterlogging tolerance in mungbean genotypes using multivariate techniques","authors":"N. N. Shibly, M. R. Islam, M. Hasan, M. Bari, J. Ahmed","doi":"10.2298/jas2002099s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2002099s","url":null,"abstract":"Waterlogging is a major constraint of mungbean production in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world and can cause a significant yield loss. The study evaluated 100 mungbean genotypes for tolerance to waterlogging employing rigorous field screening procedures. Three-week-old seedlings of 100 mungbean genotypes were subjected to waterlogging for 3 days maintaining a waterlogging depth of 2.5 cm. Waterlogging tolerance was evaluated during the periods of recovery and final harvest considering relative performance (values of waterlogging relative to non-waterlogging controls) of 18 plant traits. All the genotypes showed a wide range of variation in relative values. Some genotypes subjected to waterlogging produced plenty of adventitious roots that contributed to foliage development and chlorophyll increment, which resulted in better shoot growth, and eventually yield of mungbean increased. Nine plant traits highly associated in waterlogged conditions were used in cluster analysis. The genotypes within cluster 6 and cluster 7 performed better regarding almost all plant traits whereas cluster 4 performed very poorly. Discriminant function analysis showed that function 1 and function 2 explained 54.5% and 32.2%, respectively and altogether 86.7% variation in the genotypes. The harvest index and straw dry matter mostly explained the total variance in function 1. Dry matter of root, shoot and straw explained the maximum variance in function 2. Root dry matter played the most dominant role in explaining the maximum variance in the genotypes. The genotypes IPSA-10 and VC 6379 (23-11) showed a better degree of tolerance to waterlogging concerning yield and associated morpho-physiological traits.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81124442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vera Karličić, D. Radić, Jelena Jovičić-Petrović, V. Raičević
Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seeds were inoculated with several plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and sown in the substrate contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organometallic derivatives of tin (OT). The aim was to determine if selected PGPB strains can promote the growth of red clover in the substrate contaminated with several organic pollutants. The influence of bacteria on red clover growth (height, root length and biomass) was monitored during the three-month experimental period. The most significant improvements of seedling height were noted in the treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D5 ARV and Pseudomonas putida P1 ARV. Root growth was positively affected by Serratia liquefaciens Z-I ARV. The same isolates significantly affected biomass production. Those isolates caused total biomass increases of 70%, 48% and 33% compared to control. Bacterial strains used in this study were already confirmed as PGPB by biochemical testing, as well as by an in vivo test of mixed inoculums on several woody plants grown in the coal-mine overburden site. This work is the first-time record on their individual effects on one plant species. Obtained results confirmed that inoculation with several PGPB strains can enhance red clover growth in polluted soil.
{"title":"Bacterial inoculation: A tool for red clover growth promotion in polluted soil","authors":"Vera Karličić, D. Radić, Jelena Jovičić-Petrović, V. Raičević","doi":"10.2298/jas2002163k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2002163k","url":null,"abstract":"Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seeds were inoculated with several plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and sown in the substrate contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organometallic derivatives of tin (OT). The aim was to determine if selected PGPB strains can promote the growth of red clover in the substrate contaminated with several organic pollutants. The influence of bacteria on red clover growth (height, root length and biomass) was monitored during the three-month experimental period. The most significant improvements of seedling height were noted in the treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D5 ARV and Pseudomonas putida P1 ARV. Root growth was positively affected by Serratia liquefaciens Z-I ARV. The same isolates significantly affected biomass production. Those isolates caused total biomass increases of 70%, 48% and 33% compared to control. Bacterial strains used in this study were already confirmed as PGPB by biochemical testing, as well as by an in vivo test of mixed inoculums on several woody plants grown in the coal-mine overburden site. This work is the first-time record on their individual effects on one plant species. Obtained results confirmed that inoculation with several PGPB strains can enhance red clover growth in polluted soil.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90154569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. W. Jimoh, S. Kamarudin, B. Dauda, F Oster Nwachi
The effect of different sources of dietary fibre on the length-weight relationship of lemon fin barb hybrid (Barbonymus gonionotus ? ? Hypsibarbus wetmorei ?) was examined in a 56-day study using five dietary treatments; control and test dietary treatments containing different leaf meals of high dietary fibre added at the 10% inclusion level to a basal diet containing fish meal, soybean meal and rice bran. The weight of fish in each treatment was measured using a sensitive weighing balance while the total length was measured with a 15-cm-long ruler following standard procedures. The logarithmic transformation of the values obtained from the weight and length measurements was depicted using scatter diagrams. SPSS version 17.0 was used in regressing length against the weight to obtain the various components of the regression equations. The Levene test of homogeneity and interaction between covariate LogL and independent variable (treatments) was not significant - F(4.85)=0.838 and F(4.84)=1.345 respectively indicating that our data have not violated the assumption of homogeneity of variance. The various regression models developed for fish across various dietary treatments were statistically significant (p<0.01). The t-values for components of the regression equation such as intercept/constant (a) and slopes were all statistically significant except the t-value for the intercept/constant (a) of control. There was no significant effect of dietary treatments on LogW after controlling for logL, F(4.84)=1.296, revealing that the regression lines were not significantly different from each other. This shows that the regression models could be used interchangeably.
{"title":"Effects of different sources of dietary fibre on the length-weight relationship of lemon fin barb hybrid (Barbonymus gonionotus ♀ (Bleeker, 1850) ×hypsibarbus wetmorei ♂ (H.M. Smith, 1931)) fingerlings","authors":"A. W. Jimoh, S. Kamarudin, B. Dauda, F Oster Nwachi","doi":"10.2298/JAS2004391J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/JAS2004391J","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different sources of dietary fibre on the length-weight relationship of lemon fin barb hybrid (Barbonymus gonionotus ? ? Hypsibarbus wetmorei ?) was examined in a 56-day study using five dietary treatments; control and test dietary treatments containing different leaf meals of high dietary fibre added at the 10% inclusion level to a basal diet containing fish meal, soybean meal and rice bran. The weight of fish in each treatment was measured using a sensitive weighing balance while the total length was measured with a 15-cm-long ruler following standard procedures. The logarithmic transformation of the values obtained from the weight and length measurements was depicted using scatter diagrams. SPSS version 17.0 was used in regressing length against the weight to obtain the various components of the regression equations. The Levene test of homogeneity and interaction between covariate LogL and independent variable (treatments) was not significant - F(4.85)=0.838 and F(4.84)=1.345 respectively indicating that our data have not violated the assumption of homogeneity of variance. The various regression models developed for fish across various dietary treatments were statistically significant (p<0.01). The t-values for components of the regression equation such as intercept/constant (a) and slopes were all statistically significant except the t-value for the intercept/constant (a) of control. There was no significant effect of dietary treatments on LogW after controlling for logL, F(4.84)=1.296, revealing that the regression lines were not significantly different from each other. This shows that the regression models could be used interchangeably.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81013322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Milivojevic, D. Radivojevic, V. Maksimović, J. Dragisic-Maksimovic
The objective of this study was to determine and compare the content of total anthocyanins (TACY), total phenolics (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of the fruit of ‘Bluecrop’ highbush blueberry grown under different nutrient management practices in a soilless production system. A field study was carried out in a highbush blueberry plantation situated near Belgrade (Serbia), during the period of 2016–2017. The orchard was planted in the spring of 2016 in 50 l polypropylene pots with 5-year-old nursery plants. Each pot was filled with the mix of pine sawdust (60%), white peat (30%) and perlite (10%), and placed at a distance of 0.8 m within the row and 3.0 m between the rows (4,170 bushes ha). The following fertilizer treatments were evaluated: 1. organic fertilizers (Org); 2. mineral fertilizers (Min) and 3. a combination of organic and mineral fertilizers (Org-Min). Soluble NPK fertilizers were applied with irrigation water, whereas granulated mineral and pelleted organic fertilizers were mixed with the substrate. Fruit samples were collected in triplicate at the beginning of ripening, full maturity and the end of the harvest season. No significant effect of harvest time on each of the tested parameters was observed, whereas the content of TACY did not even differ under various fertilizer treatments. TPC in the fruit significantly increased in Org and Org-Min treatments (139.8 and 139.3 mg eq GA 100 g FW, respectively) compared to Min treatment (122.7 mg eq GA 100 g FW), while a considerably high TAA level was found only in berries under Org-Min treatment (0.53 mg asc g FW).
本研究的目的是测定和比较在无土生产系统中不同营养管理方式下生长的“蓝莓”高丛蓝莓果实的总花青素(TACY)、总酚(TPC)和总抗氧化活性(TAA)。2016-2017年期间，在贝尔格莱德(塞尔维亚)附近的高丛蓝莓种植园进行了一项实地研究。果园于2016年春天在50升的聚丙烯花盆中种植，种植了5年的苗木。每盆填入松木屑(60%)、白泥炭(30%)和珠光岩(10%)的混合物，行内间隔0.8 m，行间间隔3.0 m(4,170灌木公顷)。对以下施肥处理进行了评价:有机肥(Org);2. 矿质肥料(Min);有机和无机肥料的组合。可溶性氮磷钾肥料与灌溉水混合施用，颗粒状矿物肥和颗粒状有机肥与基质混合施用。果实样品在成熟初期、完全成熟和收获季节结束时一式三份采集。收获期对各试验参数均无显著影响，而TACY含量在不同施肥处理下均无显著差异。与Min处理(122.7 mg / GA 100 g FW)相比，Org和Org-Min处理(139.8 mg / GA 100 g FW)显著提高了果实中TPC的含量(139.3 mg / GA 100 g FW)，而只有Org-Min处理的果实中TAA含量较高(0.53 mg / g FW)。
{"title":"Variation in health promoting compounds of blueberry fruit associated with different nutrient management practices in a soilless growing system","authors":"J. Milivojevic, D. Radivojevic, V. Maksimović, J. Dragisic-Maksimovic","doi":"10.2298/jas2002175m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2002175m","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine and compare the content of total anthocyanins (TACY), total phenolics (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of the fruit of ‘Bluecrop’ highbush blueberry grown under different nutrient management practices in a soilless production system. A field study was carried out in a highbush blueberry plantation situated near Belgrade (Serbia), during the period of 2016–2017. The orchard was planted in the spring of 2016 in 50 l polypropylene pots with 5-year-old nursery plants. Each pot was filled with the mix of pine sawdust (60%), white peat (30%) and perlite (10%), and placed at a distance of 0.8 m within the row and 3.0 m between the rows (4,170 bushes ha). The following fertilizer treatments were evaluated: 1. organic fertilizers (Org); 2. mineral fertilizers (Min) and 3. a combination of organic and mineral fertilizers (Org-Min). Soluble NPK fertilizers were applied with irrigation water, whereas granulated mineral and pelleted organic fertilizers were mixed with the substrate. Fruit samples were collected in triplicate at the beginning of ripening, full maturity and the end of the harvest season. No significant effect of harvest time on each of the tested parameters was observed, whereas the content of TACY did not even differ under various fertilizer treatments. TPC in the fruit significantly increased in Org and Org-Min treatments (139.8 and 139.3 mg eq GA 100 g FW, respectively) compared to Min treatment (122.7 mg eq GA 100 g FW), while a considerably high TAA level was found only in berries under Org-Min treatment (0.53 mg asc g FW).","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"22 1","pages":"175-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83151820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Svjetlana Radmanović, Maja Gajic-Kvascev, V. Mrvić, Aleksandar Djordjevic
According to the Serbian official soil classification system, Rendzina is a soil type with an A-AC-C-R profile, developed on parent rock containing more than 20% of calcareous material (except soils with an A-R profile on hard pure limestone or dolomite). Previous investigations have shown that 29 Rendzina soil profiles from Serbia belong to the reference soil groups (RSGs) of Leptosols, Regosols and Phaeozems according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB 2015). The present study addresses the correlations among three WRB RSGs in terms of soil texture, mean weight diameter (MWD), total N content, and humus fractional composition using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The objective is to better understand the mutual relationship between the classification soil units used in Serbia and the international WRB system. The results show that PCA cannot unequivocally distinguish between these three RSGs. Leptosols and Regosols are highly incoherent groups while the group of Phaeozems is highly coherent, leading to the conclusion that the physical and chemical properties of the soil profiles of Phaoeozems are specific. It is obvious that soil depth and color, which are the overriding factors in the differentiation of Rendzina soils into three WRB RSGs, had no significant effect on these properties. The results further show that soil properties such as texture, MWD, humus fractional composition, etc. cannot be used to correlate Rendzina soils from Serbia with WRB. Instead, careful correlation of individual soil profiles is needed based on quantitative soil data analysis as required by WRB.
根据塞尔维亚官方土壤分类系统，Rendzina是一种具有a - ac - c - r剖面的土壤类型，在含有超过20%钙质物质的母岩上发育(除了硬纯石灰岩或白云岩上具有a - r剖面的土壤)。根据世界土壤资源参考基地(WRB 2015)，来自塞尔维亚的29个renzina土壤剖面属于Leptosols, Regosols和Phaeozems的参考土壤组(RSGs)。本研究利用主成分分析(PCA)研究了三种WRB RSGs在土壤质地、平均重径(MWD)、全氮含量和腐殖质分数组成等方面的相关性。目的是更好地了解塞尔维亚使用的分类土壤单位与国际WRB系统之间的相互关系。结果表明，PCA不能明确区分这三种RSGs。细粒土属和细粒土属是高度不相干的类群，而褐藻属是高度相干的类群，由此得出褐藻属土壤剖面的理化性质具有特异性的结论。土壤深度和土壤颜色是影响红土分化为3种WRB RSGs的主要因素，但对这些性状的影响不显著。结果进一步表明，土壤性质如质地、MWD、腐殖质分数组成等不能用于塞尔维亚Rendzina土壤与WRB的关联。相反，需要根据WRB的要求，在定量土壤数据分析的基础上，对各个土壤剖面进行仔细的关联。
{"title":"Characteristics of Rendzina soils in Serbia and their WRB classification","authors":"Svjetlana Radmanović, Maja Gajic-Kvascev, V. Mrvić, Aleksandar Djordjevic","doi":"10.2298/jas2003251r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2003251r","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Serbian official soil classification system, Rendzina is a soil type with an A-AC-C-R profile, developed on parent rock containing more than 20% of calcareous material (except soils with an A-R profile on hard pure limestone or dolomite). Previous investigations have shown that 29 Rendzina soil profiles from Serbia belong to the reference soil groups (RSGs) of Leptosols, Regosols and Phaeozems according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB 2015). The present study addresses the correlations among three WRB RSGs in terms of soil texture, mean weight diameter (MWD), total N content, and humus fractional composition using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The objective is to better understand the mutual relationship between the classification soil units used in Serbia and the international WRB system. The results show that PCA cannot unequivocally distinguish between these three RSGs. Leptosols and Regosols are highly incoherent groups while the group of Phaeozems is highly coherent, leading to the conclusion that the physical and chemical properties of the soil profiles of Phaoeozems are specific. It is obvious that soil depth and color, which are the overriding factors in the differentiation of Rendzina soils into three WRB RSGs, had no significant effect on these properties. The results further show that soil properties such as texture, MWD, humus fractional composition, etc. cannot be used to correlate Rendzina soils from Serbia with WRB. Instead, careful correlation of individual soil profiles is needed based on quantitative soil data analysis as required by WRB.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"4 1","pages":"251-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78390696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Milić, Danica Glavaš-Trbić, M. Tomaš-Simin, V. Zekić, T. Novaković, N. Vukelić
Animal husbandry has a longstanding tradition in Serbia, and the production of milk and dairy products has a rich legacy. Cow?s milk is used in the manufacture of all kinds of dairy products. Annual global cheese production is about 20 million tons, with cattle milk cheeses produced in large-scale processing plants constituting about 80% of that production. In Serbia, leaders of milk production are small family dairy farms, which contribute 92% of total production, while dairies with large capacity dominate in milk processing. There are 211 milk processing plants of varying capacities in Serbia. The largest amounts of milk are processed by dairy plants 'Imlek' and 'Subotica', while 188 small-scale dairies process 20% of total milk. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the economic indicators of production of semi-hard and hard cheeses in small-capacity dairies in Serbia. To determine the level and structure of production costs of dairy products, the analytical calculation method of per unit processing costs has been used. The study has revealed that the cost price of semi-hard and hard cheeses in small-capacity dairies amounts to 3.33 ?/kg. With 90.83% in the structure of total costs of processing the milk into cheese, the cost of raw materials has the largest share, followed by labor costs with 6.54%. For small-capacity dairies to be able to compete with larger dairies, both in product quality and price, it is crucial to continuously monitor and minimize production costs.
{"title":"Economic indicators of production of semi-hard and hard cheeses in small capacity dairies in Serbia","authors":"D. Milić, Danica Glavaš-Trbić, M. Tomaš-Simin, V. Zekić, T. Novaković, N. Vukelić","doi":"10.2298/jas2003283m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2003283m","url":null,"abstract":"Animal husbandry has a longstanding tradition in Serbia, and the production of milk and dairy products has a rich legacy. Cow?s milk is used in the manufacture of all kinds of dairy products. Annual global cheese production is about 20 million tons, with cattle milk cheeses produced in large-scale processing plants constituting about 80% of that production. In Serbia, leaders of milk production are small family dairy farms, which contribute 92% of total production, while dairies with large capacity dominate in milk processing. There are 211 milk processing plants of varying capacities in Serbia. The largest amounts of milk are processed by dairy plants 'Imlek' and 'Subotica', while 188 small-scale dairies process 20% of total milk. The subject of this paper is the analysis of the economic indicators of production of semi-hard and hard cheeses in small-capacity dairies in Serbia. To determine the level and structure of production costs of dairy products, the analytical calculation method of per unit processing costs has been used. The study has revealed that the cost price of semi-hard and hard cheeses in small-capacity dairies amounts to 3.33 ?/kg. With 90.83% in the structure of total costs of processing the milk into cheese, the cost of raw materials has the largest share, followed by labor costs with 6.54%. For small-capacity dairies to be able to compete with larger dairies, both in product quality and price, it is crucial to continuously monitor and minimize production costs.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"123 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84925378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. E. Ajayi, J. C. Okonji, T. O. Ayanlola, A. J. T. Olofintoye, O. Oyelowo
An experiment was conducted at the Vegetable Research Farm of the National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, in the rain-forest agro-ecological zone in 2016 and 2017 to determine suitable cropping systems to increase the yield of okra. The seed of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), cv. LD-88, was planted at a spacing of 60 ? 40 cm as an intercrop and monocrop to produce an average density of 4.2 plants?m-2; the intercrops cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), var. Ife brown, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), var. Kampala, were planted to provide average densities of 5.6 plants?m-2, 4.2 plants?m-2, 3.3 plants?m-2 and 2.7 plants?m-2. Data were collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and fruit yield of okra. Year affected plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and fruit yield of okra intercropped with legumes at different densities. Legume densities affected plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area and fruit yield. The interaction of year ? legume densities affected plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area and fruit yield of okra. Intercropping okra with peanut at the density of 2.7 plants?m-2 enhanced its growth and yield and appeared to be the best configuration for these crops.
{"title":"Improving the growth and yield of okra by intercropping with varying populations of legumes","authors":"O. E. Ajayi, J. C. Okonji, T. O. Ayanlola, A. J. T. Olofintoye, O. Oyelowo","doi":"10.2298/jas2003213a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2003213a","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at the Vegetable Research Farm of the National Horticultural Research Institute, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria, in the rain-forest agro-ecological zone in 2016 and 2017 to determine suitable cropping systems to increase the yield of okra. The seed of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench), cv. LD-88, was planted at a spacing of 60 ? 40 cm as an intercrop and monocrop to produce an average density of 4.2 plants?m-2; the intercrops cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.), var. Ife brown, and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), var. Kampala, were planted to provide average densities of 5.6 plants?m-2, 4.2 plants?m-2, 3.3 plants?m-2 and 2.7 plants?m-2. Data were collected on plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and fruit yield of okra. Year affected plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and fruit yield of okra intercropped with legumes at different densities. Legume densities affected plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area and fruit yield. The interaction of year ? legume densities affected plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area and fruit yield of okra. Intercropping okra with peanut at the density of 2.7 plants?m-2 enhanced its growth and yield and appeared to be the best configuration for these crops.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84776574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. O. Adeyemi, O. K. Ogunsola, M. P. Olorunmaiye, O. Azeez, O. D. Hosu, A. J. Adigun
Field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7o 20?N, 30 23?E) during the 2014 early and late cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of weeding frequency and phosphorus fertilizer application on the growth and grain yield of the early maturing cowpea variety (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot arrangement fitted into a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 15 and 30 P2O5kg ha-1) while the subplot comprised five weeding frequencies (no weeding, weed-free, hoe weeding at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS and weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS). The results showed that plots treated with phosphorus fertilizer at 15 kg ha-1 produced the highest number of leaves and the tallest plant in the late season while the highest grain yield was recorded in the early trials. Weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS during the early season trial gave the highest grain yield compared with other weeding treatments. Unchecked weed infestation reduced yield by 53.10 % and 49.9 % in the early and late seasons respectively compared to the maximum obtained from weed-free plots. This study concluded that application of 15 kg P2O5 ha-1 and weed removal at 3, 6 and 9 WAS were effective for effective weed control and optimum grain yield in cowpea production.
田间实验在阿贝奥库塔联邦农业大学的教学和研究农场进行。以2014年早、晚熟豇豆(Vigna unguiculata L. Walp)为试验材料，评价除草频率和磷肥施用量对早熟豇豆生长和籽粒产量的影响。实验采用随机完全区组设计，分为三组重复。主区采用0、15和30 P2O5kg hm -1 3种磷肥施用量，副区采用5种除草频率(不除草、不除草、播后3周锄草、播后3周和6周锄草、播后3周和6周锄草、播后3周和9周锄草)。结果表明，施用15 kg hm -1磷肥的地块晚季叶数和株高最高，籽粒产量在前期试验中最高。与其他除草处理相比，早季试验中3、6和9 WAS除草的籽粒产量最高。与未除草地块相比，未除草地块的产量在早期和晚期分别降低53.10%和49.9%。综上所述，施用15 kg P2O5 hm -1并在3、6和9 WAS除草可有效防治豇豆杂草，达到最佳产量。
{"title":"Effect of phosphorus (P) rates and weeding frequency on the growth and grain yield of extra early cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) in the forest-savanna agro-ecological zone of southwest Nigeria","authors":"R. O. Adeyemi, O. K. Ogunsola, M. P. Olorunmaiye, O. Azeez, O. D. Hosu, A. J. Adigun","doi":"10.2298/jas2001047a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2001047a","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiments were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (7o 20?N, 30 23?E) during the 2014 early and late cropping seasons to evaluate the effect of weeding frequency and phosphorus fertilizer application on the growth and grain yield of the early maturing cowpea variety (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot arrangement fitted into a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The main plot consisted of three phosphorus fertilizer rates (0, 15 and 30 P2O5kg ha-1) while the subplot comprised five weeding frequencies (no weeding, weed-free, hoe weeding at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), hoe weeding at 3 and 6 WAS and weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS). The results showed that plots treated with phosphorus fertilizer at 15 kg ha-1 produced the highest number of leaves and the tallest plant in the late season while the highest grain yield was recorded in the early trials. Weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS during the early season trial gave the highest grain yield compared with other weeding treatments. Unchecked weed infestation reduced yield by 53.10 % and 49.9 % in the early and late seasons respectively compared to the maximum obtained from weed-free plots. This study concluded that application of 15 kg P2O5 ha-1 and weed removal at 3, 6 and 9 WAS were effective for effective weed control and optimum grain yield in cowpea production.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83735095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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