Nadja Milutinovic, Uroš D. Vojinović, Stasa Koprivica, Maja Živanović, T. Vasić, M. Stević
The objective of this study was to determine the Colletotrichum acutatum isolates sensitivity to several chemical compounds in vitro and to find their possibilities as a potential control agents for anthracnose disease on strawberry. C. acutatum J.H. Simmonds, a causing agent of anthracnose, is a very important pathogen of strawberry, which leads to devastating losses in its production. The pathogen is effectively controlled by the fungicides. Thus their application is necessary for achieving high yield and fruit quality. The sensitivity of 14 isolates of C. acutatum, collected from commercial strawberry plantations in Serbia, to four fungicides, was examined by an in vitro sensitivity assay. Based on the results of morphological, pathogenic and molecular characterization (up to the complex level), all 14 isolates were determined as C. acutatum. The commercial formulation of tebuconazole, fludioxonil, prochloraz and thiophanate-methyl were used for the sensitivity test. The mycelial growth assay method was used to investigate isolates sensitivity to fungicides. The tested isolates were very sensitive to prochloraz and fludioxonil, with mean EC50 values of 0.067?0.062 mg L-1 and 0.093?0.043 mg L-1, respectively. Significantly higher mean EC50 values were observed for tebuconazole (1.473?0.878 mg L-1) and thiophanate-methyl (1.718?1.592 mg L-1). The toxicity of tested fungicides in the mycelial growth assay of C. acutatum isolates indicates the potential implementation of these fungicides in the protection programs against strawberry anthracnose disease.
{"title":"In vitro sensitivity of Colletotrichum acutatum isolates from strawberry to tebuconazole, prochloraz, fludioxonil and thiophanate-methyl","authors":"Nadja Milutinovic, Uroš D. Vojinović, Stasa Koprivica, Maja Živanović, T. Vasić, M. Stević","doi":"10.2298/jas2202191m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2202191m","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the Colletotrichum acutatum isolates sensitivity to several chemical compounds in vitro and to find their possibilities as a potential control agents for anthracnose disease on strawberry. C. acutatum J.H. Simmonds, a causing agent of anthracnose, is a very important pathogen of strawberry, which leads to devastating losses in its production. The pathogen is effectively controlled by the fungicides. Thus their application is necessary for achieving high yield and fruit quality. The sensitivity of 14 isolates of C. acutatum, collected from commercial strawberry plantations in Serbia, to four fungicides, was examined by an in vitro sensitivity assay. Based on the results of morphological, pathogenic and molecular characterization (up to the complex level), all 14 isolates were determined as C. acutatum. The commercial formulation of tebuconazole, fludioxonil, prochloraz and thiophanate-methyl were used for the sensitivity test. The mycelial growth assay method was used to investigate isolates sensitivity to fungicides. The tested isolates were very sensitive to prochloraz and fludioxonil, with mean EC50 values of 0.067?0.062 mg L-1 and 0.093?0.043 mg L-1, respectively. Significantly higher mean EC50 values were observed for tebuconazole (1.473?0.878 mg L-1) and thiophanate-methyl (1.718?1.592 mg L-1). The toxicity of tested fungicides in the mycelial growth assay of C. acutatum isolates indicates the potential implementation of these fungicides in the protection programs against strawberry anthracnose disease.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90952206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Milić, Dragana Tekić, T. Novaković, V. Zekić, Milana Popov, Zlata Mihajlov
The paper deals with agricultural and food companies which operated on the territory of Vojvodina in 2019. The study analyzed the risk of bankruptcy measured by the Altman?s Z-score method, as well as the profitability and productivity of the observed companies. The aim of the study was to use a multiple regression model to determine the impact of profitability and productivity on the risk of bankruptcy for agricultural and food companies of different sizes (including micro, small, medium and large companies) as well as to compare the results for these two sectors. The comparison of agricultural and food sectors was made according to the size of the companies. The obtained results indicated that profitability has a statistically significant positive impact on the risk of bankruptcy for micro and large agricultural companies, while for small agricultural companies, the risk of bankruptcy is statistically significant and positively affected by productivity. The risk of bankruptcy for medium-sized agricultural companies is not affected by the examined indicators. In addition, regression analysis indicated that the risk of bankruptcy for micro and small food companies has a statistically significant positive impact on profitability. In contrast, for medium and large food companies, the risk of bankruptcy is not affected by the observed variables.
{"title":"The impact of profitability and productivity on the risk of bankruptcy for agricultural and food companies in Vojvodina","authors":"D. Milić, Dragana Tekić, T. Novaković, V. Zekić, Milana Popov, Zlata Mihajlov","doi":"10.2298/jas2201047m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2201047m","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with agricultural and food companies which operated on the territory of Vojvodina in 2019. The study analyzed the risk of bankruptcy measured by the Altman?s Z-score method, as well as the profitability and productivity of the observed companies. The aim of the study was to use a multiple regression model to determine the impact of profitability and productivity on the risk of bankruptcy for agricultural and food companies of different sizes (including micro, small, medium and large companies) as well as to compare the results for these two sectors. The comparison of agricultural and food sectors was made according to the size of the companies. The obtained results indicated that profitability has a statistically significant positive impact on the risk of bankruptcy for micro and large agricultural companies, while for small agricultural companies, the risk of bankruptcy is statistically significant and positively affected by productivity. The risk of bankruptcy for medium-sized agricultural companies is not affected by the examined indicators. In addition, regression analysis indicated that the risk of bankruptcy for micro and small food companies has a statistically significant positive impact on profitability. In contrast, for medium and large food companies, the risk of bankruptcy is not affected by the observed variables.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85986479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The inability of pre-emergence herbicides alone to give season-long weed control in maize production justifies the need for supplementary weed control. Field trials were conducted to evaluate intercropped groundnut and jack bean for enhanced weed control efficacy of two pre-emergence herbicides in maize production in 2013/2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The experiment was arranged in split-plot fitted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots consisted of eight weed control treatments of a commercially formulated mixture of prometryne + metolachlor (ProbabenR); prometryne + acetochlor (Super UnionR) each at 2.4 kg a.i ha-1, 1.6 kg a.i ha-1 with and without supplementary hoe-weeding, two hoe-weedings and a weedy check. Sub-plot treatments consisted of eight cropping patterns (sole maize, maize-jack bean and maize-groundnut intercrops, each at two spacings [100 x 37.5 cm and 75 x 50 cm] and sole crops of jack bean and groundnut). All the weed control methods significantly reduced (p<0.05) weed dry matter compared to the weedy check by 10-81%. Maize grain yields (1.4-5.2 t ha-1) were similar for all plots with the weed control methods, except in the 2015 late season, but significantly depressed (21-48%) on those weed-infested throughout. Intercropped jack bean and groundnut with maize significantly suppressed weed growth relative to sole crops of maize, jack bean or groundnut by 20-67%. Therefore, the efficacy of pre-emergence herbicides in this study was enhanced by intercropping of maize with jack bean and groundnut at the spacings of 75 x 50 cm and 100 x 37.5 cm in the early seasons.
{"title":"Enhancing the weed control efficacy of two pre-emergence herbicides in maize/jack bean and maize/groundnut intercrops in derived savanna","authors":"Enor Eni, O. Adeyemi, S. Lagoke, O. Asiribo","doi":"10.2298/jas2104335e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2104335e","url":null,"abstract":"The inability of pre-emergence herbicides alone to give season-long weed control in maize production justifies the need for supplementary weed control. Field trials were conducted to evaluate intercropped groundnut and jack bean for enhanced weed control efficacy of two pre-emergence herbicides in maize production in 2013/2014 and 2015 cropping seasons at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. The experiment was arranged in split-plot fitted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Main plots consisted of eight weed control treatments of a commercially formulated mixture of prometryne + metolachlor (ProbabenR); prometryne + acetochlor (Super UnionR) each at 2.4 kg a.i ha-1, 1.6 kg a.i ha-1 with and without supplementary hoe-weeding, two hoe-weedings and a weedy check. Sub-plot treatments consisted of eight cropping patterns (sole maize, maize-jack bean and maize-groundnut intercrops, each at two spacings [100 x 37.5 cm and 75 x 50 cm] and sole crops of jack bean and groundnut). All the weed control methods significantly reduced (p<0.05) weed dry matter compared to the weedy check by 10-81%. Maize grain yields (1.4-5.2 t ha-1) were similar for all plots with the weed control methods, except in the 2015 late season, but significantly depressed (21-48%) on those weed-infested throughout. Intercropped jack bean and groundnut with maize significantly suppressed weed growth relative to sole crops of maize, jack bean or groundnut by 20-67%. Therefore, the efficacy of pre-emergence herbicides in this study was enhanced by intercropping of maize with jack bean and groundnut at the spacings of 75 x 50 cm and 100 x 37.5 cm in the early seasons.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79125731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The general acceptability of plants with proven records of medicinal values in the tropics in recent times has necessitated the use of dried avocado pear in the broiler diet and its possible effects on haematological variables and biochemical indices. The study focused on haematological and biochemical responses of broilers to varying levels of the inclusion of dried avocado pear seeds. The inclusion levels were 0% of the dried avocado pear seed meal as a control, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% and 5.5%. The experiment lasted for eight weeks: four weeks for the starter phase (for the acclimatization of the birds and the maturation of their GIT) and four weeks for the test trials (the finisher phase). The result showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the haematological parameters, which implied that the inclusion of the dried avocado pear seeds in broilers? diets had a positive influence on platelets, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and heterophils. The presence of lymphocytes indicated the adequate production of antibodies, which could prevent opportunistic infections, as was observed during the experimental trials with birds without the test ingredients. The dried avocado pear seed had a positive influence on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It could be concluded from this study that avocado pear seed has significant effects on improving the haematological and serum characteristics of broiler birds, with the highest values recorded in T4 (4.5%) and T5 (5.5%), respectively.
{"title":"Haematological indices and serum biochemistry of broiler chicken finisher fed diets containing dried avocado pear seed (Persea americana) meal","authors":"Akinduro Olabisi, Adedire Ayodeji, Taiwo Raymond","doi":"10.2298/jas2103279o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2103279o","url":null,"abstract":"The general acceptability of plants with proven records of medicinal values in the tropics in recent times has necessitated the use of dried avocado pear in the broiler diet and its possible effects on haematological variables and biochemical indices. The study focused on haematological and biochemical responses of broilers to varying levels of the inclusion of dried avocado pear seeds. The inclusion levels were 0% of the dried avocado pear seed meal as a control, 2.5%, 3.5%, 4.5% and 5.5%. The experiment lasted for eight weeks: four weeks for the starter phase (for the acclimatization of the birds and the maturation of their GIT) and four weeks for the test trials (the finisher phase). The result showed significant differences (P<0.05) in the haematological parameters, which implied that the inclusion of the dried avocado pear seeds in broilers? diets had a positive influence on platelets, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and heterophils. The presence of lymphocytes indicated the adequate production of antibodies, which could prevent opportunistic infections, as was observed during the experimental trials with birds without the test ingredients. The dried avocado pear seed had a positive influence on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It could be concluded from this study that avocado pear seed has significant effects on improving the haematological and serum characteristics of broiler birds, with the highest values recorded in T4 (4.5%) and T5 (5.5%), respectively.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78836694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple food for millions of people across the globe, and it supplies more than 30% of total dietary calories. However, the normal endosperm lacks a sufficient quantity of the nutritive precursor of vitamin A. To achieve food security and avert malnutrition, there is a need to adopt the cultivation of the early multiple stress-tolerant pro-vitamin A maize hybrid. The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and yield of the newly developed maize hybrids. Fifteen improved maize hybrids and one commercial hybrid used as a local check were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for two years at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids exhibited significant variation (P < 0.01) for grain yield, number of days to anthesis and silking, ear height and husk cover. Across the years, the grain yield of hybrids ranged between 4,780.8 kg ha?1 (PVAEH-19) and 7,886.9 kg ha?1 (PVAQEH-1), with a mean of 6,354.2 kg ha?1. PVAEH-15 ranks the best on the basis of superiority in grain yield, early flowering and tight husk cover. Fourteen hybrids out-yielded the local check (4,947.2 kg ha-1), and five hybrids had a significant (P < 0.05) yield advantage of > 26% over the local check. The consistent performance of PVAEH-15 and PVAEH-16 in the two years of evaluation indicates potential for the adaptability of the hybrids to the agro-ecology. Farmers? adoption of these maize hybrids will boost maize production and prevent malnutrition in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria.
玉米(Zea mays L.)是全球数百万人的主食，它提供了超过30%的总膳食热量。然而，正常胚乳缺乏足够的维生素a营养前体，为了实现粮食安全，避免营养不良，有必要采用早期多重耐胁迫前维生素a玉米杂交品种的培养。本研究的目的是评价新开发的玉米杂交种的农艺性能和产量。在尼日利亚Ogbomoso的Ladoke Akintola技术教学与研究大学的农场，采用随机完全区组设计，对15个改良玉米杂交种和1个商业杂交种进行了为期两年的评估。杂交种在籽粒产量、花期和出丝天数、穗高和壳盖上均表现出极显著差异(P < 0.01)。多年来，杂交种的粮食产量在4780.8公斤/公顷之间。1 (PVAEH-19)和7,886.9 kg ha?1 (PVAQEH-1)，平均6354.2 kg ha?1。PVAEH-15在籽粒产量、开花早、壳盖紧等方面具有优势。14个杂交种产出率高于本地检验(4,947.2 kg ha-1)， 5个杂交种产出率高于本地检验(P < 0.05) 26%以上。PVAEH-15和PVAEH-16在两年的评价中表现一致，表明杂交品种对农业生态的适应性具有潜力。农民?采用这些玉米杂交品种将提高玉米产量，防止尼日利亚热带稀树草原农业生态的营养不良。
{"title":"The performance of new early maturing pro-vitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria","authors":"A. Kolawole, I. Raji, S. Oyekale","doi":"10.2298/jas2103231k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2103231k","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple food for millions of people across the globe, and it supplies more than 30% of total dietary calories. However, the normal endosperm lacks a sufficient quantity of the nutritive precursor of vitamin A. To achieve food security and avert malnutrition, there is a need to adopt the cultivation of the early multiple stress-tolerant pro-vitamin A maize hybrid. The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and yield of the newly developed maize hybrids. Fifteen improved maize hybrids and one commercial hybrid used as a local check were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for two years at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids exhibited significant variation (P < 0.01) for grain yield, number of days to anthesis and silking, ear height and husk cover. Across the years, the grain yield of hybrids ranged between 4,780.8 kg ha?1 (PVAEH-19) and 7,886.9 kg ha?1 (PVAQEH-1), with a mean of 6,354.2 kg ha?1. PVAEH-15 ranks the best on the basis of superiority in grain yield, early flowering and tight husk cover. Fourteen hybrids out-yielded the local check (4,947.2 kg ha-1), and five hybrids had a significant (P < 0.05) yield advantage of > 26% over the local check. The consistent performance of PVAEH-15 and PVAEH-16 in the two years of evaluation indicates potential for the adaptability of the hybrids to the agro-ecology. Farmers? adoption of these maize hybrids will boost maize production and prevent malnutrition in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87954430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Mamlic, Z. Nikolić, Goran Mamlić, G. Tamindžić, S. Vasiljević, S. Katanski, A. Uhlarik
The aim of this paper was to examine the influence of the electrostatic field on seeds of soybean (Glycine max L), vetch (Vicia spp. L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) which were selected at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The DC voltage of 9V was used. The durations of seed treatment were 0 (control), 1, 2 and 3 minutes. The trial was set up as a randomized block design with four replications. 4x100 seeds of each variant and control (untreated seed) were treated. After treatment, seed quality was examined using a germination test (optimal temperature) and a cold test (low temperature). The results of the study showed that the effect of the electrostatic field on seed quality depended on the plant species, the time of seed treatment and the temperature conditions in which the seed germinated after treatment. The increase in germination energy ranged up to 18.18% in vetch, and a decrease of up to 12% was observed in chickpea. The application of the electrostatic field had a significantly greater impact on seeds that were exposed to low temperatures in the germination process after treatment. The increase in seed germination ranged up to 82.35% in chickpeas, and the decrease amounted to 92.68% in peas. In addition, the obtained results indicate that it is not possible to talk about the universal application of a certain duration of seed treatment.
{"title":"The influence of electric voltage on the germination of leguminous seeds","authors":"Z. Mamlic, Z. Nikolić, Goran Mamlić, G. Tamindžić, S. Vasiljević, S. Katanski, A. Uhlarik","doi":"10.2298/jas2104309m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2104309m","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to examine the influence of the electrostatic field on seeds of soybean (Glycine max L), vetch (Vicia spp. L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) which were selected at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. The DC voltage of 9V was used. The durations of seed treatment were 0 (control), 1, 2 and 3 minutes. The trial was set up as a randomized block design with four replications. 4x100 seeds of each variant and control (untreated seed) were treated. After treatment, seed quality was examined using a germination test (optimal temperature) and a cold test (low temperature). The results of the study showed that the effect of the electrostatic field on seed quality depended on the plant species, the time of seed treatment and the temperature conditions in which the seed germinated after treatment. The increase in germination energy ranged up to 18.18% in vetch, and a decrease of up to 12% was observed in chickpea. The application of the electrostatic field had a significantly greater impact on seeds that were exposed to low temperatures in the germination process after treatment. The increase in seed germination ranged up to 82.35% in chickpeas, and the decrease amounted to 92.68% in peas. In addition, the obtained results indicate that it is not possible to talk about the universal application of a certain duration of seed treatment.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80372506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Oluwatoba, A. A. Samuel, K. Mathias, O. A. Ibidapo
Semen extenders are liquid diluents that buffer sperm cells and preserve their fertilizing potentials. The commercial carbonated drink (CD) as an extender was evaluated on semen characteristics, fertility and hatchability in Yoruba ecotype chickens (YECs). The fructose of the CD was 1.52?0.05 mg/ml. Under the conditions of 370Celsius, 5% and 10% of CD were added to the egg yolk citrate solution to make 100%. Semen was obtained from ten matured Yoruba ecotype chicken cocks with an average weight of 1.8?0.2 kg. The semen was pooled in a test tube and added to the extenders for preservation at 0, 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, in a factorial design layout. Percentage motility of sperm cells was significantly (p<0.05) higher in 5% CD inclusion compared with 10% CD inclusion and control. Motility decreased with an increase in preservation time across the treatments. The percentage of dead sperm cells decreased (p<0.05) in 5% CD inclusion when compared with 10% CD inclusion and control. The sluggish sperm percentage increased significantly (p<0.05) with semen preservation time. Fertility and hatchability of eggs were significantly (p<0.05) higher in 5% CD inclusion. It was concluded that carbonated drinks at 5% inclusion in an extender could preserve cock sperm cells for 60 minutes with improved fertility and hatchability of eggs.
{"title":"Effects of the carbonated drink as an extender on semen characteristics, fertility and hatchability in Nigerian indigenous chicken","authors":"A. A. Oluwatoba, A. A. Samuel, K. Mathias, O. A. Ibidapo","doi":"10.2298/jas2102155o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2102155o","url":null,"abstract":"Semen extenders are liquid diluents that buffer sperm cells and preserve their fertilizing potentials. The commercial carbonated drink (CD) as an extender was evaluated on semen characteristics, fertility and hatchability in Yoruba ecotype chickens (YECs). The fructose of the CD was 1.52?0.05 mg/ml. Under the conditions of 370Celsius, 5% and 10% of CD were added to the egg yolk citrate solution to make 100%. Semen was obtained from ten matured Yoruba ecotype chicken cocks with an average weight of 1.8?0.2 kg. The semen was pooled in a test tube and added to the extenders for preservation at 0, 30 and 60 minutes, respectively, in a factorial design layout. Percentage motility of sperm cells was significantly (p<0.05) higher in 5% CD inclusion compared with 10% CD inclusion and control. Motility decreased with an increase in preservation time across the treatments. The percentage of dead sperm cells decreased (p<0.05) in 5% CD inclusion when compared with 10% CD inclusion and control. The sluggish sperm percentage increased significantly (p<0.05) with semen preservation time. Fertility and hatchability of eggs were significantly (p<0.05) higher in 5% CD inclusion. It was concluded that carbonated drinks at 5% inclusion in an extender could preserve cock sperm cells for 60 minutes with improved fertility and hatchability of eggs.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86825322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Rahović, Z. Keserović, S. Stanković, I. Bakić, M. Maslovarić, V. Kovačević, S. Colic
The apricot is considered as one of the most delicious temperate fruit, a highly appreciated stone fruit and a valuable raw material for processing. The Republic of Serbia is one of the leading apricot producers in Southeast Europe, but the assortment is limited by a small number of cultivars harvested, mostly in the ripening season of ?Magyar kajszi?. In order to introduce the most suitable cultivars in the production, having high yield and high quality for consumption and various forms of processing, introduced and domestic cultivars have been intensively studied. In Serbia, apricots are mostly marketed fresh and processed for jams and spirits, but demand for high-quality dried fruits is increasing. To preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of fresh apricots, choosing the best drying technique is significant, and the most preferred technique is the reduction of moisture through convective drying. The aim of the paper was to compare the potential of the apricot cultivars ?Magyar kajszi?, ?Novosadska rodna?, ?NS-4? and ?NS-6? for dried fruit production by two-phase technology - combined osmotic and convective drying, as well as the profitability of apricot drying on small family farms. Cultivars ?NS-4? and ?Novosadska rodna? were found to be suitable for combined drying technology. The highest score in the sensory evaluation of the dried apricots was given to ?NS-4?, and then to ?Novosadska rodna?. The results indicate that the combined osmotic and convective drying of apricot rather than selling fresh fruits can be a profitable and important added value tool for small family farms.
{"title":"The suitability of apricot for dried fruit production by the combined technology","authors":"D. Rahović, Z. Keserović, S. Stanković, I. Bakić, M. Maslovarić, V. Kovačević, S. Colic","doi":"10.2298/jas2103267r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2103267r","url":null,"abstract":"The apricot is considered as one of the most delicious temperate fruit, a highly appreciated stone fruit and a valuable raw material for processing. The Republic of Serbia is one of the leading apricot producers in Southeast Europe, but the assortment is limited by a small number of cultivars harvested, mostly in the ripening season of ?Magyar kajszi?. In order to introduce the most suitable cultivars in the production, having high yield and high quality for consumption and various forms of processing, introduced and domestic cultivars have been intensively studied. In Serbia, apricots are mostly marketed fresh and processed for jams and spirits, but demand for high-quality dried fruits is increasing. To preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of fresh apricots, choosing the best drying technique is significant, and the most preferred technique is the reduction of moisture through convective drying. The aim of the paper was to compare the potential of the apricot cultivars ?Magyar kajszi?, ?Novosadska rodna?, ?NS-4? and ?NS-6? for dried fruit production by two-phase technology - combined osmotic and convective drying, as well as the profitability of apricot drying on small family farms. Cultivars ?NS-4? and ?Novosadska rodna? were found to be suitable for combined drying technology. The highest score in the sensory evaluation of the dried apricots was given to ?NS-4?, and then to ?Novosadska rodna?. The results indicate that the combined osmotic and convective drying of apricot rather than selling fresh fruits can be a profitable and important added value tool for small family farms.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89794600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. F. Gebregwergis, Mehari Gebremicheal, H. Gebremedhin, A. Asefa
A field experiment was conducted in Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia, during the summer season to determine the effects of flower removal and earthing up time on the tuber yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The experiment comprised three flower removal stages and five earthing up time treatments, which were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) of a 5x3 factorial arrangement with three replications. Data collected on tuber yield and quality parameters were analyzed using SAS version 9.2. The interaction of flower removal stages and earthing up time treatments affected marketable and unmarketable tuber number and yield, total tuber number and yield, large-sized tuber weight, and number of large-sized tubers. The medium and small-sized tubers were also affected by main treatments but not by their interaction treatments. Similarly, dry matter content was significantly (p<0.05) affected by flower removal alone, but not by earthing up time and its interaction with flower removal. Generally, the highest marketable tuber yield (30.25 t ha-1), large-sized tuber weight (424.9 g), the number of large-sized tubers (5), and total tuber yield (30.96 t ha-1) were recorded in the treatment of potato flower removed at the bud stage and earthed up at 15 days after complete emergence. Therefore, the removal of potato flowers at the bud stage and earthing up at 15 days after complete emergence and common cultivation can be practiced for better tuber yield and quality of potato.
夏季在埃塞俄比亚提格雷东部进行了田间试验，以确定除花和培土时间对马铃薯块茎产量和品质的影响。试验采用5 × 3阶乘随机完全区组设计(RCBD)， 3个重复，包括3个除花阶段和5个培土时间处理。利用SAS version 9.2对所收集的块茎产量和品质参数进行分析。摘花期和起土期处理互作影响可售和滞销块茎数和产量、总块茎数和产量、大块茎重和大块茎数。主要处理对中小块茎也有影响，但互作处理对中小块茎无影响。除花对干物质含量的影响显著(p<0.05)，而对培土时间和除花互作的影响不显著。一般情况下，马铃薯花在芽期拔除、完全出苗后15天培土处理的可售块茎产量最高(30.25 t hm -1)，块茎重最高(424.9 g)，块茎数最高(5个)，块茎总产量最高(30.96 t hm -1)。因此，马铃薯芽期除花，完全出苗后15天起土，普通栽培可提高马铃薯块茎产量和品质。
{"title":"The effects of flower removal and earthing up on tuber yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)","authors":"H. F. Gebregwergis, Mehari Gebremicheal, H. Gebremedhin, A. Asefa","doi":"10.2298/jas2102121f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2102121f","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted in Eastern Tigray, Ethiopia, during the summer season to determine the effects of flower removal and earthing up time on the tuber yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). The experiment comprised three flower removal stages and five earthing up time treatments, which were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) of a 5x3 factorial arrangement with three replications. Data collected on tuber yield and quality parameters were analyzed using SAS version 9.2. The interaction of flower removal stages and earthing up time treatments affected marketable and unmarketable tuber number and yield, total tuber number and yield, large-sized tuber weight, and number of large-sized tubers. The medium and small-sized tubers were also affected by main treatments but not by their interaction treatments. Similarly, dry matter content was significantly (p<0.05) affected by flower removal alone, but not by earthing up time and its interaction with flower removal. Generally, the highest marketable tuber yield (30.25 t ha-1), large-sized tuber weight (424.9 g), the number of large-sized tubers (5), and total tuber yield (30.96 t ha-1) were recorded in the treatment of potato flower removed at the bud stage and earthed up at 15 days after complete emergence. Therefore, the removal of potato flowers at the bud stage and earthing up at 15 days after complete emergence and common cultivation can be practiced for better tuber yield and quality of potato.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77261770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. T. Adeniji, M. Adekoya, P. Jonah, I. Iseghohi, C. Aremu
Scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum [L.]) is an indigenous, underutilized fruit vegetable in Africa. Preference for fruit shape and size is high among growers and consumers. Fruit metric traits are important for yield improvement. Fruit metric descriptors are important contributors to variation, phenotypic and genotypic variation, and heritability. However, the measurement of these traits is cumbersome and subjective. Forty-three accessions were evaluated in 2016 and 2017. At maturity, 5 fruits were randomly harvested from each accession, digitalized and processed using the Tomato Analyzer software. Sixteen fruit metric traits were automatically generated and submitted for analysis of variance and multivariate analysis. The accessions differed over fruit size and shape due to genetic make-up. Fruit metric trait variation among S. aethiopicum groups was less influenced by the environment. The cv. Gilo group has oblong fruits, the cv. Shum group fruits are circular and ovoid; the cv. Kumba group fruits are less circular, lobed and flattened. AE/113 (C3), FUO 1 (C1) and FUO 5 (C2) Gilo groups are promising for fruit size. There were phenotypic plasticity and overlapping for fruit metric traits between the Gilo and Shum groups due to a common genome. The Tomato Analyzer software was able to discriminate accessions based on fruit phenomic traits, and the information could be used to establish commonalities between groups.
{"title":"The fruit metric trait characterization of scarlet eggplant using the high-throughput tomato analyzer software","authors":"O. T. Adeniji, M. Adekoya, P. Jonah, I. Iseghohi, C. Aremu","doi":"10.2298/jas2102139a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/jas2102139a","url":null,"abstract":"Scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum [L.]) is an indigenous, underutilized fruit vegetable in Africa. Preference for fruit shape and size is high among growers and consumers. Fruit metric traits are important for yield improvement. Fruit metric descriptors are important contributors to variation, phenotypic and genotypic variation, and heritability. However, the measurement of these traits is cumbersome and subjective. Forty-three accessions were evaluated in 2016 and 2017. At maturity, 5 fruits were randomly harvested from each accession, digitalized and processed using the Tomato Analyzer software. Sixteen fruit metric traits were automatically generated and submitted for analysis of variance and multivariate analysis. The accessions differed over fruit size and shape due to genetic make-up. Fruit metric trait variation among S. aethiopicum groups was less influenced by the environment. The cv. Gilo group has oblong fruits, the cv. Shum group fruits are circular and ovoid; the cv. Kumba group fruits are less circular, lobed and flattened. AE/113 (C3), FUO 1 (C1) and FUO 5 (C2) Gilo groups are promising for fruit size. There were phenotypic plasticity and overlapping for fruit metric traits between the Gilo and Shum groups due to a common genome. The Tomato Analyzer software was able to discriminate accessions based on fruit phenomic traits, and the information could be used to establish commonalities between groups.","PeriodicalId":14882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75913385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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