Pub Date : 2022-12-18DOI: 10.22358/jafs/153864/2022
M. Amani-Yengejeh, A. Taghizadeh, H. Mohammadzadeh, A. Hosseinkhani, S. Shirmohammadi, S. Abachi, V. Palangi, H. Eseceli, M. Besharati, I. Giannenas
. Over the past few years, air and surface water pollution with nitrogen from agro-industrial waste has become a global environmental concern. Generally, these discards have nutritional value and could be utilised inexpensively for various purposes. The study involved two different phases: 1)
{"title":"Utilisation of slow-release non-protein nitrogen produced\u0000from agro-industrial by-products: feed digestibility\u0000and ruminal parameters","authors":"M. Amani-Yengejeh, A. Taghizadeh, H. Mohammadzadeh, A. Hosseinkhani, S. Shirmohammadi, S. Abachi, V. Palangi, H. Eseceli, M. Besharati, I. Giannenas","doi":"10.22358/jafs/153864/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/153864/2022","url":null,"abstract":". Over the past few years, air and surface water pollution with nitrogen from agro-industrial waste has become a global environmental concern. Generally, these discards have nutritional value and could be utilised inexpensively for various purposes. The study involved two different phases: 1)","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48024826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.22358/jafs/156018/2022
W. Lokapirnasari, M. A. Al Arif, L. Maslachah, A. Kirana, A. Suryandari, A. Yulianto, A. Sherasiya
. Research on the combination of Lactobacillus acidophillus and L. lactis probiotics and Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. to find an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters has never been conducted, thus the present study aimed to evaluate their effect on nutrient intake and feed efficiency in females of Coturnix coturnix japonica . The experiment was conducted for 35 days, including the adaptation period. Supplementation was administered for 7 and 14 days, and the parameters were analysed accordingly. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized factorial design (2 × 3), where the first factor was the period of administration (a0 – one week and a1 – two weeks), and the second factor was feed additive (b0 – without feed additive, b1 – probiotics, b2 – G. ulmifolia Lam. extract). The results showed that there was a significant difference ( P < 0.05) between the treatments in terms of nutrient intake (dry matter, organic matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, nitrogen free extract, metabolisable energy) and feed efficiency ( P < 0.05). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of L. acidophillus and L. lactis probiotics and G. ulmifolia Lam. extract has the potential to improve nutrient intake and feed efficiency in females of C. coturnix japonica , thereby improving safety and health-promoting properties of livestock products for humans and reducing animal production costs.
{"title":"The potency of Lactobacillus acidophillus and L. lactis probiotics\u0000and Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. extract as feed additives\u0000with different application times to improve nutrient intake\u0000and feed efficiency in Coturnix coturnix japonica females","authors":"W. Lokapirnasari, M. A. Al Arif, L. Maslachah, A. Kirana, A. Suryandari, A. Yulianto, A. Sherasiya","doi":"10.22358/jafs/156018/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/156018/2022","url":null,"abstract":". Research on the combination of Lactobacillus acidophillus and L. lactis probiotics and Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. to find an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters has never been conducted, thus the present study aimed to evaluate their effect on nutrient intake and feed efficiency in females of Coturnix coturnix japonica . The experiment was conducted for 35 days, including the adaptation period. Supplementation was administered for 7 and 14 days, and the parameters were analysed accordingly. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized factorial design (2 × 3), where the first factor was the period of administration (a0 – one week and a1 – two weeks), and the second factor was feed additive (b0 – without feed additive, b1 – probiotics, b2 – G. ulmifolia Lam. extract). The results showed that there was a significant difference ( P < 0.05) between the treatments in terms of nutrient intake (dry matter, organic matter, ash, crude protein, ether extract, crude fibre, nitrogen free extract, metabolisable energy) and feed efficiency ( P < 0.05). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of L. acidophillus and L. lactis probiotics and G. ulmifolia Lam. extract has the potential to improve nutrient intake and feed efficiency in females of C. coturnix japonica , thereby improving safety and health-promoting properties of livestock products for humans and reducing animal production costs.","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49339558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-03DOI: 10.22358/jafs/155410/2022
V. Jurkovich, B. Somoskői, L. Kovács, M. Bakony
. The effects of heat stress on the concentration of 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) in plasma and saliva, plasma insulin concentration and some metabolic indices (plasma glucose, free fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea concentrations) were assessed in Holstein-Friesian, Hungarian Simmental and Jersey cows. The study included 30 animals from a farm breeding Holstein-Friesians, 30 from a Jersey farm and 30 from a farm keeping Simmentals (10 dry cows, 10 mid-lactating and 10 lactating cows from each farm, respectively). Sampling was performed under thermoneutral (spring) and heat stress (summer) conditions. Based on plasma HSP70 and insulin concentrations, Holstein cows were determined to be most susceptible to heat stress. No characteristic breed-related changes in metabolic indices were found. The results indicated the importance of heat load-reducing strategies in the Holstein-Friesian breed.
{"title":"The effects of heat stress in Jersey, Hungarian Simmental\u0000and Holstein-Friesian cows","authors":"V. Jurkovich, B. Somoskői, L. Kovács, M. Bakony","doi":"10.22358/jafs/155410/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/155410/2022","url":null,"abstract":". The effects of heat stress on the concentration of 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) in plasma and saliva, plasma insulin concentration and some metabolic indices (plasma glucose, free fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate and urea concentrations) were assessed in Holstein-Friesian, Hungarian Simmental and Jersey cows. The study included 30 animals from a farm breeding Holstein-Friesians, 30 from a Jersey farm and 30 from a farm keeping Simmentals (10 dry cows, 10 mid-lactating and 10 lactating cows from each farm, respectively). Sampling was performed under thermoneutral (spring) and heat stress (summer) conditions. Based on plasma HSP70 and insulin concentrations, Holstein cows were determined to be most susceptible to heat stress. No characteristic breed-related changes in metabolic indices were found. The results indicated the importance of heat load-reducing strategies in the Holstein-Friesian breed.","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48945392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-20DOI: 10.22358/jafs/155126/2022
M. R. Hoque, I. Kim
. This aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Achyranthes japonica Nakai extract (AJE) supplementation to a low-protein diet on growth performance, nutrient
。本试验旨在评价在低蛋白质饲粮中添加牛膝提取物(AJE)对仔猪生长性能和营养成分的影响
{"title":"Effect of Achyranthes japonika Nakai extract on growth\u0000performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, excreta microbial\u0000count and gas emission in broilers fed different protein diets","authors":"M. R. Hoque, I. Kim","doi":"10.22358/jafs/155126/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/155126/2022","url":null,"abstract":". This aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Achyranthes japonica Nakai extract (AJE) supplementation to a low-protein diet on growth performance, nutrient","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44943761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-18DOI: 10.22358/jafs/154977/2022
T. Li, M. Shen, R. Hou, L. Zhang, L. Huang, P. Guo, P. Wu, G. Zhao
. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different proportions of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) and mulberry leaf powder (MLP) on the performance of laying hens. The use of MOLP and MLP as animal feed can meet the nutritional requirements of livestock and improve antioxidant status. Combinations of different feeds could produce a synergistic effect in animals. Two hundred and ten birds were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed a basal diet and the treatment groups received a basal diet supplemented with 2.5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP and 5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP, respectively. The results showed that the supplementation of 5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP significantly decreased the laying rate, albumen height and Haugh unit. Yolk colours were significantly more intense after MOLP and MLP supplementation. Significant decreases in abdominal fat index were observed in the 5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP group. The levels of superoxide dismutase 2 ( SOD2 ) mRNA expression were significantly increased, while those of apolipoprotein B ( APOB ) were significantly reduced, as determined by qRT-PCR analysis. The combined administration of MOLP and MLP could have regulated the antioxidant status and lipid metabolism by affecting SOD2 and APOB gene expression. A supplementation level of 2.5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP was recommended.
{"title":"Effects of phytogenic feed on productive performance,\u0000egg quality, antioxidant activity and lipid metabolism of laying hens","authors":"T. Li, M. Shen, R. Hou, L. Zhang, L. Huang, P. Guo, P. Wu, G. Zhao","doi":"10.22358/jafs/154977/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/154977/2022","url":null,"abstract":". The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different proportions of Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) and mulberry leaf powder (MLP) on the performance of laying hens. The use of MOLP and MLP as animal feed can meet the nutritional requirements of livestock and improve antioxidant status. Combinations of different feeds could produce a synergistic effect in animals. Two hundred and ten birds were randomly divided into three groups. The control group was fed a basal diet and the treatment groups received a basal diet supplemented with 2.5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP and 5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP, respectively. The results showed that the supplementation of 5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP significantly decreased the laying rate, albumen height and Haugh unit. Yolk colours were significantly more intense after MOLP and MLP supplementation. Significant decreases in abdominal fat index were observed in the 5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP group. The levels of superoxide dismutase 2 ( SOD2 ) mRNA expression were significantly increased, while those of apolipoprotein B ( APOB ) were significantly reduced, as determined by qRT-PCR analysis. The combined administration of MOLP and MLP could have regulated the antioxidant status and lipid metabolism by affecting SOD2 and APOB gene expression. A supplementation level of 2.5% MOLP + 2.5% MLP was recommended.","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45316123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.22358/jafs/154037/2022
S. Muhizi, Ildoo Kim
. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spraying microbial agents in pig slurry and housing on harmful gas emissions. A total of 300, eight-week-old crossbreed ([Yorkshire × Duroc] × Landrace) growing pigs, with an average body weight of 28.2 ± 0.55 kg were used in this trial lasting 4 weeks (28 days). Experiment 1: pigs were randomly assigned to two treatments and housed in two separate rooms (150 heads/room). Slurry stored in a slurry pit, produced
{"title":"Microbial agent spraying in pig housing and slurry can potentially\u0000reduce harmful gas emissions – a preliminary study","authors":"S. Muhizi, Ildoo Kim","doi":"10.22358/jafs/154037/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/154037/2022","url":null,"abstract":". This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spraying microbial agents in pig slurry and housing on harmful gas emissions. A total of 300, eight-week-old crossbreed ([Yorkshire × Duroc] × Landrace) growing pigs, with an average body weight of 28.2 ± 0.55 kg were used in this trial lasting 4 weeks (28 days). Experiment 1: pigs were randomly assigned to two treatments and housed in two separate rooms (150 heads/room). Slurry stored in a slurry pit, produced","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41882790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-25DOI: 10.22358/jafs/154070/2022
G. Zhang, Z. Mou, H. Wang, H. Liu
. Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is a teleost species endemic to the Brahmaputra River. This species has two livers, namely the attached liver (AL), and the main liver (ML). However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of these two livers remain uncharacterised. In this study, we used a comparative quantitative proteomics involving data-independent acquisition to elucidate the functions of ML and AL. A total of 63 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. According to the Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, these proteins are involved in cellular processes, metabolic processes, and hydrolase activities. Analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes indicated that the enriched pathways among these DEPs were “pancreatic secretion” and “protein digestion and absorption” (i.e., digestive functions). Moreover, 569 highly expressed proteins in both ML and AL were functionally annotated, revealing their diverse biological activities that may involve adaptive responses to cold and hypoxic conditions at high altitudes.
{"title":"Comprehensive proteomic analysis of the main liver\u0000and attached liver of Glyptosternum maculatum on the basis\u0000of data-independent mass spectrometry acquisition","authors":"G. Zhang, Z. Mou, H. Wang, H. Liu","doi":"10.22358/jafs/154070/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/154070/2022","url":null,"abstract":". Glyptosternum maculatum Regan is a teleost species endemic to the Brahmaputra River. This species has two livers, namely the attached liver (AL), and the main liver (ML). However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of these two livers remain uncharacterised. In this study, we used a comparative quantitative proteomics involving data-independent acquisition to elucidate the functions of ML and AL. A total of 63 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified. According to the Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, these proteins are involved in cellular processes, metabolic processes, and hydrolase activities. Analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes indicated that the enriched pathways among these DEPs were “pancreatic secretion” and “protein digestion and absorption” (i.e., digestive functions). Moreover, 569 highly expressed proteins in both ML and AL were functionally annotated, revealing their diverse biological activities that may involve adaptive responses to cold and hypoxic conditions at high altitudes.","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44036395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-21DOI: 10.22358/jafs/154595/2022
E. Strakova, L. Všetičková, M. Kutlvašr, P. Suchý
. The aim of this study was to assess the productive health of the meat hybrid ROSS 308 parent flock during the laying season at regular two-month intervals by means of selected haematological (haematocrit, haemoglo bin) and biochemical (total protein, glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotrans -ferase, aspartate aminotransferase, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium) parameters. To assess the metabolic profile in a randomly selected set of laying hens (n = 30),
{"title":"Changes in haematological and biochemical blood parameters\u0000of laying hens of the ROSS 308 parent flock\u0000during the hatching period","authors":"E. Strakova, L. Všetičková, M. Kutlvašr, P. Suchý","doi":"10.22358/jafs/154595/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/154595/2022","url":null,"abstract":". The aim of this study was to assess the productive health of the meat hybrid ROSS 308 parent flock during the laying season at regular two-month intervals by means of selected haematological (haematocrit, haemoglo bin) and biochemical (total protein, glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotrans -ferase, aspartate aminotransferase, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium) parameters. To assess the metabolic profile in a randomly selected set of laying hens (n = 30),","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44093574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-07DOI: 10.22358/jafs/153961/2022
B. Król, M. Słupczyńska, M. Wilk, M. Asghar, P. Cwynar
. The article discusses the importance and role of fungal direct-fed microbials (DFM) and anaerobic rumen fungi (ARF) in ruminants and their metabolic pathways of plant fibre decomposition, as well as rumen fermentation processes. ARF classification, enzymatic activity, impact on rumen metabolism, as well as fungal DFM and application of their metabolites in ruminant feeding are presented. The research area concerning ARF in ruminant feeding is gaining interest as the subject is still poorly elucidated. The latest research in the field of ruminant physiology and nutrition has pointed to a significant impact of ARF and fungal DFM on nutrient degradability, fermentation profile in the rumen, and animal performance. Although, the proportion of fungi in the total rumen microorganisms is low (approximately 8% of rumen biomass), they play a crucial role in generating a series of enzymes utilising difficult-to-debase compounds, such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and xylose. Although enzymes secreted by ARF are not able to degrade lignin, they can solubilise lignocellulosic complexes and expand the surface area for enzymatic activity. This leads to a better utilisation of fibrous feeds, increased nutrient digestibility, and enhanced rumen fermentation. A comprehensive description and discussion of these issues in the review provides an in-depth look at the role of ARF and the potential use of ARF as DFM in the ruminant nutrition in a-broad perspective.
{"title":"Anaerobic rumen fungi and fungal direct-fed microbials\u0000in ruminant feeding","authors":"B. Król, M. Słupczyńska, M. Wilk, M. Asghar, P. Cwynar","doi":"10.22358/jafs/153961/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/153961/2022","url":null,"abstract":". The article discusses the importance and role of fungal direct-fed microbials (DFM) and anaerobic rumen fungi (ARF) in ruminants and their metabolic pathways of plant fibre decomposition, as well as rumen fermentation processes. ARF classification, enzymatic activity, impact on rumen metabolism, as well as fungal DFM and application of their metabolites in ruminant feeding are presented. The research area concerning ARF in ruminant feeding is gaining interest as the subject is still poorly elucidated. The latest research in the field of ruminant physiology and nutrition has pointed to a significant impact of ARF and fungal DFM on nutrient degradability, fermentation profile in the rumen, and animal performance. Although, the proportion of fungi in the total rumen microorganisms is low (approximately 8% of rumen biomass), they play a crucial role in generating a series of enzymes utilising difficult-to-debase compounds, such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and xylose. Although enzymes secreted by ARF are not able to degrade lignin, they can solubilise lignocellulosic complexes and expand the surface area for enzymatic activity. This leads to a better utilisation of fibrous feeds, increased nutrient digestibility, and enhanced rumen fermentation. A comprehensive description and discussion of these issues in the review provides an in-depth look at the role of ARF and the potential use of ARF as DFM in the ruminant nutrition in a-broad perspective.","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42161996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.22358/jafs/152643/2022
M. Alatas, H. Arık, N. Gulsen, O. Kahraman
. The study evaluated the effect of Entodinium caudatum on the prevention of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in vitro . Different proportions of wheat and corn [100% wheat (W); 75% wheat and 25% corn (W75); 50% wheat and 50% corn (WC); 75% corn and 25% wheat (C75); and 100% corn (C)] were used to create an in vitro acidotic environment. The activity of E. caudatum was determined by adding defaunated rumen fluid and protozoan monocultures to the substrates. The effect of E. caudatum monoculture on pH was insignificant, while a significant influence of grain type was observed on ammonia (NH 3 -N) formation. E. caudatum inoculation decreased lactic acid concentration throughout the incubation period and shortened the fermentation start time (lag time). The specific fermentation rate (SFR), which increased with the wheat ratio, was reduced by E. caudatum culture . The total gas production varied depending on the substrate and was increased by E. caudatum . Protozoan monoculture decreased propionic acid levels, while it increased methane production. As a result, E. caudatum stimulated earlier fermentation, but decreased lactic acid production by reducing SFR. It is believed that the instantenuous phagocytosis of E. caudatum (iodophilic storage) to digest starch particles prevents rapid bacterial fermentation in the rumen fluid, and thus limit lactic acid production. The results of this work may support future in vitro studies requiring E. caudatum monoculture, as well as in vivo studies investigating the effect of E. caudatum on the inhibition of SARA formation.
{"title":"Effects of Entodinium caudatum monocultures in an acidotic\u0000environment on in vitro rumen fermentation","authors":"M. Alatas, H. Arık, N. Gulsen, O. Kahraman","doi":"10.22358/jafs/152643/2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22358/jafs/152643/2022","url":null,"abstract":". The study evaluated the effect of Entodinium caudatum on the prevention of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in vitro . Different proportions of wheat and corn [100% wheat (W); 75% wheat and 25% corn (W75); 50% wheat and 50% corn (WC); 75% corn and 25% wheat (C75); and 100% corn (C)] were used to create an in vitro acidotic environment. The activity of E. caudatum was determined by adding defaunated rumen fluid and protozoan monocultures to the substrates. The effect of E. caudatum monoculture on pH was insignificant, while a significant influence of grain type was observed on ammonia (NH 3 -N) formation. E. caudatum inoculation decreased lactic acid concentration throughout the incubation period and shortened the fermentation start time (lag time). The specific fermentation rate (SFR), which increased with the wheat ratio, was reduced by E. caudatum culture . The total gas production varied depending on the substrate and was increased by E. caudatum . Protozoan monoculture decreased propionic acid levels, while it increased methane production. As a result, E. caudatum stimulated earlier fermentation, but decreased lactic acid production by reducing SFR. It is believed that the instantenuous phagocytosis of E. caudatum (iodophilic storage) to digest starch particles prevents rapid bacterial fermentation in the rumen fluid, and thus limit lactic acid production. The results of this work may support future in vitro studies requiring E. caudatum monoculture, as well as in vivo studies investigating the effect of E. caudatum on the inhibition of SARA formation.","PeriodicalId":14919,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44173189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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