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Production of Biodegradable Straw from Banana Peel 以香蕉皮为原料生产可生物降解秸秆
Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v9i1.77148
I. Putu, Karang Adisurya, M. Affan, Fajar Falah
This study aims to determine the effect of enhancement in stirring temperature (75oC, 80oC, 85oC) and type of plasticizer (glycerol and sorbitol) on the characteristics of biodegradable straw from ambon banana peel waste and to compare them with the characteristics of conventional boba’s straws. Methods used in this study were tensile strength, elongation, biodegradation, and water uptake tests. The result showed enhancement of stirring temperature and type of plasticizer did not significantly affect the characteristics of biodegradable straws from ambon banana peel waste (p > 0.05). Enhancement of stirring temperature will increase the tensile strength and water resistance value, but decreased elongation and biodegradation value because enhancement of stirring temperature will decrease the water content and increase the molecular density. In addition, plasticizer will increase elongation value and level of biodegradation, but decrease tensile strength and water resistance values. Plasticizer has the ability to increase the elasticity of polymers, as well as increase water absorption because it has hydrophilic hydroxyl groups. Biodegradable straw that have been developed has a colour of black, being rigid, with a length of 13 cm and an external diameter of 1.2 cm. The colour and external diameter of biodegradable boba’s straw looks similar with conventional boba’s straw but shorter in length. Therefore, ambon banana peel waste was promising to be used as an alternative material for biodegradable straw in the future.
本研究旨在确定提高搅拌温度(75℃、80℃、85℃)和增塑剂类型(甘油和山梨醇)对活性炭香蕉皮废弃物生物降解秸秆特性的影响,并与常规香蕉皮秸秆特性进行比较。本研究使用的方法是抗拉强度、伸长率、生物降解和吸水试验。结果表明,提高搅拌温度和增塑剂种类对香蕉皮废弃物生物降解秸秆的性能影响不显著(p > 0.05)。提高搅拌温度会提高拉伸强度和水阻值,但会降低延伸率和生物降解值,因为搅拌温度的提高会降低含水量,增加分子密度。此外,增塑剂会提高延伸值和生物降解水平,但会降低拉伸强度和耐水性值。增塑剂有能力增加聚合物的弹性,以及增加吸水性,因为它有亲水性羟基。生物可降解的稻草颜色为黑色,坚硬,长度为13厘米,外径为1.2厘米。可生物降解的波巴吸管的颜色和外径与传统的波巴吸管相似,但长度更短。因此,安木香蕉皮废弃物在未来有望作为可生物降解秸秆的替代材料。
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引用次数: 0
Frozen Tilapia Fillets Business Process Analysis Using Integration Definition for Function Modelling 用集成定义进行功能建模的冷冻罗非鱼片业务流程分析
Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v9i1.84127
S. P. Pradita, Nindya Laksita Laras
Aquaculture products in Indonesia have great potential in line with population growth. The demand for frozen tilapia fillets is increasing both in Indonesia and globally. Our objectives are to identify the current business process activities of a frozen tilapia fillet product, analyse problems and provide improvement strategies. In-depth interviews and observations were conducted with stakeholders. The business processes were analyzed using an Integration Definition for Function Modelling (IDEF0) to identify the activities and problems at the organizational level, the production plant level and the production department level. The results at the production plant level showed that there was a lack of strategic forecasting and inventory management in the planning activity. In the sourcing activity, the limited number of suppliers and inconsistent fish quality were the main problems. The lack of implementation of a good material handling and production system was a concern in the making activity. The problem in the delivering activity was the lack of product tracking which results in product returns due to defects. The researchers' recommendations, based on several literature reviews, are expected to improve the supply chain of frozen tilapia fillets in Yogyakarta and Central Java to increase its competitive advantage.
随着人口的增长,印尼的水产养殖产品具有巨大的潜力。在印度尼西亚和全球,对冷冻罗非鱼鱼片的需求都在增加。我们的目标是确定冷冻罗非鱼鱼片产品的当前业务流程活动,分析问题并提供改进策略。与利益相关者进行了深入访谈和观察。使用功能建模集成定义(IDEF0)对业务流程进行分析,以确定组织级、生产工厂级和生产部门级的活动和问题。在生产工厂一级的结果表明,在规划活动中缺乏战略预测和库存管理。在采购活动中,供应商数量有限和鱼品质量不一致是主要问题。缺乏执行良好的材料处理和生产系统是制造活动中的一个问题。交付活动中的问题是缺乏产品跟踪,导致产品因缺陷而退货。这组科学家的建议基于几篇文献综述,预计将改善日惹和中爪哇地区冷冻罗非鱼鱼片的供应链,以增加其竞争优势。
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引用次数: 0
Fried Chicken Consumer’s Preference and Purchase Decision Analysis During Covid 19 Pandemic Era 新冠疫情时期炸鸡消费者偏好与购买决策分析
Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v9i1.80860
Febrianisa Yulia Sandita, Ibnu Aziz, M. Ushada
This study aims to observe the decision-making process on fried chicken purchases, and identify the most considered attribute, and combination of attributes based on consumer preference in the Covid-19 pandemic era. The pandemic has altered consumer behavior and consumption patterns, leading to changes in the food industry. Understanding how consumer preferences have shifted can help businesses adapt their strategies to better serve their customers. The data were collected using the questionnaire method through the Google Form platform with respondent criteria being fried chicken consumers who had purchased fried chicken at least twice in the last six months with the number of respondents being 135. The questionnaire consisted of two parts, the first part is about the consumer's purchase decision-making process and the second one is about the consumer's preference for fried chicken. Price, serving, purchase state, and packaging are the attributes chosen to identify consumer preferences using the conjoint analysis method. This study shows consumer habits in the decision-making process of buying fried chicken and consumers’ preferences toward the price, serving, purchase state, and packaging of fried chicken. Product attributes were the most considered based on importance level Price (40.73%), Purchase state (33.57%), Serving (16.99%), and Packaging (8.70%). The combination of fried chicken product attributes that are preferred by consumers according to the utility value of each level attribute is less than 15.000 IDR of price, served with rice/fried chicken and vegetables, purchased in ready-to-eat (takeaway/delivery) form and using paper box packaging.
本研究旨在观察新冠肺炎疫情下消费者购买炸鸡的决策过程,并根据消费者偏好找出最考虑的属性,以及属性组合。大流行改变了消费者行为和消费模式,导致食品工业发生变化。了解消费者偏好的变化可以帮助企业调整策略,更好地为客户服务。数据是透过Google Form平台以问卷调查的方式收集,回应标准为在过去六个月内最少购买两次炸鸡的消费者,回应人数为135人。问卷由两部分组成,第一部分是关于消费者的购买决策过程,第二部分是关于消费者对炸鸡的偏好。使用联合分析方法,选择价格、服务、购买状态和包装等属性来识别消费者偏好。本研究显示消费者在购买炸鸡的决策过程中的习惯,以及消费者对炸鸡的价格、服务、购买状态和包装的偏好。产品属性在重要性层面上被考虑最多的是价格(40.73%)、购买状态(33.57%)、服务(16.99%)和包装(8.70%)。根据各等级属性的效用值,消费者偏好的炸鸡产品属性组合价格小于1.5万印尼盾,配米饭/炸鸡和蔬菜,以即食(外卖/外卖)形式购买,使用纸盒包装。
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引用次数: 0
Potential Risk of Work Accident in The Production Process of Gudeg Chicken using The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Method 用失效模式与影响分析(FMEA)方法分析古德鸡生产过程中生产事故的潜在风险
Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v9i1.84164
Tasyarafa Shelia Khairani, Rosa Amalia
Every agricultural industry has a potential risk of work accidents, one of which is at the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) level in Yogyakarta. Gudeg producers as one of the MSMEs in the traditional culinary also have various types of work accident risks in their production process, including in the process of producing Gudeg Chicken. Overall, the process of producing Gudeg Chicken includes sorting, washing, cooking, and distribution. The results of the initial observations indicated that workers in sorting division had the complaints of back pain and several work accidents have occurred in the production division of Gudeg Chicken. Hence, it is deemed necessary to analyze the risk of work accidents occurred. The analysis of work accident risks was done using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method by considering severity, occurrence, and detection values to obtain a Risk Priority Number (RPN). The results were then analyzed using a Pareto diagram to determine the work accident with the highest risk. Recommendations for improvement were given using the Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC). The results showed that the highest risk of work accidents was related to the position of sitting that is not ergonomic in the process of sorting Gudeg Chicken. The elimination of these risks does not need to be carried out, but it needs to do substitution of production areas, engineering controls with modifications towards the tables or chairs of employees, administrative controls, and the use of Personal Protective Equipment.
每个农业行业都有发生工作事故的潜在风险,日惹的微型、小型和中型企业(MSMEs)就是其中之一。Gudeg生产者作为传统烹饪领域的中小微企业之一,在其生产过程中也存在各种类型的工作事故风险,包括在Gudeg鸡的生产过程中。总的来说,鸡的生产过程包括分类、清洗、烹饪和分发。初步观察结果表明,分拣部的工人有腰痛的主诉,古得鸡生产部也发生了多起工作事故。因此,有必要对发生工作事故的风险进行分析。采用失效模式与影响分析(FMEA)方法,综合考虑事故的严重程度、发生次数和检测值,对事故风险进行分析,得到风险优先级数(RPN)。然后使用帕累托图对结果进行分析,以确定风险最高的工作事故。利用危害识别、风险评估和风险控制(HIRARC)提出了改进建议。结果表明,在分类古德鸡的过程中,不符合人体工程学的坐姿与工作事故风险最高有关。不需要消除这些风险,但需要对生产区域进行替换,对员工的桌椅进行修改的工程控制,行政控制和个人防护装备的使用。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of Consumers’ Preferences for Melon Using the Conjoint Method 消费者对甜瓜偏好的联合分析
Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v9i1.80861
Tiara Tannesha Hartono, N. Khuriyati, Ibnu Aziz
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a fruit widely known by the people of Indonesia, including Yogyakarta Province, which has several variants such as C. melo var reticulatus, C. melo var. inodorus, and C. melo var. catalupensis. These variants have different characteristics that can be distinguished by color, aroma, peel texture, as well as their respective markets. To find out consumers’ preferences for melon, the conjoint analysis method is used. The results showed that consumers in traditional retail preferred melons with small size, orange flesh, strong aroma, very sweet taste, slightly meshy peel texture, and crunchy flesh texture. Meanwhile, in modern retail, they prefer variants with a large size, green flesh, strong aroma, very sweet taste, non-meshy peel texture, and crunchy flesh texture. Sky Rocket, Glamor, Golden Langkawi, and Mai 119 variants are suitable for traditional and modern retail. There are also other suitable variants for traditional retail, namely Cantaloupe and Roc Melon, while Honey Globe and Action 434 are suitable for modern retail.
甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)是一种为印度尼西亚人所熟知的水果,包括日惹省,它有几个变种,如C. melo var reticulatus, C. melo var. inodorus和C. melo var. catalupensis。这些变种具有不同的特征,可以通过颜色,香气,果皮质地以及各自的市场来区分。为了了解消费者对甜瓜的偏好,采用了联合分析法。结果表明,传统零售中消费者偏爱体积小、果肉橙黄色、香气浓、口感极甜、果皮微网状、果肉松脆的甜瓜。同时,在现代零售中,他们更喜欢尺寸大,果肉绿色,香气浓郁,口感很甜,果皮不网状,果肉酥脆的变种。Sky Rocket, Glamor, Golden Langkawi和Mai 119变种适合传统和现代零售。还有其他适合传统零售的变体,即哈密瓜和Roc Melon,而Honey Globe和Action 434则适合现代零售。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Biodegradable Straw using Combination of Unused Rice and Rice Bran 利用废米与米糠复合开发生物降解秸秆
Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v8i2.76725
H.V. Putri, M. Fallah
Plastics waste has been recently recognized as one of the most critical environmental issues. The most plastic is not recycleable and it takes 300-500 years to degraded perfectly. Plastics straw also contribute these negative impacts, so develop the biodegradable straw can be one of the solution. Natural ingredients that contain carbohydrates can be used as biodegradable straw materials are unused rice and rice bran, with glycerin from used cooking oil. This study aims to find out the effects of composition of unused rice flour and rice bran flour respectively on parameters. The parameters are the tensile strength, elongation, water uptake, and the biodegradation, then compare to the control. Statistical test were used to check, analysis, and compare between the data. The results show that combination variations in raw material flour had a significantly effect (p<0.05) on tensile strength, elongation, and biodegradation, but had not significantly effect (p≥0.05) on water uptake. Results obtained from the study of biodegradable straws for tensile strength ranges from 0.21-6.19 MPa, elongation range from 0.43-1.71%, water uptake 100%, and degraded 100%. Sample with a combination of 3 g unused rice flour : 0.5 g rice bran flour, has the highest tensile strength and elongation value and degraded within 4 days. However, the sample can not be used as an alternative to plastic straw because it does not have similar characteristics.
塑料垃圾最近被认为是最严重的环境问题之一。大多数塑料是不可回收的,需要300-500年才能完全降解。塑料吸管也造成了这些负面影响,因此开发可生物降解的吸管可以是解决方案之一。含有碳水化合物的天然成分可以用作可生物降解的秸秆材料,如未使用的大米和米糠,以及用过的食用油中的甘油。本研究旨在找出未使用的米粉和米糠粉的组成分别对参数的影响。参数是拉伸强度、伸长率、吸水率和生物降解率,然后与对照进行比较。采用统计学检验对数据进行检验、分析和比较。结果表明:不同原料面粉组合对玉米的抗拉强度、伸长率和生物降解有显著影响(p<0.05),对水分吸收无显著影响(p≥0.05);研究结果表明,生物降解秸秆的抗拉强度范围为0.21-6.19 MPa,伸长率范围为0.43-1.71%,吸水率100%,降解率100%。样品用3g未使用米粉:0.5 g米糠粉组合,抗拉强度和延伸值最高,4天内降解。然而,样品不能作为塑料吸管的替代品,因为它不具有相似的特性。
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引用次数: 1
Nutritional Content in Snack Food: Consumer Perceptions and Behaviors 休闲食品的营养成分:消费者的认知和行为
Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v8i2.76731
Rosa Amalia, D. Ismoyowati, G. T. Mulyati
People's lifestyles encouraged them to devour the main dish in a short amount of time. It demonstrated the value of snack foods as a source of supplementary energy. To present an example of marketing agro-industry in some healthy snack foods for college student, it was necessary to understand consumer behaviors regarding sugar intake in snacking. The marketers need to understand the customer perceptions and behaviors towards nutritional content in snack foods to create healthy snack food. The aims of this study were: 1) to analyze the consumer perceptions and behaviors of nutritional content in snack food products; 2) to identify dominant factors which affect the consumption of snack food products. The study was conducted on 200 respondents of college students. Snack foods were commonly consumed by college students, who were classified as adolescents, in between substantial meals. Descriptive statistics and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were performed. Consumer impressions on a preliminary assessment of the nutrition label, which includes sugar components, were determined using descriptive statistics. Furthermore, PCA was performed to identify the main consumer characteristics that affect snacking, allowing the impact of sugar content on snack food consumption. The results indicated that the consumers were concerned enough about eating nutritious meals. Consumers, on the other hand, rarely read nutrition labels. The "benefit" and "wants" factors were the most important elements affecting consumer snack food intake. The nutritious composition of snack foods, on the other hand, did not affect snack food consumption. The consumers were unconcerned about the sugar content in snack food.
人们的生活方式鼓励他们在短时间内吃掉主菜。它证明了零食作为补充能量来源的价值。以农产工业为例,对一些大学生健康休闲食品进行营销,有必要了解消费者在零食中摄入糖的行为。营销人员需要了解消费者对休闲食品营养成分的认知和行为,以创造健康的休闲食品。本研究的目的是:1)分析消费者对休闲食品营养成分的认知和行为;2)找出影响休闲食品消费的主导因素。该研究对200名大学生进行了调查。被归类为青少年的大学生通常会在正餐之间吃零食。进行描述性统计和主成分分析(PCA)。消费者对营养标签初步评估的印象,其中包括糖成分,是用描述性统计确定的。此外,采用主成分分析法确定了影响零食消费的主要消费者特征,从而揭示了糖含量对零食消费的影响。结果表明,消费者对营养膳食有足够的关注。另一方面,消费者很少阅读营养标签。“有益”和“想要”因素是影响消费者零食摄入量的最重要因素。另一方面,零食的营养成分并不影响零食的摄入量。消费者并不关心零食中的含糖量。
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引用次数: 0
Determining Marketing Channel Preference: A Case Study of Chocolate Drink’s Consumer Preferences 营销渠道偏好的确定:以巧克力饮料消费者偏好为例
Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v8i2.76722
M. Wahyudin, Firda Safira Yulianti, W. Wagiman
Nowadays, e-commerce has become increasingly common among businesses. However, there is still a lack of determining marketing channel preferences between offline and online. Therefore, the company needs to consider the various factors that consumers consider when choosing a particular marketing channel. This study aims to find the marketing channels that consumers consider the most in buying instant chocolate drinks. The research was conducted in Indonesia and used the Analytic Hierarchy Process method to assess and determine the order of priority. The most preferred marketing channel by consumers to get instant chocolate drinks is the modern store. Then followed by the e-marketplace channel and social media channel.
如今,电子商务在企业中变得越来越普遍。然而,在线下和线上之间仍然缺乏确定营销渠道的偏好。因此,企业需要考虑消费者在选择特定营销渠道时所考虑的各种因素。本研究旨在寻找消费者在购买速溶巧克力饮料时考虑最多的营销渠道。该研究是在印度尼西亚进行的,并使用层次分析法来评估和确定优先顺序。消费者获得速溶巧克力饮料的首选营销渠道是现代商店。其次是电子市场渠道和社交媒体渠道。
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引用次数: 0
The Implementation of Activity-Based Costing on Black Rice Supply Chain in Sleman District, Yogyakarta 日惹Sleman区黑米供应链作业成本法的实施
Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v8i2.76732
Anggriani Dwi Putriasih, D. Ismoyowati, E. Suwondo
As the primary rice consumers, Indonesians, especially people in Yogyakarta, particular consumers progressively changed their carbohydrate intake from white rice to black rice because of human health benefits. Consequently, from 2015 to 2018, Yogyakarta black rice farm extended its arable land, production, and productivity to fulfill the demand. The research aims to help the actor of business to supervise the activities, wasting higher costs and reducing the profit by analyzing the logistics cost structure along the black rice supply chain with Activity-Based Costing (ABC). The results found that the highest cost proportion of farmers (63.57%), farmer groups (69.97%), and distributors (50.47%) take place in the material handling activity. In comparison, retailers spend most of the cost on inventory activity (64.29%).
作为大米的主要消费者,印度尼西亚人,特别是日惹人,特别是消费者逐渐将其碳水化合物摄入量从白米改为黑米,因为对人体健康有益。因此,从2015年到2018年,日惹黑稻农场扩大了耕地面积、产量和生产率,以满足需求。本研究运用作业成本法(作业成本法)分析黑米供应链的物流成本结构,旨在帮助企业的行为主体对活动进行监督,从而避免成本的增加和利润的减少。结果发现,农民(63.57%)、农民群体(69.97%)和经销商(50.47%)在物资搬运活动中所占成本比例最高。相比之下,零售商将大部分成本花在库存活动上(64.29%)。
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引用次数: 0
Prioritized Attributes on Black Rice Product Development: Kano Model Application 黑米产品开发中的优先属性:Kano模型的应用
Pub Date : 2022-08-30 DOI: 10.22146/aij.v8i2.76727
Shafira Wuryandani
Black rice is a functional food that contributes to its increasing of popular for consumption and the increasing consumer awareness of health. However, the quality of black rice products still needs to be improved to meet consumer needs. This research was conducted to determine how black rice consumers voice the attributes of black rice products circulating in the market and what priorities need to be made to develop black rice products. The research data was collected through a survey of 50 black rice consumers. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire prepared according to the Kano Model. Data analysis was carried out using the Kano Model, which was developed with the preparation of the House of Quality to determine the priorities that need to be carried out in developing black rice. The results show that the attributes of black rice are divided into two categories: attractive and indifferent. Attributes included in the attractive category are organic black rice, vacuum packaging, nutritional values , and cooking methods on the packaging. Other attributes fall into the indifferent category. Product development priorities focus on attributes that are in the attractive category. The priority for developing black rice products is planting with organic and certified methods, vacuum packaging, new packaging designs that include nutritional values , and cooking methods.
黑米作为一种功能性食品,越来越受到人们的欢迎,消费者的健康意识也越来越强。然而,黑米产品的质量仍有待提高,以满足消费者的需求。本研究旨在确定黑米消费者如何表达市场流通黑米产品的属性,以及开发黑米产品需要优先考虑哪些问题。研究数据是通过对50名黑米消费者的调查收集的。本调查采用根据卡诺模型编制的问卷进行。数据分析是使用卡诺模型进行的,该模型是与质量之家的准备一起开发的,以确定在开发黑米时需要进行的优先事项。结果表明,黑米的性状可分为吸引性状和冷漠性状两类。吸引人的是有机黑米、真空包装、营养价值、包装上的烹饪方法。其他属性则属于无关紧要的范畴。产品开发的重点是那些具有吸引力的属性。黑米产品开发的重点是有机认证种植、真空包装、包含营养价值的新包装设计、烹饪方法等。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Agroindustrial Technology
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