{"title":"Thin lines between native and invasive aquatic plants are common, posing challenges for response efforts","authors":"Daniel J. Larkin","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14752","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14752","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 10","pages":"2562-2572"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14752","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingbo Dong, Jiajia Li, Defu Wang, Su Wang, Weifang Hu, Jianzhao Wu, Yang Liao, Zhijing Yu, Xi Wang, Jinyuan Yu, Jiwei Li, Zhouping Shangguan, Lei Deng
植被恢复对土壤碳库动态有重要影响。高度稳定的铁（Fe）相关碳是土壤碳库的重要组成部分，在土壤碳循环中起着至关重要的作用。然而，植被恢复期间铁相关碳的变化仍然是一个知识空白。本文采集了耕地、草地、灌木林地和林地三种土壤类型（壤土、黄土和砂土）的 0-60 厘米土壤样本，以探讨植被恢复对铁相关碳的响应。结果表明，研究区土壤中铁相关碳的比例在 2.2% 至 26.3% 之间。植被恢复后，表层土壤（0-20 厘米）中黄土和沙土中的铁相关碳含量增加，但壤土中的铁相关碳含量减少。植被恢复期间，土壤中铁相关碳的积累效率在较粗的土壤中更高。此外，在各种土地利用类型中，土壤有机质（SOM）库较高的林地的铁螯合碳含量和比例最高。植被恢复以两种不同的方式影响土壤中的铁-相关碳：（1）增加土壤有机质和溶解有机碳，提高碳和铁的结合效率，促进铁-相关碳的积累；（2）降低土壤中铁的总含量，将三价铁（Fe(III)）还原为二价铁（Fe(II)），破坏碳和铁的结合，降低土壤中铁-相关碳的含量，这两种不同的方式在三种土壤类型中均有发现。此外，粗粒土壤的 SOM 积累效率更高，植被恢复对根系的破坏更小，因此铁相关碳的积累效率更高。综述与应用。林地可能是提供土壤固碳效益的最佳植被类型，可有效增加土壤碳库并最大限度地提高铁相关碳含量。这项研究填补了植被恢复对土壤铁相关碳影响方面的知识空白，为更好地理解土壤碳循环和制定科学的植被恢复措施提供了科学依据。
{"title":"Vegetation restoration in the coarse-textured soil area is more conducive to the accumulation of Fe-associated C","authors":"Lingbo Dong, Jiajia Li, Defu Wang, Su Wang, Weifang Hu, Jianzhao Wu, Yang Liao, Zhijing Yu, Xi Wang, Jinyuan Yu, Jiwei Li, Zhouping Shangguan, Lei Deng","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14749","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14749","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2061-2074"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research Highlight discussing: Carenton, N., Defos du Rau, P., Wachoum, A. S., Ducros, D., Suet, M., Deschamps, C., Betoloum, M. R., Birard, J., Djimasngar, M. B. N., Kayser, Y., Petersen, I. K., Dias, J., Wachoum, M. A., Portier, B., Koumbraït, A. M., Le Bel, S., & Mondain-Monval, J.-Y. (2024). Migration of humans fleeing conflict in the Lake Chad region may increase pressures on natural resources in Lake Fitri (Chad): A case study on waterbirds, Journal of Applied Ecology, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14700. Human conflict and food security have emerged as critical issues for humanity with potentially profound implications for biodiversity conservation. These interconnected challenges not only threaten human well-being and socio-economic stability but also have significant impacts on biodiversity, including biodiversity of conservation concern. The importance of wildlife for bushfood, particularly in regions affected by conflict, adds another layer of complexity. In such areas, reliance on wildlife for sustenance often increases, leading to overexploitation. Bushmeat serves as a crucial source of protein and livelihoods in many parts of the world particularly Africa, highlighting its significant role in local economies and food security. This dynamic not only threatens biodiversity but also exacerbates the challenges of food security and human conflict. Understanding the interplay between human conflict, food security and biodiversity conservation is essential for developing sustainable solutions that address these complex issues holistically. Modelling of wildlife exploitation has historically focussed on spatially explicit pressure maps showing how vulnerable species are to exploitation. New modelling is emerging to help better understand the specific impacts on species populations so that policymakers can help create better informed policies and strategies that balance human needs with conservation efforts.
研究亮点讨论：Carenton, N., Defos du Rau, P., Wachoum, A. S., Ducros, D., Suet, M., Deschamps, C., Betoloum, M. R., Birard, J., Djimasngar, M. B. N.., Kayser, Y., Petersen, I. K., Dias, J., Wachoum, M. A., Portier, B., Koumbraït、Kayser, Y., Petersen, I. K., Dias, J., Wachoum, M. A., Portier, B., Koumbraït, A. M., Le Bel, S., & Mondain-Monval, J.-Y. (2024).(2024).逃离乍得湖地区冲突的人类迁徙可能会增加菲特里湖（乍得）自然资源的压力：水鸟案例研究》，《应用生态学杂志》，1-13，https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14700。人类冲突和粮食安全已成为人类面临的关键问题，可能对生物多样性保护产生深远影响。这些相互关联的挑战不仅威胁人类福祉和社会经济稳定，而且对生物多样性，包括受保护的生物多样性产生重大影响。野生动物对丛林食品的重要性，尤其是在受冲突影响的地区，又增加了一层复杂性。在这些地区，对野生动物的依赖往往会增加，导致过度开发。在世界许多地区，尤其是非洲，野生动物肉类是蛋白质和生计的重要来源，凸显了其在当地经济和粮食安全中的重要作用。这种态势不仅威胁着生物多样性，还加剧了粮食安全和人类冲突的挑战。了解人类冲突、粮食安全和生物多样性保护之间的相互作用，对于制定全面解决这些复杂问题的可持续解决方案至关重要。野生动物开发建模历来侧重于空间压力图，显示物种在开发中的脆弱程度。新的建模正在出现，以帮助更好地了解对物种种群的具体影响，从而帮助决策者制定更明智的政策和战略，平衡人类需求与保护工作。
{"title":"Human conflict, food security and impacts on wildlife: Importance of sustainable harvest models to inform policy","authors":"Hedley S. Grantham","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14747","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Research Highlight discussing</b>: Carenton, N., Defos du Rau, P., Wachoum, A. S., Ducros, D., Suet, M., Deschamps, C., Betoloum, M. R., Birard, J., Djimasngar, M. B. N., Kayser, Y., Petersen, I. K., Dias, J., Wachoum, M. A., Portier, B., Koumbraït, A. M., Le Bel, S., & Mondain-Monval, J.-Y. (2024). Migration of humans fleeing conflict in the Lake Chad region may increase pressures on natural resources in Lake Fitri (Chad): A case study on waterbirds, <i>Journal of Applied Ecology</i>, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14700. Human conflict and food security have emerged as critical issues for humanity with potentially profound implications for biodiversity conservation. These interconnected challenges not only threaten human well-being and socio-economic stability but also have significant impacts on biodiversity, including biodiversity of conservation concern. The importance of wildlife for bushfood, particularly in regions affected by conflict, adds another layer of complexity. In such areas, reliance on wildlife for sustenance often increases, leading to overexploitation. Bushmeat serves as a crucial source of protein and livelihoods in many parts of the world particularly Africa, highlighting its significant role in local economies and food security. This dynamic not only threatens biodiversity but also exacerbates the challenges of food security and human conflict. Understanding the interplay between human conflict, food security and biodiversity conservation is essential for developing sustainable solutions that address these complex issues holistically. Modelling of wildlife exploitation has historically focussed on spatially explicit pressure maps showing how vulnerable species are to exploitation. New modelling is emerging to help better understand the specific impacts on species populations so that policymakers can help create better informed policies and strategies that balance human needs with conservation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"1989-1990"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14747","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unveiling the role of forests in landslide occurrence, recurrence and recovery","authors":"Ying Ki Law, Calvin K. F. Lee, Aland H. Y. Chan, Nelson P. L. Mak, Billy C. H. Hau, Jin Wu","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14741","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14741","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2033-2046"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carcass decay inhibits denitrification indirectly by regulating the microbiota and physicochemical properties in a model water system","authors":"Jiawei Yang, Qiaoling Yu, Wanghong Su, Sijie Wang, Xiaochen Wang, Qian Han, Huan Li","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14748","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14748","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2270-2280"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shared use of a mass-flowering crop drives dietary niche overlap between managed honeybees and bumblebees","authors":"Olivia Bernhardsson, Liam Kendall, Ola Olsson, Peter Olsson, Henrik G. Smith","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14743","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14743","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2135-2145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14743","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141884505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidence for seasonal compensation of hunting mortalities in a long-lived migratory bird","authors":"Frédéric LeTourneux, Gilles Gauthier, Roger Pradel, Josée Lefebvre, Pierre Legagneux","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14731","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14731","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2169-2179"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141887243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Kanaji, Rob Williams, Alexandre N. Zerbini, Trevor A. Branch
工业捕鲸结束后，大多数须鲸种群数量都在增加，但它们的恢复模式对长期以来有关密度依赖性的假设提出了挑战。长期以来，人们一直认为种群增长率会随着恢复而下降，直到达到平衡（"承载能力"，K）。事实上，国际捕鲸委员会假定，在达到 K 之前，增长率就会放缓，在 0.6K 时达到最大生产力。这个 0.6K 的种群水平被用作国际基准，是捕鲸法规和决定是否宣布须鲸种群枯竭的基础。我们对从低丰度到高丰度范围内具有多个丰度估计值的四个须鲸长期数据集进行了模型拟合，发现有力的证据表明，在广泛的丰度水平范围内，增加率保持在接近最大水平，只有当种群接近 K 时才会下降。与目前假设的 0.6K 相比，这些值的总体平均值（0.8K）将是更合理的默认选择。综合与应用。估计的恢复率意味着，目前使用的管理阈值低于实际的最大生产力，即使在高丰度时，种群也能迅速增加。然而，如果种群模型继续假定最大生产力为 0.6K，那么相对于 K 的丰度估计值将低于实际值，从而提供保守的评估结果。我们的研究结果应能激发人们进一步讨论最大持续产量作为渔业和野生动物管理基本概念的作用。
{"title":"Density dependence only affects increase rates in baleen whale populations at high abundance levels","authors":"Yu Kanaji, Rob Williams, Alexandre N. Zerbini, Trevor A. Branch","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14744","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14744","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2258-2269"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Close to the edge: Spatial variation in plant diversity, biomass and floral resources in conventional and agri-environment cereal fields","authors":"Laura M. E. Sutcliffe, Jenny Schellenberg, Stefan Meyer, Christoph Leuschner","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14737","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2664.14737","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"61 9","pages":"2075-2086"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2664.14737","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Carvalho, Hing Kin Lee, Hollie Blaydes, Lucy Treasure, Laura J. Harrison, Hannah Montag, Kristina Vucic, Jonathan Scurlock, Piran C. L. White, Stuart P. Sharp, Tom Clarkson, Alona Armstrong
Multi‐purpose land use is of great importance for sustainable development, particularly in the context of increasing pressures on land to provide ecosystem services (e.g. food, energy) and support biodiversity.The recent global increase in land‐take for utility‐scale ground‐mounted solar farms (hereafter referred to as solar farms) to meet Net Zero targets presents an opportunity for enhanced delivery of ecosystem services, especially in temperate ecosystems where solar farm development often results in land use change away from comparatively intensive agricultural land management. Solar farms have long operational lifespans, experience low levels of disturbance during operation and can be managed for ecosystem services beyond low‐carbon electricity generation, including food production and biodiversity conservation.Here, we briefly synthesise the mechanisms by which solar farm development and operation may impact natural capital and ecosystem services, and provide policy recommendations for policymakers and the solar farm sector.Solar farms can deliver environmental benefits for hosting ecosystems while minimising negative impacts, with outcomes depending on location, construction techniques, and land management practices. However, the historical misalignment between climate, nature, and land use policies has hindered efforts to simultaneously address the climate and biodiversity crises through land use change for solar farms. For instance, existing public financial incentives in the UK that encourage landowners and developers to manage land for biodiversity largely exclude land with solar farms.Policy implications: We call for public policymakers to identify appropriate opportunities to amend existing national laws that address climate and biodiversity separately to improve integration of multiple aspects of the climate‐nature‐land use nexus into policymaking by: (1) formulating ecological and socio‐economic indicators and metrics that are appropriate to underpin the development, implementation, and assessment of public policies; (2) adopting a cross‐sectoral and cross‐government approach to form public policies; (3) ensuring solar farms can access public financial incentives that encourage sustainable land use; (4) implementing land use policies that incentivise funding from non‐government sources (e.g. private sector) into nascent nature markets; (5) embedding solar farms in biodiversity‐inclusive spatial planning policies and decision‐making; and (6) building equity and clarity into responsibilities and benefits for all actors involved.
{"title":"Integrated policymaking is needed to deliver climate and ecological benefits from solar farms","authors":"Fabio Carvalho, Hing Kin Lee, Hollie Blaydes, Lucy Treasure, Laura J. Harrison, Hannah Montag, Kristina Vucic, Jonathan Scurlock, Piran C. L. White, Stuart P. Sharp, Tom Clarkson, Alona Armstrong","doi":"10.1111/1365-2664.14745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.14745","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Multi‐purpose land use is of great importance for sustainable development, particularly in the context of increasing pressures on land to provide ecosystem services (e.g. food, energy) and support biodiversity.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>The recent global increase in land‐take for utility‐scale ground‐mounted solar farms (hereafter referred to as solar farms) to meet Net Zero targets presents an opportunity for enhanced delivery of ecosystem services, especially in temperate ecosystems where solar farm development often results in land use change away from comparatively intensive agricultural land management. Solar farms have long operational lifespans, experience low levels of disturbance during operation and can be managed for ecosystem services beyond low‐carbon electricity generation, including food production and biodiversity conservation.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Here, we briefly synthesise the mechanisms by which solar farm development and operation may impact natural capital and ecosystem services, and provide policy recommendations for policymakers and the solar farm sector.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Solar farms can deliver environmental benefits for hosting ecosystems while minimising negative impacts, with outcomes depending on location, construction techniques, and land management practices. However, the historical misalignment between climate, nature, and land use policies has hindered efforts to simultaneously address the climate and biodiversity crises through land use change for solar farms. For instance, existing public financial incentives in the UK that encourage landowners and developers to manage land for biodiversity largely exclude land with solar farms.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item><jats:italic>Policy implications</jats:italic>: We call for public policymakers to identify appropriate opportunities to amend existing national laws that address climate and biodiversity separately to improve integration of multiple aspects of the climate‐nature‐land use nexus into policymaking by: (1) formulating ecological and socio‐economic indicators and metrics that are appropriate to underpin the development, implementation, and assessment of public policies; (2) adopting a cross‐sectoral and cross‐government approach to form public policies; (3) ensuring solar farms can access public financial incentives that encourage sustainable land use; (4) implementing land use policies that incentivise funding from non‐government sources (e.g. private sector) into nascent nature markets; (5) embedding solar farms in biodiversity‐inclusive spatial planning policies and decision‐making; and (6) building equity and clarity into responsibilities and benefits for all actors involved.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>","PeriodicalId":15016,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Ecology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141870352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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