Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7185
Patryk Płochocki, Mateusz Makarewicz, P. Simiński
This article is about military equipment research in conditions of reduced atmospheric pressure. Reported cases of equipment damage during work at high altitude or air transport show the need to perform research on phenomena occurring during storage, transport and operation of equipment at a reduced ambient pressure. One of the fragments of the article is devoted to the records contained in normative documents regarding the subject of the study. In addition, an exemplary experiment was made, the purpose of which was to illustrate some of the effects associated with the use of the equipment in the above-mentioned working conditions.
{"title":"Problems related to the tests of resistance and strength of military equipment in reduced atmospheric pressure conditions","authors":"Patryk Płochocki, Mateusz Makarewicz, P. Simiński","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7185","url":null,"abstract":"This article is about military equipment research in conditions of reduced atmospheric pressure. Reported cases of equipment damage during work at high altitude or air transport show the need to perform research on phenomena occurring during storage, transport and operation of equipment at a reduced ambient pressure. One of the fragments of the article is devoted to the records contained in normative documents regarding the subject of the study. In addition, an exemplary experiment was made, the purpose of which was to illustrate some of the effects associated with the use of the equipment in the above-mentioned working conditions.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128514315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.6763
M. Kruszewski, Paula Razin
At the Rest and Service Areas (R&SA) both in Poland as in European Union are observed in-creasing problems with availability of parking slots for trucks and semi-trailers. Insufficient number of parking slots is caused mainly by daily truck traffic and parking fluctuations. Drivers of such vehicles are obliged by Regulation WE 561/2006 [6] to take regular stops. At the same time Regulation 885/2013 [5] of the UE Commission imposes on member states a duty to ensure the adequate number of spots on safe and secured parking’s. Article presents the results of the research on parking occupancy that were performed on chosen section of A4 highway in Poland. Additionally authors propose the method to ensure additional parking slots for trucks and semi-trailers using only traffic management means.
{"title":"Parking problems at the rest and service areas (R&SA) in Poland – results of test on selected parkings along the A4 highway","authors":"M. Kruszewski, Paula Razin","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.6763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6763","url":null,"abstract":"At the Rest and Service Areas (R&SA) both in Poland as in European Union are observed in-creasing problems with availability of parking slots for trucks and semi-trailers. Insufficient number of parking slots is caused mainly by daily truck traffic and parking fluctuations. Drivers of such vehicles are obliged by Regulation WE 561/2006 [6] to take regular stops. At the same time Regulation 885/2013 [5] of the UE Commission imposes on member states a duty to ensure the adequate number of spots on safe and secured parking’s. Article presents the results of the research on parking occupancy that were performed on chosen section of A4 highway in Poland. Additionally authors propose the method to ensure additional parking slots for trucks and semi-trailers using only traffic management means.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126956648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7471
Michal Skakuj
Interactions between aviation and the environment are rather complex, and consist of both wildlife strike hazards and negative impacts on protected species and habitats. Rapid growth of air traffic causes systematic growth in wildlife strike numbers. Climate changes affect geographical distributions of some big bird species that are hazardous to aviation. One can expect a concomitant growth of wildlife strike risk caused by species such as geese, gulls and corvids in next 30-50 years. Therefore significance of the complex and interdisciplinary proactive approach to manage the risk, will grow. Its success, measured by increased aviation safety, will depend on a fruitful co-operation among aviation and non-aviation stakeholders and experts. This co-operation includes aviation authorities, scientists as ornithologists, ecologists, land owners, and local governments. Additionally, a civil-military as well as international co-operation is extremely important, aiding in radar data analysis or legislation, for example.
{"title":"Wildlife hazard risk in aviation and climate changing","authors":"Michal Skakuj","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7471","url":null,"abstract":"Interactions between aviation and the environment are rather complex, and consist of both wildlife strike hazards and negative impacts on protected species and habitats. Rapid growth of air traffic causes systematic growth in wildlife strike numbers. Climate changes affect geographical distributions of some big bird species that are hazardous to aviation. One can expect a concomitant growth of wildlife strike risk caused by species such as geese, gulls and corvids in next 30-50 years. Therefore significance of the complex and interdisciplinary proactive approach to manage the risk, will grow. Its success, measured by increased aviation safety, will depend on a fruitful co-operation among aviation and non-aviation stakeholders and experts. This co-operation includes aviation authorities, scientists as ornithologists, ecologists, land owners, and local governments. Additionally, a civil-military as well as international co-operation is extremely important, aiding in radar data analysis or legislation, for example.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115158795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7464
Anita Linka, M. Galant, A. Wróblewska
Every year there is an increase in the number of aircraft operations in the General Aviation (GA). This is, among other things, as a result of the greater availability and popularity of this method of transportation. The paper presents the number of general aviation operations performed on Polish territory (included data for every sector of the Flight Information Service). Then the safety situation in Poland is assessed on the basis of National Commission for Aviation Accidents Investigation (PKBWL) and referenced to the data of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). Article also presents the main directions of development of the GA in Poland and Europe. The summary takes into consideration the future of general aviation in Poland.
{"title":"Analysis of the safety situation in Polish General Aviation","authors":"Anita Linka, M. Galant, A. Wróblewska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7464","url":null,"abstract":"Every year there is an increase in the number of aircraft operations in the General Aviation (GA). This is, among other things, as a result of the greater availability and popularity of this method of transportation. The paper presents the number of general aviation operations performed on Polish territory (included data for every sector of the Flight Information Service). Then the safety situation in Poland is assessed on the basis of National Commission for Aviation Accidents Investigation (PKBWL) and referenced to the data of the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). Article also presents the main directions of development of the GA in Poland and Europe. The summary takes into consideration the future of general aviation in Poland.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127010688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7350
Marek Drobny, R. Żochowska, A. Sobota
The method of multicriteria assessment of the transportation service of the airport has been presented in the article. The several stages of the method have also been presented. The method of selection of criteria is one of the most important step in the process. The article describes the most important criteria, according to the authors, which have been took into account. The article contains the case study for the assessment of transportation service between Katowice Airport and the Katowice city. The selection of transportation means and course of the route have been the main difference between analysed variants.
{"title":"Multicriteria assessment of the transportation service of the airport","authors":"Marek Drobny, R. Żochowska, A. Sobota","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7350","url":null,"abstract":"The method of multicriteria assessment of the transportation service of the airport has been presented in the article. The several stages of the method have also been presented. The method of selection of criteria is one of the most important step in the process. The article describes the most important criteria, according to the authors, which have been took into account. The article contains the case study for the assessment of transportation service between Katowice Airport and the Katowice city. The selection of transportation means and course of the route have been the main difference between analysed variants.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123484771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7462
A. Kowalski, J. Zak
One of the methods used to provide an immediate delivery service is to engage the final recipient in a part of the distribution process, which significantly affects the supply chain. Currently, the customer decides where and when he will want to pick up the package with the goods. In order to above, the concept of "last mile" facilities appeared. The article describes the concept of "last mile", including "last mile" facilities. These facilities include elements of the distribution system enabling direct collection or parcel delivery by the customer. The article presents the problems of locating objects of this type in the supply chain and their location in space. The limitations and criteria taken into account during the location assessment are presented. A multicriteria procedure for the evaluation of location variants of "last mile" facilities has been proposed.
{"title":"Selected aspects of choosing locations on \"last miles\" points in the supply chain","authors":"A. Kowalski, J. Zak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7462","url":null,"abstract":"One of the methods used to provide an immediate delivery service is to engage the final recipient in a part of the distribution process, which significantly affects the supply chain. Currently, the customer decides where and when he will want to pick up the package with the goods. In order to above, the concept of \"last mile\" facilities appeared. The article describes the concept of \"last mile\", including \"last mile\" facilities. These facilities include elements of the distribution system enabling direct collection or parcel delivery by the customer. The article presents the problems of locating objects of this type in the supply chain and their location in space. The limitations and criteria taken into account during the location assessment are presented. A multicriteria procedure for the evaluation of location variants of \"last mile\" facilities has been proposed.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121517371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7466
Patrycja Pacak
This paper contains the mathematical model of an inadvertent stall as the incipient phase of a spin. Some further simplifications were included. Representation of a rigid plane was modeled as the three-dimensional movement of center of gravity. The equations of motion were presented, as well as the basic equations for the LLT method. The aerodynamic stall as the specific flight phase and the Loss of Control in Flight cause of aircraft accident sets the global safety concern that needs further actions. The created mathematical model shall be used for creating simulation algorithms for an inadvertent stall.
{"title":"Mathematical model of an inadvertent stall","authors":"Patrycja Pacak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7466","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contains the mathematical model of an inadvertent stall as the incipient phase of a spin. Some further simplifications were included. Representation of a rigid plane was modeled as the three-dimensional movement of center of gravity. The equations of motion were presented, as well as the basic equations for the LLT method. The aerodynamic stall as the specific flight phase and the Loss of Control in Flight cause of aircraft accident sets the global safety concern that needs further actions. The created mathematical model shall be used for creating simulation algorithms for an inadvertent stall.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126891799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7461
Ł. Konieczny, Zdzisław Niedziela, J. Łukowski, M. Stańczyk
The article presents the results of the technical state of shock absorbers on the stand with harmonic Eusam type kinematic forcing applied at vehicle inspection stations. As operating parameter, the pressure in the tires was assumed (assumed a reduced value in relation to the recommended nominal value) and the impact of this parameter on the values obtained during testing on the test bench was determined. The measurements were carried out several times. The results are summarized in tabular form and in the form of a graph and based on them final conclusions were formulated.
{"title":"The influence of selected operating parameters on assessment of technical condition of shock absorber at EUSAMA station","authors":"Ł. Konieczny, Zdzisław Niedziela, J. Łukowski, M. Stańczyk","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7461","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the technical state of shock absorbers on the stand with harmonic Eusam type kinematic forcing applied at vehicle inspection stations. As operating parameter, the pressure in the tires was assumed (assumed a reduced value in relation to the recommended nominal value) and the impact of this parameter on the values obtained during testing on the test bench was determined. The measurements were carried out several times. The results are summarized in tabular form and in the form of a graph and based on them final conclusions were formulated.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122368365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7352
A. Kochan, Anna Kruk, Paulina Rutkowska
Currently, the law on the use of unmanned aircraft is passed individually in each EU member state. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) intends to create uniform community rules, that will regulate UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) flights in each EU country. The main assumptions of the strategics proposed in the draft document prepared by EASA "Introduction of regulatory framework for the use of drones" is the division of flights into categories: open, special and certified, as well as the implementation of the U-Space concept, a platform for the management of unmanned aerial traffic. The article presents provisions regarding the use of unmanned aircraft in Polish airspace in accordance with current standards and regulations. The conditions for obtaining operator qualification certificates (UAVO) are also described, as well as the permissions for the operators, both basic and additional, and the process of obtaining them. These permissions are issued in the form of a qualification certificate after completing the theoretical and practical training and passing the state examination in presence of the examination board in the scope required for obtaining these qualifications. In addition, the authors presented the conditions for performing UAV flights in the airspace structures of FIR Warsaw. The article presents the prospects for unmanned aerial vehicle market development by identifying new legal challenges proposed by EASA, and the outlines of both the draft of the new Regulation as well as the government programme called "Zwirko and Wigura", an initiative resulting from state actions for the development of new technologies, in particular the integrated management systems.
{"title":"Prospects for unmanned aerial vehicles market development in Poland","authors":"A. Kochan, Anna Kruk, Paulina Rutkowska","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7352","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the law on the use of unmanned aircraft is passed individually in each EU member state. The European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) intends to create uniform community rules, that will regulate UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) flights in each EU country. The main assumptions of the strategics proposed in the draft document prepared by EASA \"Introduction of regulatory framework for the use of drones\" is the division of flights into categories: open, special and certified, as well as the implementation of the U-Space concept, a platform for the management of unmanned aerial traffic. The article presents provisions regarding the use of unmanned aircraft in Polish airspace in accordance with current standards and regulations. The conditions for obtaining operator qualification certificates (UAVO) are also described, as well as the permissions for the operators, both basic and additional, and the process of obtaining them. These permissions are issued in the form of a qualification certificate after completing the theoretical and practical training and passing the state examination in presence of the examination board in the scope required for obtaining these qualifications. In addition, the authors presented the conditions for performing UAV flights in the airspace structures of FIR Warsaw. The article presents the prospects for unmanned aerial vehicle market development by identifying new legal challenges proposed by EASA, and the outlines of both the draft of the new Regulation as well as the government programme called \"Zwirko and Wigura\", an initiative resulting from state actions for the development of new technologies, in particular the integrated management systems.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"33 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114126368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0013.7470
Ewelina Sendek-Matysiak
In 2016, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development published a report in which a modeling was conducted (based, among others, on current emissions, population distribution, economic and demographic trends) that allowed for forecasting the economic consequences of air pollution up to 2060. The project’s authors stated that if countries do not take up more action to improve the quality of air than those introduced the number of early deaths due to air pollution can increase until 2060 and amount to 8-9 million people annually. At the same time, they emphasized that if adequate steps are incorporated in terms of cleaner energy sources, public transport or emission limits, among others, there is a high chance that the air quality improves, which in consequence will substantially lower the health effects and costs. One of the currently introduced solutions is the dissemination of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), i.e. battery electric vehicles (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. This paper presents the current state of the market for such cars, as well as forecasts of its development. Special emphasis was put to the related plans of car manufacturers.
{"title":"Future of the automotive market in terms of electric cars","authors":"Ewelina Sendek-Matysiak","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0013.7470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.7470","url":null,"abstract":"In 2016, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development published a report in which a modeling was conducted (based, among others, on current emissions, population distribution, economic and demographic trends) that allowed for forecasting the economic consequences of air pollution up to 2060. The project’s authors stated that if countries do not take up more action to improve the quality of air than those introduced the number of early deaths due to air pollution can increase until 2060 and amount to 8-9 million people annually. At the same time, they emphasized that if adequate steps are incorporated in terms of cleaner energy sources, public transport or emission limits, among others, there is a high chance that the air quality improves, which in consequence will substantially lower the health effects and costs. One of the currently introduced solutions is the dissemination of plug-in electric vehicles (PEV), i.e. battery electric vehicles (BEV) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. This paper presents the current state of the market for such cars, as well as forecasts of its development. Special emphasis was put to the related plans of car manufacturers.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":150174,"journal":{"name":"WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126021544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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