Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i9653
Gehad H. El Sayed, Mohamed Fadel, Mohamed Marzouk
Due to increasing health awareness among consumers and the identification of novel pharmacological properties of diverse natural pigments, the market for natural pigments is currently seeing rapid growth. Streptomyces. nigra GH12, a new Actinomycete isolate identified by 16S rRNA used for dark green pigment production. Manipulations of the factors affecting pigment production are the most effective way to have maximum yield of pigment. Starch 2.5% (w/v), ammonium nitrate 0.2% (w/v), dibasic sodium phosphate 0.1% (w/v), inoculums size 6% (v/v), initial pH level of 8, 150 rpm rotation speed, 37 ºC temperature, and 9 days of incubation were found the optimum growth conditions for the highest green pigment production. The extraction of green pigment was performed efficiently with ethanol solvent. Results showed no effect on the pigment content at 40, 50 and 60°C. On heating pigment extract at 70, 80, 90 and 100oC for 60 min, retention of pigment remained as high as 97.4, 93, 86 and 79% of the total pigment density , respectively, even with continuous treatment at 100°C for more 60 min. The results indicated that the pigment extracts exhibited their greatest stabilities at high pH values, i.e. 8.0, 8.5, 9.0 and 10.0, during the entire holding time. The pigment was characterized by full UV-visible spectroscopic screening, where the potential absorption maximum of the target green pigment extract was recorded in the range of 300 ̶ 360 nm, with a λmax at 340 nm. Moreover, the chemical composition diversity of the pigment extract was further investigated by GC/MS analysis that revealed the presence of 57 metabolites in their silylated form.
{"title":"Optimization, a Potential Production, GC-MS and Characterization of Dark Green Pigment from New Local Isolate Streptomyces nigra Strain GH12","authors":"Gehad H. El Sayed, Mohamed Fadel, Mohamed Marzouk","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i9653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i9653","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increasing health awareness among consumers and the identification of novel pharmacological properties of diverse natural pigments, the market for natural pigments is currently seeing rapid growth. Streptomyces. nigra GH12, a new Actinomycete isolate identified by 16S rRNA used for dark green pigment production. Manipulations of the factors affecting pigment production are the most effective way to have maximum yield of pigment. Starch 2.5% (w/v), ammonium nitrate 0.2% (w/v), dibasic sodium phosphate 0.1% (w/v), inoculums size 6% (v/v), initial pH level of 8, 150 rpm rotation speed, 37 ºC temperature, and 9 days of incubation were found the optimum growth conditions for the highest green pigment production. The extraction of green pigment was performed efficiently with ethanol solvent. Results showed no effect on the pigment content at 40, 50 and 60°C. On heating pigment extract at 70, 80, 90 and 100oC for 60 min, retention of pigment remained as high as 97.4, 93, 86 and 79% of the total pigment density , respectively, even with continuous treatment at 100°C for more 60 min. The results indicated that the pigment extracts exhibited their greatest stabilities at high pH values, i.e. 8.0, 8.5, 9.0 and 10.0, during the entire holding time. The pigment was characterized by full UV-visible spectroscopic screening, where the potential absorption maximum of the target green pigment extract was recorded in the range of 300 ̶ 360 nm, with a λmax at 340 nm. Moreover, the chemical composition diversity of the pigment extract was further investigated by GC/MS analysis that revealed the presence of 57 metabolites in their silylated form.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":" 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135242689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i9652
None Ogunlade-Anibasa, G. O., None Ogwuiche, P. O.
Investigation of heavy metals (Zinc) concentration and nutritional value of cow hides (ponmo) consumed in AMAC (Abuja Municipal and Kuje Area Councils was carried out between November 2021 and January 2022. Samples were randomly collected from both Area Councils and prepared for Analysis using Nitric acid digestion and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The mean concentration of Zinc (Zn) in AMAC were 0.88 ± 0.35mg/kg and 2.04 ± 0.57mg/kg in Kuje Area Council respectively. Results showed that the concentration of Zinc (Zn) in cow hide (Ponmo) from AMAC was two times as high as cow hide (Ponmo) from Kuje Area Council. The mean concentration of Zinc (Zn) in cow hide in both Area Councils were two times as high as the Food and Agricultural Organization Standard unit for Zinc(Zn), which is 0.03mg/kg -1.0mg/kg. However, potential accumulation may depend on the frequency of consumption or exposure. In contrast to many studies the samples had alot of nutritional value. Proximate analysis showed that the ponmo samples for Kuje had 54% proteinand 34.68% carbohydrate, moisture 5.3%, crude lipid 2.3%, ash 2.7%, fibre 0.82% while ponmo samples for AMAC had 51.4% protein, 36% carbohydrate, 5% moisture, crude lipid 4.3%, ash 2.1% and fibre 1.1% which suggests that Ponmo has some level of nutrient especially rich in protein and carbohydrate and low in fibre content. Cowhides from AMAC and Kuje Area Councils contain significant amount of zinc, which exceeded the standard limit and could pose a potential health risk to consumers depending on the frequency of consumption. Hence the need for monitoring of this metal concentration to avoid excessive bioaccumulation that could be harmful to health. This study also showed that cowhides is rich in some nutrients especially protein and carbohydrates and can be a substitute for meat protein.
{"title":"Determination of Zinc Concentration and Nutritional Value of Cow Hide (Ponmo) Sold in Different Parts of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria","authors":"None Ogunlade-Anibasa, G. O., None Ogwuiche, P. O.","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i9652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i9652","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation of heavy metals (Zinc) concentration and nutritional value of cow hides (ponmo) consumed in AMAC (Abuja Municipal and Kuje Area Councils was carried out between November 2021 and January 2022. Samples were randomly collected from both Area Councils and prepared for Analysis using Nitric acid digestion and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The mean concentration of Zinc (Zn) in AMAC were 0.88 ± 0.35mg/kg and 2.04 ± 0.57mg/kg in Kuje Area Council respectively. Results showed that the concentration of Zinc (Zn) in cow hide (Ponmo) from AMAC was two times as high as cow hide (Ponmo) from Kuje Area Council. The mean concentration of Zinc (Zn) in cow hide in both Area Councils were two times as high as the Food and Agricultural Organization Standard unit for Zinc(Zn), which is 0.03mg/kg -1.0mg/kg. However, potential accumulation may depend on the frequency of consumption or exposure. In contrast to many studies the samples had alot of nutritional value. Proximate analysis showed that the ponmo samples for Kuje had 54% proteinand 34.68% carbohydrate, moisture 5.3%, crude lipid 2.3%, ash 2.7%, fibre 0.82% while ponmo samples for AMAC had 51.4% protein, 36% carbohydrate, 5% moisture, crude lipid 4.3%, ash 2.1% and fibre 1.1% which suggests that Ponmo has some level of nutrient especially rich in protein and carbohydrate and low in fibre content. Cowhides from AMAC and Kuje Area Councils contain significant amount of zinc, which exceeded the standard limit and could pose a potential health risk to consumers depending on the frequency of consumption. Hence the need for monitoring of this metal concentration to avoid excessive bioaccumulation that could be harmful to health. This study also showed that cowhides is rich in some nutrients especially protein and carbohydrates and can be a substitute for meat protein.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"96 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8651
Rehab A. Dawoud, Tahany Noreldin, Rania S. Shehata, Hanan Moawod, Amira Kasem
A field experiment was conducted during the 2018/2019 wheat growing season in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. This is to assess the potential impact of climate change on wheat production under different irrigation treatments using the DSSAT-CERES wheat simulation model and climate change scenarios; to determine the best sowing date to be used as an adaptation strategy under climate change scenarios. The model effectively simulates wheat yield, with a high goodness of fit and d-Stat value, and low root mean square per observation, resulting in an overall goodness of fit of average 13.8 kg/fed. The model's performance was satisfactory, with high R2 and d-Stat values and low RMSE/obs, with overall values of 0.830, 0.951, and 2.3 mm, respectively for water consumption. The CERES-Wheat model accurately simulates wheat yield and water consumption, allowing us to assess climate change's impact on wheat yield in 2030 and 2040. The study shows a decrease in solar radiation (SR) by 1.9 and 2.1 MJ/m2/day in 2030 and 2040, while maximum temperature increases by 1.5 and 1.9°C due to climate change, and minimum temperature decreases by 1.8 and 2.3°C in 2030 and 2040. This results in an increase in potential evapotranspiration (PET) by 0.2 and 0.3 mm. The study predicts that season length will shorten in 2030 and 2040 due to temperature increases. In 2030, it will be reduced by 2, 4, and 4 days under different treatments. In 2040, it will be lower, with reductions of 3, 5, and 5 days. The study found that wheat yield losses would be lowest under the first sowing date and irrigation treatment, while the highest reductions were found under the third treatment. Climate change will reduce wheat water consumption due to shorter growing seasons and heat stress, with the lowest reductions occurring in 2030 and 2040 at 8 and 18%, respectively. The highest reductions in wheat yield were observed under the third sowing date and irrigation treatment. We suggest planting wheat in November, using full irrigation to prevent high-yield losses, and implementing adaptation strategies to reduce wheat plant vulnerability to climate change risks.
{"title":"Calibration of the DSSAT-CERES Wheat Crop Model under Scenarios of Climate Change Adaptation and Biotic Stress","authors":"Rehab A. Dawoud, Tahany Noreldin, Rania S. Shehata, Hanan Moawod, Amira Kasem","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8651","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during the 2018/2019 wheat growing season in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate. This is to assess the potential impact of climate change on wheat production under different irrigation treatments using the DSSAT-CERES wheat simulation model and climate change scenarios; to determine the best sowing date to be used as an adaptation strategy under climate change scenarios. The model effectively simulates wheat yield, with a high goodness of fit and d-Stat value, and low root mean square per observation, resulting in an overall goodness of fit of average 13.8 kg/fed. The model's performance was satisfactory, with high R2 and d-Stat values and low RMSE/obs, with overall values of 0.830, 0.951, and 2.3 mm, respectively for water consumption. The CERES-Wheat model accurately simulates wheat yield and water consumption, allowing us to assess climate change's impact on wheat yield in 2030 and 2040. The study shows a decrease in solar radiation (SR) by 1.9 and 2.1 MJ/m2/day in 2030 and 2040, while maximum temperature increases by 1.5 and 1.9°C due to climate change, and minimum temperature decreases by 1.8 and 2.3°C in 2030 and 2040. This results in an increase in potential evapotranspiration (PET) by 0.2 and 0.3 mm. The study predicts that season length will shorten in 2030 and 2040 due to temperature increases. In 2030, it will be reduced by 2, 4, and 4 days under different treatments. In 2040, it will be lower, with reductions of 3, 5, and 5 days. The study found that wheat yield losses would be lowest under the first sowing date and irrigation treatment, while the highest reductions were found under the third treatment. Climate change will reduce wheat water consumption due to shorter growing seasons and heat stress, with the lowest reductions occurring in 2030 and 2040 at 8 and 18%, respectively. The highest reductions in wheat yield were observed under the third sowing date and irrigation treatment. We suggest planting wheat in November, using full irrigation to prevent high-yield losses, and implementing adaptation strategies to reduce wheat plant vulnerability to climate change risks.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"505 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135617666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8650
Mariame Cisse, Ginette G. Doué, Lessoy T. Zoué, Djary M. Koffi
Attiéké is a fermented and steamed cassava semolina made in Côte d'Ivoire. It is an excellent source of energy but contains low amounts of protein and micronutrients. This study was conducted to assess the nutritional value and sensory properties of attiéké enriched with three legumes (cowpea, voandzou and common bean). The attiéké enriched with legume flours was prepared in different proportions of 10%, 15% and 20%. The samples were produced by incorporating the flour of the three legumes into the cassava paste in a single step (fermentation). The ferment content and fermentation time were 12% and 24 hours respectively. The chemical and sensory characteristics of the cowpea, voandzou and common bean enriched attiéké formulations were determined using standard methods. The results showed that the protein (1.13-9.93%), fat (0.06-2.06%), ash (0.1-1.13%), fibre (2-6.33%) and energy (353.747-372.06 Kcal/100 g) contents of the legume-enriched attiéké increased significantly with the cowpea, voandzou and common bean content. In addition, the addition of legume meal induced a significant increase in pH from 4.6 to 4.9. The incorporation of 10, 15 and 20% legume flours changed the appearance, aroma, taste, colour, and overall acceptability of the enriched attiéké compared to the control attiéké which were less appreciated by consumers. Flours with 10% legumes added to the cassava paste before the fermentation process yielded the most acceptable food compared to flours with 15 and 20% legumes added. This work suggests that the addition of 10% legume flour to the attiéké and proper fermentation improves both the nutritional value and sensory properties of the attiéké enriched with legumes.
{"title":"Improvement of Nutritional Properties of Attiéké by Co-Fermenting Cassava Paste with three Local Legume (Cowpea, Voandzou and Bean) Flours","authors":"Mariame Cisse, Ginette G. Doué, Lessoy T. Zoué, Djary M. Koffi","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8650","url":null,"abstract":"Attiéké is a fermented and steamed cassava semolina made in Côte d'Ivoire. It is an excellent source of energy but contains low amounts of protein and micronutrients. This study was conducted to assess the nutritional value and sensory properties of attiéké enriched with three legumes (cowpea, voandzou and common bean). The attiéké enriched with legume flours was prepared in different proportions of 10%, 15% and 20%. The samples were produced by incorporating the flour of the three legumes into the cassava paste in a single step (fermentation). The ferment content and fermentation time were 12% and 24 hours respectively. The chemical and sensory characteristics of the cowpea, voandzou and common bean enriched attiéké formulations were determined using standard methods. The results showed that the protein (1.13-9.93%), fat (0.06-2.06%), ash (0.1-1.13%), fibre (2-6.33%) and energy (353.747-372.06 Kcal/100 g) contents of the legume-enriched attiéké increased significantly with the cowpea, voandzou and common bean content. In addition, the addition of legume meal induced a significant increase in pH from 4.6 to 4.9. The incorporation of 10, 15 and 20% legume flours changed the appearance, aroma, taste, colour, and overall acceptability of the enriched attiéké compared to the control attiéké which were less appreciated by consumers. Flours with 10% legumes added to the cassava paste before the fermentation process yielded the most acceptable food compared to flours with 15 and 20% legumes added. This work suggests that the addition of 10% legume flour to the attiéké and proper fermentation improves both the nutritional value and sensory properties of the attiéké enriched with legumes.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"248 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135969274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: This study was conducted to identify seed-eating birds and their dynamics in four rice-growing lowlands.
Place and Duration of Study: Nana, Petit Bouaké, Subiakro and Zatta rice-growing lowlands in the Yamoussoukro district (Central Côte d’Ivoire) from May 2021 to April 2022.
Methodology: Seed-eating birds were surveyed using the line transect method between 6.30 am and 6.30 pm. At each site, four surveys were carried out per month.
Results: In total, 22 species of seed-eating birds belonging to six families and three orders were inventoried in the rice-growing lowlands of the Yamoussoukro district. Among them, Village weaver Ploceus cucullatus, Red-headed Quelea Quelea erythrops and Bronze Mannikin Spermestes cucullata were the predominant species. Five other species, Red-eyed Dove Streptopelia semitorquata, Magpie Mannikin Spermestes fringilloides, Northern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus, Yellow-mantled Widowbird Euplectes macroura and Black-winged Bishop Euplectes hordeaceus were regular in these lowland rice fields. Numbers of these seed-eating birds were highest at the Subiakro site and at the spike development and maturation of the rice. In addition, their numbers were highest between March and October and lowest between November and February.
Conclusion: This study indicates that eight seed-eating birds are likely to cause significant damage to rice crops, but their pressure could be reduced by planning harvests between November and February.
{"title":"Structure and Dynamics of Granivorous Birds in Rice Fields Lowlands of the Yamoussoukro District, Central Côte d’Ivoire","authors":"Kadio Saint Guillaume Odoukpé, Monnoin Frédéric Gueye, Koffi Narcisse Kouassi, Amalan Sylvie N’da","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8649","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study was conducted to identify seed-eating birds and their dynamics in four rice-growing lowlands.
 Place and Duration of Study: Nana, Petit Bouaké, Subiakro and Zatta rice-growing lowlands in the Yamoussoukro district (Central Côte d’Ivoire) from May 2021 to April 2022.
 Methodology: Seed-eating birds were surveyed using the line transect method between 6.30 am and 6.30 pm. At each site, four surveys were carried out per month.
 Results: In total, 22 species of seed-eating birds belonging to six families and three orders were inventoried in the rice-growing lowlands of the Yamoussoukro district. Among them, Village weaver Ploceus cucullatus, Red-headed Quelea Quelea erythrops and Bronze Mannikin Spermestes cucullata were the predominant species. Five other species, Red-eyed Dove Streptopelia semitorquata, Magpie Mannikin Spermestes fringilloides, Northern Grey-headed Sparrow Passer griseus, Yellow-mantled Widowbird Euplectes macroura and Black-winged Bishop Euplectes hordeaceus were regular in these lowland rice fields. Numbers of these seed-eating birds were highest at the Subiakro site and at the spike development and maturation of the rice. In addition, their numbers were highest between March and October and lowest between November and February.
 Conclusion: This study indicates that eight seed-eating birds are likely to cause significant damage to rice crops, but their pressure could be reduced by planning harvests between November and February.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8648
Zoa Parfait Alexis, Effa Onomo Pierre, Tene Tayo Paul Martial, None Fotso, Djocgoue Pierre-François
The present study aimed at assessing the performance of the formulation combining Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on germination and induction of the synthesis of bioprotective molecules against pathogens in Abelmoschus esculentus causing cercosporiosis. A significant difference (p = 0.05) was revealed between the formulation (T1) and the control (T0) in the field on the seed germination rate of okra varieties Clemson spineless (V1) (83.3 vs 94.4%; 88.8 vs 100%; 77.7 vs 88.8%) and Hire (V2) (77.7 vs 94.4%; 88.8 vs 100%; 83.3 vs 88.8%) in agroecological areas V, III and IV respectively. The same effect observed on plant health with bioformulation was significant compared with the control in terms of protection against cercosporiosis pathogens. The protection ranges according to treatment and control for the two okra varieties in agroecological areas V, III and IV were 79.24 vs. 86.48%; 100 vs. 100%; 77.76 vs. 91.82% for variety V1 and 88.88 vs. 94.44%; 94.44 vs. 100%; 83.33 vs. 94.44% for variety V2. Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry revealed an overproduction of bioactive molecules in the hydro-methanolic extracts of okra leaves treated with the formulation, which are responsible for its bioprotection in the three agroecological areas. In conclusion, the use of the Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens formulation on okra crops significantly induced germination and systemic resistance of Abelmoschus esculentus plants against cercosporiosis agents.
本研究旨在评价哈茨木霉和解淀粉芽孢杆菌联合制剂对猪绒球绦虫病原菌萌发和诱导生物保护分子合成的影响。田间配方(T1)与对照(T0)对秋葵品种克莱姆森(V1)的种子发芽率(83.3 vs 94.4%;88.8 vs 100%;77.7 vs 88.8%)和Hire (V2) (77.7 vs 94.4%;88.8 vs 100%;V、III和IV农业生态区分别为83.3 vs 88.8%)。在预防尾蚴病病原体方面，与对照相比，生物制剂对植物健康的同样效果也很显著。V、III和IV农业生态区两个秋葵品种按处理和防治的保护幅度分别为79.24%和86.48%;100 vs 100%;V1品种77.76比91.82%，88.88比94.44%;94.44 vs. 100%;83.33 vs. 94.44%品种V2。气相色谱结合质谱分析发现，经该配方处理的秋葵叶水甲醇提取物中存在过量的生物活性分子，这些活性分子在三个农业生态区具有生物保护作用。综上所述，在秋葵作物上施用哈兹木霉和解淀粉芽孢杆菌制剂，可显著诱导秋葵芽孢菌萌发，并增强秋葵芽孢菌对丝虫病药剂的抗性。
{"title":"Performance of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Bioformulation on Germination and Expression of Bioprotective Molecules against Cercosporiosis in Abelmoschus esculentus in the Field","authors":"Zoa Parfait Alexis, Effa Onomo Pierre, Tene Tayo Paul Martial, None Fotso, Djocgoue Pierre-François","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8648","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed at assessing the performance of the formulation combining Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on germination and induction of the synthesis of bioprotective molecules against pathogens in Abelmoschus esculentus causing cercosporiosis. A significant difference (p = 0.05) was revealed between the formulation (T1) and the control (T0) in the field on the seed germination rate of okra varieties Clemson spineless (V1) (83.3 vs 94.4%; 88.8 vs 100%; 77.7 vs 88.8%) and Hire (V2) (77.7 vs 94.4%; 88.8 vs 100%; 83.3 vs 88.8%) in agroecological areas V, III and IV respectively. The same effect observed on plant health with bioformulation was significant compared with the control in terms of protection against cercosporiosis pathogens. The protection ranges according to treatment and control for the two okra varieties in agroecological areas V, III and IV were 79.24 vs. 86.48%; 100 vs. 100%; 77.76 vs. 91.82% for variety V1 and 88.88 vs. 94.44%; 94.44 vs. 100%; 83.33 vs. 94.44% for variety V2. Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry revealed an overproduction of bioactive molecules in the hydro-methanolic extracts of okra leaves treated with the formulation, which are responsible for its bioprotection in the three agroecological areas. In conclusion, the use of the Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens formulation on okra crops significantly induced germination and systemic resistance of Abelmoschus esculentus plants against cercosporiosis agents.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8647
O. A. Idam, Ramzy A. Yousif, Fouzi A. Mohamed, Ameer A. Elobied, Nasreldeen S. Ibrahim, Salama M. Ibrahim, Souad A. Mollah
This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of phytoplankton, zooplankton and their correlation with physico-chemical conditions of water for White Nile, Blue Nile and River Nile, April – May 2022. Some of the important physico-chemical factors of the research stations have been analyzed and the water temperature (°C) were (22.00±1.00, 21.00±0.00 and 21.00±0.00), pH (8.47±0.31, 7.6.00±0.35 and 8.07±0.12) and Transperancy (cm) (34.67±11.06, 85.33±4.16 and 47.00±8.54) for White Nile, Blue Nile and River Nile respectivley. The results revealed that there are 18 species of phytoplankton and 18 species of zooplankton were recorded from all the stations. Among these Bacillariophyceae was the most dominant class in phytoplankton 5 genus, followed by 4 genus Chlorophyceae, 3 genus Cyanophyceae, 3 genus Zygnematophyceae, 2 genus Xanthophyceae and 1 genus Coscinodiscophyceae. While zooplankton, 18 different genera, the genus are represented by 6 genus Rotifera, 2 genus for (Crustacea, Rhizopoda, Lobosea and Eurotatoria), 1 genus for (Adenophorea, Phylactolemata, Secernetea and Ciliata). Statistically, phytoplankton showed significat result with zooplankton (r2 = 0.81) and with water temperature and PO4 (r2 =0.43); non-significant different with transperancy (r2 = 0.01); for zooplankton the results showed that the positive relation between zooplankton and turbidity (r2 =0.27) and non-significat with other parameters.
{"title":"Spatial Distribution and Diversity of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton and Status of Physico-chemical Parameters in White Nile, Blue Nile and River Nile","authors":"O. A. Idam, Ramzy A. Yousif, Fouzi A. Mohamed, Ameer A. Elobied, Nasreldeen S. Ibrahim, Salama M. Ibrahim, Souad A. Mollah","doi":"10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/jabb/2023/v26i8647","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to estimate the distribution of phytoplankton, zooplankton and their correlation with physico-chemical conditions of water for White Nile, Blue Nile and River Nile, April – May 2022. Some of the important physico-chemical factors of the research stations have been analyzed and the water temperature (°C) were (22.00±1.00, 21.00±0.00 and 21.00±0.00), pH (8.47±0.31, 7.6.00±0.35 and 8.07±0.12) and Transperancy (cm) (34.67±11.06, 85.33±4.16 and 47.00±8.54) for White Nile, Blue Nile and River Nile respectivley. The results revealed that there are 18 species of phytoplankton and 18 species of zooplankton were recorded from all the stations. Among these Bacillariophyceae was the most dominant class in phytoplankton 5 genus, followed by 4 genus Chlorophyceae, 3 genus Cyanophyceae, 3 genus Zygnematophyceae, 2 genus Xanthophyceae and 1 genus Coscinodiscophyceae. While zooplankton, 18 different genera, the genus are represented by 6 genus Rotifera, 2 genus for (Crustacea, Rhizopoda, Lobosea and Eurotatoria), 1 genus for (Adenophorea, Phylactolemata, Secernetea and Ciliata). Statistically, phytoplankton showed significat result with zooplankton (r2 = 0.81) and with water temperature and PO4 (r2 =0.43); non-significant different with transperancy (r2 = 0.01); for zooplankton the results showed that the positive relation between zooplankton and turbidity (r2 =0.27) and non-significat with other parameters.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135826551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yaya, Ehoussou N’douffou Célestin, Dosso Mamadou, N. S. Anthelme
Cassia sieberiana is a tree of 8 to 10 meters in height, used to treat various diseases including malaria, dysmenorrhea and many others. Our objective is the scientific valorisation of Cassia sieberiana, a plant used in therapy in Ivory Coast, by evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of the bark of the root of Cassia sieberiana. To do this, the phytochemical study was carried out in order to determine the main chemical constituents with therapeutic potential, then the acute toxicity by gavage and intraperitoneal injection were carried out and finally the anti-inflammatory activity was verified. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponosides and alkaloids. As for the toxicity study, it allowed us to determine by per os route an LD50 > 5000 mg/kg PC, and by IP an LD50 = 524, 807 mg/kg PC graphically and by calculation an LD50 = 400 mg/kg PC. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of Cassia sieberiana at a dose of 200 mg/kg CP is higher than that of diclofenac at a dose of 10 mg/kg CP from the 3rd to the 6th hour of the experiment. Cassia sieberiana is non-toxic by oral administration but toxic by intraperitoneal injection. Cassia sieberiana also has anti-inflammatory activity.
{"title":"Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Aqueous Extract of Stem Bark of Cassia Sieberiana (Caesalpiniaceae)","authors":"S. Yaya, Ehoussou N’douffou Célestin, Dosso Mamadou, N. S. Anthelme","doi":"10.24297/jbt.v10i.9343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/jbt.v10i.9343","url":null,"abstract":"Cassia sieberiana is a tree of 8 to 10 meters in height, used to treat various diseases including malaria, dysmenorrhea and many others. Our objective is the scientific valorisation of Cassia sieberiana, a plant used in therapy in Ivory Coast, by evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of the bark of the root of Cassia sieberiana. To do this, the phytochemical study was carried out in order to determine the main chemical constituents with therapeutic potential, then the acute toxicity by gavage and intraperitoneal injection were carried out and finally the anti-inflammatory activity was verified.\u0000The phytochemical study revealed the presence of sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponosides and alkaloids. As for the toxicity study, it allowed us to determine by per os route an LD50 > 5000 mg/kg PC, and by IP an LD50 = 524, 807 mg/kg PC graphically and by calculation an LD50 = 400 mg/kg PC. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of Cassia sieberiana at a dose of 200 mg/kg CP is higher than that of diclofenac at a dose of 10 mg/kg CP from the 3rd to the 6th hour of the experiment. Cassia sieberiana is non-toxic by oral administration but toxic by intraperitoneal injection. Cassia sieberiana also has anti-inflammatory activity.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84993721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julien K. N’Dri, Raymond Yao Ray Koffi, Basile Moustapha Diarra, Saint Cyrille Kouamé Manou
The aim of the study was to assess modifications in the community of soil mesostigmatid mites’, as indicator of environment stability with land-use change across 2–4 texturally distinct soils in La Mé and Grand Lahou, Côte d’Ivoire. The fieldwork was carried out in humid period on two study sites: 1– rubber landscape (secondary forest, 7-, 12- and 25-year-old rubber plantations) and 2– oil palm landscape (secondary forest, 13-, 20- and 39-year-old oil palm plantations). Three sampling stands were established in each land-use type and age class, for a total of 24 sampling stands. On each sampling stands, soil cores for Gamasid mite’s extraction were taken at 10 cm soil depth through a 40–50 m transect. Our findings highlighted a drop of mesostigmatid mites’ density (–49% and –52%), species richness (–41% and –40%), and diversity (–35% and –49%), respectively after conversion of the secondary forests into rubber and oil palm plantations. The soil with clayey sandy and clayey textures favored the development of the mesostigmatid mites, particularly in the abundance and species richness of Uropodina. However, the soil with sandy clayey textures improved the abundance and species richness of Gamasina. The mesostigmatid mites’ community was degraded in sandy-textured soils. In light of the Maturity Index values, a better quality of soil and environment was detected in the secondary forests compared to plantations. The results also suggest that the mesostigmatid mites’ community influence the soil nutrients and probably plant productivity indirectly by influencing the populations of their prey.
该研究的目的是评估土壤中污螨群落的变化，作为土地利用变化在La m和Grand Lahou, Côte d '科特迪瓦2-4个质地不同的土壤中的环境稳定性指标。野外调查于湿润期在两个研究点进行:1 .橡胶景观(次生林，7年、12年和25年橡胶种植园)和2 .油棕景观(次生林，13年、20年和39年油棕种植园)。在每个土地利用类型和年龄类别中建立3个样林，共24个样林。在每个采样站上，在40-50米的样带中，在10厘米的土壤深度取土芯用于革螨的提取。次生林改造为橡胶林和油棕林后，中皮螨密度(-49%和-52%)、物种丰富度(-41%和-40%)和多样性(-35%和-49%)分别下降。粘土质、砂质和粘土质土壤有利于中皮螨的发育，尤其是尾足螨的丰度和种类丰富度。砂质粘土质土壤提高了革麻虫的丰度和物种丰富度。在砂质土中，中皮螨群落退化。从成熟度指数来看，次生林的土壤和环境质量优于人工林。结果还表明，中皮螨群落通过影响其猎物的数量间接影响土壤养分，并可能间接影响植物生产力。
{"title":"Does Gamasid mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) observed in oil palm and rubber plantations can be used as indicators of tropical secondary forest soil transformation?","authors":"Julien K. N’Dri, Raymond Yao Ray Koffi, Basile Moustapha Diarra, Saint Cyrille Kouamé Manou","doi":"10.24297/jab.v15i.9348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/jab.v15i.9348","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess modifications in the community of soil mesostigmatid mites’, as indicator of environment stability with land-use change across 2–4 texturally distinct soils in La Mé and Grand Lahou, Côte d’Ivoire. The fieldwork was carried out in humid period on two study sites: 1– rubber landscape (secondary forest, 7-, 12- and 25-year-old rubber plantations) and 2– oil palm landscape (secondary forest, 13-, 20- and 39-year-old oil palm plantations). Three sampling stands were established in each land-use type and age class, for a total of 24 sampling stands. On each sampling stands, soil cores for Gamasid mite’s extraction were taken at 10 cm soil depth through a 40–50 m transect. Our findings highlighted a drop of mesostigmatid mites’ density (–49% and –52%), species richness (–41% and –40%), and diversity (–35% and –49%), respectively after conversion of the secondary forests into rubber and oil palm plantations. The soil with clayey sandy and clayey textures favored the development of the mesostigmatid mites, particularly in the abundance and species richness of Uropodina. However, the soil with sandy clayey textures improved the abundance and species richness of Gamasina. The mesostigmatid mites’ community was degraded in sandy-textured soils. In light of the Maturity Index values, a better quality of soil and environment was detected in the secondary forests compared to plantations. The results also suggest that the mesostigmatid mites’ community influence the soil nutrients and probably plant productivity indirectly by influencing the populations of their prey.","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74901699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kassi Georges, A. Bernardin, Simaro Siriki, Toure Mahama, Kone Minayegninrin, Sokouri Didier Paulin
Malaria is the main cause of consultation and hospitalisation in health centres and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Côte d'Ivoire. To reduce malaria-related deaths, rapid diagnosis and treatment strategies should be adopted. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parasite density and selected haematological parameters in infected patients in cities located in southern Côte d'Ivoire. Blood samples were collected in Jacqueville and Tiassalé. The different haematological parameters were identified by an automated haematological analyser. The coefficient of determination (R2) was determined to show the proportion of variation in parasite density and each haematological parameter. A total of 69 patients were sampled. A negative correlation was observed between parasite density and haemoglobin in the general population, in Jacqueville and in Tiassalé. However, this correlation is significant in the general population (p1 = 0.046; Confidence Interval (CI= [-0.0047; -0.00010]) with a correlation intensity (r) different from zero (p2 = 0.05) and in Jacqueville (p1 = 0. 041; CI= [-0.0025; -0.00012]) with a correlation intensity (r) different from zero (p2 = 0.04). In Tiassalé the correlation was not significant. Haemoglobin and WBC can be considered as key haematological indicators of malaria infection in the study population.
{"title":"Haemoglobin and white blood cells (WBC) as key haematological indicators of malaria infection in a population in Côte d'Ivoire","authors":"Kassi Georges, A. Bernardin, Simaro Siriki, Toure Mahama, Kone Minayegninrin, Sokouri Didier Paulin","doi":"10.24297/jbt.v10i.9300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24297/jbt.v10i.9300","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is the main cause of consultation and hospitalisation in health centres and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Côte d'Ivoire. To reduce malaria-related deaths, rapid diagnosis and treatment strategies should be adopted. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parasite density and selected haematological parameters in infected patients in cities located in southern Côte d'Ivoire. Blood samples were collected in Jacqueville and Tiassalé. The different haematological parameters were identified by an automated haematological analyser. The coefficient of determination (R2) was determined to show the proportion of variation in parasite density and each haematological parameter. A total of 69 patients were sampled. A negative correlation was observed between parasite density and haemoglobin in the general population, in Jacqueville and in Tiassalé. However, this correlation is significant in the general population (p1 = 0.046; Confidence Interval (CI= [-0.0047; -0.00010]) with a correlation intensity (r) different from zero (p2 = 0.05) and in Jacqueville (p1 = 0. 041; CI= [-0.0025; -0.00012]) with a correlation intensity (r) different from zero (p2 = 0.04). In Tiassalé the correlation was not significant. Haemoglobin and WBC can be considered as key haematological indicators of malaria infection in the study population. ","PeriodicalId":15023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology","volume":"682 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76744215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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