Mastore Rahimi, G. Roshanaei, J. Faradmal, Bayazid Ghaderi, L. Moradi
Background: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world and first cancer in Iran. The northern and northwestern regions of the country are areas with a high prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers, especially gastric cancer. Different factors are effective in the incidence of this cancer. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of gastric cancer. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. All patients referred to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj between 2012 and 2018 were examined. Data were extracted using patients' medical records. Descriptive information was collected through SPSS software, and the results were analyzed. Results: The number of patients in this study was 553. The mean age was 66.9 years, and the highest age group was 60 - 80 years. Four hundred twelve patients were male, and 141 were female. In 50% of patients, the location of the cardiac tumor was gastric. Chemotherapy was the most common treatment in more than 60% of patients. Conclusions: The results of this study show that smoking is unfortunately high in patients in this province. An educational intervention to quit smoking is recommended. Smoking is an important risk factor for gastric cancer, and this intervention may also be effective in reducing the incidence of this disease.
{"title":"Stomach Cancer in Patients Referred to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj, 2012 - 2018: An Epidemiological Study","authors":"Mastore Rahimi, G. Roshanaei, J. Faradmal, Bayazid Ghaderi, L. Moradi","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.111506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.111506","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stomach cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world and first cancer in Iran. The northern and northwestern regions of the country are areas with a high prevalence of gastrointestinal cancers, especially gastric cancer. Different factors are effective in the incidence of this cancer. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of gastric cancer. Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study. All patients referred to Tohid Hospital in Sanandaj between 2012 and 2018 were examined. Data were extracted using patients' medical records. Descriptive information was collected through SPSS software, and the results were analyzed. Results: The number of patients in this study was 553. The mean age was 66.9 years, and the highest age group was 60 - 80 years. Four hundred twelve patients were male, and 141 were female. In 50% of patients, the location of the cardiac tumor was gastric. Chemotherapy was the most common treatment in more than 60% of patients. Conclusions: The results of this study show that smoking is unfortunately high in patients in this province. An educational intervention to quit smoking is recommended. Smoking is an important risk factor for gastric cancer, and this intervention may also be effective in reducing the incidence of this disease.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"58 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91467464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. A. Ashtiani, Amirreza Noori Garmroodi, E. Hazrati
{"title":"A Review of Management Methods and Modern Treatments for Chemical Wounds","authors":"H. A. Ashtiani, Amirreza Noori Garmroodi, E. Hazrati","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.112029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.112029","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82791585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Military organizations like civilian communities are under considerable threat due to COVID-19 and other re-emerging infectious diseases, which may impair their operations and training. The aim of this review was to discuss the application of RT-PCR technology for detecting and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 among armed forces to successfully halt COVID-19 transmission. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant literature was collected from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar Results: By combining both detection and quantification of pathogens, RT-PCR provides a reliable and sensitive method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 via targeting the viral ORF1ab, E, and N genes. Military surveillance plays an important role in the early detection and identification of positive cases, isolating infected patients, contact tracing, and quarantine to contain the spread of the disease among personnel. This technology emerges as a suitable tool for disease surveillance in the military and early detection and control of diseases. Conclusions: The COVID-19 disease has spread into different parts of the world and may affect military training and operations. So, there is a need for active disease surveillance and preparedness plans in the military. Accordingly, RT-PCR, as a standard tool for SARS-CoV-2 detection, can be used for the surveillance and monitoring of military personnel to successfully curtail COVID-19.
{"title":"Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) as a Tool for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Surveillance in the Military","authors":"Idris Zubairu Sadiq","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.111603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.111603","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Military organizations like civilian communities are under considerable threat due to COVID-19 and other re-emerging infectious diseases, which may impair their operations and training. The aim of this review was to discuss the application of RT-PCR technology for detecting and surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 among armed forces to successfully halt COVID-19 transmission. Evidence Acquisition: Relevant literature was collected from PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar Results: By combining both detection and quantification of pathogens, RT-PCR provides a reliable and sensitive method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 via targeting the viral ORF1ab, E, and N genes. Military surveillance plays an important role in the early detection and identification of positive cases, isolating infected patients, contact tracing, and quarantine to contain the spread of the disease among personnel. This technology emerges as a suitable tool for disease surveillance in the military and early detection and control of diseases. Conclusions: The COVID-19 disease has spread into different parts of the world and may affect military training and operations. So, there is a need for active disease surveillance and preparedness plans in the military. Accordingly, RT-PCR, as a standard tool for SARS-CoV-2 detection, can be used for the surveillance and monitoring of military personnel to successfully curtail COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75017379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Numerous studies have indicated that vitamin D can modulate the immune system and plays an important role in regulating immune cells’ functions. Some clinical studies have assessed the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cytokine markers in multiple sclerosis (MS) as a disease in which the immune system’s function is disrupted. Evidence Acquisition: This study was designed to assess randomized clinical trial studies evaluating the overall effect of vitamin D on the levels of IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ in MS patients. Methods: We searched PubMed and Scopus online databases up to November 2020 for relevant randomized clinical trial studies by using certain keywords. Eight studies from 273 articles, with a total sample of 443 participants, were considered Results: The meta-analysis indicated that vitamin D consumption did not significantly change the levels of IL-10 (WMD : -174.56, 95% CI: -373.10 to 23.98), IL-17 (WMD : -0.11, 95% CI: -0.54.10 to 0.33), or IFN-γ (WMD : 61.47, 95% CI: 43.96 to 78.98) in MS patients. Conclusions: Further clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplement on IL-10 and IL-17, and INFγ levels in MS patients.
{"title":"Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"S. Mehrabadi, E. Zahedi","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.112426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.112426","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Numerous studies have indicated that vitamin D can modulate the immune system and plays an important role in regulating immune cells’ functions. Some clinical studies have assessed the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cytokine markers in multiple sclerosis (MS) as a disease in which the immune system’s function is disrupted. Evidence Acquisition: This study was designed to assess randomized clinical trial studies evaluating the overall effect of vitamin D on the levels of IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ in MS patients. Methods: We searched PubMed and Scopus online databases up to November 2020 for relevant randomized clinical trial studies by using certain keywords. Eight studies from 273 articles, with a total sample of 443 participants, were considered Results: The meta-analysis indicated that vitamin D consumption did not significantly change the levels of IL-10 (WMD : -174.56, 95% CI: -373.10 to 23.98), IL-17 (WMD : -0.11, 95% CI: -0.54.10 to 0.33), or IFN-γ (WMD : 61.47, 95% CI: 43.96 to 78.98) in MS patients. Conclusions: Further clinical trials are warranted to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplement on IL-10 and IL-17, and INFγ levels in MS patients.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88326925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nasrin Talkhi, N. Esmaeilzadeh, M. Shakeri, Zahra Pasdar
Background: The basic reproduction number (R0) is an epidemic threshold parameter that indicates the magnitude of disease transmission and thus allows suggestions for the planning of control measures. Objectives: Our aim in this study was to compare different approaches for estimating R0 in the early stage of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and discern the best-fitting model. Methods: The dataset was derived from cumulative laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases from 26th February to 30th May 2020 in Iran. The methods of exponential growth (EG) rate, maximum likelihood (ML), time-dependent (TD) reproduction number, attack rate (AR), and sequential Bayesian (SB) model were used. The gamma distribution (mean 4.41 ± 3.17 days) was used for serial interval (SI) distribution. The best-fitting method was selected according to the lowest root mean square error (RMSE). Results: We obtained the following estimated R0 [95% confidence interval]: 1.55 [1.54; 1.55], 1.46 [1.45; 1.46], 1.31 [1.30; 1.32], and 1.40 [1.39; 1.41] using EG, ML, TD, and SB methods, respectively. Additionally, the EG and ML methods showed an overestimation of R0, and the SB method showed to be under-fitting in the estimation of R0. The AR method estimated R0 equal to one. The TD method had the lowest RMSE. Conclusions: The simulated and actual R0 of TD showed that this method had a good fit for actual data and the lowest RMSE. Therefore, the TD method is the most appropriate method with the best performance in estimating actual R0 values.
{"title":"Comparison of Different Approaches in Estimating Initial Reproduction Number of SARS-CoV-2 in the Islamic Republic of Iran","authors":"Nasrin Talkhi, N. Esmaeilzadeh, M. Shakeri, Zahra Pasdar","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.113224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.113224","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The basic reproduction number (R0) is an epidemic threshold parameter that indicates the magnitude of disease transmission and thus allows suggestions for the planning of control measures. Objectives: Our aim in this study was to compare different approaches for estimating R0 in the early stage of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and discern the best-fitting model. Methods: The dataset was derived from cumulative laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases from 26th February to 30th May 2020 in Iran. The methods of exponential growth (EG) rate, maximum likelihood (ML), time-dependent (TD) reproduction number, attack rate (AR), and sequential Bayesian (SB) model were used. The gamma distribution (mean 4.41 ± 3.17 days) was used for serial interval (SI) distribution. The best-fitting method was selected according to the lowest root mean square error (RMSE). Results: We obtained the following estimated R0 [95% confidence interval]: 1.55 [1.54; 1.55], 1.46 [1.45; 1.46], 1.31 [1.30; 1.32], and 1.40 [1.39; 1.41] using EG, ML, TD, and SB methods, respectively. Additionally, the EG and ML methods showed an overestimation of R0, and the SB method showed to be under-fitting in the estimation of R0. The AR method estimated R0 equal to one. The TD method had the lowest RMSE. Conclusions: The simulated and actual R0 of TD showed that this method had a good fit for actual data and the lowest RMSE. Therefore, the TD method is the most appropriate method with the best performance in estimating actual R0 values.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81527177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Kmet, M. Poljak, M. Rajter, Tanja Selič, Z. Baklan, E. Pal, M. Maticic
Background: To prevent the spread of infectious diseases, several state armies implemented obligatory vaccination programs also practiced in the former Yugoslav National Army (YNA). Iatrogenic hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmissions during vaccinations in the armies were well documented, but to the best of our knowledge, no such study has been performed in the former Yugoslavia. Objectives: In the present study, we determined risk factors for acquiring chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in patients in Slovenia. This study focused on the detection of a statistically significant risk factor in males, namely “vaccination in the YNA”. Methods: One thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine patients from all Slovenian regions who tested positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) at the national referential laboratory for viral hepatitis diagnostics between January 1997 and December 2010 were included retrospectively. Accordingly, demographic, epidemiological, virological, and clinical data were extracted from the medical documentation and were statistically analyzed. Results: For 1,122 (64.9%) out of 1,729 patients, data regarding risk factors for acquiring HBV infection were available. The risk factor for infection of almost 60% of HBV chronically infected individuals with available data, followed by “HBV infection in the family” (19.8%) and “blood/blood products transfusion before the nineties” (8%) was unknown. Seven males (0.6%) (mean age ± SD, 53.7 ± 4.50 years) reported “vaccination in the YNA” as a risk factor for acquiring chronic HBV infection. “Vaccination in the YNA” was a significant risk factor for CHB infection in men over 46 years of age (P = 0.006). Conclusions: A significant risk factor for infection in Slovenian men over 46 years of age was identified as “vaccination in the YNA”, which is specific to this geographic region and, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously described in the peer-reviewed literature.
{"title":"Vaccination in the Yugoslav National Army: A Significant Risk Factor for Acquiring Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection During Army Service in the Former Yugoslavia","authors":"N. Kmet, M. Poljak, M. Rajter, Tanja Selič, Z. Baklan, E. Pal, M. Maticic","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.111950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.111950","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To prevent the spread of infectious diseases, several state armies implemented obligatory vaccination programs also practiced in the former Yugoslav National Army (YNA). Iatrogenic hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmissions during vaccinations in the armies were well documented, but to the best of our knowledge, no such study has been performed in the former Yugoslavia. Objectives: In the present study, we determined risk factors for acquiring chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection in patients in Slovenia. This study focused on the detection of a statistically significant risk factor in males, namely “vaccination in the YNA”. Methods: One thousand seven hundred and twenty-nine patients from all Slovenian regions who tested positive for HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) at the national referential laboratory for viral hepatitis diagnostics between January 1997 and December 2010 were included retrospectively. Accordingly, demographic, epidemiological, virological, and clinical data were extracted from the medical documentation and were statistically analyzed. Results: For 1,122 (64.9%) out of 1,729 patients, data regarding risk factors for acquiring HBV infection were available. The risk factor for infection of almost 60% of HBV chronically infected individuals with available data, followed by “HBV infection in the family” (19.8%) and “blood/blood products transfusion before the nineties” (8%) was unknown. Seven males (0.6%) (mean age ± SD, 53.7 ± 4.50 years) reported “vaccination in the YNA” as a risk factor for acquiring chronic HBV infection. “Vaccination in the YNA” was a significant risk factor for CHB infection in men over 46 years of age (P = 0.006). Conclusions: A significant risk factor for infection in Slovenian men over 46 years of age was identified as “vaccination in the YNA”, which is specific to this geographic region and, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously described in the peer-reviewed literature.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84898624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: As cyberspace expands and globalizes, we are experiencing a new layer of threats to governments in the form of cyber threats that have impacted various facets of national security, including social, economic, military, and political security. As a result, in the form of electronic warfare, it has developed a new kind of war and conflict. Therefore, it has impacted international security, necessitating solutions to minimize the harm caused by this form of threat and preserve international security. So, network security has brought to light some of the underlying tensions between international rivalry and cybersecurity cooperation. Thus, the current study employs a descriptive-analytical method to investigate and analyze the role of international organizations, especially the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, in the development of cyberspace security. The hypothesis raised in this study is that since governments are increasingly relying on unilateral policies and resources to ensure cyber protection, international organizations should play an active role in shaping cooperation among their members in the form of approaches focused on international cooperation on cybersecurity and the prevention of cyber threats, as well as the development of a global cybersecurity system.
{"title":"Security in Cyberspace in the Field of International Relations","authors":"M. Abbasi","doi":"10.5812/JAMM.114485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/JAMM.114485","url":null,"abstract":": As cyberspace expands and globalizes, we are experiencing a new layer of threats to governments in the form of cyber threats that have impacted various facets of national security, including social, economic, military, and political security. As a result, in the form of electronic warfare, it has developed a new kind of war and conflict. Therefore, it has impacted international security, necessitating solutions to minimize the harm caused by this form of threat and preserve international security. So, network security has brought to light some of the underlying tensions between international rivalry and cybersecurity cooperation. Thus, the current study employs a descriptive-analytical method to investigate and analyze the role of international organizations, especially the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, in the development of cyberspace security. The hypothesis raised in this study is that since governments are increasingly relying on unilateral policies and resources to ensure cyber protection, international organizations should play an active role in shaping cooperation among their members in the form of approaches focused on international cooperation on cybersecurity and the prevention of cyber threats, as well as the development of a global cybersecurity system.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74125466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yarahmadi, Mohammad Gholami, Tayebeh Cheraghian
{"title":"Establishment of a Monitoring Clinic Based on Wearables for Patients with Heart Failure","authors":"S. Yarahmadi, Mohammad Gholami, Tayebeh Cheraghian","doi":"10.5812/jamm.110456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm.110456","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89676265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomaz Talarico Neto, Higino Carlos Hahns Júnior, M. Minelli, José Mauricio Magraner Paixão dos Santos, Marcos Corrêa Junior, Y. Bella, Fernanda Galante, Cesar Baraldi Gonella, Leandro Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo Martinelli Júnior, H. Tourinho Filho
Background: Military police training should characterize the necessary abilities to conduct their activities with excellence. Biochemical parameters have a significant role in the performance of individuals and, therefore, are of crucial importance when trying to improve the teamwork of police officers, particularly for special operations groups. Hence, the use of laboratory analysis in activities that cause great physiological stress is of paramount importance. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the profile of steroid hormones and the sex hormone-binding-globulin of soldiers belonging to a special operations force. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, blood samples of 75 volunteers collected after 12 hours of fasting are analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation) and compared to the reference values for each biomarker, referencing each individual in their age group. Results: Most of the participants presented adequate concentrations for their respective ages in relation to the data analyzed. Even the inclusion of individuals from different age groups did not change the good results found in the group. Conclusions: The positive results found in such a heterogeneous group with respect to age group can be attributed to an extremely rigorous selection process and a training program that elevates them to the rank of elite soldiers of the military police.
{"title":"Profile of Steroid Hormones and sex Hormone-Binding Globulin of Elite Soldiers","authors":"Thomaz Talarico Neto, Higino Carlos Hahns Júnior, M. Minelli, José Mauricio Magraner Paixão dos Santos, Marcos Corrêa Junior, Y. Bella, Fernanda Galante, Cesar Baraldi Gonella, Leandro Ferreira, Carlos Eduardo Martinelli Júnior, H. Tourinho Filho","doi":"10.5812/jamm.110360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm.110360","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Military police training should characterize the necessary abilities to conduct their activities with excellence. Biochemical parameters have a significant role in the performance of individuals and, therefore, are of crucial importance when trying to improve the teamwork of police officers, particularly for special operations groups. Hence, the use of laboratory analysis in activities that cause great physiological stress is of paramount importance. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the profile of steroid hormones and the sex hormone-binding-globulin of soldiers belonging to a special operations force. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, blood samples of 75 volunteers collected after 12 hours of fasting are analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation) and compared to the reference values for each biomarker, referencing each individual in their age group. Results: Most of the participants presented adequate concentrations for their respective ages in relation to the data analyzed. Even the inclusion of individuals from different age groups did not change the good results found in the group. Conclusions: The positive results found in such a heterogeneous group with respect to age group can be attributed to an extremely rigorous selection process and a training program that elevates them to the rank of elite soldiers of the military police.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"3 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89657557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Nazari, M. Saki, S. Yarahmadi, Zoherh Mohammadi
Background: Psychiatric disorders are common and impose a huge burden globally. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients referring to a psychiatric clinic in Lorestan. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients referring to a psychiatric clinic in Lorestan province Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with all people aged 18 years or older. Participants were selected by a convenience sampling method. Diagnostic interviews based on DSM-5 were held for 750 patients who were administered between January and June 2018. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using absolute frequency, relative frequency, mean, and chi-square test. Results: Women included 53% of the study sample. The most prevalent psychiatric disorders were anxiety (35.3%) and mood disorders (31.5%). Depression was the most prevalent mood disorder (63.6%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (60%). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was higher in people aged 21-30 (28.5%), the illiterate or primary education group (52.4%), housekeepers (29.5%), and married ones (51.8%). Conclusions: The majority of the patients referring to the psychiatric clinic suffered from mood and anxiety disorders. Therefore, public health authorities of the province need to take steps to warrant necessary measures, including mental health promotion policies, to improve the mental health status and prevent anxiety and mood disorders.
背景:精神疾病很常见，在全球范围内造成了巨大的负担。这项研究的目的是检查在Lorestan精神病诊所就诊的患者中精神疾病的患病率。目的:本研究旨在调查在Lorestan省精神病诊所就诊的患者中精神障碍的患病率。方法:对所有18岁及以上的患者进行横断面研究。研究对象采用方便抽样法进行选择。在2018年1月至6月期间，对750名患者进行了基于DSM-5的诊断访谈。收集的数据采用SPSS version 22进行绝对频率、相对频率、均值和卡方检验。结果:女性占研究样本的53%。最常见的精神障碍是焦虑(35.3%)和心境障碍(31.5%)。抑郁症是最常见的情绪障碍(63.6%)，其次是广泛性焦虑症(60%)。精神障碍患病率在21-30岁人群(28.5%)、文盲或小学教育人群(52.4%)、家庭主妇(29.5%)和已婚人群(51.8%)中较高。结论:精神科门诊就诊的大部分患者存在情绪和焦虑障碍。因此，该省的公共卫生当局需要采取措施，确保必要的措施，包括促进心理健康的政策，以改善心理健康状况，预防焦虑和情绪障碍。
{"title":"Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Patients Referring to a Psychiatric Clinic in Lorestan Province, West of Iran","authors":"H. Nazari, M. Saki, S. Yarahmadi, Zoherh Mohammadi","doi":"10.5812/jamm.108729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm.108729","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychiatric disorders are common and impose a huge burden globally. The study aimed to examine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients referring to a psychiatric clinic in Lorestan. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients referring to a psychiatric clinic in Lorestan province Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with all people aged 18 years or older. Participants were selected by a convenience sampling method. Diagnostic interviews based on DSM-5 were held for 750 patients who were administered between January and June 2018. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 22 using absolute frequency, relative frequency, mean, and chi-square test. Results: Women included 53% of the study sample. The most prevalent psychiatric disorders were anxiety (35.3%) and mood disorders (31.5%). Depression was the most prevalent mood disorder (63.6%), followed by generalized anxiety disorder (60%). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was higher in people aged 21-30 (28.5%), the illiterate or primary education group (52.4%), housekeepers (29.5%), and married ones (51.8%). Conclusions: The majority of the patients referring to the psychiatric clinic suffered from mood and anxiety disorders. Therefore, public health authorities of the province need to take steps to warrant necessary measures, including mental health promotion policies, to improve the mental health status and prevent anxiety and mood disorders.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78911377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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