Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第5页

Nesolynx banabitanae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), a new species of hyperparasitoid wasp from West Bengal, India, with SEM analysis of antennal sensilla 印度西孟加拉邦高寄生蜂一新种（膜翅目：蜂科：四蜂科）触角感器的扫描电镜分析

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102489

Arnob Chakrovorty , Neveen S. Gadallah , Banani Bhattacharjee , Arjan Basu Roy , Sutrishna Halder , Yuanyuan Han

In the present study a fourth trophic level, plant-host-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid interaction has been recorded. A new species of the genus Nesolynx Ashmead, 1905 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae), Nesolynx banabitanae Gadallah, Chakrovorty & Basu Roy has been discovered from West Bengal, India. The new species is described and illustrated using light microscopy photographs, scanning electron microscopy photographs and line diagrams. It has been recorded as a new hyperparasitoid of the lepidopteran koinobiont endoparasitoid Charops aditya Gupta and Maheshwary, 1971 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae: Campoplegini). The caterpillar of common palmfly butterfly, Elymnias hypermnestra (Linnaeus, 1763) (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Elymniini) and the common castor butterfly, Ariadne merione (Cramer, 1777) (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae: Biblidini) are also recorded here as new lepidopteran hosts of Charops aditya. Furthermore, the antennal sensilla of Nesolynx banabitanae Gadallah, Chakrovorty & Basu Roy are described. Sensilla Basiconica Capitate Peg (SBCP), Sensilla Chaetica (SCH), Sensilla Placodea (SP), Sensilla Trichodea (ST), Sensilla Styloconica (SST), and Microtrichia (MT) are among the six types of sensilla observed on the antennae of both the sexes. Eleven subtypes of sensilla were identified, and the similarities and differences between the sexes were examined.

ZOOBANK Publication ID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F3C4054D-B39F-4C15-BCAF-359E670AE581.

在本研究的第四个营养水平，植物-寄主-寄主-超寄主相互作用已被记录。在印度西孟加拉邦发现一新种（膜翅目：蜂蜂科：四蜂科），Nesolynx banabitanae Gadallah, Chakrovorty & Basu Roy)。利用光学显微镜照片、扫描电子显微镜照片和线形图对新种进行了描述和说明。它被记录为鳞翅目koinobione内寄生类Charops aditya Gupta和Maheshwary， 1971（膜翅目：姬蜂科：假蜂科：假蜂科）的一种新的超寄生性昆虫。常见棕榈蛱蝶的毛虫Elymnias hypermnestra (Linnaeus, 1763)（蛱蝶科：Satyrinae: Elymniini）和常见蓖麻蛱蝶的毛虫Ariadne merione (Cramer, 1777)（蛱蝶科：Biblidinae: Biblidini）也被记录为Charops aditya鳞翅目新寄主。此外，还描述了Nesolynx banabitanae Gadallah， Chakrovorty和Basu Roy的触角感觉器。在两性触角上观察到的6种感觉器分别为Basiconica Capitate Peg （SBCP）、senilla Chaetica （SCH）、senilla Placodea （SP）、senilla Trichodea （ST）、senilla Styloconica （SST）和Microtrichia （MT）。鉴定了11个感受器亚型，并分析了两性之间的异同。ZOOBANK出版ID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F3C4054D-B39F-4C15-BCAF-359E670AE581。

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引用次数: 0

Histological and molecular analysis of selenium synergistic RNAi of Dynamin gene in Bombyx mori 家蚕动力蛋白基因硒协同RNAi的组织学和分子分析

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102486

Run-Hui Ma , Ting-Ting Hong , Fei Hu , Kiran Thakur , Zhao-Jun Wei

Selenium (Se) is an essential element for animals, regulating various biochemical processes as well as growth and development. Our previous study showed that 50 μM Se significantly affected the silkworm, Bombyx mori by targeting dynamin, a key endocytosis protein, at 24 h. Here, we explored the hemolymph metabolite levels and silk gland gene expression in B. mori under different treatments. Non-targeted metabolomics analyses revealed 297 differential metabolites (80 up-regulated and 217 down-regulated) in the dynamin knockdown group and 295(204 up and 91 down) in the Se additive group, including amino acids, sugars, lipids, nucleotide metabolites, and their derivatives. The knockdown enhanced aspartate biosynthetic but weakened glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle, purine metabolism, alanine and glutamate metabolic pathways. In contrast, Se significantly enhanced glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle, purine metabolism, and alanine,/aspartate/ glutamate pathways while inhibiting lysine biosynthesis. Transcriptomic analysis of the silk gland identified 705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (320 up and 385 down) in the knockdown group and 2907 DEGs (2714 up and 193 down) in the Se group. Knockdown affected protein processing, MAPK signaling, and endocytosis, while Se impacted glutathione metabolism, spliceosome, and peroxisomal pathways. These DEGs are linked to protein processing, energy provision, and antioxidants. This study elucidates the metabolic and transcriptional changes due to Se-associated RNAi stress (dynamin knockdown) on silkworms, highlighting their roles in key physiological processes.

硒（Se）是动物体内必需的元素，调节多种生化过程和生长发育。我们之前的研究表明，50 μM Se对家蚕（Bombyx mori） 24 h内噬作用的关键蛋白动力蛋白（dynamin）产生了显著影响。本研究探讨了不同处理下家蚕血淋巴代谢物水平和蚕丝腺基因表达的变化。非靶向代谢组学分析显示，动力蛋白敲低组有297种差异代谢物（80种上调，217种下调），硒添加组有295种差异代谢物（204种上调，91种下调），包括氨基酸、糖、脂质、核苷酸代谢物及其衍生物。基因敲低增强了天冬氨酸的生物合成，但减弱了糖酵解/糖异生、TCA循环、嘌呤代谢、丙氨酸和谷氨酸代谢途径。相反，硒显著增强糖酵解/糖异生、TCA循环、嘌呤代谢和丙氨酸/天冬氨酸/谷氨酸途径，同时抑制赖氨酸的生物合成。对丝腺转录组学分析发现，敲除组有705个差异表达基因（deg），向上表达320个，向下表达385个；Se组有2907个差异表达基因（deg），向上表达2714个，向下表达193个。基因敲低影响蛋白加工、MAPK信号传导和内吞作用，而硒影响谷胱甘肽代谢、剪接体和过氧化物酶体途径。这些deg与蛋白质加工、能量供应和抗氧化剂有关。本研究阐明了硒相关RNAi应激（动力蛋白敲低）对家蚕代谢和转录的影响，强调了它们在关键生理过程中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Shifts in populations of endangered and vulnerable butterfly species across South Korea: Impacts of global warming and habitat alterations 韩国濒危和脆弱蝴蝶种群的变化：全球变暖和栖息地改变的影响

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102487

Sung-Soo Kim , Tae-Sung Kwon , Go-Eun Park , Gyeong-Yeon Lee , Ilju Yang , Young-Joon Lee , Jung-Dal Sohn , Sang-Kyu Sohn , Wan-Ki Min , Sei-Woong Choi

Insect populations are declining rapidly, and butterflies are no exception. This study examined 48 butterfly species in South Korea that are either classified as vulnerable due to population decline or are legally designated as protected species by the Ministry of Environment. Using survey records spanning from 1928 to 2024, we analyzed long-term trends in their distribution patterns. We identified 15 species that have undergone range contractions. Three species—Aporia crataegi, Plebejus subsolanus, and Burara striata—have not been seen since 1998, with Bayesian analysis indicating they are almost certainly extinct locally. A binomial regression model incorporating three explanatory variables—wingspan, species temperature index (STI), and habitat type—identified the latter two as significant factors for the survival of endangered and vulnerable species. These species exhibited markedly lower STI values and a greater tendency to inhabit open habitats compared with others. These findings suggest that warming and habitat shifts are contributing to the decline in butterfly populations.

昆虫的数量正在迅速减少，蝴蝶也不例外。此次研究以国内48种因数量减少而被分类为脆弱物种或被环境部指定为法定保护物种的蝴蝶为对象进行了调查。利用1928年至2024年的调查记录，我们分析了它们分布模式的长期趋势。我们确定了15个物种经历了范围收缩。自1998年以来，有3个物种——大腹虫、太阳下的Plebejus和纹腹虫——再也没有被发现过，贝叶斯分析表明它们几乎肯定已经在当地灭绝了。采用翼展、物种温度指数（STI）和栖息地类型3个解释变量的二项回归模型，发现后两个变量是影响濒危和脆弱物种生存的重要因素。与其他物种相比，这些物种的STI值明显较低，更倾向于居住在开阔的栖息地。这些发现表明，气候变暖和栖息地的变化是导致蝴蝶数量下降的原因。

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引用次数: 0

Field evidence of Plesiochrysa ramburi (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) establishment and predation on invasive mealybugs in the Sakishima Islands, Japan 在日本咲岛群岛，野蛾（神经翅目：野蛾科）的建立和捕食入侵粉蚧的野外证据

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102488

Masayuki Hayashi , Yuta Owashi , Tatsuya Yoshida

Spreading invasive pest insects cause substantial agricultural damage worldwide. Their natural enemies can also expand their distributions, thus presenting potential opportunities for biological control. The green lacewing Plesiochrysa ramburi (Schneider), widely distributed from Southeast Asia to Australia, Polynesia, and Micronesia, has potential as a natural enemy for agricultural pest control owing to its predation on economically important pest mealybugs. Only a few specimens have been recorded in Japan in recent years, and the species’ ecological characteristics in the region remain poorly understood. Here, we recorded multiple adults and immatures—eggs, larvae, and pupae—of P. ramburi associated with invasive pest mealybugs in the Sakishima Islands, Japan. Collection of the lacewings from multiple sites on Ishigaki Island and their observation on Miyako Island, over 100 km away, confirms widespread establishment in the region. Immature stages were closely associated with colonies of three invasive mealybug species, Paracoccus marginatus, Phenacoccus solenopsis, and Maconellicoccus hirsutus. Larvae of P. ramburi, covered with wax secretions from their prey, were observed preying on the mealybugs. We discuss the potential for P. ramburi to continue expanding its distribution and its potential as a natural enemy for pest control in Japan.

入侵性害虫的传播在世界范围内造成了巨大的农业损失。它们的天敌也可以扩大它们的分布，从而为生物防治提供了潜在的机会。绿草草Plesiochrysa ramburi （Schneider）广泛分布于东南亚至澳大利亚、波利尼西亚和密克罗尼西亚，因其捕食具有重要经济意义的粉蚧而成为农业害虫防治的潜在天敌。近年来，日本只记录了少数标本，该地区物种的生态特征仍然知之甚少。在日本的Sakishima群岛，我们记录了与入侵害虫粉蚧相关的P. ramburi的多个成虫和未成熟虫的卵、幼虫和蛹。从石垣岛多个地点收集草蛉，并在100多公里外的宫古岛观察草蛉，证实在该地区广泛存在。未成熟阶段与三种入侵粉蚧的菌落密切相关，即边缘副球菌、扶桑绵粉球菌和毛毛单胞球菌。观察到被其猎物分泌的蜡状分泌物覆盖的兰布氏夜蛾幼虫捕食粉蚧。我们讨论了在日本继续扩大其分布的潜力及其作为害虫控制天敌的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Presence of a queen (Apis mellifera) reduces the sensitivity of worker bees to environmental risks 蜂王（蜜蜂）的存在降低了工蜂对环境风险的敏感性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102485

De Fang Niu , Qiu Lan Zheng , Bin Yuan , Xiao Ling Su , Cui Ping Zhang , Yuan Yuan Lu , Ping Liu , Fu Liang Hu , Huo Qing Zheng

In honeybees (Apis mellifera), the queen is the central node of the colony; however, the mechanisms through which her presence mitigates the colony’s collective vulnerability to environmental stressors are not well understood. This study investigates the importance of within-colony interactions, particularly the interactions between the queen and worker bees, on colony development under environmental stress. Compared to worker bees in queenless colonies, the presence of a queen resulted in higher survival rates and food intake when exposed to 450 μg/mL of tetracycline. The queen also modulated antioxidant responses, particularly enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the presence of a queen downregulated the expression of genes involved in the Toll-like receptor (Toll) and Immune deficiency (Imd) pathways, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and retinol metabolism in individual worker bees. These results indicate that interactions between queen and worker bees strengthen their immunity and increase the response threshold to environmental stress. Therefore, individual interactions should be included in environmental risk assessments, especially for superorganisms such as honeybees.

在蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）中，蜂王是群体的中心节点；然而，她的存在减轻了群体对环境压力的集体脆弱性的机制尚不清楚。本研究探讨了环境压力下蜂群内部相互作用，特别是蜂王与工蜂之间的相互作用对蜂群发展的重要性。与无蜂王的工蜂相比，当暴露于450 μg/mL的四环素中时，蜂王的存在导致了更高的存活率和食物摄入量。女王还可以调节抗氧化反应，特别是提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。转录组分析表明，蜂王的存在下调了工蜂个体中Toll样受体（Toll）和免疫缺陷（Imd）途径、抗坏血酸和醛酸盐代谢以及视黄醇代谢相关基因的表达。这些结果表明，蜂王与工蜂的相互作用增强了蜂王的免疫力，提高了蜂王对环境压力的反应阈值。因此，个体的相互作用应包括在环境风险评估中，特别是对于像蜜蜂这样的超级有机体。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-mode evaluation of five essential oils for rapid knockdown and seed protection against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) 五种精油快速抑菌和种子保护作用的双模式评价（鞘翅目：金曲蝇科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102483

Hilal Susurluk , Umut Toprak

This study evaluated the chemical composition, fumigant toxicity, and residual efficacy of five commercial essential oils (EOs), Origanum vulgare (L.) (Lamiaceae), Syzygium aromaticum (L.) (Myrtaceae), Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (Myrtaceae), Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) (Lamiaceae), and Lavandula angustifolia Miller (Lamiaceae), against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) under laboratory conditions. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified the dominant compound in each essential oil: carvacrol in O. vulgare, eugenol in S. aromaticum, 1,8-cineole in E. globulus, α-pinene in R. officinalis, and linalool in L. angustifolia. Fumigant bioassays revealed that L. angustifolia exhibited the fastest and most potent adulticidal effect, with 100 % mortality at 1.5 µL within 24 h. In post-infestation trials, R. officinalis provided the highest suppression of adult emergence (99.05 %), followed by O. vulgare and E. globulus. Pre-infestation treatments revealed that O. vulgare completely prevented adult emergence and seed damage across all concentrations, even after 45 days. The results highlight both the acute and long-lasting protective actions of EOs, suggesting their suitability as eco-friendly alternatives for managing A. obtectus in stored beans.

本研究评估了五种商业精油（EOs）的化学成分、熏蒸毒性和残留功效。（Lamiaceae）， Syzygium aromaticum （L.）（桃金娘科），蓝桉。（桃金娘科），迷迭香（Lamiaceae）和Lavandula angustifolia Miller （Lamiaceae）在实验室条件下对抗棘虫（Say, 1831）（鞘翅目：金曲蝇科）。气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析鉴定出各挥发油的优势成分为：芫荽中的香芹醇、香樟中的丁香酚、金莲中的1,8-桉叶脑、山茱萸中的α-蒎烯和刺叶中的芳樟醇。熏蒸剂的生物测定结果表明，油叶菊的杀虫效果最快，24 h内1.5µL的杀虫率为100%，对成虫羽化的抑制效果最好，达99.05%，其次是黄叶菊和球叶菊。侵染前处理表明，即使在45天后，在所有浓度的情况下，臭草都能完全阻止成虫的羽化和种子的破坏。结果强调了EOs的急性和长期保护作用，表明它们适合作为管理储存豆子中的A. obtectus的环保替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling the efficacy of a novel strain of Beauveria brongniartii to manage Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in China 揭示了一株新菌株对高桥白僵菌（siobion miscanthi）和帕达蚜（Rhopalosiphum padi）的防治效果（半翅目：蚜虫科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102484

Xujun Tian , Saige Zhu , Xiao Ran , Xinan Li , Xiangrui Li , Yunhui Zhang , Rongyu Li , Xun Zhu

Wheat aphids, including Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi) and Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), inflict serious damage to wheat crops. Consequently, it is necessary to find a new management option to reduce the damage caused by aphids. Entomopathogenic fungi serve as a tool to control the aphid population build-up. The current study explores a new entomopathogenic fungus that, infests S. miscanthi in China. Using morphological and molecular methods, the isolated colonies were identified as Beauveria brongniartii Sacc. (Petc) (Ascomycota: Cordycypitaceae). Bioassay studies with purified conidial suspensions further confirmed the infectivity to the adult wheat aphids. The results showed that after 6 days of treatment with a conidia concentration of 1.0 × 10⁷ spores/mL, the mortality rates of S. miscanti and R. padi were 97.78 % and 91.11 %, respectively. However, 52.22 % of S. miscanthi and 47.78 % of R. padi adults survived after 7 days of exposure to a conidia concentration of 1.0 × 10³ spores/mL of B. brongniartii. Additionally, the semi-lethal time decreased with the increase of conidia concentration of the strain. To further understand and enhance the value of B. brongniartii, we performed whole-genome sequencing and an analysis of its strain. The genome length was 2,295,663,102 bp and 316 contigs, with an average length of 7,264,756.71 bp. Moreover, database alignment identified 455 CAZyme, 1643 TCDB, and 2850 PHI genes. The current study also explored five surface proteins of B. brongniartii Y618 that worked best against wheat aphids. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the pathogenicity of B. brongniartii against wheat aphids, and it could serve as a potential candidate for an integrated pest management plan.

小麦蚜虫，包括高桥蚜虫（Sitobion miscanthi）和林奈蚜虫（Rhopalosiphum padi），对小麦作物造成严重危害。因此，有必要寻找一种新的管理方法来减少蚜虫造成的危害。昆虫病原真菌是控制蚜虫种群积累的一种工具。本研究探索了一种新的昆虫病原真菌，侵染中国的miscanthi。通过形态学和分子学方法鉴定分离菌落为长春藤白僵菌。子囊菌纲：虫草科。纯化的分生孢子悬浮液进一步证实了该菌对小麦蚜虫的侵染能力。结果表明，在分生孢子浓度为1.0 × 107孢子/mL的条件下，处理6 d后，miscanti和padi的死亡率分别为97.78%和91.11%。而当孢子浓度为1.0 × 103孢子/mL时，7 d后，miscanthi成虫存活率为52.22%，padi成虫存活率为47.78%。半致死时间随菌株分生孢子浓度的增加而缩短。为了进一步了解和提高该菌株的价值，我们对该菌株进行了全基因组测序和分析。基因组长度为2,295,663,102 bp，共316个contigs，平均长度为7,264,756.71 bp。此外，数据库比对鉴定出455个CAZyme、1643个TCDB和2850个PHI基因。目前的研究还发现了5种对小麦蚜虫最有效的布朗氏螺旋体Y618表面蛋白。据我们所知，这是第一次报道长曲螺旋体对小麦蚜虫的致病性，它可以作为一个潜在的候选害虫综合治理计划。

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引用次数: 0

Can aromatic and medicinal plants effectively control Tylenchulus semipenetrans? Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies 芳香和药用植物是否能有效防治半透叶菊？来自体外和体内研究的证据

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102482

Btissam Zoubi , Fouad Mokrini , Meriem Rafya , Abderrazak Benkebboura , Oumaima Akachoud , Ghizlane Krif , Ghoulam Cherki , Abdelilah Iraqi Housseini , Ahmed Qaddoury

Tylenchulus semipenetrans is a highly damaging obligate plant parasitic nematode (PPN) that poses a significant threat to citrus crops. The use of chemical nematicides has proven effective in reducing T. semipenetrans populations; however, repeated use can have negative environmental impacts, necessitating the adoption of more ecological strategies. The current study aimed to evaluate the nematicidal effect of three aromatic and medicinal plants (AMPs), Rosmarinus officinalis, Laurus nobilis and Verbena officinalis against T. semipenetrans in terms of juvenile J2 mortality and eggs hatch inhibition under greenhouse and laboratory conditions. The results showed that all AMPs aqueous extracts exhibited toxicity against T. semipenetrans, with J2 mortality ranging between 25.85 % and 75.17 %, compared to 1.0 to 13.6 % in the control treatment. Egg hatching varied between 0 % and 66 %, compared to 73 to 95 % in control treatment. Toxicity increased with increasing AMPs aqueous extract concentration and incubation period, reaching more than 55.44 % mortality after 96 h and complete egg hatching inhibition after 144 h of incubation at an R. officinalis aqueous extract concentration of 10 %. In the greenhouse experiment, the aqueous extract of R. officinalis was highly active against T. semipenetrans, resulting in a substantial reduction in nematode populations, with counts ranging from 475 nematodes/100 g of soil and 122 nematodes/10 g of roots, compared to populations of 997.30 nematodes/100 g of soil and 185 nematodes/10 g of roots in the control treatment. The results of this study suggest that AMPs studied, could be used as a bionematicide product for managing T. semipenetrans.

半透叶霉（Tylenchulus semipenetrans）是一种破坏性极强的专性植物寄生线虫（PPN），对柑橘作物构成严重威胁。使用化学杀线虫剂已被证明对减少半透线虫种群有效；然而，重复使用会对环境产生负面影响，因此需要采取更多的生态战略。在温室和实验室条件下，研究了迷香、野月桂和马鞭草3种芳香药用植物对半透蛾的杀线虫效果，包括对幼虫J2的死亡率和对卵孵化的抑制。结果表明，所有AMPs水提液对半透虫均有毒性，J2死亡率为25.85% ~ 75.17%，而对照处理的J2死亡率为1.0 ~ 13.6%。鸡蛋的孵化率在0%到66%之间，而对照处理的孵化率为73%到95%。毒力随AMPs水提物浓度的增加和孵育时间的延长而增加，96 h后死亡率达到55.44%以上，10%的水提物孵育144 h后完全抑制卵孵化。在温室试验中，与对照处理的997.30根/100克土壤和185根线虫的数量相比，石斛水提物对半穿透线虫的活性较高，线虫的数量大幅减少，为475根/100克土壤和122根/10克根系。本研究结果表明，所研究的AMPs可以作为一种生物杀线虫剂用于治疗半透线虫。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of trap color, monochamol and α-pinene release rates, and α-pinene enantiomers on the capture of Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) 诱捕器颜色、单酚和α-蒎烯释放率及α-蒎烯对映体对野田鼠捕获的影响（鞘翅目：天牛科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102481

Min-Jung Huh , Il-Kwon Park

Monochamus alternatus Hope (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a known vector of the pine wood nematode (PWN), the causal agent of pine wilt disease. Effective control of this vector is essential to prevent the spread of PWN. Although pheromone traps have been employed to monitor the seasonal occurrence of M. alternatus, they have not yet been adopted as a practical method for field-level pest control. Therefore, to utilize pheromone traps for reducing vector populations, their trapping efficiency must be enhanced beyond the levels currently used for monitoring purposes. In this study, various pheromone trap conditions were evaluated through field trials to enhance the attraction of M. alternatus by modifying trap color, α-pinene enantiomers, and the release rates of pheromone and α-pinene. Among six tested colors, M. alternatus was most strongly attracted to black traps. In the enantiomer preference test for α-pinene, M. alternatus showed no significant difference in response among the different enantiomers. To assess the effects of pheromone and α-pinene release rates on M. alternatus capture, traps were baited with lures emitting varying release rates of monochamol (7–35 mg/day) and (−)-α-pinene (13–65 mg/day). Traps using the release rates of monochamol (35 mg/day) and (−)-α-pinene (52 mg/day) that resulted in the highest captures were 59.8 % more effective than those using the lowest release rates (monochamol: 7 mg/day; (−)-α-pinene: 13 mg/day). Notably, while there was no significant difference in male captures, traps with the optimal release rates captured 60.5 % more females. Although this study was conducted with limited replicates and relatively short trap spacing, the findings provide valuable insight into optimizing trap performance and lay the groundwork for developing more effective control strategies against M. alternatus.

松材线虫（PWN）是松材线虫（PWN）的一种已知媒介，是松材线虫病的致病因子。有效控制这一病媒对于防止PWN的传播至关重要。虽然信息素诱捕器已被用于监测交替田鼠的季节性发生，但尚未作为一种实用的田间害虫防治方法。因此，为了利用信息素诱捕器减少病媒种群，必须提高诱捕效率，使其超过目前用于监测目的的水平。本研究通过田间试验，评价了不同信息素诱捕条件下，通过改变诱捕器颜色、α-蒎烯对映体、信息素和α-蒎烯的释放率来提高野田鼠对野田鼠的吸引力。在6种被试颜色中，黑捕鼠器对交替田鼠的吸引力最大。在α-蒎烯的对映体偏好测试中，不同对映体间的反应无显著差异。为了评估信息素和α-蒎烯释放率对野田鼠捕获的影响，采用释放不同释放率的单酚（7-35 mg/d）和(−)-α-蒎烯（13-65 mg/d）的诱捕器作为诱饵。使用单甘油醇（35 mg/d）和(−)-α-蒎烯（52 mg/d）释放速率的捕集器捕获效率最高，比使用最低释放速率（单甘油醇：7 mg/d；(−)-α-蒎烯：13 mg/d）的捕集器捕获效率高59.8%。值得注意的是，虽然雄性捕获量没有显著差异，但具有最佳释放率的陷阱捕获的雌性多60.5%。虽然这项研究的重复次数有限，陷阱间距相对较短，但研究结果为优化陷阱性能提供了有价值的见解，并为制定更有效的防治策略奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoformulated amygdalin from agro-waste for aphid control and induction of tomato resistance mechanism 农业废弃物纳米配方苦杏仁苷防治蚜虫及诱导番茄抗性机理研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102480

Fawzya AlOmari , Zarah I. Alzahrani , Layla Yousif Abdullah Al Hijab , Somia M. Elagib , Deyala M. Naguib

Aphid infestation poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, necessitating the development of eco-friendly and effective pest management strategies. In this study, we report the preparation, characterization, and insecticidal efficacy of nano-amygdalin—a nanoformulated compound derived from apricot seed meal—against the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, along with its impact on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant defense responses. Amygdalin was extracted from apricot seed meal and immobilized onto silica nanoparticles synthesized from rice straw. The immobilization process achieved an efficiency of 92.4 % after 6 h. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful formation and structural characteristics of the nano-amygdalin complex. Laboratory bioassays demonstrated that nano-amygdalin significantly reduced aphid survival and fecundity, with the highest tested concentration (0.5 mg/mL) decreasing survival to 12 % and fecundity to 0.65 nymphs/female/day. Furthermore, tomato plants treated with nano-amygdalin under aphid infestation showed enhanced growth and attenuated oxidative stress, evidenced by reduced hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels. Activities of defense-related enzymes, including peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, were significantly elevated in treated plants. Notably, treated plants also exhibited increased levels of cell wall-bound phenolics and peroxidase, suggesting enhanced lignification as part of the induced defense mechanism. These findings highlight the potential of nano-amygdalin as a sustainable, plant-compatible biopesticide that not only suppresses aphid populations but also fortifies host plant defense pathways.

蚜虫对农业生产力构成重大威胁，因此必须制定生态友好和有效的虫害管理战略。在这项研究中，我们报道了纳米苦杏仁苷（一种从杏籽粕中提取的纳米配方化合物）的制备、表征和杀虫效果，以及它对番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）植物防御反应的影响。从杏籽粕中提取苦杏仁苷，并将其固定在以稻草为原料合成的二氧化硅纳米颗粒上。通过透射电镜（TEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）证实了纳米苦杏仁苷配合物的成功形成和结构特征。实验室生物测定表明，纳米苦杏仁苷显著降低蚜虫的存活率和繁繁率，最高测试浓度（0.5 mg/mL）使蚜虫存活率降低至12%，繁繁率降低至0.65若虫/雌/天。此外，经纳米苦杏仁苷处理的番茄植株在蚜虫侵染下表现出生长增强和氧化胁迫减弱，过氧化氢和丙二醛水平降低。处理过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶等防御相关酶活性显著升高。值得注意的是，处理过的植物也表现出细胞壁结合酚类物质和过氧化物酶水平的增加，这表明木质素化的增强是诱导防御机制的一部分。这些发现突出了纳米苦杏仁苷作为一种可持续的、与植物相容的生物农药的潜力，它不仅可以抑制蚜虫种群，还可以加强寄主植物的防御途径。

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引用次数: 0