Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第2页

Development of the Pichia kudriazevii-Essential oil-based bio-formulation for the management of Oriental fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis 苦毕赤酵母精油生物制剂防治桔小实蝇的研制

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102511

Seema Ramniwas , Aanchal Sharma , Dhara Kalariya , Girish Kumar

The mycobiome of the fruit fly plays a vital role in the host’s physiology and behavior. This host-microbe interaction can be leveraged for biological pest control, particularly against Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel; Diptera: Tephritidae), a major fruit pest. The current study focuses on insecticidal and repellent properties of a fungal species naturally associated with Zaprionus indianus (Gupta; Diptera: Drosophilidae), as a control agent to target B. dorsalis under the laboratory conditions. Preliminary screenings identified the fungal strain, Pichia kudriavzevii zibd3 as a promising candidate. A formulation combining P. kudriavzevii zibd3 with Essential oil Citral (EOC) demonstrated higher thermal and cold stability compared to Guava oil (GV)-zibd3 formulation. In addition, EOC-zibd3 formulation exhibited significant larval mortality, exceeding 80 %. Further analyses revealed that P. kudriavzevii-based formulation possesses strong repellent activity, with a repellency index of 100 ± 0.5. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) identified several volatile compounds contributing to this effect, including 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole, mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, naphthalene, cyclohexadiene, ethanone, and tridecanoic acid. These findings highlight that fungal species naturally associated with the host may serve as a reservoir of repellent compounds, which could be harnessed and optimized for effective fruit fly pest management under field conditions.

果蝇的真菌群落在宿主的生理和行为中起着至关重要的作用。这种寄主-微生物相互作用可用于生物害虫防治，特别是对主要的水果害虫东方果蝇，背小实蝇（Hendel；双翅目：蝗科）。目前的研究重点是在实验室条件下，研究一种与印度Zaprionus （Gupta；双翅目：果蝇科）天然相关的真菌物种的杀虫和驱避特性，作为一种针对dorsalis的控制剂。初步筛选鉴定出毕赤酵母（Pichia kudriavzevii zibd3）是一个有希望的候选菌株。与番石榴油(GV)-zibd3制剂相比，将P. kudriavzevii zibd3与精油柠檬醛（EOC）组合的制剂具有更高的热稳定性和冷稳定性。此外，EOC-zibd3制剂的幼虫死亡率显著，超过80%。进一步分析表明，该制剂具有较强的驱避活性，其驱避指数为100±0.5。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）鉴定了几种挥发性化合物，包括2,3-脱氢-1,8-桉树脑、薄荷-1,5-二烯-8-醇、萘、环己二烯、乙酮和三烷酸。这些发现表明，与宿主自然相关的真菌物种可能是驱避化合物的储存库，可以利用和优化这些化合物，在田间条件下进行有效的果蝇害虫管理。

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引用次数: 0

Modeling Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in Nu‘uanu Valley, Hawai‘i: The role of building footprint size 夏威夷努瓦努山谷白纹伊蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）数量建模：建筑足迹大小的作用

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102509

John M. Kirsch, Jia-Wei Tay

Since their introduction in Hawai‘i, mosquitoes have contributed to declines in native bird populations and to multiple dengue outbreaks across the islands. The most prevalent mosquito throughout Oahu, in both urban and rural environments, is Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Ovipositional trapping and larval habitat sampling were conducted to create generalized linear models to evaluate how urbanization affects Ae. albopictus abundance and to assess its environmental plasticity across three sites in Nu‘uanu Valley, Oahu, Hawai‘i. Four consecutive weeks of ovitrapping resulted in 31 eggs at the low site, 410 eggs at the middle site, and 85 eggs at the high site. Due to differences in mosquito abundance among sites, we evaluated population drivers including potential larval habitats, abiotic environmental factors, and four measurements of urbanization (total building area, percentage of building area, average building size, and number of buildings). The negative binomial model results indicated that Ae. albopictus was more prevalent in areas containing high densities of small buildings with the average building footprint size being a significant predictor. The elevation and density of potential natural breeding sites were not significant factors contributing to abundance of Ae. albopictus. Because most of these buildings were homes, we posit that residents of these areas located in the Nu‘uanu Valley have a higher risk of mosquito encounters than in other sites evaluated. These single-family residential neighborhoods offer a starting point for mosquito control operations during the next dengue outbreak in Hawai‘i.

自从蚊子被引入夏威夷以来，它们已经导致了本地鸟类数量的减少，并在岛屿上引发了多次登革热疫情。在瓦胡岛的城市和农村环境中，最常见的蚊子是白纹伊蚊（Skuse）。采用诱卵法和幼虫生境抽样建立广义线性模型，评价城市化对伊蚊的影响。在夏威夷瓦胡岛努瓦努山谷的三个地点评估白纹伊蚊的丰度和环境可塑性。连续4周诱卵，低点31枚，中点410枚，高点85枚。由于不同地点蚊虫丰度的差异，我们评估了种群驱动因素，包括潜在的幼虫栖息地、非生物环境因素和城市化的四项测量（总建筑面积、建筑面积百分比、平均建筑面积和建筑数量）。负二项模型结果表明，Ae。白纹伊蚊在小型建筑密度较高的地区更为普遍，平均建筑占地面积是一个重要的预测因子。潜在自然繁殖地的海拔和密度对伊蚊的丰度影响不显著。蚊。由于这些建筑物大多是住宅，我们假设Nu 'uanu山谷这些地区的居民比其他评估地点的居民遭遇蚊子的风险更高。在夏威夷下一次登革热爆发期间，这些单户住宅社区为蚊虫控制行动提供了一个起点。

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引用次数: 0

Potential of pheromone attractants for managing insect pests of arable crops in Sub-Saharan Africa 信息素引诱剂在撒哈拉以南非洲可耕地作物害虫管理中的潜力

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102508

Uzoma Donatus Anugwom , Auwalu Hassan Audi

Insect pests contribute to yield losses of up to 40 % in major arable crops across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), posing significant threats to food security and farmer livelihoods. Conventional reliance on synthetic pesticides is increasingly unsustainable due to pest resistance, health concerns, and environmental risks. This review examines the status, adoption patterns, and effectiveness of pheromone-based pest management in SSA, with emphasis on Spodoptera frugiperda, Tuta absoluta, and Maruca vitrata. Evidence from pilot studies demonstrates that pheromone interventions can reduce pest populations by 35–70 %, and successful integrations have been reported in countries such as Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana, and Benin. Nevertheless, widespread adoption is constrained by several systemic barriers, including weak regulatory frameworks, dependence on imported lures, insufficient local production, inconsistent field efficacy across agroecologies, and limited farmer awareness and extension support. Comparative insights from developed regions reveal both opportunities for scaling and persistent gaps that SSA must overcome. Strengthening regional research and development (R&D) capacity, establishing local manufacturing, aligning policies, and improving farmer education are critical for mainstreaming pheromone-based IPM and reducing pesticide reliance in SSA’s agricultural systems.

在整个撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），害虫造成的主要可耕地作物产量损失高达40%，对粮食安全和农民生计构成重大威胁。由于抗虫害、健康问题和环境风险，对合成农药的传统依赖越来越不可持续。本文综述了信息素防治害虫的现状、应用模式和防治效果，重点介绍了狐夜蛾、绝对夜蛾和小果蛾。来自试点研究的证据表明，信息素干预可使有害生物种群减少35 - 70%，尼日利亚、肯尼亚、加纳和贝宁等国报告了成功的整合。然而，广泛采用受到几个系统性障碍的限制，包括监管框架薄弱、对进口诱饵的依赖、当地生产不足、整个农业生态的田间效果不一致以及农民意识和推广支持有限。来自发达地区的比较见解揭示了扩大规模的机会和必须克服的持续差距。加强区域研发能力、建立当地制造业、协调政策和改善农民教育对于将基于信息素的IPM主流化和减少对农药的依赖在SSA农业系统中至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Replacing the old one: a newly introduced blueberry tip midge, Prodiplosis vaccinii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Korea 代替旧的：在韩国新引进的蓝莓尖蠓，Prodiplosis vaccinii（双翅目：蠓科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102507

Subin Choi , Hyojoong Kim , Heung-Sik Lee , Wanggyu Kim , Cesar Rodriguez-Saona , Hye-Min Byun , Minjoon Kang , Jongmin Bae , Jaekook Park , Sumin Oh , Eunji Kim , Jung-Wook Kim , Chang Yeol Yang , Sohee Kim , Sunghoon Jung

The blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), has been a significant pest of blueberries in Korea since first officially reported in 2010. Field surveys conducted from 2011 to 2013 and again in 2020 aimed to assess the distribution of this pest across Korea and confirm its species identity using molecular and morphological analyses. Our findings reveal that the primary pest collected from blueberry farms in 2020 was predominantly Prodiplosis vaccinii (Felt), rather than D. oxycoccana. This suggests that P. vaccinii is a newly introduced species in Korea, which has replaced D. oxycoccana as the major blueberry pest. This study marks the first report of P. vaccinii in Korea. We provide morphological and molecular evidence for this newly identified pest, along with a brief overview of its biology, and present a scenario why those were replaced based on eco-friendly control strategy in Korea.

蓝莓瘿蚊，Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson)（双翅目：瘿蚊科），自2010年首次被正式报道以来，一直是韩国蓝莓的重要害虫。2011年至2013年和2020年分别进行了实地调查，目的是评估这种害虫在韩国的分布情况，并通过分子和形态分析确认其物种身份。我们的研究结果表明，2020年从蓝莓农场收集的主要害虫主要是牛痘Prodiplosis vaccinii (Felt)，而不是oxycoccana。这表明痘苗假单胞菌是一种新引进的物种，它已经取代了氧可可假单胞菌成为蓝莓的主要害虫。这是国内首次报道牛痘链球菌。我们提供了这种新发现的害虫的形态学和分子证据，以及其生物学的简要概述，并提出了基于韩国生态友好控制策略取代这些证据的原因。

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引用次数: 0

Improved insecticidal activity of Autographa californica multiple nucleapolyhedrovirus harbouring dsRNA genes specific to Spodoptera exigua 含有夜蛾特异性dsRNA基因的加州自噬多核多角体病毒杀虫活性的提高

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102505

Minghui Wang , Jae Young Choi , Dong Hwan Park , Siyi Liu , Ha Jin Jang , Yeon Ho Je

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, a globally distributed agricultural pest, is known for its high resistance to conventional chemical insecticides. Although their slow pathogenicity limits application, baculoviruses represent a potentially effective alternative for the control of S. exigua. Recently, RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising strategy for controlling insect pests by silencing essential genes, thereby inducing mortality and reducing insect populations. In this study, exogeneous dsRNAs targeting beta-1-integrin (dsITGB1), AChE1 (dsAChE1), and Apolipophorin III (dsApoLp-III) of S. exigua significantly increased insecticidal activity of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) against S. exigua larvae when they were applied through hemocoelic injection. To improve AcMNPV efficacy, these dsRNA genes were introduced into AcMNPV genome singly or in combination. These recombinant AcMNPVs exhibited enhanced mortality rates, demonstrating that the insecticidal activity of AcMNPV could be enhanced by introducing these dsRNA genes. In particular, these enhancing effects were more evident when dsRNA genes were introduced in combination. These results suggested that dsRNA genes could be useful to enhance insecticidal activity of AcMNPV for environmentally friendly and effective control of S. exigua.

甜菜粘虫（Spodoptera exigua）是一种全球分布的农业害虫，以其对常规化学杀虫剂的高抗性而闻名。尽管杆状病毒的缓慢致病性限制了其应用，但杆状病毒代表了一种潜在的有效的控制出口葡萄球菌的替代方法。最近，RNA干扰（RNAi）已成为一种很有前途的控制害虫的策略，通过沉默必需基因，从而诱导死亡和减少昆虫种群。在本研究中，外源的dsRNAs靶向出口葡萄球菌的β -1整合素（dsITGB1）、AChE1 （dsAChE1）和载脂蛋白III (dsApoLp-III)，通过腹腔注射可显著提高加州多核多角体病毒（AcMNPV）对出口葡萄球菌幼虫的杀虫活性。为了提高AcMNPV的疗效，将这些dsRNA基因单独或联合导入AcMNPV基因组。这些重组AcMNPV表现出更高的死亡率，表明通过引入这些dsRNA基因可以增强AcMNPV的杀虫活性。特别是，当dsRNA基因组合引入时，这些增强作用更为明显。这些结果表明，dsRNA基因可用于增强AcMNPV的杀虫活性，以实现环境友好和有效的灭虫效果。

{"title":"Improved insecticidal activity of Autographa californica multiple nucleapolyhedrovirus harbouring dsRNA genes specific to Spodoptera exigua","authors":"Minghui Wang , Jae Young Choi , Dong Hwan Park , Siyi Liu , Ha Jin Jang , Yeon Ho Je","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The beet armyworm, <em>Spodoptera exigua</em>, a globally distributed agricultural pest, is known for its high resistance to conventional chemical insecticides. Although their slow pathogenicity limits application, baculoviruses represent a potentially effective alternative for the control of <em>S. exigua</em>. Recently, RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising strategy for controlling insect pests by silencing essential genes, thereby inducing mortality and reducing insect populations. In this study, exogeneous dsRNAs targeting beta-1-integrin (dsITGB1), AChE1 (dsAChE1), and Apolipophorin III (dsApoLp-III) of <em>S. exigua</em> significantly increased insecticidal activity of <em>Autographa californica</em> multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) against <em>S. exigua</em> larvae when they were applied through hemocoelic injection. To improve AcMNPV efficacy, these dsRNA genes were introduced into AcMNPV genome singly or in combination. These recombinant AcMNPVs exhibited enhanced mortality rates, demonstrating that the insecticidal activity of AcMNPV could be enhanced by introducing these dsRNA genes. In particular, these enhancing effects were more evident when dsRNA genes were introduced in combination. These results suggested that dsRNA genes could be useful to enhance insecticidal activity of AcMNPV for environmentally friendly and effective control of <em>S. exigua</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102505"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Full-length transcriptome analysis reveals molecular basis of sexual dimorphism in the palm pest Tirathaba rufivena Walker 全长度转录组分析揭示棕榈害虫Tirathaba rufivena Walker两性二型性的分子基础

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102504

Jixing Guo, Keying Wang, Xufeng Zhang, Hongchao Yuan, Xiang Zhou

Tirathaba rufivena Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a major pest of palm plants, causing severe yield losses in areca nut cultivation in Hainan, China. The adult stage is critical for reproduction, exhibiting pronounced sexual dimorphism in physiology, behavior, and reproductive anatomy. However, genomic and transcriptomic studies on T. rufivena remain limited. This study aimed to increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of T. rufivena and elucidate the molecular basis of sexual dimorphism using PacBio SMRT and Illumina sequencing. A total of 19.8 GB of clean data was generated, yielding 34,387 non-redundant full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were characterized, with mononucleotide repeats being the most abundant. Coding sequence prediction identified 27,738 open reading frames (ORFs), including 23,137 complete ORFs, while 8,427 lncRNAs and 1,462 transcription factors were annotated. Differential expression analysis identified 6,147 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between adult females and males. Female-biased genes were enriched in reproductive and translational functions, including “rRNA processing” and “ribosome biogenesis,” reflecting the biological demands of oocyte development and embryogenesis. In contrast, male-biased genes were associated with energy metabolism pathways, including the “tricarboxylic acid cycle” and “oxidative phosphorylation,” supporting their energetically intensive roles in courtship and pheromone synthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of sexual dimorphism, reproduction and sex-specific behaviors in T. rufivena, offering a foundation for future research and highlighting potential targets for sustainable pest management.

褐皮蛾（Tirathaba rufivena Walker）是一种主要的棕榈害虫，对海南槟榔种植业造成严重的产量损失。成年阶段是繁殖的关键阶段，在生理、行为和生殖解剖学上表现出明显的两性二态性。然而，对赤霉素的基因组学和转录组学研究仍然有限。本研究旨在利用PacBio SMRT和Illumina测序技术，进一步了解T. rufivena的分子特征，阐明T. rufivena两性二态性的分子基础。共生成19.8 GB的干净数据，产生34,387个非冗余全长非嵌合（FLNC）读取。简单序列重复（SSRs）是特征，单核苷酸重复是最丰富的。编码序列预测共鉴定出27,738个开放阅读帧（orf），其中包括23,137个完整的orf，同时注释了8,427个lncrna和1,462个转录因子。差异表达分析鉴定出成年雌性和雄性之间存在6147个差异表达基因（deg）。偏向女性的基因在生殖和翻译功能上丰富，包括“rRNA加工”和“核糖体生物发生”，反映了卵母细胞发育和胚胎发生的生物学需求。相反，雄性偏倚基因与能量代谢途径相关，包括“三羧酸循环”和“氧化磷酸化”，支持它们在求爱和信息素合成中的能量密集作用。这些研究结果为深入了解紫叶瓢虫两性异形、生殖和性别特异性行为的分子机制提供了有价值的见解，为今后的研究奠定了基础，并为害虫的可持续治理提供了潜在的目标。

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引用次数: 0

Wing morphological alteration in an invasive fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) following the initial period of invasion in Thailand 入侵泰国秋粘虫Spodoptera frugiperda（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）翅形态在入侵初期的变化

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102506

Chitsanuphong Phanthian , Nontivich Tandavanitj , Chatchawan Chaisuekul

Wing morphology plays a key role in insect dispersal and adaptability, particularly in invasive pests like Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Environmental heterogeneity and anthropogenic pressures may shape morphometric variation across space and time. This study examined wing morphology in S. frugiperda collected from Thailand during 2018–2021. A total of 141 field-collected specimens from 18 cornfields and 52 laboratory-reared specimens (26 corn leaf-fed, 26 artificial diet-fed) were analyzed using fifteen landmark-based geometric morphometrics and simplified (univariate) morphometrics from three wing landmarks. Sexual dimorphism in wing morphology was evident in wild populations, but absent in laboratory-reared individuals, suggesting context-dependent expression. Significant temporal and spatial variation in wing shape, especially in females, was detected, even as overall wing size remained stable. Shape changes occurred independently of size, indicating sensitivity to environmental conditions. Laboratory-reared individuals diverged from wild specimens, with artificial diet-fed moths exhibiting the most pronounced shape differences. Corn-fed individuals were more closely resemble wild populations, highlighting diet-specific effects. Simplified morphometric traits can be used to detect broad differences, such as sexual size dimorphism and some diet effects, but fail to capture finer shape variation revealed using geometric analysis. These findings underscore the value of multivariate geometric approaches in detecting subtle morphological responses to environmental factors. This study provides morphometric baseline for evaluating phenotypic plasticity, population differentiation, and environmental influences in S. frugiperda. While simplified methods offer practical utility for rapid assessments, geometric morphometrics remain essential for high-resolution analysis in surveillance, ecological research, and pest management under changing environments.

翅形态在昆虫的传播和适应性中起着关键作用，特别是对入侵害虫如夜蛾（Spodoptera frugiperda， J. E. Smith, 1797）（鳞翅目：夜蛾科）。环境异质性和人为压力可能在空间和时间上塑造形态计量学的变化。本研究检测了2018-2021年在泰国采集的S. frugiperda的翅膀形态。采用15种基于地标的几何形态计量学和3个翼面地标的简化（单变量）形态计量学方法，对18块玉米田141只野外采集标本和52只实验室饲养标本（26只玉米叶饲、26只人工饲）进行了分析。翅膀形态的两性二态性在野生种群中很明显，但在实验室饲养的个体中没有，表明表达依赖于环境。研究发现，尽管翅膀的总尺寸保持稳定，但翅膀形状在时间和空间上存在显著差异，尤其是在雌性中。形状的变化与大小无关，表明对环境条件的敏感性。实验室饲养的个体与野生标本不同，人工喂养的蛾子表现出最明显的形状差异。玉米喂养的个体更接近野生种群，突出了饮食的特定影响。简化的形态计量特征可以用来检测广泛的差异，如性别大小二态性和一些饮食影响，但无法捕捉几何分析揭示的更精细的形状变化。这些发现强调了多元几何方法在检测对环境因素的细微形态反应中的价值。本研究为评价frugiperda的表型可塑性、种群分化和环境影响提供了形态学基础。虽然简化的方法为快速评估提供了实用的工具，但几何形态计量学仍然是在不断变化的环境下进行监测、生态研究和害虫管理的高分辨率分析的必要条件。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization and molecular docking studies of antioxidant compounds from Malaysian Heterotrigona itama propolis extract 马来西亚异三角蜂蜂胶提取物抗氧化化合物的表征及分子对接研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102501

Afzan Mahmad , Lee Suan Chua , Lay Jing Seow , Poh Yen Khor , Teh Ubaidah Noh

Propolis from the Malaysian stingless bee Heterotrigona itama (H. itama) has been widely recognized for its antioxidant potential; however, its detailed chemical constituents and possible molecular interactions have not been comprehensively studied. In this study, ethanol extraction and mild alkaline hydrolysis were used to prepare H. itama propolis extracts, which were characterized using ATR–FTIR, GC–MS, and UHPLC–MS/MS techniques. The radical scavenging activities of the compounds were evaluated using ABTS and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. The total flavonoid content was 11.88 ± 0.10 mg QE/g for the crude extract (F1) and increased to 14.79 ± 0.08 mg QE/g for the hydrolyzed extract (F2), while the total phenolic content rose from 0.83 ± 0.17 mg GAE/g (F1) to 1.21 ± 0.09 mg GAE/g (F2), indicating the enhanced release of bioactive constituents. Functional group and compound profiling confirmed the presence of diverse phenolics (including flavonoids), terpenoids (including limonoids) and sterols. Notably, the identified compounds such as oxyphyllacinol, licarin B, evobioside, kushenol B, and nimbolidin C are known for their antioxidant activities. Molecular docking results indicated that five phytochemicals from H. itama propolis extract were predicted to bind stably to COX–2 (–5.7 to –8.2 kcal/mol), and strong antioxidant capacities were demonstrated by ABTS (∼90 %) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays (54.84–69.73 %). Based on these findings, it is demonstrated that H. itama propolis extract represents a rich natural antioxidant source with promising bioactivity. Further in vivo validation, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological studies are recommended to confirm the therapeutic applicability and safety of these compounds in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products.

马来西亚无刺蜂（Heterotrigona itama， H. itama）的蜂胶因其抗氧化潜力而被广泛认可；然而，其详细的化学成分和可能的分子相互作用尚未得到全面的研究。本研究采用乙醇提取和温和碱性水解法制备羽绒蜂胶提取物，并采用ATR-FTIR、GC-MS和UHPLC-MS /MS技术对其进行了表征。采用ABTS和过氧化氢清除法对化合物的自由基清除活性进行了评价。粗提物（F1）总黄酮含量为11.88±0.10 mg QE/g，水解提物（F2）总黄酮含量为14.79±0.08 mg QE/g，总酚含量从0.83±0.17 mg GAE/g （F1）增加到1.21±0.09 mg GAE/g (F2)，表明活性成分释放增强。官能团和化合物谱证实了多种酚类物质（包括黄酮类）、萜类物质（包括柠檬酮）和甾醇的存在。值得注意的是，已鉴定的化合物，如叶香树醇、李卡林B、左旋草苷、苦参酚B和莲叶素C，以其抗氧化活性而闻名。分子对接结果表明，itama蜂胶提取物中的5种植物化学物质与COX-2稳定结合（-5.7 ~ -8.2 kcal/mol）， ABTS（~ 90%）和过氧化氢清除（54.84 ~ 69.73%）显示出较强的抗氧化能力。综上所述，itama蜂胶提取物是一种丰富的天然抗氧化来源，具有良好的生物活性。建议进行进一步的体内验证、药代动力学和毒理学研究，以确认这些化合物在药物和保健品中的治疗适用性和安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing housefly larval bioconversion of silkworm excrement through wheat bran Supplementation: Enhanced cellulose degradation and nutrient recovery 通过添加麦麸优化家蝇幼虫对家蚕粪便的生物转化：增强纤维素降解和营养恢复

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102503

Chen Chen , Yuanhao Zhang , Xueming Xu , Xueping Jiang , Jieling Zhou , Jia Kong , Ran Zhang , Hao Li , Zhongzheng Gui

With the growth of sericulture in China, the production of silkworm excrement (SE) has increased significantly. SE can be converted into valuable biomass by housefly larvae, but its high content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and other recalcitrant substances severely limits its resource utilization. This study aims to develop an efficient system for treating SE using housefly larvae and to assess the impact of co-digestion with wheat bran (WB). The results indicate that a SE to WB ratio of 2:1 (TG2) yielded the best performance in cellulose degradation. At this ratio, the survival rate of the larvae, waste reduction, and bioconversion rate reached 92.6 %, 19.26 % (dry weight reduction), and 1.39 %, respectively. Analysis of the physicochemical properties and active substance content of the SE substrate showed increases in nutrient levels for the TG2 group (N: 16.88 %; P: 52.02 %; K: 71.29 %). Additionally, the contents of total flavonoids, alkaloids, and 1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) were measured at 1.22 µg/mL, 1.99 µg/mL, and 1.64 µg/mL, respectively. The degradation rates of cellulose and hemicellulose were 85.7 % and 50.8 %, respectively. This study demonstrates that co-digestion of SE with WB enhances the efficient utilization of SE, offering new approaches for managing cellulose-rich, recalcitrant waste.

随着中国养蚕业的发展，蚕粪的产量显著增加。家蝇幼虫可以将SE转化为有价值的生物质，但其纤维素、半纤维素和其他顽固性物质的高含量严重限制了其资源利用。本研究旨在建立一种有效的家蝇幼虫处理SE的系统，并评估与麦麸（WB）共消化的效果。结果表明，SE / WB比为2:1 （TG2）时，纤维素降解性能最佳。在此比例下，幼虫成活率为92.6 %，废物减减率为19.26 %，干重减减率为1.39 %。对SE底物理化性质和活性物质含量的分析表明，TG2组的营养水平升高（N: 16.88 %;P: 52.02 %;K: 71.29 %）。总黄酮、生物碱和1-脱氧诺吉霉素的含量分别为1.22 µg/mL、1.99 µg/mL和1.64 µg/mL。纤维素和半纤维素的降解率分别为85.7% %和50.8% %。该研究表明，硒与WB共消化提高了硒的有效利用，为处理富含纤维素的顽固废物提供了新的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Invasion and potential spread of the Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (MED) Q2 subgroup in Korea 韩国烟粉虱地中海（MED） Q2亚群的入侵和潜在传播

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102502

Hwal-Su Hwang , Olha Muzhanovska , Sang-Mok Kim , Young-Su Lee , Inchul Yu , Jong-Gyun Park , Donghun Kim , Chi-Wei Tsai , Sukchan Lee , Kyeong-Yeoll Lee

Bemisia tabaci is a species complex consisting of at least 44 genetically diverse cryptic species with a global distribution. Among them, Mediterranean (MED) is highly invasive and have been spread worldwide including Korea. The MED complex includes four subgroups, with Q1 currently dominant in Korea. Recent studies indicated that Q2, another subgroup of MED, was firstly detected in two noncontiguous regions in 2018, but its further distribution and impact remain unclear. This study surveyed the distribution of Q1 and Q2 analyzing the mtCOI sequences of samples collected at 65 locations on tomato and other host plants from 2021 to 2024 in Korea. Q1 subgroup was distributed throughout the country, and the Q2 subgroup was found at 11 regions in four provinces: Gyunggi (Gwangju), South Chungcheong (Dangjin), South Gyeongsang (Miryang and Busan), and Gangwon (Youngwol, Hongseong, and Pyungchang). This suggests that Q2 has spread into new regions of Korea. Further analysis showed that endosymbiont profiles differed between the two subgroups: Q2 harbored Rickettsia and Arsenophonus, while Q1 harbored Hamiltonella and Cardinium. The Q2 populations was female-dominant (31.5:68.5), but Q1 was slightly male-biased (53.7:46.3). The oviposition rate of Q2 (5.13 ± 0.33) was higher than Q1(3.25 ± 0.25). The cross-mating between Q1 and Q2 populations showed that Q1:Q2 ratio of F1 offspring was Q2-dominant (23.5:76.5) when reared on tomato plants, while near-equal ratio on tobacco and cotton plants. Our findings indicate potential spread of Q2 subgroup in Korea and suggest that further continuous monitoring for the development of effective management strategies of B. tabaci MED Q2 subgroup in Korea.

烟粉虱是一种由至少44种遗传多样性的隐种组成的物种复合体，分布在全球。其中，地中海（MED）的侵袭性很强，已经扩散到包括韩国在内的世界各地。MED复合体包括四个亚组，Q1目前在韩国占主导地位。最近的研究表明，2018年在两个不连续的地区首次发现了MED的另一个亚群Q2，但其进一步的分布和影响尚不清楚。本研究分析了2021 - 2024年在韩国番茄和其他寄主植物上采集的65个地点样品的mtCOI序列，调查了Q1和Q2的分布。Q1亚群分布在全国各地，Q2亚群分布在京畿（光州）、忠南（唐津）、庆南（密阳、釜山）、江原（宁月、洪城、平昌）等4道的11个地区。这表明，“Q2”已经扩散到了新的地区。进一步分析表明，两个亚群的内共生菌谱不同：Q2窝藏立克次体和Arsenophonus，而Q1窝藏Hamiltonella和Cardinium。Q2种群以女性为主（31.5:68.5），而Q1种群以男性为主（53.7:46.3）。Q2的产卵率（5.13±0.33）高于Q1（3.25±0.25）。Q1和Q2群体杂交表明，在番茄植株上饲养的F1后代Q1:Q2比为Q2优势（23.5:76.5），在烟草和棉花植株上饲养的后代Q1:Q2比接近相等。我们的研究结果表明Q2亚群在韩国的潜在传播，并建议进一步持续监测，以制定有效的烟粉虱MED Q2亚群管理策略。

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引用次数: 0