Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第10页

Ascovirus suppresses feeding and growth in Spodoptera litura larvae by targeting the neuropeptide F Ascovirus以神经肽F为靶点抑制斜纹夜蛾幼虫的摄食和生长

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102458

Wei Lin , Yanjun Gao , Qiaodi Wang , Zhengkun Xiao , Guo-Hua Huang

Ascoviruses, a family of large, double-stranded circular DNA viruses, exhibit high host specificity and pathogenicity, suggesting their significant potential in biocontrol. A hallmark characteristic of ascovirus infection in larvae is reduced feeding and retarded growth. However, the mechanisms by which ascoviruses regulate these effects remain largely unknown. Given their crucial role in regulating larval feeding, insect neuropeptides have attracted our attention in the context of ascovirus infection. During HvAV-3h infection in S. litura, the expression levels of neuropeptide F (NPF), including NPF1 and NPF2, which are integral to feeding regulation, were significantly reduced. HvAV-3h infection impaired NPF regulation in larvae, leading to reduced food intake and larval weight gain across different physiological states. Concurrently, significant up-regulation of the NPF receptor (NPFR) was observed in the head tissue. The observed dysregulation of the NPF/NPFR signaling pathway was associated with elevated juvenile hormone (JH) titers. In contrast, the expression levels of short neuropeptide F (sNPF) and the molting hormone ecdysone remained unchanged. Moreover, histopathological analysis of the midgut revealed no epithelial cell damage. Furthermore, RNA interference of NPF1 or NPF2 significantly increased the expression of NPFR and juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHAMT), and tended to further reduce food intake and weight gain, which consequently increased the mortality during HvAV-3h infection. HvAV-3h infection disrupts the NPF/NPFR signaling pathway in S. litura larvae, subsequently elevating JH titers, ultimately leading to reduced food intake and larval weight gain. This study enhances our understanding of the interaction between HvAV-3h and its host, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of innovative pest management strategies.

子囊病毒是一类大型双链环状DNA病毒，具有较高的宿主特异性和致病性，在生物防治方面具有重要潜力。子囊病毒感染幼虫的一个显著特征是摄食减少和生长迟缓。然而，ascov调节这些作用的机制在很大程度上仍然未知。鉴于其在调节幼虫摄食中的关键作用，昆虫神经肽在子囊病毒感染的背景下引起了我们的注意。HvAV-3h感染斜纹海棠时，神经肽F （NPF）的表达水平显著降低，包括NPF1和NPF2， NPF1和NPF2是摄食调节不可或缺的组成部分。HvAV-3h感染破坏了幼虫对NPF的调节，导致不同生理状态下的摄食减少和幼虫体重增加。同时，在头部组织中观察到NPF受体（NPFR）显著上调。观察到的NPF/NPFR信号通路失调与幼体激素（JH）滴度升高有关。短神经肽F （sNPF）和蜕皮激素（ecdysone）的表达水平保持不变。此外，中肠的组织病理学分析显示没有上皮细胞损伤。此外，NPF1或NPF2的RNA干扰显著增加了NPFR和幼年激素酸o -甲基转移酶（JHAMT）的表达，并有进一步减少食物摄入量和体重增加的趋势，从而增加了HvAV-3h感染期间的死亡率。HvAV-3h感染破坏斜纹夜蛾幼虫的NPF/NPFR信号通路，随后升高JH滴度，最终导致摄食减少和幼虫体重增加。本研究增强了我们对HvAV-3h与其宿主相互作用的认识，并为创新害虫防治策略的制定提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Elucidating insect-virus associations in black pepper: Mealybug and tending ant influences on viral incidence in East Malaysia, Borneo 阐明黑胡椒中昆虫-病毒的关联：粉蚧和趋向蚁对婆罗洲东马来西亚病毒发病率的影响

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102426

Marthiuz Ghany Buang , Ameyra Aman-Zuki , Nur Azura Adam , Dewi Sartiami , Patricia Jie Hung King , Salmah Yaakop , Muhamad Azmi Mohammed

Piper nigrum, a key agricultural commodity in Sarawak, East Malaysia, is highly susceptible to the Piper yellow mottle virus (PYMoV), a badnavirus transmitted by mealybugs. This study aimed to identify the mealybug and tending ant species associated with black pepper plantations in Sarawak and assess the presence of PYMoV in mealybugs. Insects were collected from four divisions namely Kuching, Sibu, Bintulu, and Miri between 2020 and 2022. Species identification was performed using morphological and DNA barcoding techniques, while molecular methods were employed to detect PYMoV. Seven mealybug species were identified: Planococcus minor, Ferrisia virgata, Dysmicoccus lepelleyi, Planococcus sp., Pseudococcus sp., Phenacoccus sp., and Exallomochlus sp., with percentage identity ranging from 94.05 % to 100 %. Additionally, 14 tending ant species were identified, including Tapinoma indicum, Meranoplus bicolor, Anoplolepis gracilipes, Pheidole sauteri, Iridomyrmex anceps, Tetramorium cognatum, Crematogaster rogenhoferi, Camponotus sp., Dolichoderus sp., Leptogenys sp., and four distinct Crematogaster species, with accuracies between 85.29 % and 100 %. PYMoV was detected in 6.58 % of the mealybugs, with P. minor and Phenacoccus sp. identified as hosts, the latter being a novel discovery. No significant association was found between specific mealybug species and PYMoV prevalence (p = 0.99), suggesting that other factors may influence viral transmission. However, a strong positive correlation (r = 1.00, p < 0.05) was observed between ant presence and mealybug infestation, indicating that ants may facilitate mealybug dispersal. These findings highlight the necessity for continuous surveillance of mealybugs and tending ants to mitigate the spread of PYMoV and protect black pepper cultivation in Sarawak.

Piper nigrum是东马来西亚沙捞越的重要农产品，对Piper yellow mottle virus （PYMoV）高度敏感，PYMoV是一种由粉蚧传播的有害病毒。本研究旨在鉴定砂拉越黑胡椒种植相关的粉蚧和抚育蚁种类，并评估PYMoV在粉蚧中的存在。在2020年至2022年期间，在古晋、西巫、民都鲁和美里四个地区收集了昆虫。物种鉴定采用形态学和DNA条形码技术，PYMoV检测采用分子方法。鉴定出7种粉蚧，分别为：minor Planococcus、Ferrisia virgata、Dysmicoccus lepelleyi、Planococcus sp.、Pseudococcus sp.、Phenacoccus sp.和Exallomochlus sp.，鉴定率为94.05% ~ 100%。此外，鉴定出14种照看蚁，包括Tapinoma indicum、Meranoplus bicolor、Anoplolepis gracilipes、Pheidole sauteri、Iridomyrmex anceps、Tetramorium cognatum、Crematogaster rogenhoferi、Camponotus sp、Dolichoderus sp、Leptogenys sp和4种不同的Crematogaster，准确率在85.29% ~ 100%之间。PYMoV在6.58%的粉蚧中检出，其中以P. minor和Phenacoccus sp.为宿主，后者是新发现的宿主。特定粉蚧种类与PYMoV患病率之间无显著相关性（p = 0.99），提示其他因素可能影响病毒传播。然而，两者之间存在很强的正相关(r = 1.00, p <；0.05)，说明蚂蚁的存在有助于粉蚧的传播。这些发现强调了对粉蚧和抚育蚂蚁进行持续监测的必要性，以减轻PYMoV的传播并保护砂拉越黑胡椒的种植。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of candidate genes engaged in the sex-determination cascade in Eupolyphaga sinensis walker 中华白桦性别决定级联候选基因的鉴定

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102434

Rui Zhu, Fei Yang, Tielong Xu

Eupolyphaga sinensis is a sexually dimorphic and an important medicinal insect in the East Asian traditional medicine. To deeply comprehend the sex-determination process underlying Eupolyphaga sinensis, this study conducted a large-scale transcriptomic analysis of its sex-determination genes. In total, 79,705 unigenes were derived via transcriptome sequencing, assembly, and annotation, and they had 836.30 bp and an N50 of 1422 bp. Putative sex-determination genes in E. sinensis, including doublesex (dsx), transformer-2, intersex, and fruitless, which are key ones often engaged in arthropod sex determination, were identified and characterized. For E. sinensis, a comparative network of protein–protein interactions for the sex-determination cascade was developed, using the network from the model insect Drosophila melanogaster as a reference. This research results offer a framework for determining target genes and comprehending the regulation of the sex-determination cascade in E. sinensis.

中华巨噬虫是一种两性异形昆虫，是东亚传统医学中重要的药用昆虫。为了深入了解中华多食蝗的性别决定过程，本研究对其性别决定基因进行了大规模的转录组学分析。通过转录组测序、组装和注释，共获得79,705个单基因，长度为836.30 bp， N50为1422 bp。对中华按蚊性别决定基因进行了鉴定和表征，包括双性（dsx）、转换-2、双性（intersex）和无果性（fruitless）等，它们是节肢动物性别决定的关键基因。以中华按蚊为研究对象，以黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）的网络为参照，建立了一个蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用的性别决定级联比较网络。本研究结果为确定中华按蚊性别决定级联的靶基因和理解其调控机制提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Lethal and sublethal effects of azadirachtin on Riptortus pedestris (F.) and its egg parasitoids, Gryon japonicum (Ashmead) and Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii 印楝素对步行鸟及其卵寄生物日本鹰头虫和麻纹卵通虫的致死和亚致死作用

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102441

Young-gyun Park , Naresh Dangi , Un Taek Lim

Azadirachtin may cause acute toxicity and alter behavior of natural enemies. We evaluate the lethal and sublethal effect of five concentrations of azadirachtin through topical application and residual exposure on Riptortus pedestris (F.). Its effects were also assessed against egg parasitoids, Gryon japonicum (Ashmead) and Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii, by pre- and post-parasitization treatment of host eggs. The toxicity of azadirachtin to R. pedestris increased significantly with higher concentrations. A morphological deformity in nymphs was also observed in topical application after molting into the next instar. Azadirachtin significantly reduced egg parasitism by G. japonicum and O. nezarae at concentrations of 15 and 10 mL/L. Interestingly, the male ratio of G. japonicum progeny was increased significantly when host eggs were treated with azadirachtin before parasitization. However, the risk levels of azadirachtin to G. japonicum and O. nezarae were classified as harmless and slightly harmful, respectively, at a concentration of 10 mL/L. Thus, this concentration could be a potential alternative to broad-spectrum chemical insecticides for managing R. pedestris.

印楝素可引起急性毒性并改变天敌的行为。我们评估了五种浓度的印楝素的致死和亚致死效应，通过局部应用和残留暴露在Riptortus行人（F.）。通过对寄主卵的寄生前处理和寄生后处理，评价了其对卵类寄生蜂日本Gryon japonicum （Ashmead）和nezarae Ishii的效果。印楝素对小檗的毒性随浓度的增加而显著增加。在若虫蜕皮进入下一龄后，局部应用也观察到形态畸形。印楝素在浓度为15和10 mL/L时显著降低了日本姬虫和尼泊尔姬虫的卵寄生率。有趣的是，寄主卵在被寄生前用印楝素处理后，日本家蝇子代的雄性比例显著提高。而印楝素在浓度为10 mL/L时，对日本姬鼠无害，对nezarae轻微有害。因此，该浓度可能是一种潜在的广谱化学杀虫剂的替代品。

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引用次数: 0

Diapause determination in Osmia cornifrons based on oxygen consumption 基于耗氧量的玉米荚滞育测定

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102461

Hyung Joo Yoon , Kyeong Yong Lee , Hye Kyung Kim , Bo Yeon Kim , Kwang Sik Lee , Byung Rae Jin

Osmia cornifrons mason bees are important pollinators of fruit trees. Diapause treatment is essential for their year-round breeding. We measured oxygen consumption and awakening in O. cornifrons to identify a biomarker for evaluating diapause termination. In O. cornifrons, oxygen consumption increased with the duration of the chilling period and was 1.4–1.8-fold higher in male cocoons than that in female cocoons. Oxygen consumption in O. cornifrons cocoons did not differ significantly among chilling temperatures (0 °C, 2.5 °C, 5 °C, 7.5 °C, and 10 °C); however, regression analysis of oxygen uptake values between 0–5 °C and 7.5–10 °C in male and female cocoons revealed a significant second-order relationship. Oxygen uptake was higher at 7.5–10 °C than that at 0–5 °C during the same chilling periods. Cocoons kept at 7.5–10 °C also exhibited earlier emergence than those kept at 0–5 °C. The average respiration rate of newly awakened adults was 1,400.4 and 4,011.2 µL/mg body weight/h in females and males, respectively, representing a 2.9-fold higher rate in males. Respiratory rate increased with the number of days after emergence. Accordingly, we developed a method using a biorespirometer to quantitatively assess the degree of dormancy and awakening, which has implications for the essential dormancy treatment for year-round breeding of mason bees.

石蜂是果树重要的传粉者。滞育处理对它们全年的繁殖至关重要。我们测量了O. cornifrons的氧气消耗和觉醒，以确定评估滞育终止的生物标志物。玉米茧的耗氧量随冷藏时间的延长而增加，雄茧的耗氧量是雌茧的1.4 ~ 1.8倍。不同冷却温度（0°C、2.5°C、5°C、7.5°C和10°C）下，玉米茧的耗氧量差异不显著；在0-5°C和7.5-10°C之间，雌雄茧的吸氧值的回归分析显示了显著的二阶关系。在相同的冷却时间内，7.5 ~ 10℃的摄氧量高于0 ~ 5℃的摄氧量。在7.5-10°C保存的茧比在0-5°C保存的茧更早羽化。新醒成人的平均呼吸速率，女性和男性分别为140.4µL/mg体重/h和4011.2µL/mg体重/h，男性高2.9倍。呼吸频率随出血性天数的增加而增加。因此，我们开发了一种使用生物呼吸计定量评估休眠和觉醒程度的方法，这对泥瓦蜂全年繁殖的基本休眠处理具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Nesting habitat and prey preferences in two caterpillar-hunting Anterhynchium species (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae) 两种捕食毛虫的前翅蜂的筑巢生境和猎物偏好（膜翅目：蜂科：翅蜂科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102462

Misaki Tsujii , Tomoji Endo , Shinji Sugiura

Many wasps hunt prey and transport them to nests located far from prey-hunting sites. While many studies have presented either prey preferences or nesting habitat selection in hunting wasps, few have investigated whether prey habitats are closely linked to nesting habitats. To clarify the relationship between prey and nesting habitats, we studied the prey items and nesting habitats of the two caterpillar-hunting wasps, Anterhynchium flavomarginatum and Anterhynchium gibbifrons (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Eumeninae), in a mixed agricultural and forest landscape in Hyogo, central Japan. Trap nests were placed in four environments, agricultural fields, bamboo forest edges, broad-leaved forests, and bamboo/broad-leaved forest boundaries, from June to November 2020. Anterhynchium flavomarginatum and A. gibbifrons nested in 25% and 60% of the 48 trap nests, respectively. The former nested in all four environments, whereas the latter nested at bamboo forest edges, in broad-leaved forests, and at the boundaries. Anterhynchium flavomarginatum provisioned its nests with larvae of 15 moth species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae, Pyralidae, Tortricidae), whose host plants were found in agricultural fields and other environments. In contrast, A. gibbifrons provisioned its nests exclusively with larvae of Demobotys pervulgalis (Crambidae), with its host plants restricted to bamboo. Our findings suggest that prey availability influences nesting habitat selection in the two Anterhynchium species. Anterhynchium flavomarginatum showed greater habitat flexibility, likely due to its broader prey range, whereas A. gibbifrons exhibited a narrow habitat range corresponding to the host plant distribution of its sole prey species.

许多黄蜂捕食猎物，并将它们运送到远离捕猎地点的巢穴。虽然许多研究都提出了狩猎黄蜂的猎物偏好或筑巢栖息地选择，但很少有人调查猎物栖息地是否与筑巢栖息地密切相关。为了明确猎物与筑巢生境之间的关系，本研究在日本中部的农林混合景观中，研究了两种捕食毛虫的黄蜂——黄斑蜂和姬斑蜂（膜翅目：斑蜂科：姬蜂科）的猎物种类和筑巢生境。于2020年6月至11月在农田、竹林边缘、阔叶林和竹林/阔叶林边界4种环境中设置陷阱巢。在48个诱捕窝中，黄精蕨（Anterhynchium flavomarginatum）占25%，三叶草（A. gibbifrons）占60%。前者在所有四种环境中都筑巢，后者在竹林边缘、阔叶林和边界筑巢。Anterhynchium flavomarginatum以15种蛾类（鳞翅目：蛾科、蛾科、蛾科）的幼虫为巢，寄主植物分布在农田和其他环境中。与之相反的是，长臂猿的巢只以竹蛾的幼虫为食，寄主植物仅限于竹子。我们的研究结果表明，猎物的可得性影响了两种前翅目动物的筑巢栖息地选择。黄斑拟南蝽具有较强的生境适应性，这可能是由于其捕食范围较广，而棕腹拟南蝽的生境范围较窄，这与其唯一捕食物种的寄主植物分布相对应。

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引用次数: 0

Individual and combined efficacy of zeolite and spinetoram for controlling Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera); impact of temperature, relative humidity and grain types 沸石与棘菌灵单独及联合防治灰蛾的效果研究温度、相对湿度和谷物类型的影响

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102448

Rameesha Amjad Ali , Mansoor-ul-Hasan , Eman Fayad , Seham Sater Alhelaify , Saqer S. Alotaibi , Anam Moosa , Faisal Zulfiqar

Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the insecticidal potential of zeolite (ZeoFeed) and spinetoram alone and in combination against the adults of lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Bostrichidae: Coleoptera). Bioassays were carried out at 15, 25, and 35 °C and 55 and 75 % relative humidity (R.H.) on wheat, rice, and maize. Efficacy of zeolite was determined at 2500, 500, and 700 ppm in first bioassay, followed by efficacy of spinetoram at 0.25, 0.50 and 1 ppm in second bioassay, and combined effectiveness of zeolite and spinetoram at 750 and 1 ppm doses in third bioassay. Adult mortality in all bioassays was recorded 1-, 3-, 7- and 14-days post-exposure. Results showed that mortality was positively related with dose and exposure interval. More insects died with increasing temperature and decreasing R.H. Wheat was more susceptible followed by rice and maize. Mortality was more in combined treatments (750 ppm + 1 ppm) with complete control of insects at 35 °C + 55 % R.H., 14 days of post-exposure in all tested commodities. This is the first report on the use of zeolite combined with insecticide to combat R. dominica under these conditions. The study suggests that zeolite in combination with spinetoram can effectively protect grains from this species, considering factors such as temperature and relative humidity.

采用室内试验研究了沸石（ZeoFeed）和spinetoram单独及联合对小纹螟（Rhyzopertha dominica， F.）成虫的杀虫效果。在15、25和35°C、55和75%相对湿度（R.H.）条件下对小麦、水稻和玉米进行生物测定。在第一次生物试验中测定了沸石在2500、500和700 ppm浓度下的有效性，随后测定了spinetoram在0.25、0.50和1 ppm浓度下的有效性，并在第三次生物试验中测定了沸石和spinetoram在750和1 ppm剂量下的联合有效性。在所有生物测定中，记录接触后1、3、7和14天的成人死亡率。结果表明，死亡率与剂量和照射间隔呈正相关。随着温度的升高和相对湿度的降低，昆虫的死亡率增加，小麦的易感程度最高，其次是水稻和玉米。综合处理（750ppm + 1ppm）与在35°C + 55%相对湿度下完全控制昆虫，在所有测试商品暴露后14天，死亡率更高。这是首次报道在这种条件下使用沸石与杀虫剂联合防治多米尼克白蝇。该研究表明，考虑到温度和相对湿度等因素，沸石与spinetoram结合可以有效地保护谷物免受该物种的侵害。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of growth performance and gut bacterial communities of black soldier fly larvae reared on biowaste 生物废弃物饲养黑虻幼虫生长性能及肠道菌群评价

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102463

Sutinee Plodprong , Kamonrat Suwanchaisri , Jariya Roddee , Jureemart Wangkeeree

Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL; Hermetia illucens) decompose low-value residues into high-quality nutrient biomass. Using organic waste that was locally available and taking into account biosafety concerns in feed application, we investigated the growth performance, body composition, and gut bacterial communities of BSFL fed with different waste substrates including food waste (FW), supermarket food leftovers (SU), fruit waste (FR), fruit waste mixed with soybean residue (FR + SR), and peanut coat mixed with soybean residue (PN + SR) compared with control standard substrate (CS). All substrates showed a survival rate > 95 %; however, growth parameters varied. FW resulted in higher larval biomass yields than the other substrates, producing nutritional value similar to that of CS. These substrates affect bacterial gut diversity and composition. High-throughput amplicon sequencing revealed that larval guts fed FR + SR, CS, and PN + SR had higher diversity indices. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota were identified as abundant phyla. Abundant genera included typical members of the core gut microbial community, such as Providencia, Enterococcus, and Klebsiella, with differences in their presence and relative abundances among feeding substrate types. These findings provide valuable information supporting the use of locally available organic residues in BSFL feeding. Additionally, the insights gained into bacterial diversity will contribute to establishing safety measures for the use of BSFL as food and feed.

黑兵蝇幼虫（BSFL; Hermetia illucens）将低价值的残留物分解成高质量的营养生物质。利用当地可利用的有机废物，并考虑饲料应用中的生物安全问题，研究了不同废物基质（食物垃圾（FW）、超市食品残渣（SU）、水果垃圾（FR）、水果垃圾与豆渣混合（FR + SR）和花生皮与豆渣混合（PN + SR））对BSFL生长性能、体组成和肠道细菌群落的影响，并与对照标准基质（CS）进行了比较。所有底物的存活率均为95%；然而，生长参数各不相同。FW的幼虫生物量高于其他基质，其营养价值与CS相似。这些底物影响肠道细菌的多样性和组成。高通量扩增子测序结果显示，FR + SR、CS和PN + SR喂养的幼虫肠道多样性指数较高。变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门被确定为丰富的门。丰富的属包括核心肠道微生物群落的典型成员，如普罗维登菌、肠球菌和克雷伯菌，它们的存在和相对丰度在不同的摄食底物类型中存在差异。这些发现为支持在BSFL饲养中使用当地可获得的有机残留物提供了有价值的信息。此外，对细菌多样性的深入了解将有助于建立使用BSFL作为食品和饲料的安全措施。

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引用次数: 0

Community shift of aquatic insects following waste-water treatment implementation at Dongda Creek, Taichung City, Taiwan 台中市东大溪污水处理后水生昆虫群落变化

IF 1.1 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102432

Lilibeth A. Bucol , Ching-Chen Lee , Lan-Wai Yeh , Li-Wei Wu , Jyh-Min Chiang

Urbanization and industrialization have severely degraded Taiwan’s freshwater ecosystems, including Dongda Creek in Taichung City, which received 10,000 tons of wastewater daily. To address this, a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was constructed by Tunghai University and the Taichung City Government, and its ecological impact was assessed through water quality and aquatic insect diversity monitoring before (2019–2020) and after implementation (2021–2023). Water quality measurements included temperature, pH, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, while aquatic insect communities were analyzed using diversity indices and multivariate techniques. Results revealed significant water quality improvements, including reduced fat content and total nitrogen levels, although nitrate concentrations increased. The dominance of pollution-tolerant Chironomidae declined post-WWTP, while sensitive taxa such as Baetidae, Hydrophilidae, and Libellulidae emerged, accompanied by significant increases in diversity indices (taxa richness, Shannon, and Simpson). Seasonal patterns in insect diversity became more pronounced after the WWTP became operational. Environmental variables such as pH, temperature, and biochemical oxygen demand significantly influenced insect distributions, with Chironomidae thriving under poor conditions and sensitive taxa increasing as water quality improved. This study demonstrates that WWTP implementation can enhance water quality and foster ecological recovery, as evidenced by the recolonization of sensitive aquatic insect taxa and increased diversity. These findings highlight the effectiveness of restoration projects like WWTPs in improving ecosystem health and underscore the importance of ecological monitoring in freshwater management and conservation. Dongda Creek serves as a valuable case study for guiding urban river restroration efforts in similar contexts.

城市化和工业化已经严重破坏了台湾的淡水生态系统，包括台中市的东大溪，每天接收1万吨废水。为解决这一问题，东海大学与台中市政府合作建设污水处理厂，并通过实施前（2019-2020年）和实施后（2021-2023年）的水质和水生昆虫多样性监测来评估其生态影响。水质测量包括温度、pH、养分和溶解氧，水生昆虫群落采用多样性指数和多变量技术进行分析。结果显示，水质显著改善，包括脂肪含量和总氮水平降低，尽管硝酸盐浓度增加。污水处理后，耐污染Chironomidae的优势地位下降，而Baetidae、Hydrophilidae和Libellulidae等敏感分类群出现，多样性指数（分类群丰富度、Shannon和Simpson）显著增加。在污水处理厂投入使用后，昆虫多样性的季节性模式变得更加明显。pH、温度和生化需氧量等环境变量对昆虫分布有显著影响，在恶劣条件下手摇蝇科数量增多，随着水质的改善，敏感类群数量增加。该研究表明，实施污水排放计划可以改善水质，促进生态恢复，如敏感水生昆虫类群的重新定殖和多样性的增加。这些发现强调了像污水处理厂这样的恢复项目在改善生态系统健康方面的有效性，并强调了生态监测在淡水管理和保护中的重要性。东大溪为指导类似背景下的城市河流修复工作提供了有价值的案例研究。

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引用次数: 0

Toxicity of the essential oils of Eugenia uniflora and Pogostemon cablin on field bees of Africanized Apis mellifera L., 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) 单花尤金花和广藿香精油对非洲化蜜蜂的毒性研究（膜翅目：蜂科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102452

Elizabete Artus Berte , Cristiane Lurdes Paloschi , Fernanda Raulino Domanski , Edgar de Souza Vismara , Erivelto Folhato Tolfo , Leticia da Silva Ribeiro , Natália Ramos Mertz , Vitória Alves Pereira , Silvane Zancanaro de Oliveira , Raiza Abati , Fabiana Martins Costa , Everton Ricardi Lozano da Silva , Michele Potrich

Africanized honey bee Apis mellifera is a social insect that plays a vital role in agriculture and the economy through pollination, an essential ecosystem service, and the production of several bee products. However, the sharp decline in honey bee colonies, often associated with Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), especially due to the indiscriminate use of pesticides, represents a significant threat to ecosystems and global food security. Among the alternatives under investigation to replace synthetic pesticides, essential oils or botanical insecticides stand out, although the effects on A. mellifera remain poorly understood and require further studies. This study evaluated the toxicity of essential oils from Eugenia uniflora and Pogostemon cablin on forager bees of known age (K) and unknown age (U). Three bioassays were conducted at a concentration of 0.75 % (v/v): (1) direct contact on treated surfaces; (2) spraying on bees; (3) Ingestion of food with essential oil; and analysis of flight behavior. Essential oils significantly reduced bee survival over 12 h, with more lethal effects in the group exposed to E. uniflora oil. They negatively affected flight behavior (vertical movement and recovery free fall). The toxic effects were evident regardless of honey bee age or exposure method, highlighting that although botanical insecticides are often considered safer alternatives to synthetic products, they can still pose substantial risks to pollinators. This study provides important information on pollinator conservation and may inform future regulations on botanical pesticides and guide safer integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, promoting a balance between pest control and biodiversity protection.

非洲蜜蜂是一种社会性昆虫，通过授粉、重要的生态系统服务和多种蜂产品的生产，在农业和经济中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，蜂群的急剧减少，通常与蜂群衰竭失调（CCD）有关，特别是由于滥用杀虫剂，对生态系统和全球粮食安全构成重大威胁。在正在研究的替代合成农药的替代品中，精油或植物性杀虫剂脱颖而出，尽管对蜜蜂的影响仍然知之甚少，需要进一步研究。本研究评估了单叶Eugenia uniflora和广藿香cablin精油对已知年龄(K)和未知年龄(U)的觅食蜂的毒性。以0.75% （v/v）的浓度进行三次生物测定：(1)与处理表面直接接触；（二）对蜜蜂喷洒；(3)食用含有精油的食品；以及飞行行为的分析。精油显著降低了蜜蜂在12小时内的存活率，在暴露于单叶花精油的那一组中，有更致命的影响。它们对飞行行为（垂直运动和恢复自由落体）产生负面影响。无论蜜蜂的年龄或接触方法如何，毒性作用都是明显的，这突出表明，尽管植物杀虫剂通常被认为是比合成产品更安全的替代品，但它们仍可能对传粉媒介构成重大风险。该研究为传粉媒介保护提供了重要信息，可为今后植物性农药的监管提供参考，指导更安全的害虫综合治理（IPM）策略，促进害虫防治与生物多样性保护之间的平衡。

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引用次数: 0