Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第6页

Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among western and Asian honey bees, and Eristalis tenax collected in Myanmar 缅甸西部蜜蜂和亚洲蜜蜂的遗传多样性和系统发育关系

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102479

Saw Bawm , Aye Pyae Pyae Khaing , Hlaing Min Oo , Myint Myint Mu , Ngwe Chi Hmuu , Aye Nyein Sandi Zaw , Nyunt Lwin , Hla Myet Chel , Yadanar Khaing , Shwe Yee Win , Lat Lat Htun , Shiro Murata , Satoru Konnai , Kazuhiko Ohashi , Nariaki Nonaka , Ryo Nakao , Than Naing Tun

Honey bees are valuable insects for humans in many ways and continue to benefit people’s livelihoods. Pollinator insects are essential for world food crops production. The aims of this study were to assess the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship among the honey bees and to conduct molecular characterisation of pollinator insect species in Myanmar. The Asian honey bee species (Apis cerana and A. dorsata), the European honey bee (A. mellifera) and pollinator insect (Eristalis tenax) collected from selected research stations were studied using partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. The obtained sequences were analysed using molecular evolutionary genetics and the median-joining haplotype network analysis. The phylogenetic tree divided the entire assemblage of honey bee species collected in Myanmar, including A. mellifera, A. dorsata, and A. cerana, into three major groups, along with those from other countries. The overall haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.9232) indicated a high level of genetic diversity among Myanmar honey bee populations, whereas the nucleotide diversity was relatively low for each population (π = 0.00128–0.03576). A. mellifera showed a substantial variation (P = 0.001) in molecular variants between populations and individuals within them. Two haplotypes were found in A. mellifera and one each for A. cerana, A. dorsata, and E. tenax. This baseline data strengthens our knowledge of the genetic status of indigenous and imported species in the country.

蜜蜂在许多方面对人类都是有价值的昆虫，并继续造福于人们的生计。传粉昆虫对世界粮食作物生产至关重要。本研究的目的是评估缅甸蜜蜂的遗传多样性和系统发育关系，并进行传粉昆虫物种的分子特征。利用线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶I （COI）基因的部分序列，对从选定的研究站收集的亚洲蜜蜂（Apis cerana）和A. dorsata)、欧洲蜜蜂（A. mellifera）和传粉昆虫（Eristalis tenax）进行了研究。利用分子进化遗传学和中位连接单倍型网络分析对获得的序列进行了分析。系统发育树将在缅甸收集的蜜蜂物种（包括A. mellifera， A. dorsata和A. cerana）与其他国家的蜜蜂物种一起划分为三个主要群体。总体单倍型多样性（Hd = 0.9232）表明缅甸蜜蜂居群遗传多样性水平较高，而各居群核苷酸多样性相对较低（π = 0.00128 ~ 0.03576）。蜜蜂的分子变异在种群间和个体间存在显著差异（P = 0.001）。在蜜蜂中发现2个单倍型，在中国蜜蜂、dorsata和tenax中各发现1个单倍型。这一基线数据加强了我们对该国本地物种和进口物种遗传状况的了解。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of ethanol exposure and withdrawal on olfactory sensitivity and learning and memory in honeybees(Apis mellifera) 乙醇暴露和戒断对蜜蜂嗅觉敏感性和学习记忆的影响

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102476

Zhiyue Yang , Ting Xiong , Daohao Xie, Minghua Yang, Yahui Li

Alcohol abuse poses a global health concern. This study examines how alcohol exposure and withdrawal affect honeybees’ (Apis mellifera) learning, memory, and olfactory sensitivity areas still largely unknown. It provides scientific evidence to understand behavioral changes from alcohol and withdrawal. The study consisted of two experiments: (1) Acute ethanol exposure: honeybees were fed with sucrose solutions containing 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % ethanol for 72 h; (2) Alcohol withdrawal experiment: The continuous exposure group was fed a 10 % ethanol solution for 10 days. The withdrawal group received ethanol for the first 5 days, then switched to a 50 % sucrose solution for the remaining 5 days. The control group was fed a 50 % sucrose solution all along. Daily mortality was recorded for all groups. On day 10, sucrose sensitivity and learning and memory abilities (via the proboscis extension response, PER) were tested. Our results demonstrated that Ethanol decreases honeybee survival in a dose − and time − dependent manner, and withdrawal increases mortality. Both continuous exposure and withdrawal seriously undermine honeybees’ learning and long − term memory, implying ethanol − induced cognitive damage is irreversible. Gene expression analysis shows that in the withdrawal group, Mrjp1, CREB, Obp16, and Dop3 genes linked to bees’ neural activity have lower expression levels than the control group. Mrjp1 and CREB expression are also lower than in the continuous exposure group. This study offers new evidence into alcohol’s effects on insect nervous systems, and provides insights into related disorders in human health.

酗酒是一个全球性的健康问题。这项研究探讨了酒精暴露和戒断如何影响蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）的学习、记忆和嗅觉敏感区域，这些区域在很大程度上仍然未知。它为理解酒精和戒断带来的行为变化提供了科学证据。研究包括两个实验：(1)急性乙醇暴露：蜜蜂分别饲喂含有5%、10%、20%和30%乙醇的蔗糖溶液72 h；(2)酒精戒断实验：连续暴露组灌胃10%乙醇溶液10 d。戒断组在前5天接受乙醇治疗，然后在剩下的5天改用50%的蔗糖溶液。对照组长期饲喂50%蔗糖溶液。记录所有组的每日死亡率。第10天，测试蔗糖敏感性和学习记忆能力（通过长鼻延伸反应，PER）。我们的研究结果表明，乙醇会以剂量和时间依赖的方式降低蜜蜂的存活率，并且停药会增加死亡率。持续接触和戒断酒精都会严重损害蜜蜂的学习和长期记忆，这意味着酒精引起的认知损伤是不可逆的。基因表达分析显示，戒断组与蜜蜂神经活动相关的Mrjp1、CREB、Obp16和Dop3基因表达水平低于对照组。Mrjp1和CREB的表达也低于持续暴露组。这项研究为酒精对昆虫神经系统的影响提供了新的证据，并为人类健康的相关疾病提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Insecticidal and antibacterial properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) synthesized from Phoebe zhennan leaf extract 竹叶提取物合成氧化锌纳米粒子的杀虫抑菌性能

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102474

Arshad Ali , Kirshan Chand , Chenghu Liu , Asfandyar , Ali Hassan , Hammad Hassan , Xiaolong Liu , Min Lu

Chemical insecticides are used to control most insect pests, which are harmful to the environment and humans. In this study, green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was carried out by using extracts from the Phoebe zhennan plant leaf. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful synthesis and structural characteristics of nanoparticles. The forest insect pest Plagiodera versicolora Laicharting is used to evaluate the bioactivity of nanoparticles. Mortality in P. versicolora was found to be dose- and time-dependent after different treatments of nanoparticles. The study determined the lethal concentration values (LC₅₀ and LC₉₀) of nanoparticles against P. versicolora, revealing a time-dependent efficacy with the LC₅₀ of 22.47 mg/L and LC₉₀ of 81.2 mg/L at 96 h. The findings revealed the lethal time values (LT₅₀ and LT₉₀) of the nanoparticles against P. versicolora, with maximum efficacy observed at a concentration of 50 mg/L, resulting in an LT₅₀ of 27.24 h and an LT₉₀ of 62.71 h. In addition, the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles was also evaluated against Bacillus subtilis, and the results showed significant inhibition of bacterial growth in a dose-dependent manner. The study demonstrated the potential of nanoparticles as an insect control and antimicrobial agent. This research provides valuable insights into the green synthesis of nanoparticles and emphasizes the need for further exploration of their safety and efficacy in various practical applications.

化学杀虫剂用于控制大多数对环境和人类有害的害虫。本研究以真南叶提取物为原料，进行了氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO-NPs）的绿色合成。x射线衍射、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、紫外可见光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）证实了纳米颗粒的成功合成和结构特征。利用森林害虫花斑曲蝗（Plagiodera versicolora Laicharting）对纳米颗粒的生物活性进行了评价。在不同的纳米颗粒处理后，发现斑孢霉的死亡率与剂量和时间有关。实验测定了纳米颗粒对紫斑拟虫的致死浓度（LC50和LC90）， 96 h时LC50和LC90分别为22.47 mg/L和81.2 mg/L，具有时间依赖性。结果表明，纳米颗粒对紫斑拟虫的致死时间（LT50和LT90）在浓度为50 mg/L时达到最大，LT50和LT90分别为27.24 h和62.71 h。纳米颗粒对枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌活性也进行了评估，结果表明纳米颗粒对枯草芽孢杆菌的生长有明显的抑制作用，且呈剂量依赖性。该研究证明了纳米颗粒作为昆虫控制和抗菌剂的潜力。本研究为纳米颗粒的绿色合成提供了有价值的见解，并强调了在各种实际应用中进一步探索其安全性和有效性的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

The suitability of artificial diets containing diverse pollen grains to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner): Population growth performance and antioxidant enzymes activities 不同花粉粒人工饲料对棉铃虫的适宜性：种群生长性能和抗氧化酶活性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102473

Fatemeh Kefayat , Seyed Ali Hemmati , Arash Rasekh , Fatemeh Nasernakhaei

In recent years, improving host quality for parasitoids has gained attention due to its importance in providing adequate nutrition for immature stages and ensuring successful adult reproduction. Incorporation of plant materials into artificial diets can significantly influence the performance of host insects. This study evaluated the effects of supplementing a basic artificial diet (control) with various pollen grains (glossy shower, hollyhock, honey bee, maize, date palm, rapeseed, saffron, and sunflower) on population growth performance and antioxidant enzymes activities of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a commonly used host for parasitoid rearing. All pollen–contained diets supported complete development of H. armigera, though its performance varied among treatments. The shortest developmental time was recorded in larvae fed on the date palm–pollen–contained artificial diet. The female fecundity was highest on date palm–pollen–contained diet (1140.53 offspring), compared to the control diet (331.41 offspring). The intrinsic rate of increase (r) ranged from 0.109 to 0.162 day⁻¹, being highest on honey bee- and date palm–pollen–contained diets and lowest on glossy shower-pollen-contained diet. Meanwhile, the shortest mean generation time (T) was obtained on date palm–pollen–contained diet. The antioxidant enzymes activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were elevated in larvae fed on maize–, glossy shower–, and saffron–pollen–contained diets, respectively. The cluster analysis confirmed that the date palm–pollen–incorporated artificial diet most effectively enhanced the quality of H. armigera and thus, can be recommended for use in rearing of this species.

近年来，提高寄主质量对于为未成熟阶段提供足够的营养和确保成虫成功繁殖具有重要意义，因此受到了人们的关注。在人工饲料中添加植物材料可显著影响寄主昆虫的生产性能。研究了在基础人工饲粮（对照）中添加不同花粉粒（花洒、山葵、蜜蜂、玉米、枣椰树、油菜籽、藏红花和向日葵）对棉铃虫（Helicoverpa armigera h bner）种群生长性能和抗氧化酶活性的影响。棉铃虫是寄生蜂饲养的常用寄主。所有含有花粉的饮食都支持棉铃虫的完全发育，尽管其表现在不同的处理中有所不同。以含椰枣花粉的人工饲料饲喂的幼虫发育时间最短。椰枣花粉组雌蜂繁殖力最高，为1140.53只，而对照组为331.41只。内在增长率(r)范围为0.109 ~ 0.162天−1，在含有蜜蜂和椰枣花粉的日粮中最高，在含有光面花花粉的日粮中最低。同时，椰枣花粉饲粮的平均世代时间(T)最短。饲粮中玉米、花洒和藏红花花粉分别提高了幼虫的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。聚类分析结果表明，以椰枣花粉为主要成分的人工饲料能有效提高棉铃虫的品质，可推荐用于棉铃虫的饲养。

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引用次数: 0

Possible interactive risk of copper hydroxide, inorganic bactericide of fire blight with dinotefuran and triflumizole on honey bee 氢氧化铜、无机杀菌剂与呋喃、三氟唑对蜜蜂可能的交互作用风险

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102475

Hyeonjeong Jang , Tekalign Begna , Sukjun Sun , Delgermaa Ulziibayar , Chuleui Jung

In spring 2021, abnormal honey bee mortality was observed near apple orchards in Cheongsong, South Korea, following copper-based fire blight control. This study evaluated the acute toxicity of copper hydroxide and basic copper sulfate to honey bees, assessed residue levels in field-collected bees, and investigated potential synergistic effects with co-occurring pesticides. Five-step serial dilutions of the recommended field concentration (RFC) were used for acute oral and contact toxicity assays. ICP-OES was used to quantify copper residues in lab-exposed and field-collected bees, while multi-residue pesticide analysis was performed with LC-MS/MS and GC–MS/MS. Copper hydroxide showed the highest oral toxicity, with both LD₅₀ and HQ values indicating moderate toxicity. Field-collected bees exhibited higher copper bioaccumulation than control, comparable to lab-exposed bees with a 10⁻² RFC dilution, which remained well under the LC₅₀. This implies that copper alone is not the cause of the witnessed phenomenon. Among detected pesticides, dinotefuran exhibited high HQ values, exceeding elevated risk threshold. Triflumizole and buprofezin showed minimal risk; however, triflumizole was considered likely to interact with dinotefuran, with their short half-lives potentially contributing to increased toxicity in bees. The combination of copper, dinotefuran, and triflumizole suggests potential interactive toxicity contributing to the observed mortality. These findings underscore the need to account for pesticide mixtures in practical management strategies, as even low-risk compounds can contribute to elevated toxicity when applied together. To prevent unintended harm to honey bees, a more integrated and pollinator-conscious approach to pesticide use is essential.

2021年春季，在韩国青松市的苹果园附近，在铜基火疫病防治之后，观察到蜜蜂死亡率异常。本研究评估了氢氧化铜和碱式硫酸铜对蜜蜂的急性毒性，评估了现场采集蜜蜂的残留水平，并研究了它们与共效农药的潜在协同效应。五步连续稀释推荐场浓度（RFC）用于急性口服和接触毒性试验。采用ICP-OES定量实验室接触和野外采集的蜜蜂体内铜残留，采用LC-MS/MS和GC-MS /MS进行多残留农药分析。氢氧化铜的口服毒性最高，LD50和HQ值均为中等毒性。野外采集的蜜蜂表现出比对照更高的铜生物积累，与实验室暴露的蜜蜂相比，RFC稀释为10−2，但仍保持在LC50以下。这意味着铜本身并不是所见现象的原因。在检测到的农药中，敌敌畏的HQ值较高，超过了风险升高阈值。三氟唑和丁丙非津风险最小；然而，三氟唑被认为可能与呋虫胺相互作用，它们的半衰期较短，可能会增加蜜蜂的毒性。铜、呋虫胺和三氟唑的联合作用提示潜在的相互作用毒性导致观察到的死亡率。这些发现强调了在实际管理策略中考虑农药混合物的必要性，因为即使是低风险化合物在一起使用时也可能导致毒性升高。为了防止对蜜蜂造成意外伤害，对农药的使用采取一种更综合、更注重传粉媒介的方法至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of environmentally-acquired gut symbionts on fitness and behavior of adult female host, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) 环境获得性肠道共生体对成年雌寄主步行Riptortus（半翅目：盲蝽科）适应度和行为的影响

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102469

Minhyung Jung, Joo-Young Kim, Doo-Hyung Lee

Bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae), acquires its symbiotic bacteria belonging to family Burkholderiaceae from soil environments in every generation. Beneficial effects of its symbiotic bacteria have been demonstrated mainly with immature stages of R. pedestris, while remaining their effects on adult biology largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated effects of the gut symbiont, Caballeronia insecticola, on fitness and behavior traits of female R. pedestris adults. First, the symbiotic bacteria exerted adverse effects on survivorship, with which survival rates decreased to 86.7 % and 56.7 % in apo-symbiotic and symbiotic females, respectively, at 60 days after adult emergence. Despite a reduced longevity of symbiotic females, the fecundity of symbiotic insects was on average 2.0-fold greater than that of apo-symbiotic ones during this period. We also evaluated overwintering survivorship in laboratory conditions and found that symbiotic females exhibited significantly higher survivorship than that of apo-symbiotic ones. Second, behavioral assays demonstrated that symbiotic R. pedestris displayed enhanced feeding efficiency by consuming higher amounts of soybean per feeding attempt. For both walking and flight capacity, symbiosis yielded significant increases in mobility than apo-symbiotic ones. In particular, symbiotic females flew on average 1.3 km over 4 h, which was 138.1-fold greater than apo-symbiotic ones. Finally, symbiotic females were less susceptible to an organophosphate insecticide, fenitrothion, yielding the lethal concentrations for 50 % (LC₅₀) at 72.4 ppm and 92.4 ppm for apo-symbiotic and symbiotic groups, respectively. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the symbiotic effects on female R. pedestris would favor the host population growth.

豆虫Riptortus stris（半翅目：豆虫科）每一代都从土壤环境中获得属于Burkholderiaceae的共生细菌。其共生细菌的有益作用主要体现在未成熟阶段，而对成虫生物学的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究研究了肠道共生体卡瓦隆菌（cabalalleronia）对雌性步行田鼠成虫健康和行为特征的影响。首先，共生菌对成虫的存活率有不利影响，在成虫羽化后60天，共生菌和非共生菌的成虫存活率分别降至86.7%和56.7%。尽管共生雌虫寿命缩短，但在此期间，共生昆虫的繁殖力平均比非共生昆虫高2.0倍。我们还在实验室条件下评估了越冬存活率，发现共生雌虫的存活率明显高于非共生雌虫。其次，行为分析表明，共生性的步行街鼠通过每次进食更多的大豆而表现出更高的摄食效率。对于行走和飞行能力，共生产生显著的流动性比非共生的。特别是，共生雌性在4小时内的平均飞行距离为1.3公里，是非共生雌性的138.1倍。最后，共生雌虫对有机磷杀虫剂菲硝硫磷的敏感性较低，在72.4 ppm和92.4 ppm时，共生雌虫的致死浓度分别为50% （LC50）。综上所述，我们的研究表明，雌性步行鼠的共生效应有利于寄主种群的增长。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoemulsions of Leucaena leucocephala wood vinegar and main constituents exhibit high mosquitocidal activity against larvae of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) via oxidative stress and neurotoxicity 白头翁木醋纳米乳剂及其主要成分通过氧化应激和神经毒性对淡纹库蚊幼虫表现出较高的杀蚊活性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102471

Nehad E.M. Taktak , Noura A. Hassan , Hesham M. Aly , Mohamed E.I. Badawy

The present study investigates the mosquitocidal efficacy and biochemical effect of Leucaena leucocephala wood vinegar, its major chemical constituents (2-methoxy-p-creosol and o-guaiacol), and their nanoemulsion formulations against Culex pipiens larvae. The larvicidal bioassay revealed that the products exhibited time- and concentration-dependent toxicity against larvae, with nanoemulsion formulations significantly enhanced efficacy, especially for 2-methoxy-p-cresol, which achieved an exceptionally low LC₅₀ of 0.09 mg/L after 48 h of exposure. Biochemical assays confirmed substantial alterations in larval enzyme activity, indicating oxidative stress and neurotoxic effects induced by the treatments. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis identified key bioactive compounds, including 2-methoxy-p-creosol (18.48 % peak area) and o-guaiacol (17.32 % peak area), which were further evaluated through molecular docking against target enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and carboxylesterase (CarE). Docking results demonstrated strong binding affinities, suggesting potential mechanisms of action. These findings highlight the potential of L. leucocephala wood vinegar and its nanoformulations as eco-friendly, plant-based mosquito control agents with promising bioactivity at both physiological and molecular levels.

研究了银合子木醋及其主要化学成分（2-甲氧基-对甲酚和邻愈创木酚）及其纳米乳制剂对淡库蚊幼虫的杀蚊效果和生化效果。生物测定结果表明，该产品对幼虫的毒性具有时间和浓度依赖性，纳米乳配方显著增强了对幼虫的毒性，特别是对2-甲氧基-对甲酚，在48 h后达到了极低的LC50，为0.09 mg/L。生化分析证实了幼虫酶活性的实质性变化，表明处理引起的氧化应激和神经毒性作用。气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析鉴定出关键的生物活性化合物，包括2-甲氧基-对甲酚（18.48 %峰面积）和邻愈木酚（17.32 %峰面积），并通过与靶酶乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）、腺苷三磷酸酶（ATPase）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）和羧酸酯酶（CarE）的分子对接进一步评价。对接结果显示出较强的结合亲和力，提示潜在的作用机制。这些发现突出了L. leucocephala木醋及其纳米制剂作为生态友好型植物基灭蚊剂的潜力，在生理和分子水平上都具有良好的生物活性。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the feasibility of ethyl formate fumigation as a stand-alone phytosanitary treatment of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in mandarin fruit 评价甲酸乙酯熏蒸单独处理桔小实蝇（双翅目：绢蝇科）的可行性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102466

Tae‐Hyung Kwon , Dongbin Kim , Kyeongnam Kim , Gwang-Hyun Roh , Bong-Su Kim , Sung-Eun Lee , Jia-Wei Tay , Byung-Ho Lee , Dong H. Cha

Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is one of the most destructive quarantine pests of fruits and vegetables, with increasing incursions reported worldwide. During a B. dorsalis outbreak, all fruits and potential host materials within the quarantine area are destroyed to prevent further spread. As a first step toward developing an emergency treatment to allow fruit movement from a B. dorsalis quarantine area, we evaluated the feasibility of using ethyl formate (EF) fumigation as a stand-alone phytosanitary treatment against B. dorsalis. In EF efficacy trials with B. dorsalis eggs and larvae in the absence of fruit (naked conditions), eggs were the most tolerant life stage, with LCt₉₉ values—lethal concentration × time products that cause 99 % mortality—of 716.9 and 1,271.0 g h/m³ at 20 and 4 °C, respectively, followed by first and third instar larvae. When B. dorsalis were artificially inoculated into mandarin fruit, significantly greater EF doses were necessary to control B. dorsalis inside fruit, with the LCt₉₉ values for eggs increased to 1,606.0 and 1,761.0 at 20 and 4 °C, respectively. Although these calculated EF doses were effective against B. dorsalis, they caused significant damage to quality of mandarins, including reduced sugar content and increased fruit decay. These findings indicate that EF fumigation alone is not a feasible stand-alone treatment for disinfesting B. dorsalis in mandarins. We discuss future research directions aimed at maintaining treatment efficacy while minimizing fruit damage by combining EF fumigation with other phytosanitary treatments.

桔小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis）是最具破坏性的水果和蔬菜检疫性害虫之一，在世界范围内的入侵越来越多。在桃芽孢杆菌暴发期间，应销毁隔离区内的所有水果和潜在宿主材料，以防止进一步传播。作为开发一种紧急处理方法的第一步，我们评估了使用甲酸乙酯（EF）熏蒸作为一种独立的植物检疫处理方法的可行性。在无果条件下（裸条件下）对桔色白僵虫卵和幼虫的EF药效试验中，卵是最耐受的生命阶段，在20°C和4°C条件下，LCt99值（致死浓度×致死率为99%的时间产物）分别为716.9和1271.0 g h/m3，其次是1龄和3龄幼虫。在柑桔果实中人工接种红僵菌时，对果内红僵菌的控制需要更大的EF剂量，在20°C和4°C时，虫卵的LCt99值分别增加到1,606.0和1,761.0。虽然这些计算出的EF剂量对桔芽孢杆菌有效，但它们对柑橘的质量造成了严重损害，包括糖含量降低和果实腐烂增加。这些结果表明，单纯的EF熏蒸不是一种可行的单独处理柑橘桔色双歧杆菌的方法。我们讨论了未来的研究方向，旨在通过将EF熏蒸与其他植物检疫处理相结合，在保持处理效果的同时最大限度地减少对果实的损害。

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引用次数: 0

The first cixiid planthopper (Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae) from Lower Cretaceous Jinju Formation (Republic of Korea) 韩国下白垩世晋州组第一种慈禧飞虱（狐形目：慈禧科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102472

Mathieu Boderau , Gi-Soo Nam , Corentin Jouault , André Nel

A new extinct genus and species of Cixiidae are described as Jinjucixius fui gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Cretaceous of Jinju Formation (Republic of Korea). This new taxon is one of the earliest representatives of Cixiidae and extends the fossil record of the family to this outcrop, being the first Fulgoromorpha described from this formation. The description of this new taxon allowed us to discuss the phylogenetic relationships between cixiid lineages.

报道了韩国晋州组下白垩世晋州组的晋州属（Jinjucixius fui gen. et sp. 11 .）一新灭绝属和种。这一新分类单元是最早的刺尾科代表之一，并将该科的化石记录扩展到该露头，是该地层中描述的第一个富goromorpha。这一新分类群的描述使我们能够讨论水蛭系之间的系统发育关系。

引用次数: 0

Polyadenylate-binding proteins are essential for the molting development of locusts 聚腺苷酸结合蛋白对蝗虫的蜕皮发育至关重要

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102470

Tao Li , Yayin Li , Weimin Liu , Jianzhen Zhang , Xiaoming Zhao

Polyadenylate-binding proteins (PABPs) are critical for mRNA stability, translation, and decay in eukaryotes. However, their specific roles in regulating molt-related gene stability in insects remain unclear. Here, we characterize two PABP genes, LmPABP1 and LmPABP2, in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria. Phylogenetic analysis revealed LmPABP1 as a cytoplasmic PABP (PABPC) and LmPABP2 as a nuclear PABP (PABPN). Tissue-specific expression profiling showed that LmPABP1 is highly expressed in the integument and gut during the fifth instar, while LmPABP2 expression exhibits stage-specific fluctuations. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of LmPABP1 caused 100% mortality in both fourth- and fifth-instar nymphs, whereas silencing LmPABP2 led to varied mortality during pre-, mid-, and post-molting stages. Histological analysis showed disrupted cuticle dissolution in LmPABP1-silenced locusts and delayed dissolution in LmPABP2-depleted individuals. Critically, LmPABP1 knockdown significantly downregulated key chitin metabolism genes (LmCht5, LmCht10, and LmUAP1). Furthermore, actinomycin D treatment confirmed that LmPABP1 silencing accelerates decay of LmCht5 and LmCht10 mRNAs, indicating its essential role in mRNA stabilization. This study delineates the functional divergence of cytoplasmic LmPABP1 and nuclear LmPABP2 in post-transcriptional regulation, specifically stabilizing chitinase mRNAs during locust molting, offering potential molecular targets for developing novel pest control strategies.

聚腺苷酸结合蛋白（PABPs）对真核生物mRNA的稳定性、翻译和衰变至关重要。然而，它们在调节昆虫蜕皮相关基因稳定性中的具体作用尚不清楚。在这里，我们对迁徙蝗虫的两个PABP基因LmPABP1和LmPABP2进行了表征。系统发育分析表明LmPABP1是细胞质PABP (PABPC)， LmPABP2是核PABP （PABPN）。组织特异性表达谱显示，LmPABP1在第5龄时在肠管和肠管中高表达，而LmPABP2的表达则呈现阶段性波动。RNA干扰介导的LmPABP1基因敲低可导致4龄和5龄若虫100%的死亡率，而LmPABP2基因沉默可导致脱毛前、脱毛中和脱毛后阶段的死亡率变化。组织学分析显示，lmpabp1沉默的蝗虫的角质层溶解中断，而lmpabp2缺失的蝗虫的角质层溶解延迟。关键的是，LmPABP1敲低显著下调了关键的几丁质代谢基因（LmCht5、LmCht10和LmUAP1）。此外，放线菌素D治疗证实LmPABP1沉默加速了LmCht5和LmCht10 mRNA的衰变，表明其在mRNA稳定中起重要作用。本研究揭示了蝗虫胞质LmPABP1和细胞核LmPABP2在转录后调控中的功能差异，特别是在蝗虫蜕皮过程中稳定几丁质酶mrna，为开发新的害虫防治策略提供了潜在的分子靶点。

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