Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102507
Subin Choi , Hyojoong Kim , Heung-Sik Lee , Wanggyu Kim , Cesar Rodriguez-Saona , Hye-Min Byun , Minjoon Kang , Jongmin Bae , Jaekook Park , Sumin Oh , Eunji Kim , Jung-Wook Kim , Chang Yeol Yang , Sohee Kim , Sunghoon Jung
The blueberry gall midge, Dasineura oxycoccana (Johnson) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), has been a significant pest of blueberries in Korea since first officially reported in 2010. Field surveys conducted from 2011 to 2013 and again in 2020 aimed to assess the distribution of this pest across Korea and confirm its species identity using molecular and morphological analyses. Our findings reveal that the primary pest collected from blueberry farms in 2020 was predominantly Prodiplosis vaccinii (Felt), rather than D. oxycoccana. This suggests that P. vaccinii is a newly introduced species in Korea, which has replaced D. oxycoccana as the major blueberry pest. This study marks the first report of P. vaccinii in Korea. We provide morphological and molecular evidence for this newly identified pest, along with a brief overview of its biology, and present a scenario why those were replaced based on eco-friendly control strategy in Korea.
{"title":"Replacing the old one: a newly introduced blueberry tip midge, Prodiplosis vaccinii (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Korea","authors":"Subin Choi , Hyojoong Kim , Heung-Sik Lee , Wanggyu Kim , Cesar Rodriguez-Saona , Hye-Min Byun , Minjoon Kang , Jongmin Bae , Jaekook Park , Sumin Oh , Eunji Kim , Jung-Wook Kim , Chang Yeol Yang , Sohee Kim , Sunghoon Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The blueberry gall midge, <em>Dasineura oxycoccana</em> (Johnson) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), has been a significant pest of blueberries in Korea since first officially reported in 2010. Field surveys conducted from 2011 to 2013 and again in 2020 aimed to assess the distribution of this pest across Korea and confirm its species identity using molecular and morphological analyses. Our findings reveal that the primary pest collected from blueberry farms in 2020 was predominantly <em>Prodiplosis vaccinii</em> (Felt), rather than <em>D</em>. <em>oxycoccana</em>. This suggests that <em>P</em>. <em>vaccinii</em> is a newly introduced species in Korea, which has replaced <em>D</em>. <em>oxycoccana</em> as the major blueberry pest. This study marks the first report of <em>P</em>. <em>vaccinii</em> in Korea. We provide morphological and molecular evidence for this newly identified pest, along with a brief overview of its biology, and present a scenario why those were replaced based on eco-friendly control strategy in Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102464
D.P. Logan , C.A. Rowe
Passionvine hopper, Scolypopa australis (Walker)(PVH) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) is a serious pest of kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) grown in New Zealand. Production is affected by the sooty mould fungi that grow on honeydew-covered fruits. PVH have a one-year lifecycle, with eggs as the longest-lived and overwintering stage. Some aspects of the lifecycle of PVH such as adult reproductive behaviour remain relatively poorly known. The aim of this study was to determine when egg laying occurred in wild PVH populations in the Bay of Plenty, the main kiwifruit production region in New Zealand. PVH oviposition was determined using balsa wood sticks at four sites over four years. Eggs were laid between mid-summer and mid-autumn with peak oviposition from mid-March to mid-April. After a 1–2- week pre-oviposition period, females laid on average 794 eggs when caged in a group with males and provided with a choice of host plants. Longevity of females was on average 5.6 weeks with the longest-lived 21 weeks old. Females were synovigenic and appear capable of rapid oocyte development and laying batches of eggs more than once a week. Mating occurred predominantly after dusk; oviposition increased after dusk but was also observed throughout the day. This study provides new information on the reproductive behaviour of PVH that is important for understanding the ecology of the population and developing management options involving adult behaviour.
{"title":"Phenology of oviposition and reproductive behaviour of the invasive plant hopper Scolypopa australis (Walker) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae)","authors":"D.P. Logan , C.A. Rowe","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passionvine hopper, <em>Scolypopa australis</em> (Walker)(PVH) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae) is a serious pest of kiwifruit (<em>Actinidia chinensis</em>) grown in New Zealand. Production is affected by the sooty mould fungi that grow on honeydew-covered fruits. PVH have a one-year lifecycle, with eggs as the longest-lived and overwintering stage. Some aspects of the lifecycle of PVH such as adult reproductive behaviour remain relatively poorly known. The aim of this study was to determine when egg laying occurred in wild PVH populations in the Bay of Plenty, the main kiwifruit production region in New Zealand. PVH oviposition was determined using balsa wood sticks at four sites over four years. Eggs were laid between mid-summer and mid-autumn with peak oviposition from mid-March to mid-April. After a 1–2- week pre-oviposition period, females laid on average 794 eggs when caged in a group with males and provided with a choice of host plants. Longevity of females was on average 5.6 weeks with the longest-lived 21 weeks old. Females were synovigenic and appear capable of rapid oocyte development and laying batches of eggs more than once a week. Mating occurred predominantly after dusk; oviposition increased after dusk but was also observed throughout the day. This study provides new information on the reproductive behaviour of PVH that is important for understanding the ecology of the population and developing management options involving adult behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102464"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102476
Zhiyue Yang , Ting Xiong , Daohao Xie, Minghua Yang, Yahui Li
Alcohol abuse poses a global health concern. This study examines how alcohol exposure and withdrawal affect honeybees’ (Apis mellifera) learning, memory, and olfactory sensitivity areas still largely unknown. It provides scientific evidence to understand behavioral changes from alcohol and withdrawal. The study consisted of two experiments: (1) Acute ethanol exposure: honeybees were fed with sucrose solutions containing 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % ethanol for 72 h; (2) Alcohol withdrawal experiment: The continuous exposure group was fed a 10 % ethanol solution for 10 days. The withdrawal group received ethanol for the first 5 days, then switched to a 50 % sucrose solution for the remaining 5 days. The control group was fed a 50 % sucrose solution all along. Daily mortality was recorded for all groups. On day 10, sucrose sensitivity and learning and memory abilities (via the proboscis extension response, PER) were tested. Our results demonstrated that Ethanol decreases honeybee survival in a dose − and time − dependent manner, and withdrawal increases mortality. Both continuous exposure and withdrawal seriously undermine honeybees’ learning and long − term memory, implying ethanol − induced cognitive damage is irreversible. Gene expression analysis shows that in the withdrawal group, Mrjp1, CREB, Obp16, and Dop3 genes linked to bees’ neural activity have lower expression levels than the control group. Mrjp1 and CREB expression are also lower than in the continuous exposure group. This study offers new evidence into alcohol’s effects on insect nervous systems, and provides insights into related disorders in human health.
{"title":"Effects of ethanol exposure and withdrawal on olfactory sensitivity and learning and memory in honeybees(Apis mellifera)","authors":"Zhiyue Yang , Ting Xiong , Daohao Xie, Minghua Yang, Yahui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alcohol abuse poses a global health concern. This study examines how alcohol exposure and withdrawal affect honeybees’ (<em>Apis mellifera</em>) learning, memory, and olfactory sensitivity areas still largely unknown. It provides scientific evidence to understand behavioral changes from alcohol and withdrawal. The study consisted of two experiments: (1) Acute ethanol exposure: honeybees were fed with sucrose solutions containing 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % ethanol for 72 h; (2) Alcohol withdrawal experiment: The continuous exposure group was fed a 10 % ethanol solution for 10 days. The withdrawal group received ethanol for the first 5 days, then switched to a 50 % sucrose solution for the remaining 5 days. The control group was fed a 50 % sucrose solution all along. Daily mortality was recorded for all groups. On day 10, sucrose sensitivity and learning and memory abilities (via the proboscis extension response, PER) were tested. Our results demonstrated that Ethanol decreases honeybee survival in a dose − and time − dependent manner, and withdrawal increases mortality. Both continuous exposure and withdrawal seriously undermine honeybees’ learning and long − term memory, implying ethanol − induced cognitive damage is irreversible. Gene expression analysis shows that in the withdrawal group, <em>Mrjp1</em>, <em>CREB</em>, <em>Obp16</em>, and <em>Dop3</em> genes linked to bees’ neural activity have lower expression levels than the control group. <em>Mrjp1</em> and <em>CREB</em> expression are also lower than in the continuous exposure group. This study offers new evidence into alcohol’s effects on insect nervous systems, and provides insights into related disorders in human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102510
Daniel García-López , Yolanda Moguel-Ordoñez , Yasser Chim-Chi , Luis Chel-Guerrero , David Betancur-Ancona
Insects have attracted worldwide interest as a future food source due to their high nutritional value, their ability to be farmed with limited resources, and their reduced environmental impact. The honeybee (A. mellifera) is considered one of the most important and beneficial insects. The aim of this study was to investigate the prospects for honeybee brood, larvae, and early and late pupae of drones and workers as new standards for human nutrition, determining their proximate composition, mineral content, and lipid nutritional indices. The findings revealed that honeybee brood exhibited high protein and fat contents, with workers and drones’ late pupae standing out with protein levels of 44 %, while early pupae had the highest lipid levels, with 22 % for drones and 23 % for workers. Potassium and iron were the predominant minerals in both drone and worker samples. Lipid analysis revealed a high proportion of palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids, particularly in workers, with the late pupa stage in both castes presenting the highest nutritional lipid indices. These results emphasize the nutritional potential of bee brood, especially late pupae, as a functional ingredient in food, rich in protein and fat, and possessing a lipid profile favorable to human health.
{"title":"Proximate composition, mineral profile, and nutritional lipid indices of drone and worker brood of honeybee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758)","authors":"Daniel García-López , Yolanda Moguel-Ordoñez , Yasser Chim-Chi , Luis Chel-Guerrero , David Betancur-Ancona","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects have attracted worldwide interest as a future food source due to their high nutritional value, their ability to be farmed with limited resources, and their reduced environmental impact. The honeybee (<em>A. mellifera</em>) is considered one of the most important and beneficial insects. The aim of this study was to investigate the prospects for honeybee brood, larvae, and early and late pupae of drones and workers as new standards for human nutrition, determining their proximate composition, mineral content, and lipid nutritional indices. The findings revealed that honeybee brood exhibited high protein and fat contents, with workers and drones’ late pupae standing out with protein levels of 44 %, while early pupae had the highest lipid levels, with 22 % for drones and 23 % for workers. Potassium and iron were the predominant minerals in both drone and worker samples. Lipid analysis revealed a high proportion of palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids, particularly in workers, with the late pupa stage in both castes presenting the highest nutritional lipid indices. These results emphasize the nutritional potential of bee brood, especially late pupae, as a functional ingredient in food, rich in protein and fat, and possessing a lipid profile favorable to human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tirathaba rufivena Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a major pest of palm plants, causing severe yield losses in areca nut cultivation in Hainan, China. The adult stage is critical for reproduction, exhibiting pronounced sexual dimorphism in physiology, behavior, and reproductive anatomy. However, genomic and transcriptomic studies on T. rufivena remain limited. This study aimed to increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of T. rufivena and elucidate the molecular basis of sexual dimorphism using PacBio SMRT and Illumina sequencing. A total of 19.8 GB of clean data was generated, yielding 34,387 non-redundant full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were characterized, with mononucleotide repeats being the most abundant. Coding sequence prediction identified 27,738 open reading frames (ORFs), including 23,137 complete ORFs, while 8,427 lncRNAs and 1,462 transcription factors were annotated. Differential expression analysis identified 6,147 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between adult females and males. Female-biased genes were enriched in reproductive and translational functions, including “rRNA processing” and “ribosome biogenesis,” reflecting the biological demands of oocyte development and embryogenesis. In contrast, male-biased genes were associated with energy metabolism pathways, including the “tricarboxylic acid cycle” and “oxidative phosphorylation,” supporting their energetically intensive roles in courtship and pheromone synthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of sexual dimorphism, reproduction and sex-specific behaviors in T. rufivena, offering a foundation for future research and highlighting potential targets for sustainable pest management.
{"title":"Full-length transcriptome analysis reveals molecular basis of sexual dimorphism in the palm pest Tirathaba rufivena Walker","authors":"Jixing Guo, Keying Wang, Xufeng Zhang, Hongchao Yuan, Xiang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Tirathaba rufivena</em> Walker (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a major pest of palm plants, causing severe yield losses in areca nut cultivation in Hainan, China. The adult stage is critical for reproduction, exhibiting pronounced sexual dimorphism in physiology, behavior, and reproductive anatomy. However, genomic and transcriptomic studies on <em>T. rufivena</em> remain limited. This study aimed to increase our understanding of the molecular characteristics of <em>T. rufivena</em> and elucidate the molecular basis of sexual dimorphism using PacBio SMRT and Illumina sequencing. A total of 19.8 GB of clean data was generated, yielding 34,387 non-redundant full-length non-chimeric (FLNC) reads. Simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were characterized, with mononucleotide repeats being the most abundant. Coding sequence prediction identified 27,738 open reading frames (ORFs), including 23,137 complete ORFs, while 8,427 lncRNAs and 1,462 transcription factors were annotated. Differential expression analysis identified 6,147 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between adult females and males. Female-biased genes were enriched in reproductive and translational functions, including “rRNA processing” and “ribosome biogenesis,” reflecting the biological demands of oocyte development and embryogenesis. In contrast, male-biased genes were associated with energy metabolism pathways, including the “tricarboxylic acid cycle” and “oxidative phosphorylation,” supporting their energetically intensive roles in courtship and pheromone synthesis. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of sexual dimorphism, reproduction and sex-specific behaviors in <em>T. rufivena</em>, offering a foundation for future research and highlighting potential targets for sustainable pest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102504"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mycobiome of the fruit fly plays a vital role in the host’s physiology and behavior. This host-microbe interaction can be leveraged for biological pest control, particularly against Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel; Diptera: Tephritidae), a major fruit pest. The current study focuses on insecticidal and repellent properties of a fungal species naturally associated with Zaprionus indianus (Gupta; Diptera: Drosophilidae), as a control agent to target B. dorsalis under the laboratory conditions. Preliminary screenings identified the fungal strain, Pichia kudriavzevii zibd3 as a promising candidate. A formulation combining P. kudriavzevii zibd3 with Essential oil Citral (EOC) demonstrated higher thermal and cold stability compared to Guava oil (GV)-zibd3 formulation. In addition, EOC-zibd3 formulation exhibited significant larval mortality, exceeding 80 %. Further analyses revealed that P. kudriavzevii-based formulation possesses strong repellent activity, with a repellency index of 100 ± 0.5. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) identified several volatile compounds contributing to this effect, including 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole, mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, naphthalene, cyclohexadiene, ethanone, and tridecanoic acid. These findings highlight that fungal species naturally associated with the host may serve as a reservoir of repellent compounds, which could be harnessed and optimized for effective fruit fly pest management under field conditions.
{"title":"Development of the Pichia kudriazevii-Essential oil-based bio-formulation for the management of Oriental fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis","authors":"Seema Ramniwas , Aanchal Sharma , Dhara Kalariya , Girish Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mycobiome of the fruit fly plays a vital role in the host’s physiology and behavior. This host-microbe interaction can be leveraged for biological pest control, particularly against Oriental fruit fly, <em>Bactrocera dorsalis</em> (Hendel; Diptera: Tephritidae), a major fruit pest. The current study focuses on insecticidal and repellent properties of a fungal species naturally associated with <em>Zaprionus indianus</em> (Gupta; Diptera: Drosophilidae), as a control agent to target <em>B. dorsalis</em> under the laboratory conditions. Preliminary screenings identified the fungal strain, <em>Pichia kudriavzevii zibd3</em> as a promising candidate. A formulation combining <em>P. kudriavzevii zibd3</em> with Essential oil Citral (EOC) demonstrated higher thermal and cold stability compared to Guava oil (GV)-<em>zibd3</em> formulation. In addition, EOC-<em>zibd3</em> formulation exhibited significant larval mortality, exceeding 80 %. Further analyses revealed that <em>P. kudriavzevii</em>-based formulation possesses strong repellent activity, with a repellency index of 100 ± 0.5. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC–MS) identified several volatile compounds contributing to this effect, including 2,3-dehydro-1,8-cineole, mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol, naphthalene, cyclohexadiene, ethanone, and tridecanoic acid. These findings highlight that fungal species naturally associated with the host may serve as a reservoir of repellent compounds, which could be harnessed and optimized for effective fruit fly pest management under field conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102511"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145733150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102486
Run-Hui Ma , Ting-Ting Hong , Fei Hu , Kiran Thakur , Zhao-Jun Wei
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for animals, regulating various biochemical processes as well as growth and development. Our previous study showed that 50 μM Se significantly affected the silkworm, Bombyx mori by targeting dynamin, a key endocytosis protein, at 24 h. Here, we explored the hemolymph metabolite levels and silk gland gene expression in B. mori under different treatments. Non-targeted metabolomics analyses revealed 297 differential metabolites (80 up-regulated and 217 down-regulated) in the dynamin knockdown group and 295(204 up and 91 down) in the Se additive group, including amino acids, sugars, lipids, nucleotide metabolites, and their derivatives. The knockdown enhanced aspartate biosynthetic but weakened glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle, purine metabolism, alanine and glutamate metabolic pathways. In contrast, Se significantly enhanced glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle, purine metabolism, and alanine,/aspartate/ glutamate pathways while inhibiting lysine biosynthesis. Transcriptomic analysis of the silk gland identified 705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (320 up and 385 down) in the knockdown group and 2907 DEGs (2714 up and 193 down) in the Se group. Knockdown affected protein processing, MAPK signaling, and endocytosis, while Se impacted glutathione metabolism, spliceosome, and peroxisomal pathways. These DEGs are linked to protein processing, energy provision, and antioxidants. This study elucidates the metabolic and transcriptional changes due to Se-associated RNAi stress (dynamin knockdown) on silkworms, highlighting their roles in key physiological processes.
{"title":"Histological and molecular analysis of selenium synergistic RNAi of Dynamin gene in Bombyx mori","authors":"Run-Hui Ma , Ting-Ting Hong , Fei Hu , Kiran Thakur , Zhao-Jun Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium (Se) is an essential element for animals, regulating various biochemical processes as well as growth and development. Our previous study showed that 50 μM Se significantly affected the silkworm, <em>Bombyx mori</em> by targeting <em>dynamin</em>, a key endocytosis protein, at 24 h. Here, we explored the hemolymph metabolite levels and silk gland gene expression in <em>B. mori</em> under different treatments. Non-targeted metabolomics analyses revealed 297 differential metabolites (80 up-regulated and 217 down-regulated) in the <em>dynamin</em> knockdown group and 295(204 up and 91 down) in the Se additive group, including amino acids, sugars, lipids, nucleotide metabolites, and their derivatives. The knockdown enhanced aspartate biosynthetic but weakened glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle, purine metabolism, alanine and glutamate metabolic pathways. In contrast, Se significantly enhanced glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the TCA cycle, purine metabolism, and alanine,/aspartate/ glutamate pathways while inhibiting lysine biosynthesis. Transcriptomic analysis of the silk gland identified 705 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (320 up and 385 down) in the knockdown group and 2907 DEGs (2714 up and 193 down) in the Se group. Knockdown affected protein processing, MAPK signaling, and endocytosis, while Se impacted glutathione metabolism, spliceosome, and peroxisomal pathways. These DEGs are linked to protein processing, energy provision, and antioxidants. This study elucidates the metabolic and transcriptional changes due to Se-associated RNAi stress (<em>dynamin</em> knockdown) on silkworms, highlighting their roles in key physiological processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102483
Hilal Susurluk , Umut Toprak
This study evaluated the chemical composition, fumigant toxicity, and residual efficacy of five commercial essential oils (EOs), Origanum vulgare (L.) (Lamiaceae), Syzygium aromaticum (L.) (Myrtaceae), Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (Myrtaceae), Rosmarinus officinalis (L.) (Lamiaceae), and Lavandula angustifolia Miller (Lamiaceae), against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) under laboratory conditions. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified the dominant compound in each essential oil: carvacrol in O. vulgare, eugenol in S. aromaticum, 1,8-cineole in E. globulus, α-pinene in R. officinalis, and linalool in L. angustifolia. Fumigant bioassays revealed that L. angustifolia exhibited the fastest and most potent adulticidal effect, with 100 % mortality at 1.5 µL within 24 h. In post-infestation trials, R. officinalis provided the highest suppression of adult emergence (99.05 %), followed by O. vulgare and E. globulus. Pre-infestation treatments revealed that O. vulgare completely prevented adult emergence and seed damage across all concentrations, even after 45 days. The results highlight both the acute and long-lasting protective actions of EOs, suggesting their suitability as eco-friendly alternatives for managing A. obtectus in stored beans.
本研究评估了五种商业精油（EOs）的化学成分、熏蒸毒性和残留功效。（Lamiaceae）， Syzygium aromaticum （L.）（桃金娘科），蓝桉。（桃金娘科），迷迭香（Lamiaceae）和Lavandula angustifolia Miller （Lamiaceae）在实验室条件下对抗棘虫（Say, 1831）（鞘翅目：金曲蝇科）。气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）分析鉴定出各挥发油的优势成分为：芫荽中的香芹醇、香樟中的丁香酚、金莲中的1,8-桉叶脑、山茱萸中的α-蒎烯和刺叶中的芳樟醇。熏蒸剂的生物测定结果表明，油叶菊的杀虫效果最快，24 h内1.5µL的杀虫率为100%，对成虫羽化的抑制效果最好，达99.05%，其次是黄叶菊和球叶菊。侵染前处理表明，即使在45天后，在所有浓度的情况下，臭草都能完全阻止成虫的羽化和种子的破坏。结果强调了EOs的急性和长期保护作用，表明它们适合作为管理储存豆子中的A. obtectus的环保替代品。
{"title":"Dual-mode evaluation of five essential oils for rapid knockdown and seed protection against Acanthoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)","authors":"Hilal Susurluk , Umut Toprak","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the chemical composition, fumigant toxicity, and residual efficacy of five commercial essential oils (EOs), <em>Origanum vulgare</em> (L.) (Lamiaceae), <em>Syzygium aromaticum</em> (L.) (Myrtaceae), <em>Eucalyptus globulus</em> Labill. (Myrtaceae), <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> (L.) (Lamiaceae), and <em>Lavandula angustifolia</em> Miller (Lamiaceae), against <em>Acanthoscelides obtectus</em> (Say, 1831) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) under laboratory conditions. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified the dominant compound in each essential oil: carvacrol in <em>O</em>. <em>vulgare</em>, eugenol in <em>S</em>. <em>aromaticum</em>, 1,8-cineole in <em>E</em>. <em>globulus</em>, α-pinene in <em>R</em>. <em>officinalis</em>, and linalool in <em>L</em>. <em>angustifolia</em>. Fumigant bioassays revealed that <em>L</em>. <em>angustifolia</em> exhibited the fastest and most potent adulticidal effect, with 100 % mortality at 1.5 µL within 24 h. In post-infestation trials, <em>R</em>. <em>officinalis</em> provided the highest suppression of adult emergence (99.05 %), followed by <em>O</em>. <em>vulgare</em> and <em>E</em>. <em>globulus</em>. Pre-infestation treatments revealed that <em>O</em>. <em>vulgare</em> completely prevented adult emergence and seed damage across all concentrations, even after 45 days. The results highlight both the acute and long-lasting protective actions of EOs, suggesting their suitability as eco-friendly alternatives for managing <em>A</em>. <em>obtectus</em> in stored beans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102499
Samuel Machado Abreu , Camila Oliveira Pacheco , Cristina Jansen-Alves , Daisa Hackbart Bonemann , Carem Perleberg , Caroline Ieque Silveira , Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira , Alvaro Renato Guerra Dias , Elessandra da Rosa Zavareze , Angelita Machado Leitão
Insect consumption is a common practice around the world, providing an accessible, nutritious, and sustainable source of food. Hence, this study evaluated the nutritional composition and antioxidant capacity of leaf-cutting ant queens (Atta laevigata), assessing its potential for food applications. The ant queens demonstrated a high protein levels (43.34 %), with an in vitro digestibility of 53.95 %, thereby highlighting its potential as a valuable source of protein. The lipid content was 34.55 %, with unsaturated fatty acids making up 95.14 % of this figure. This includes essential compounds such as linoleic and oleic acids, suggesting the insect’s use as an alternative source of healthy fats. Mineral analysis revealed notable levels of potassium, zinc, sodium, and iron (>50 mg/kg), which are essential for human health. Incorporating leaf-cutting ant queens into diets could contribute to reducing micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in vulnerable populations. The analyses also revealed antioxidant activities against the tested radicals, indicating the ants’ potential as a source of relevant bioactive properties. Overall, our findings underscored the potential of leaf-cutting ant queens as a nutrient-rich food source, providing proteins, unsaturated fats, and essential minerals beneficial for human health.
{"title":"Leaf-cutting ant queens (Atta laevigata): Nutritional characterization, fatty acid composition, inorganic elements, and antioxidant activity","authors":"Samuel Machado Abreu , Camila Oliveira Pacheco , Cristina Jansen-Alves , Daisa Hackbart Bonemann , Carem Perleberg , Caroline Ieque Silveira , Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira , Alvaro Renato Guerra Dias , Elessandra da Rosa Zavareze , Angelita Machado Leitão","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insect consumption is a common practice around the world, providing an accessible, nutritious, and sustainable source of food. Hence, this study evaluated the nutritional composition and antioxidant capacity of leaf-cutting ant queens (<em>Atta laevigata</em>), assessing its potential for food applications. The ant queens demonstrated a high protein levels (43.34 %), with an <em>in vitro</em> digestibility of 53.95 %, thereby highlighting its potential as a valuable source of protein. The lipid content was 34.55 %, with unsaturated fatty acids making up 95.14 % of this figure. This includes essential compounds such as linoleic and oleic acids, suggesting the insect’s use as an alternative source of healthy fats. Mineral analysis revealed notable levels of potassium, zinc, sodium, and iron (>50 mg/kg), which are essential for human health. Incorporating leaf-cutting ant queens into diets could contribute to reducing micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in vulnerable populations. The analyses also revealed antioxidant activities against the tested radicals, indicating the ants’ potential as a source of relevant bioactive properties. Overall, our findings underscored the potential of leaf-cutting ant queens as a nutrient-rich food source, providing proteins, unsaturated fats, and essential minerals beneficial for human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145462476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The western honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) is essential for pollinating numerous crops and wild plants. Worker bee lifespan directly impacts colony strength, affecting both honey production and pollination efficiency. In this study seasonal, environmental, and nutritional factors influencing the longevity of honeybee workers were assessed under both field and controlled laboratory conditions. Monthly cohorts of newly emerged bees were divided into three groups: (1) marked and released into original hives in the field, (2) caged in the laboratory and fed sugar syrup, and (3) caged and fed sugar syrup with pollen patty. Laboratory conditions were maintained at 30 °C and 60 % relative humidity. Results showed that worker bees lived significantly longer in laboratory settings than in the field. Among field-released bees, longevity peaked in September and was shortest for bees emerging in August. These patterns suggest strong monthly effects, likely driven by abiotic stressors such as extreme summer heat, humidity, food resource scarcity, and agrochemical exposure, as well as biotic stressors like labor demands and pathogen presence. In the laboratory, bees receiving pollen patty alongside sugar syrup lived longer than those fed sugar syrup alone, underscoring the importance of dietary protein. The study highlights how environmental and nutritional factors shape honeybee longevity and suggests colonies may be especially vulnerable in late summer. Findings emphasize the need for improved management practices, such as supplemental forage and nutrition, to enhance colony resilience. Understanding the seasonal dynamics of worker bee survival is crucial for beekeepers, researchers, and agricultural stakeholders aiming to maintain healthy bee populations and ensure reliable pollination services.
{"title":"Life expectancy of honeybee workers during the season under laboratory and field conditions","authors":"Arezoo Najarpoor , Saeed Mohamadzade Namin , Chuleui Jung","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The western honeybee (<em>Apis mellifera</em> L.) is essential for pollinating numerous crops and wild plants. Worker bee lifespan directly impacts colony strength, affecting both honey production and pollination efficiency. In this study seasonal, environmental, and nutritional factors influencing the longevity of honeybee workers were assessed under both field and controlled laboratory conditions. Monthly cohorts of newly emerged bees were divided into three groups: (1) marked and released into original hives in the field, (2) caged in the laboratory and fed sugar syrup, and (3) caged and fed sugar syrup with pollen patty. Laboratory conditions were maintained at 30 °C and 60 % relative humidity. Results showed that worker bees lived significantly longer in laboratory settings than in the field. Among field-released bees, longevity peaked in September and was shortest for bees emerging in August. These patterns suggest strong monthly effects, likely driven by abiotic stressors such as extreme summer heat, humidity, food resource scarcity, and agrochemical exposure, as well as biotic stressors like labor demands and pathogen presence. In the laboratory, bees receiving pollen patty alongside sugar syrup lived longer than those fed sugar syrup alone, underscoring the importance of dietary protein. The study highlights how environmental and nutritional factors shape honeybee longevity and suggests colonies may be especially vulnerable in late summer. Findings emphasize the need for improved management practices, such as supplemental forage and nutrition, to enhance colony resilience. Understanding the seasonal dynamics of worker bee survival is crucial for beekeepers, researchers, and agricultural stakeholders aiming to maintain healthy bee populations and ensure reliable pollination services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145516478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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