Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第4页

Evaluation of sublethal and intergenerational effects of three insecticides on life table parameters of currant lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosely) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) 3种杀虫剂对莴苣蚜亚致死和代际效应的评价（半翅目：蚜科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102500

Razieh Mahdavi , Arash Rasekh , Neda Amini Jam , Ehsan Rakhshani , Afrooz Farsi

The lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosley), is a key pest of lettuce that causes significant annual crop damage worldwide. Applying sublethal concentrations may serve as a strategy to minimize environmental contamination and conserve natural enemies. However, this approach may induce an enhanced reproductive rate in lettuce aphid, Nasonovia ribisnigri, a phenomenon known as hormesis. This study evaluated the effects of three insecticides at two sublethal concentrations (LC₁₀, LC₃₀), applied during two nymphal stages, on the reproductive stimulation of adult N. ribisnigri (F₀) and its subsequent intergenerational effects on the offspring (F₁). The results of the bioassay indicate that imidacloprid was the most toxic pesticide against the lettuce aphid. Aphids (F₀) exposed to flonicamid exhibited significantly shorter oviposition periods, along with reduced key demographic parameters, including net reproductive rate (R₀), and intrinsic rate of increase (r_m), compared to other pesticide treatments and the control group. Although hormetic effects occurred in the F₁ for all three insecticides, a significant positive correlation between the r_m of F₀ and F₁ was only observed in aphids exposed to the LC₁₀ concentration of flonicamid. The r_m value of F₁ aphids exposed to pymetrozine and imidacloprid was significantly lower than that of control aphids, when considering the actual survival rates (l_x) of the newly emerged offspring. In contrast, flonicamid-treated aphids in the F₁ generation maintained a significant increase in r_m value despite mortality adjustments. Therefore, caution is required when using sublethal concentrations of flonicamid for controlling the lettuce aphid.

莴苣蚜虫（Nasonovia ribisnigri）是莴苣的主要害虫，每年在世界范围内对作物造成重大损害。施用亚致死浓度可作为减少环境污染和保护天敌的策略。然而，这种方法可能会导致莴苣蚜虫（Nasonovia ribisnigri）的繁殖率提高，这是一种被称为激效的现象。本研究评估了在两个若虫期施用两种亚致死浓度（LC10和LC30）的三种杀虫剂对小夜蛾成虫（F0）的生殖刺激及其对后代（F1）的代际效应。生物测定结果表明，吡虫啉对生菜蚜虫的毒力最强。与其他杀虫剂处理和对照组相比，氟虫胺处理的蚜虫（F0）的产卵期明显缩短，其主要人口统计学参数（包括净繁殖率（R0）和内在增长率（rm））也明显降低。虽然这三种杀虫剂对F1均有致效作用，但仅在暴露于LC10浓度氟虫胺的蚜虫中，F0的rm与F1之间存在显著的正相关。考虑到新羽化后代的实际存活率（lx），吡虫啉和吡虫啉处理的F1蚜虫的rm值显著低于对照。而氟硝胺处理的F1代蚜虫，在死亡率调整后，rm值仍保持显著升高。因此，在使用亚致死浓度的氟虫胺控制莴苣蚜虫时需要谨慎。

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引用次数: 0

Life expectancy of honeybee workers during the season under laboratory and field conditions 在实验室和野外条件下，当季蜜蜂工蜂的预期寿命

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102498

Arezoo Najarpoor , Saeed Mohamadzade Namin , Chuleui Jung

The western honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) is essential for pollinating numerous crops and wild plants. Worker bee lifespan directly impacts colony strength, affecting both honey production and pollination efficiency. In this study seasonal, environmental, and nutritional factors influencing the longevity of honeybee workers were assessed under both field and controlled laboratory conditions. Monthly cohorts of newly emerged bees were divided into three groups: (1) marked and released into original hives in the field, (2) caged in the laboratory and fed sugar syrup, and (3) caged and fed sugar syrup with pollen patty. Laboratory conditions were maintained at 30 °C and 60 % relative humidity. Results showed that worker bees lived significantly longer in laboratory settings than in the field. Among field-released bees, longevity peaked in September and was shortest for bees emerging in August. These patterns suggest strong monthly effects, likely driven by abiotic stressors such as extreme summer heat, humidity, food resource scarcity, and agrochemical exposure, as well as biotic stressors like labor demands and pathogen presence. In the laboratory, bees receiving pollen patty alongside sugar syrup lived longer than those fed sugar syrup alone, underscoring the importance of dietary protein. The study highlights how environmental and nutritional factors shape honeybee longevity and suggests colonies may be especially vulnerable in late summer. Findings emphasize the need for improved management practices, such as supplemental forage and nutrition, to enhance colony resilience. Understanding the seasonal dynamics of worker bee survival is crucial for beekeepers, researchers, and agricultural stakeholders aiming to maintain healthy bee populations and ensure reliable pollination services.

西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera L.）对许多作物和野生植物授粉至关重要。工蜂寿命直接影响蜂群强度，影响蜂蜜产量和授粉效率。本研究在野外和实验室条件下对影响工蜂寿命的季节、环境和营养因素进行了评估。每月将新出现的蜜蜂分成三组：(1)标记并释放到野外的原始蜂箱中，(2)在实验室笼养并喂食糖浆，(3)笼养并喂食糖浆和花粉饼。实验室条件保持在30°C和60%的相对湿度。结果表明，工蜂在实验室环境下的寿命明显长于野外环境。在野外释放的蜜蜂中，寿命在9月份达到顶峰，而在8月份出现的蜜蜂寿命最短。这些模式表明了强烈的月度影响，可能是由非生物压力因素（如夏季极端高温、湿度、食物资源稀缺和农用化学品暴露）以及生物压力因素（如劳动力需求和病原体存在）驱动的。在实验室里，吃了花粉粉和糖浆的蜜蜂比只吃糖浆的蜜蜂寿命更长，这强调了饮食中蛋白质的重要性。这项研究强调了环境和营养因素如何影响蜜蜂的寿命，并表明蜂群在夏末可能特别脆弱。研究结果强调需要改进管理措施，如补充饲料和营养，以提高群体的恢复能力。了解工蜂生存的季节性动态对于养蜂人、研究人员和农业利益相关者保持健康的蜜蜂种群和确保可靠的授粉服务至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into symbiotic infections: Wolbachia and Spiroplasma in field-collected populations of Eurygaster maura (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae) 野外采集毛氏大蠊种群中沃尔巴克氏体和螺旋体共生感染的研究（半翅目：Scutelleridae）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102494

Nurper Guz , Muhammad Arshad , Naciye Sena Cagatay , Fatma Ozdamar , Ekrem Ogur

Bacterial endosymbionts are widely known in a diverse range of insects, exhibiting variation in composition, localization, and function. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of insect-associated microbes as valuable tools in pest management. Many hemipteran insects are notorious agricultural pests, causing significant crop losses and acting as vectors for plant viruses. The Sunn pest, Eurygaster maura, is a major cereal pest capable of causing up to 100% yield loss. However, the bacterial endosymbiont composition of E. maura remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of two prominent secondary bacterial endosymbionts associated with E. maura: Wolbachia and Spiroplasma. An asymmetrical interaction between the two bacteria was observed, as reflected in their differing infection frequencies. Among 82% of specimens found to be infected, 60% carried Spiroplasma, 22% harbored Wolbachia, and 15% were co-infected with both symbionts. These infection rates (60% for Spiroplasma and 22% for Wolbachia) represent total prevalence, including both single and co-infected individuals. No significant correlation was found between Spiroplasma and Wolbachia infections. Understanding the microbial community structure in E. maura can enhance our knowledge of tritrophic interactions among plants, herbivorous insects, and endosymbionts. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for understanding host–microbe associations in Eurygaster maura. Furthermore, these findings open new avenues for symbiont-based pest management, such as targeting obligate or facultative symbionts. Potential strategies include the introduction of incompatible Wolbachia strains or manipulation of symbiont composition to alter host reproduction and population dynamics.

细菌内共生体广泛存在于多种昆虫中，它们在组成、定位和功能上都存在差异。最近的研究强调了昆虫相关微生物作为有害生物管理的宝贵工具的潜力。许多半足类昆虫是臭名昭著的农业害虫，造成重大的作物损失，并作为植物病毒的媒介。太阳害虫Eurygaster maura是一种主要的谷物害虫，能够造成高达100%的产量损失。然而，毛氏杆菌的细菌内共生体组成仍然知之甚少。在本研究中，我们对两种与毛氏杆菌相关的次要细菌内共生菌：沃尔巴克氏体和螺旋体进行了分子鉴定和系统发育分析。观察到两种细菌之间的不对称相互作用，反映在它们不同的感染频率上。在发现感染的82%标本中，60%携带螺旋体，22%携带沃尔巴克氏体，15%同时感染两种共生菌。这些感染率（螺旋体为60%，沃尔巴克氏体为22%）代表了总流行率，包括单个和合并感染个体。螺旋体与沃尔巴克氏体感染无显著相关性。了解毛拉菌的微生物群落结构可以提高我们对植物、草食性昆虫和内共生生物之间营养相互作用的认识。综上所述，我们的研究结果为了解野蕨的宿主-微生物关系提供了基础。此外，这些发现为基于共生体的害虫管理开辟了新的途径，例如针对专性或兼性共生体。潜在的策略包括引入不相容的沃尔巴克氏菌菌株或操纵共生体组成来改变宿主繁殖和种群动态。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular chaperone heat shock protein 70 mediates thermotolerance and insecticide resistance in Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) 分子伴侣热休克蛋白70介导松村甘氨酸蚜虫的耐热性和抗药性（半翅目：蚜虫科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102497

Zhengbing Wang , Haojia Bao , Hongfei Zhang , Manman Zheng , Xiaoyue Sang , Mingsheng Yang , Keshi Ma

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major agricultural pest that causes substantial yield losses in soybean production. Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperones that play critical roles in regulating cellular responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, we identified an Hsp70 gene (AglyHsp70) from the soybean aphid genome and investigated its expression profile and role in stress tolerance under thermal and insecticide challenges. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that AglyHsp70 shares strong homology with Hsp70 proteins from other insect species. Developmental expression analysis showed that AglyHsp70 was most abundantly expressed in first-instar nymphs. Under heat stress, AglyHsp70 expression was strongly induced but rapidly returned to baseline levels after recovery from both heat and cold shocks. Exposure to imidacloprid significantly upregulated AglyHsp70 expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, RNAi-mediated knockdown of AglyHsp70 markedly increased soybean aphid mortality under heat stress and at specific concentrations of imidacloprid. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that AglyHsp70 plays an essential role in stress tolerance against both thermal and chemical stressors in A. glycines. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of stress adaptation in soybean aphids and highlights potential molecular targets for sustainable pest management strategies.

大豆蚜虫（半翅目：蚜虫科）是一种主要的农业害虫，对大豆生产造成严重的产量损失。热休克蛋白（Hsps）是进化上保守的分子伴侣，在调节细胞对非生物和生物胁迫的反应中起着关键作用。在这项研究中，我们从大豆蚜虫基因组中鉴定了一个Hsp70基因（AglyHsp70），并研究了其表达谱及其在高温和杀虫剂胁迫下的耐受性中的作用。序列比对和系统发育分析表明，AglyHsp70蛋白与其他昆虫的Hsp70蛋白具有较强的同源性。发育表达分析表明，AglyHsp70在一龄若虫中表达量最高。在热应激下，AglyHsp70的表达被强烈诱导，但在热休克和冷休克恢复后迅速恢复到基线水平。吡虫啉暴露显著上调AglyHsp70的表达，并呈浓度和时间依赖性。此外，rnai介导的AglyHsp70的敲低显著增加了高温胁迫和特定浓度吡虫啉下大豆蚜虫的死亡率。综上所述，这些发现表明，AglyHsp70在A.甘氨酸对热应激和化学应激的耐受性中起着至关重要的作用。该研究为大豆蚜虫适应逆境的分子机制提供了新的见解，并为可持续虫害管理策略提供了潜在的分子靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Redescription of Cylindralcides takahashii (Kôno) (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae, Mecysolobini) damaged on the Thunberg’s bay-tree 高桥圆柱孢菌（Kôno）（鞘翅目，曲霉科，Molytinae, Mecysolobini）在桐树上的危害再认识

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102492

Dilshara D. Wijesinghe , Sangwook Park , Dong-Soon Kim , Ki-Jeong Hong

Fifteen adult and larval specimens of Cylindralcides (s. str.) takahashii (Kôno, 1930), a member of the tribe Mecysolobini (Curculionidae: Molytinae), were collected on new shoots of Thunberg’s bay-tree, Machilus thunbergii Siebold and Zucc. from Jeju Island of Korea. This represents the first record of the genus Cylindralcides Heller, 1918 in Korea and the first documented record of M. thunbergii as its host plant. The original description of C. takahashii was brief and lacked detailed diagnostic features, leading to misidentification. This study provides a redescription with diagnostic features, detailed illustrations of the adult and larva, and ecological observations, aiming to clarify the taxonomic status of the species. Additionally, the 682 bp of COI DNA barcode data support the assessment of molecular relationships within the tribe Mecysolobini.

本文在桐叶月桂树Machilus thunbergii Siebold和Zucc的新枝上，采集了桐叶月桂树（Mecysolobini科：Molytinae）科成员圆柱孢菌（s.str .） takahashi (Kôno, 1930) 15个成虫和幼虫标本。来自韩国济州岛。这是韩国在1918年首次记录到的圆柱孢属植物，也是首次记录到的寄主植物为刺贝属植物。最初对C. takahashi的描述很简短，缺乏详细的诊断特征，导致误认。本研究对该物种进行了诊断特征的重新描述，详细描述了成虫和幼虫，并进行了生态观察，旨在阐明该物种的分类地位。此外，682 bp的COI DNA条形码数据支持了Mecysolobini部落分子关系的评估。

引用次数: 0

The cost of symbiont disruption: Antibiotic-induced shifts in secondary symbionts reduce population fitness in the greenhouse whitefly 共生破坏的代价：抗生素引起的次生共生体转移降低了温室粉虱的种群适应性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102496

Marzieh Kashkouli , Jahangir Khajehali

Insects maintain diverse symbiotic relationships with microorganisms that influence their physiology, development, and adaptability. This study investigates the impact of antibiotic treatments on the life history parameters and symbiont composition of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (isolate Zibashahr), a significant agricultural pest. A whitefly population was treated with tetracycline (Tet.), rifampicin (Rif.), or a cocktail of ampicillin, cefotaxime, and gentamicin (A.C.G.) and then, symbiont abundance was assessed through quantitative PCR, while life history parameters were analyzed using age-stage, two-sex life table methods. The qPCR analysis indicated no significant change in the abundance of Portiera. However, populations of Arsenophonus were markedly reduced following exposure to both Rif. and the A.C.G., whereas Hamiltonella and Rickettsia displayed significant increases. These shifts in microbial composition corresponded with noticeable changes in whitefly development, adult longevity, survival rates, and life expectancy compared to controls. These findings suggest that antibiotic-induced shifts in symbiont populations can impact the fitness of T. vaporariorum, providing important insights for integrated pest management approaches.

昆虫与影响其生理、发育和适应性的微生物保持着多种共生关系。研究了不同抗生素处理对我国重要农业害虫蒸发三棱线虫（Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Zibashahr）生活史参数和共生体组成的影响。用四环素（Tet.）、利福平（Rif.）或氨苄西林、头孢噻肟和庆大霉素（A.C.G.）的混合物处理白蝇种群，然后通过定量PCR评估共生体丰度，同时使用年龄阶段、两性生命表法分析生活史参数。qPCR分析显示Portiera的丰度无显著变化。然而，Arsenophonus的种群数量在暴露于Rif和Rif后明显减少。而汉密尔顿氏菌和立克次体则有显著增加。与对照组相比，这些微生物组成的变化与粉虱发育、成虫寿命、存活率和预期寿命的显著变化相对应。这些发现表明，抗生素引起的共生种群的变化可能影响汽化螟的适合度，为害虫综合治理方法提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable rearing of Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae): A comparative study of low-cost agro-based formulated diets 低成本农业配方饲料的比较研究——可持续饲养凤尾蛾（鞘翅目：干蛾科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102495

Dago Liliane Yao , Adjoua Christiane Eunice Boko , Sansan Kambou , Sika Hortense Blei , Djédoux Maxime Angaman

Rhynchophorus phoenicis, the African palm weevil, is an edible insect species of high nutritional and economic value in sub-Saharan Africa. However, reliance on wild harvesting threatens both the species and its host ecosystems. This study evaluated the suitability of two formulated rearing substrates, based on cassava, banana, coconut mesocarp, and either pig or poultry starter feed, compared to a traditional palm heart substrate plus coconut mesocarp. Key biological parameters including fecundity, hatching rate, larval survival, morphometrics, adult emergence, sex ratio, and female longevity were assessed under controlled conditions. Results showed that while the McbF1 diet enhanced oviposition, the McbF2 substrate significantly improved hatching success (53 %) and larval survival (>70 %). Larvae reared on McbF2 also attained the highest fresh weight (4.90 ± 0.11  g), though morphometric traits remained stable across diets. Adult emergence rates and sex ratios were unaffected by substrate type, and no significant sexual dimorphism in adult morphology was observed. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using local, plant-based by-products supplemented with commercial feed as viable alternatives to palm heart for R. phoenicis rearing. The proposed substrates offer sustainable, reproducible, and economically scalable solutions for insect farming, contributing to biodiversity conservation, food security, and rural income generation.

非洲棕象甲（Rhynchophorus phoenicis）是撒哈拉以南非洲地区一种具有高营养和经济价值的食用昆虫。然而，对野生采伐的依赖威胁着该物种及其宿主生态系统。本研究评估了以木薯、香蕉、椰子中果皮和猪或家禽起始饲料为基础的两种配制饲养基质与传统棕榈心基质加椰子中果皮的适宜性。在控制条件下，评估了主要生物学参数，包括繁殖力、孵化率、幼虫存活率、形态计量学、成虫羽化、性别比和雌性寿命。结果表明，McbF1饲料能促进产卵，而McbF2基质能显著提高孵化成功率（53% %）和幼虫存活率（>70 %）。用McbF2饲养的幼虫鲜重最高（4.90 ± 0.11  g），但形态特征在不同饲料中保持稳定。成虫羽化率和性别比不受基质类型的影响，成虫形态无明显的性别二态性。这些发现表明，利用当地植物性副产品补充商业饲料作为棕心饲养的可行替代品是可行的。所提出的基质为昆虫养殖提供了可持续、可复制且经济上可扩展的解决方案，有助于生物多样性保护、粮食安全和农村创收。

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引用次数: 0

An effective formulation from Annona squamosa L. Leaves against Aedes aegypti 番槐叶抗埃及伊蚊有效配方研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102491

Lucas Gabriel Pita dos Santos , Lívia Laís de Santana Silva Barbosa , Gabriel da Silva Coutinho , Emerson de Oliveira Silva , Júlio Cesar Ribeiro de Oliveira Farias de Aguiar , Glaucilane dos Santos Cruz , Alvaro Aguiar Coelho Teixeira , Valéria Wanderley Teixeira , Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva , Daniela Maria do Amaral Ferraz Navarro , Pedro José Rolim Neto , Thiago Henrique Napoleão , Welton Aaron de Almeida , Emmanuel Viana Pontual

Amid rising resistance to synthetic insecticides and growing environmental concerns, plant-based alternatives have gained relevance in vector control strategies. This study reports the development of a solid tablet formulation derived from the saline extract of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) leaves, which contains cinnamic acid derivatives, rutin, chlorogenic acid, lectins, and trypsin inhibitors. Thermal and spectroscopic analyses (DTA and FTIR) confirmed chemical compatibility between the extract and excipients, supporting the formulation’s physicochemical stability. When dissolved to deliver 1.9 % (w/v) of the extract, the tablet induced 42 ± 14 % mortality in third-instar Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. A concentration-dependent larvicidal effect was observed, with an estimated LC₅₀ of 3.10 % and a diagnostic dose of 2.20 % (w/v). Histological examination revealed severe midgut disruption in treated larvae, including vacuolization, epithelial hypertrophy, and regenerative cell proliferation—hallmarks of necrotic processes. Although effective, the current tablet requires further optimization to enhance larvicidal potency. Additional studies are also needed to assess environmental safety and real-world performance, reinforcing the potential of this tablet as a sustainable larvicide for integrated mosquito management.

在对合成杀虫剂的抗药性日益增强和环境问题日益严重的情况下，基于植物的替代品已在病媒控制战略中获得了相关性。本研究报告了一种固体片剂制剂的开发，该制剂是从番槐科植物番槐叶的生理盐水提取物中提取的，其中含有肉桂酸衍生物、芦丁、绿原酸、凝集素和胰蛋白酶抑制剂。热分析和光谱分析（DTA和FTIR）证实了提取物和辅料之间的化学相容性，支持配方的物理化学稳定性。当溶出浓度为1.9% （w/v）时，该片剂对埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti L.） 3龄幼虫的死亡率为42±14%。观察到浓度依赖性的杀幼虫效果，估计LC₅0为3.10%，诊断剂量为2.20% （w/v）。组织学检查显示，处理过的幼虫严重的中肠破坏，包括空泡化、上皮肥大和再生细胞增殖——坏死过程的标志。虽然有效，但目前的片剂需要进一步优化以增强杀幼虫效力。还需要进一步的研究来评估环境安全性和实际性能，以加强这种片剂作为综合蚊子管理的可持续杀幼虫剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Rapid DNA release from arthropod specimens using the STEP buffer for molecular diagnostics 利用STEP缓冲液快速释放节肢动物标本中的DNA，用于分子诊断

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102493

Junhyeong Choi , Wonyong Kwun , Do Eun Lee , Ju Hyeon Kim

Rapid and reliable release of genomic DNA (gDNA) from arthropod specimens is essential for molecular diagnostics, species identification, and ecological monitoring, particularly when only minute samples or limited body parts are available. Here, we present the STEP buffer, a newly formulated DNA release solution, and compare its performance with that of the previously reported DAPE buffer and water, using whole bodies of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Cimex lectularius first-instar nymph, exuviae of C. lectularius, and hind legs of Aedes albopictus. Specimens were incubated in each buffer at 95°C for 5 min. The supernatant was subsequently used directly as the gDNA template for quantitative PCR, as well as for downstream compatibility testing by PCR and two types of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays. The STEP buffer yielded gDNA amounts comparable to or greater than those obtained using DAPE. In addition, it facilitated complete submersion of hydrophobic arthropod cuticles during incubation. PCR assays confirmed high amplification success rates for STEP, particularly from specimens containing limited gDNA. In conventional LAMP, all buffer types supported amplification. In contrast, in colorimetric LAMP, only STEP maintained consistent detection, while DAPE caused false negatives due to pH interference. Thus, the STEP buffer provides a rapid, robust, and broadly compatible method for DNA release, enabling reliable PCR and LAMP detection even from minute arthropod samples, which is advantageous for on-site diagnostics and applications requiring specimen preservation.

从节肢动物标本中快速、可靠地释放基因组DNA （gDNA）对于分子诊断、物种鉴定和生态监测至关重要，特别是在只有微小样本或有限身体部位的情况下。在此，我们提出了一种新配制的DNA释放液STEP缓冲液，并将其与先前报道的DAPE缓冲液和水的性能进行了比较，该缓冲液使用了翼翅翅螨和白纹伊蚊的一龄幼虫，白纹伊蚊的脱毛和白纹伊蚊的后肢。标本在每个缓冲液中95°C孵育5分钟。随后，将上清液直接用作定量PCR的gDNA模板，并通过PCR和两种环介导等温扩增（LAMP）试验进行下游相容性测试。STEP缓冲液产生的dna量与使用DAPE获得的dna量相当或更高。此外，它有助于在孵育期间完全淹没疏水节肢动物的角质层。PCR分析证实了STEP的高扩增成功率，特别是对于含有有限gDNA的标本。在传统LAMP中，所有缓冲类型都支持放大。相比之下，在比色LAMP中，只有STEP保持一致的检测，而DAPE由于pH干扰导致假阴性。因此，STEP缓冲液提供了一种快速、稳健且广泛兼容的DNA释放方法，即使从微小的节肢动物样本中也能进行可靠的PCR和LAMP检测，这有利于现场诊断和需要标本保存的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Altitudinal shifts and climatic sensitivity of three Ephemera species (Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae) based on long-term freshwater monitoring in South Korea 基于韩国淡水长期监测的三种蜉蝣的海拔变化和气候敏感性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102490

Ye Ji Seo , Sung Hwan Park , Dong Gun Kim , Yeon Jae Bae

Freshwater insects are sensitive indicators of climate change, yet long-term, multi-species analyses remain limited. This study investigated altitudinal distribution shifts of three Korean mayflies (Ephemera separigata, E. strigata, E. orientalis) using 27 years of nationwide biomonitoring (1997–2023) across 4741 georeferenced sites. Average temperature (AT), total precipitation (P), and precipitation variability (PV) were assigned to occurrence records by region and year. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was applied to assess linear relationships between climatic variables and altitude, while random forest (RF) models captured nonlinear effects and evaluated variable importance. All three species exhibited significant downslope shifts, with E. separigata showing the greatest decline (−173.9 m). MLR models had low explanatory power (R² = 0.037–0.150), identifying PV as significant for E. separigata and E. orientalis (p < 0.05). RF models provided improved explanatory power (R² = 0.297–0.412) and revealed that precipitation-related variables (P or PV) were generally the most influential, though the leading predictor differed among species. Notably, Phase 5 coincided with a marked increase in PV, aligning with the most pronounced downslope shifts. These results suggest that PV destabilizes headwater habitats and promotes persistence in lower, hydrologically stable reaches. Our findings highlight the importance of hydrological variability, alongside temperature, in predicting climate-driven range shifts and refining bioindicator-based conservation strategies for freshwater ecosystems.

淡水昆虫是气候变化的敏感指标，但长期的多物种分析仍然有限。本研究利用27 年（1997-2023）全国4741个地理参考点的生物监测资料，调查了三种韩国蜉蝣（蜉蝣）（蜉蝣）、条纹蜉蝣（E. strigata）和东方蜉蝣（E. orientalis）的海拔分布变化。将平均温度（AT）、总降水量(P)和降水变率（PV）按区域和年份赋值。多元线性回归（MLR）用于评估气候变量与海拔之间的线性关系，而随机森林（RF）模型捕获非线性效应并评估变量重要性。3种植物均表现出明显的下坡变化，其中独叶莲下降幅度最大（- 173.9 m）。MLR模型的解释能力较低（R2 = 0.037-0.150），表明PV对散叶莲和东方莲具有显著性（p <； 0.05）。RF模型提供了更好的解释力（R2 = 0.297-0.412），并显示降水相关变量（P或PV）通常是最具影响力的，尽管主要预测因子在物种之间存在差异。值得注意的是，第5阶段恰逢PV显著增加，与最明显的下坡变化一致。这些结果表明，PV破坏了源头栖息地的稳定性，并促进了下游水文稳定河段的持续存在。我们的研究结果强调了水文变异和温度在预测气候驱动的范围变化和完善基于生物指标的淡水生态系统保护策略方面的重要性。

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