Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology最新文献_第3页

RNA interference with the selenoprotein M gene inhibits the growth promoting effect by selenium supplementation to silkworm Bombyx mori 硒蛋白M基因的RNA干扰抑制了硒对家蚕生长的促进作用

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102514

Run-Hui Ma , Wen-Jie Ge , Fei Hu , Ting-Ting Hong , Kiran Thakur , Shun-Ming Tang , Zhao-Jun. Wei

Moderate selenium (Se) supplementation has been shown to promote silkworm growth; however, its metabolic pathway in insects remains poorly understood. In organisms, Se is primarily incorporated as selenocysteine into selenoproteins, including selenoprotein M (SelM), a thioredoxin fold oxidoreductase highly expressed in brain tissue that modulates cellular redox homeostasis and confers neuroprotection. Herein, we predicted the physicochemical and structural features of the silkworm SelM. Gene-specific siRNAs were then micro-injected into silkworms fed with sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) (50 μM). SelM disruption reduced body mass, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight and shell rate of silkworms, whereas egg production and egg laying mostly remained unchanged. Moreover, sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) (50 μM) supplementation alone significantly improved growth factors of silkworms, without any obvious effect on egg production and laying. RT-qPCR revealed lowest SelM transcript levels at 24 h post injection, followed by a gradual recovery; among the three siRNAs tested, SelM-244 had the strongest interfering effect. These data demonstrate that SelM is an indispensable component of Se metabolism in silkworms, coupling Se status to silk protein synthesis and larval growth. Targeted knockdown of SelM provides a tractable platform for dissecting Se metabolism in insects and for designing Se-biofortified sericulture.

适量补充硒（Se）已被证明可以促进家蚕的生长；然而，其在昆虫中的代谢途径仍然知之甚少。在生物体中，硒主要作为硒半胱氨酸结合到硒蛋白中，包括硒蛋白M (SelM)，硒蛋白M是一种在脑组织中高度表达的硫氧还蛋白折叠氧化还原酶，调节细胞氧化还原稳态并赋予神经保护作用。在此，我们预测了蚕SelM的物理化学和结构特征。然后将基因特异性sirna微注射到亚硒酸钠（Na2SeO3）（50 μM）喂养的家蚕体内。SelM干扰降低了家蚕体质量、茧重、茧壳重和出壳率，而产蛋量和产蛋量基本保持不变。此外，单独添加亚硒酸钠（Na2SeO3）（50 μM）可显著提高家蚕的生长因子，对产蛋量和产蛋量无明显影响。RT-qPCR显示，注射后24小时SelM转录物水平最低，随后逐渐恢复；其中，SelM-244的干扰作用最强。这些数据表明，SelM是家蚕硒代谢不可或缺的组成部分，将硒状态与蚕丝蛋白合成和幼虫生长联系起来。SelM基因的靶向敲除为研究昆虫硒代谢和设计硒生物强化蚕桑提供了一个可操作的平台。

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引用次数: 0

Temperature-dependent fecundity of Delia platura (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and life table parameters in the laboratory 双翅目：花蝇科斑蝶的温度依赖性繁殖力及实验室生命表参数

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2026.102529

Han Ni Aye , Hyeon Suk Jo , Dong-Soon Kim

Understanding the thermal sensitivity of Delia platura (Meigen) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), a widespread polyphagous pest, is crucial for predicting its population dynamics and improving pest management strategies. We investigated the temperature-dependent reproductive and developmental traits of D. platura under five constant temperature regimes (15, 19, 23, 27, and 30°C). Adults showed relatively long lifespans with considerable inter-individual variation, contributing to the observed variability in oviposition schedules-particularly at 23°C and 27°C, where fecundity patterns were highly dispersed and multimodal. Fecundity peaked at 27°C (98 eggs), while oviposition at 30°C declined rapidly and no pupae survived to adulthood, indicating a marginal upper limit for population persistence. Life table parameters showed clear temperature dependence. The intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) remained low at cooler temperatures (0.019 at 15°C and 0.020 at 19°C), but increased substantially at warmer temperatures, reaching 0.033 at 23°C and peaking at 0.039 at 27°C. At 30°C, no viable development was observed, preventing life table estimation. Our findings provide the first integrative dataset for temperature-dependent fecundity and development of D. platura and support its application in mechanistic modeling for seasonal forecasting and climate risk assessment.

摘要花蝇科（diia platura, Meigen，双翅目：花蝇科）是一种广泛分布的多食害虫，了解其热敏性对预测其种群动态和改进害虫防治策略具有重要意义。研究了五种恒温环境（15、19、23、27和30°C）下的斑胸草（D. platura）的生殖和发育性状。成虫的寿命相对较长，但个体间差异很大，这导致了观察到的产卵时间表的差异——特别是在23°C和27°C时，繁殖力模式高度分散和多模式。27°C时繁殖力达到顶峰（98个卵），而30°C时产卵量迅速下降，没有蛹存活到成虫，这表明种群持续存在的边际上限。寿命表参数表现出明显的温度依赖性。在较低的温度下（15°C时为0.019,19°C时为0.020），内在增长率（rm）仍然很低，但在较高的温度下显著增加，在23°C时达到0.033，在27°C时达到0.039的峰值。在30°C时，没有观察到有活力的发育，妨碍了生命表的估计。我们的研究结果提供了第一个基于温度依赖性的白杨繁殖力和发育的综合数据集，并支持其在季节预报和气候风险评估机制建模中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Five-year surveillance of AcSBV prevalence in Apis cerana in northern Taiwan explore the risk of co-cultured with Apis mellifera 台湾北部中华蜜蜂5年AcSBV流行情况监测，探讨与蜜蜂共养的风险

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2026.102520

Zih-Ting Chang , Yu-Shin Nai , Yue-Wen Chen

The sacbrood virus (SBV) poses a significant threat to Apis cerana larvae, often resulting in high mortality rates and potential colony collapse. A five-year monitoring program of A. cerana colonies in northern Taiwan was conducted from 2019 to 2023 to assess changes in AcSBV (SBV in A. cerana) prevalence and to investigate the effects of co-culturing Apis cerana with Apis mellifera. The results revealed that AcSBV prevalence peaked in 2019, with infection rates of 66.47% in A. cerana-only apiaries and 56.51% in co-cultured apiaries. The prevalence in both types of apiaries declined by 2021. Notably, AcSBV prevalence was significantly higher in A. cerana-only apiaries during autumn 2019, but by winter 2023, the highest prevalence was observed in co-cultured apiaries, indicated the cross-species infection of AcSBV, and a potential risk of SBV spillover from A. mellifera. The long-term surveillance data highlight an increased risk of SBV cross-species infection during seasonal transitions in autumn and winter, providing valuable insights for developing beekeeping strategies aimed at mitigating sacbrood disease in Taiwan.

囊化病毒（SBV）对中华蜜蜂幼虫构成重大威胁，往往导致高死亡率和潜在的群体崩溃。本文于2019 - 2023年对台湾北部中华蜜蜂种群进行了5年的监测，以评估中华蜜蜂AcSBV（蜜蜂体内的SBV）流行率的变化，并探讨中华蜜蜂与蜜蜂共培养的效果。结果显示，2019年中华蜜蜂AcSBV感染率达到高峰，单养中华蜜蜂蜂房感染率为66.47%，共养蜂房感染率为56.51%。到2021年，这两种蜂场的流行率都有所下降。值得注意的是，2019年秋季，AcSBV在仅饲养中华蜜蜂的养蜂场的流行率显著高于其他养蜂场，但到2023年冬季，共养养蜂场的流行率最高，这表明AcSBV存在跨物种感染，并存在从蜜蜂传播SBV的潜在风险。长期监测数据显示，在秋季和冬季的季节转换期间，SBV跨物种感染的风险增加，为制定旨在减轻台湾sac产卵病的养蜂策略提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Potential of pheromone attractants for managing insect pests of arable crops in Sub-Saharan Africa 信息素引诱剂在撒哈拉以南非洲可耕地作物害虫管理中的潜力

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102508

Uzoma Donatus Anugwom , Auwalu Hassan Audi

Insect pests contribute to yield losses of up to 40 % in major arable crops across Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), posing significant threats to food security and farmer livelihoods. Conventional reliance on synthetic pesticides is increasingly unsustainable due to pest resistance, health concerns, and environmental risks. This review examines the status, adoption patterns, and effectiveness of pheromone-based pest management in SSA, with emphasis on Spodoptera frugiperda, Tuta absoluta, and Maruca vitrata. Evidence from pilot studies demonstrates that pheromone interventions can reduce pest populations by 35–70 %, and successful integrations have been reported in countries such as Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana, and Benin. Nevertheless, widespread adoption is constrained by several systemic barriers, including weak regulatory frameworks, dependence on imported lures, insufficient local production, inconsistent field efficacy across agroecologies, and limited farmer awareness and extension support. Comparative insights from developed regions reveal both opportunities for scaling and persistent gaps that SSA must overcome. Strengthening regional research and development (R&D) capacity, establishing local manufacturing, aligning policies, and improving farmer education are critical for mainstreaming pheromone-based IPM and reducing pesticide reliance in SSA’s agricultural systems.

在整个撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），害虫造成的主要可耕地作物产量损失高达40%，对粮食安全和农民生计构成重大威胁。由于抗虫害、健康问题和环境风险，对合成农药的传统依赖越来越不可持续。本文综述了信息素防治害虫的现状、应用模式和防治效果，重点介绍了狐夜蛾、绝对夜蛾和小果蛾。来自试点研究的证据表明，信息素干预可使有害生物种群减少35 - 70%，尼日利亚、肯尼亚、加纳和贝宁等国报告了成功的整合。然而，广泛采用受到几个系统性障碍的限制，包括监管框架薄弱、对进口诱饵的依赖、当地生产不足、整个农业生态的田间效果不一致以及农民意识和推广支持有限。来自发达地区的比较见解揭示了扩大规模的机会和必须克服的持续差距。加强区域研发能力、建立当地制造业、协调政策和改善农民教育对于将基于信息素的IPM主流化和减少对农药的依赖在SSA农业系统中至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable rearing of Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae): A comparative study of low-cost agro-based formulated diets 低成本农业配方饲料的比较研究——可持续饲养凤尾蛾（鞘翅目：干蛾科）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102495

Dago Liliane Yao , Adjoua Christiane Eunice Boko , Sansan Kambou , Sika Hortense Blei , Djédoux Maxime Angaman

Rhynchophorus phoenicis, the African palm weevil, is an edible insect species of high nutritional and economic value in sub-Saharan Africa. However, reliance on wild harvesting threatens both the species and its host ecosystems. This study evaluated the suitability of two formulated rearing substrates, based on cassava, banana, coconut mesocarp, and either pig or poultry starter feed, compared to a traditional palm heart substrate plus coconut mesocarp. Key biological parameters including fecundity, hatching rate, larval survival, morphometrics, adult emergence, sex ratio, and female longevity were assessed under controlled conditions. Results showed that while the McbF1 diet enhanced oviposition, the McbF2 substrate significantly improved hatching success (53 %) and larval survival (>70 %). Larvae reared on McbF2 also attained the highest fresh weight (4.90 ± 0.11  g), though morphometric traits remained stable across diets. Adult emergence rates and sex ratios were unaffected by substrate type, and no significant sexual dimorphism in adult morphology was observed. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using local, plant-based by-products supplemented with commercial feed as viable alternatives to palm heart for R. phoenicis rearing. The proposed substrates offer sustainable, reproducible, and economically scalable solutions for insect farming, contributing to biodiversity conservation, food security, and rural income generation.

非洲棕象甲（Rhynchophorus phoenicis）是撒哈拉以南非洲地区一种具有高营养和经济价值的食用昆虫。然而，对野生采伐的依赖威胁着该物种及其宿主生态系统。本研究评估了以木薯、香蕉、椰子中果皮和猪或家禽起始饲料为基础的两种配制饲养基质与传统棕榈心基质加椰子中果皮的适宜性。在控制条件下，评估了主要生物学参数，包括繁殖力、孵化率、幼虫存活率、形态计量学、成虫羽化、性别比和雌性寿命。结果表明，McbF1饲料能促进产卵，而McbF2基质能显著提高孵化成功率（53% %）和幼虫存活率（>70 %）。用McbF2饲养的幼虫鲜重最高（4.90 ± 0.11  g），但形态特征在不同饲料中保持稳定。成虫羽化率和性别比不受基质类型的影响，成虫形态无明显的性别二态性。这些发现表明，利用当地植物性副产品补充商业饲料作为棕心饲养的可行替代品是可行的。所提出的基质为昆虫养殖提供了可持续、可复制且经济上可扩展的解决方案，有助于生物多样性保护、粮食安全和农村创收。

{"title":"Sustainable rearing of Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae): A comparative study of low-cost agro-based formulated diets","authors":"Dago Liliane Yao , Adjoua Christiane Eunice Boko , Sansan Kambou , Sika Hortense Blei , Djédoux Maxime Angaman","doi":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Rhynchophorus phoenicis,</em> the African palm weevil, is an edible insect species of high nutritional and economic value in sub-Saharan Africa. However, reliance on wild harvesting threatens both the species and its host ecosystems. This study evaluated the suitability of two formulated rearing substrates, based on cassava, banana, coconut mesocarp, and either pig or poultry starter feed, compared to a traditional palm heart substrate plus coconut mesocarp. Key biological parameters including fecundity, hatching rate, larval survival, morphometrics, adult emergence, sex ratio, and female longevity were assessed under controlled conditions. Results showed that while the McbF1 diet enhanced oviposition, the McbF2 substrate significantly improved hatching success (53 %) and larval survival (>70 %). Larvae reared on McbF2 also attained the highest fresh weight (4.90 ± 0.11  g), though morphometric traits remained stable across diets. Adult emergence rates and sex ratios were unaffected by substrate type, and no significant sexual dimorphism in adult morphology was observed. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using local, plant-based by-products supplemented with commercial feed as viable alternatives to palm heart for <em>R. phoenicis</em> rearing. The proposed substrates offer sustainable, reproducible, and economically scalable solutions for insect farming, contributing to biodiversity conservation, food security, and rural income generation<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":15094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology","volume":"28 4","pages":"Article 102495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145321159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Invasion and potential spread of the Bemisia tabaci Mediterranean (MED) Q2 subgroup in Korea 韩国烟粉虱地中海（MED） Q2亚群的入侵和潜在传播

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102502

Hwal-Su Hwang , Olha Muzhanovska , Sang-Mok Kim , Young-Su Lee , Inchul Yu , Jong-Gyun Park , Donghun Kim , Chi-Wei Tsai , Sukchan Lee , Kyeong-Yeoll Lee

Bemisia tabaci is a species complex consisting of at least 44 genetically diverse cryptic species with a global distribution. Among them, Mediterranean (MED) is highly invasive and have been spread worldwide including Korea. The MED complex includes four subgroups, with Q1 currently dominant in Korea. Recent studies indicated that Q2, another subgroup of MED, was firstly detected in two noncontiguous regions in 2018, but its further distribution and impact remain unclear. This study surveyed the distribution of Q1 and Q2 analyzing the mtCOI sequences of samples collected at 65 locations on tomato and other host plants from 2021 to 2024 in Korea. Q1 subgroup was distributed throughout the country, and the Q2 subgroup was found at 11 regions in four provinces: Gyunggi (Gwangju), South Chungcheong (Dangjin), South Gyeongsang (Miryang and Busan), and Gangwon (Youngwol, Hongseong, and Pyungchang). This suggests that Q2 has spread into new regions of Korea. Further analysis showed that endosymbiont profiles differed between the two subgroups: Q2 harbored Rickettsia and Arsenophonus, while Q1 harbored Hamiltonella and Cardinium. The Q2 populations was female-dominant (31.5:68.5), but Q1 was slightly male-biased (53.7:46.3). The oviposition rate of Q2 (5.13 ± 0.33) was higher than Q1(3.25 ± 0.25). The cross-mating between Q1 and Q2 populations showed that Q1:Q2 ratio of F1 offspring was Q2-dominant (23.5:76.5) when reared on tomato plants, while near-equal ratio on tobacco and cotton plants. Our findings indicate potential spread of Q2 subgroup in Korea and suggest that further continuous monitoring for the development of effective management strategies of B. tabaci MED Q2 subgroup in Korea.

烟粉虱是一种由至少44种遗传多样性的隐种组成的物种复合体，分布在全球。其中，地中海（MED）的侵袭性很强，已经扩散到包括韩国在内的世界各地。MED复合体包括四个亚组，Q1目前在韩国占主导地位。最近的研究表明，2018年在两个不连续的地区首次发现了MED的另一个亚群Q2，但其进一步的分布和影响尚不清楚。本研究分析了2021 - 2024年在韩国番茄和其他寄主植物上采集的65个地点样品的mtCOI序列，调查了Q1和Q2的分布。Q1亚群分布在全国各地，Q2亚群分布在京畿（光州）、忠南（唐津）、庆南（密阳、釜山）、江原（宁月、洪城、平昌）等4道的11个地区。这表明，“Q2”已经扩散到了新的地区。进一步分析表明，两个亚群的内共生菌谱不同：Q2窝藏立克次体和Arsenophonus，而Q1窝藏Hamiltonella和Cardinium。Q2种群以女性为主（31.5:68.5），而Q1种群以男性为主（53.7:46.3）。Q2的产卵率（5.13±0.33）高于Q1（3.25±0.25）。Q1和Q2群体杂交表明，在番茄植株上饲养的F1后代Q1:Q2比为Q2优势（23.5:76.5），在烟草和棉花植株上饲养的后代Q1:Q2比接近相等。我们的研究结果表明Q2亚群在韩国的潜在传播，并建议进一步持续监测，以制定有效的烟粉虱MED Q2亚群管理策略。

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引用次数: 0

The cost of symbiont disruption: Antibiotic-induced shifts in secondary symbionts reduce population fitness in the greenhouse whitefly 共生破坏的代价：抗生素引起的次生共生体转移降低了温室粉虱的种群适应性

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102496

Marzieh Kashkouli , Jahangir Khajehali

Insects maintain diverse symbiotic relationships with microorganisms that influence their physiology, development, and adaptability. This study investigates the impact of antibiotic treatments on the life history parameters and symbiont composition of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (isolate Zibashahr), a significant agricultural pest. A whitefly population was treated with tetracycline (Tet.), rifampicin (Rif.), or a cocktail of ampicillin, cefotaxime, and gentamicin (A.C.G.) and then, symbiont abundance was assessed through quantitative PCR, while life history parameters were analyzed using age-stage, two-sex life table methods. The qPCR analysis indicated no significant change in the abundance of Portiera. However, populations of Arsenophonus were markedly reduced following exposure to both Rif. and the A.C.G., whereas Hamiltonella and Rickettsia displayed significant increases. These shifts in microbial composition corresponded with noticeable changes in whitefly development, adult longevity, survival rates, and life expectancy compared to controls. These findings suggest that antibiotic-induced shifts in symbiont populations can impact the fitness of T. vaporariorum, providing important insights for integrated pest management approaches.

昆虫与影响其生理、发育和适应性的微生物保持着多种共生关系。研究了不同抗生素处理对我国重要农业害虫蒸发三棱线虫（Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Zibashahr）生活史参数和共生体组成的影响。用四环素（Tet.）、利福平（Rif.）或氨苄西林、头孢噻肟和庆大霉素（A.C.G.）的混合物处理白蝇种群，然后通过定量PCR评估共生体丰度，同时使用年龄阶段、两性生命表法分析生活史参数。qPCR分析显示Portiera的丰度无显著变化。然而，Arsenophonus的种群数量在暴露于Rif和Rif后明显减少。而汉密尔顿氏菌和立克次体则有显著增加。与对照组相比，这些微生物组成的变化与粉虱发育、成虫寿命、存活率和预期寿命的显著变化相对应。这些发现表明，抗生素引起的共生种群的变化可能影响汽化螟的适合度，为害虫综合治理方法提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of environmentally-acquired gut symbionts on fitness and behavior of adult female host, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) 环境获得性肠道共生体对成年雌寄主步行Riptortus（半翅目：盲蝽科）适应度和行为的影响

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102469

Minhyung Jung, Joo-Young Kim, Doo-Hyung Lee

Bean bug, Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae), acquires its symbiotic bacteria belonging to family Burkholderiaceae from soil environments in every generation. Beneficial effects of its symbiotic bacteria have been demonstrated mainly with immature stages of R. pedestris, while remaining their effects on adult biology largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated effects of the gut symbiont, Caballeronia insecticola, on fitness and behavior traits of female R. pedestris adults. First, the symbiotic bacteria exerted adverse effects on survivorship, with which survival rates decreased to 86.7 % and 56.7 % in apo-symbiotic and symbiotic females, respectively, at 60 days after adult emergence. Despite a reduced longevity of symbiotic females, the fecundity of symbiotic insects was on average 2.0-fold greater than that of apo-symbiotic ones during this period. We also evaluated overwintering survivorship in laboratory conditions and found that symbiotic females exhibited significantly higher survivorship than that of apo-symbiotic ones. Second, behavioral assays demonstrated that symbiotic R. pedestris displayed enhanced feeding efficiency by consuming higher amounts of soybean per feeding attempt. For both walking and flight capacity, symbiosis yielded significant increases in mobility than apo-symbiotic ones. In particular, symbiotic females flew on average 1.3 km over 4 h, which was 138.1-fold greater than apo-symbiotic ones. Finally, symbiotic females were less susceptible to an organophosphate insecticide, fenitrothion, yielding the lethal concentrations for 50 % (LC₅₀) at 72.4 ppm and 92.4 ppm for apo-symbiotic and symbiotic groups, respectively. Taken together, our study demonstrates that the symbiotic effects on female R. pedestris would favor the host population growth.

豆虫Riptortus stris（半翅目：豆虫科）每一代都从土壤环境中获得属于Burkholderiaceae的共生细菌。其共生细菌的有益作用主要体现在未成熟阶段，而对成虫生物学的影响尚未得到充分研究。本研究研究了肠道共生体卡瓦隆菌（cabalalleronia）对雌性步行田鼠成虫健康和行为特征的影响。首先，共生菌对成虫的存活率有不利影响，在成虫羽化后60天，共生菌和非共生菌的成虫存活率分别降至86.7%和56.7%。尽管共生雌虫寿命缩短，但在此期间，共生昆虫的繁殖力平均比非共生昆虫高2.0倍。我们还在实验室条件下评估了越冬存活率，发现共生雌虫的存活率明显高于非共生雌虫。其次，行为分析表明，共生性的步行街鼠通过每次进食更多的大豆而表现出更高的摄食效率。对于行走和飞行能力，共生产生显著的流动性比非共生的。特别是，共生雌性在4小时内的平均飞行距离为1.3公里，是非共生雌性的138.1倍。最后，共生雌虫对有机磷杀虫剂菲硝硫磷的敏感性较低，在72.4 ppm和92.4 ppm时，共生雌虫的致死浓度分别为50% （LC50）。综上所述，我们的研究表明，雌性步行鼠的共生效应有利于寄主种群的增长。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoformulated amygdalin from agro-waste for aphid control and induction of tomato resistance mechanism 农业废弃物纳米配方苦杏仁苷防治蚜虫及诱导番茄抗性机理研究

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102480

Fawzya AlOmari , Zarah I. Alzahrani , Layla Yousif Abdullah Al Hijab , Somia M. Elagib , Deyala M. Naguib

Aphid infestation poses a significant threat to agricultural productivity, necessitating the development of eco-friendly and effective pest management strategies. In this study, we report the preparation, characterization, and insecticidal efficacy of nano-amygdalin—a nanoformulated compound derived from apricot seed meal—against the green peach aphid Myzus persicae, along with its impact on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plant defense responses. Amygdalin was extracted from apricot seed meal and immobilized onto silica nanoparticles synthesized from rice straw. The immobilization process achieved an efficiency of 92.4 % after 6 h. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful formation and structural characteristics of the nano-amygdalin complex. Laboratory bioassays demonstrated that nano-amygdalin significantly reduced aphid survival and fecundity, with the highest tested concentration (0.5 mg/mL) decreasing survival to 12 % and fecundity to 0.65 nymphs/female/day. Furthermore, tomato plants treated with nano-amygdalin under aphid infestation showed enhanced growth and attenuated oxidative stress, evidenced by reduced hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels. Activities of defense-related enzymes, including peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, were significantly elevated in treated plants. Notably, treated plants also exhibited increased levels of cell wall-bound phenolics and peroxidase, suggesting enhanced lignification as part of the induced defense mechanism. These findings highlight the potential of nano-amygdalin as a sustainable, plant-compatible biopesticide that not only suppresses aphid populations but also fortifies host plant defense pathways.

蚜虫对农业生产力构成重大威胁，因此必须制定生态友好和有效的虫害管理战略。在这项研究中，我们报道了纳米苦杏仁苷（一种从杏籽粕中提取的纳米配方化合物）的制备、表征和杀虫效果，以及它对番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）植物防御反应的影响。从杏籽粕中提取苦杏仁苷，并将其固定在以稻草为原料合成的二氧化硅纳米颗粒上。通过透射电镜（TEM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）证实了纳米苦杏仁苷配合物的成功形成和结构特征。实验室生物测定表明，纳米苦杏仁苷显著降低蚜虫的存活率和繁繁率，最高测试浓度（0.5 mg/mL）使蚜虫存活率降低至12%，繁繁率降低至0.65若虫/雌/天。此外，经纳米苦杏仁苷处理的番茄植株在蚜虫侵染下表现出生长增强和氧化胁迫减弱，过氧化氢和丙二醛水平降低。处理过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶等防御相关酶活性显著升高。值得注意的是，处理过的植物也表现出细胞壁结合酚类物质和过氧化物酶水平的增加，这表明木质素化的增强是诱导防御机制的一部分。这些发现突出了纳米苦杏仁苷作为一种可持续的、与植物相容的生物农药的潜力，它不仅可以抑制蚜虫种群，还可以加强寄主植物的防御途径。

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引用次数: 0

Improved insecticidal activity of Autographa californica multiple nucleapolyhedrovirus harbouring dsRNA genes specific to Spodoptera exigua 含有夜蛾特异性dsRNA基因的加州自噬多核多角体病毒杀虫活性的提高

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Journal of Asia-pacific Entomology

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aspen.2025.102505

Minghui Wang , Jae Young Choi , Dong Hwan Park , Siyi Liu , Ha Jin Jang , Yeon Ho Je

The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, a globally distributed agricultural pest, is known for its high resistance to conventional chemical insecticides. Although their slow pathogenicity limits application, baculoviruses represent a potentially effective alternative for the control of S. exigua. Recently, RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a promising strategy for controlling insect pests by silencing essential genes, thereby inducing mortality and reducing insect populations. In this study, exogeneous dsRNAs targeting beta-1-integrin (dsITGB1), AChE1 (dsAChE1), and Apolipophorin III (dsApoLp-III) of S. exigua significantly increased insecticidal activity of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) against S. exigua larvae when they were applied through hemocoelic injection. To improve AcMNPV efficacy, these dsRNA genes were introduced into AcMNPV genome singly or in combination. These recombinant AcMNPVs exhibited enhanced mortality rates, demonstrating that the insecticidal activity of AcMNPV could be enhanced by introducing these dsRNA genes. In particular, these enhancing effects were more evident when dsRNA genes were introduced in combination. These results suggested that dsRNA genes could be useful to enhance insecticidal activity of AcMNPV for environmentally friendly and effective control of S. exigua.

甜菜粘虫（Spodoptera exigua）是一种全球分布的农业害虫，以其对常规化学杀虫剂的高抗性而闻名。尽管杆状病毒的缓慢致病性限制了其应用，但杆状病毒代表了一种潜在的有效的控制出口葡萄球菌的替代方法。最近，RNA干扰（RNAi）已成为一种很有前途的控制害虫的策略，通过沉默必需基因，从而诱导死亡和减少昆虫种群。在本研究中，外源的dsRNAs靶向出口葡萄球菌的β -1整合素（dsITGB1）、AChE1 （dsAChE1）和载脂蛋白III (dsApoLp-III)，通过腹腔注射可显著提高加州多核多角体病毒（AcMNPV）对出口葡萄球菌幼虫的杀虫活性。为了提高AcMNPV的疗效，将这些dsRNA基因单独或联合导入AcMNPV基因组。这些重组AcMNPV表现出更高的死亡率，表明通过引入这些dsRNA基因可以增强AcMNPV的杀虫活性。特别是，当dsRNA基因组合引入时，这些增强作用更为明显。这些结果表明，dsRNA基因可用于增强AcMNPV的杀虫活性，以实现环境友好和有效的灭虫效果。

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