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Special Focus: The Potential of Gram-Positive Bacteria 特别关注:革兰氏阳性细菌的潜力。
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400413
Erika Kothe
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引用次数: 0
Deciphering Indigenous Bacterial Diversity of Co-Polluted Sites to Unravel Its Bioremediation Potential: A Metagenomic Approach 解密共污染场地的本地细菌多样性,挖掘其生物修复潜力:元基因组学方法
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400303
Manoj Kumar, Harvinder Singh Saini

Polluted drains across the globe are affected due to reckless disposal of untreated industrial effluents resulting in significant water pollution affecting microbial community structure/dynamics. To elucidate this, polluted samples were collected from Budha Nala (BN) drain, Tung Dhab (TD) drain, and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) receiving an inflow of organic pollutants as well as heavy metals due to anthropogenic activities. The sample of unpolluted pristine soil (PS) was used as control, as there is no history of usage of organic chemicals at this site. The bacterial diversity of these samples was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform by amplifying the V3/V4 region of 16S rRNA. The majority of operational taxonomic unit (OTUs) at polluted sites belonged to phyla Proteobacteria specifically Gammaproteobacteria class, followed by Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, WS6, and TM7, whereas unpolluted site revealed the prevalence of Proteobacteria followed by Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Acidobacteria, Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, and Nitrospirae. The data sets decode unclassified species of the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and WS6, along with some unclassified bacterial species. The study provided a comparative study of changed microbial community structure, their possible functions across diverse geographical locations, and identifying specific bacterial genera as pollution bio-indicators of aged polluted drains.

由于肆意排放未经处理的工业废水,全球各地的受污染排水沟都受到了影响,造成了严重的水污染,影响了微生物群落的结构/动力学。为了阐明这一点,研究人员从 Budha Nala(BN)排水沟、Tung Dhab(TD)排水沟和废水处理厂(WWTP)收集了受污染的样本,这些样本因人为活动而受到有机污染物和重金属的影响。未受污染的原生态土壤(PS)样本被用作对照,因为该地点没有使用有机化学品的历史。通过扩增 16S rRNA 的 V3/V4 区域,利用 Illumina MiSeq 平台对这些样本的细菌多样性进行了测序。受污染地点的大多数操作分类单元(OTUs)属于变形菌门,特别是担子菌门,其次是放线菌门、杆菌门、绿菌门、固形菌门、扁孢菌门、WS6 和 TM7、WS6 和 TM7,而未受污染的地点则普遍存在变形菌类,其次是放线菌类、 Planctomycetes、Firmicutes、Acidobacteria、Chloroflexi、Bacteroidetes、Verrucomicrobia 和 Nitrospirae。这些数据集解码了变形菌门、细菌门、绿僵菌门、固形菌门和 WS6 门的未分类物种,以及一些未分类的细菌物种。该研究对不同地理位置变化的微生物群落结构及其可能的功能进行了比较研究,并确定了特定细菌属作为老化污染排水沟的污染生物指标。
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引用次数: 0
Cover: Journal of Basic Microbiology. 7/2024 封面:基础微生物学杂志》。7/2024
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202470061

Cover illustration:

Endophytic fungi, microscopic organisms that reside in plant tissues without causing visible damage to the host plant, are essential for plant growth and survival. Candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.), a plant that thrives in semidesert conditions, relies heavily on symbiotic collaboration with these endophytic fungi for survival. Among these, the strain Aspergillus niger ITD-IN 4.1, identified as an endophyte after its isolation from the roots of candelilla (Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.), stands out.

(Photo: Itzel C. Nuñez-García, Depto. de Ing. Química-Bioquímica.Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango. Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT-LaNAEPBi, Unidad de Servicio Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango)

封面插图:内生真菌是寄居在植物组织中的微小生物,不会对寄主植物造成明显损害,对植物的生长和生存至关重要。仙客来(Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.)是一种在半荒漠条件下生长的植物,它的生存在很大程度上依赖于与这些内生真菌的共生合作。其中,黑曲霉 ITD-IN 4.1 菌株最为突出,该菌株从蜡烛草(Euphorbia antisyphilitica Zucc.)根部分离出来后被确定为内生真菌。Química-Bioquímica.Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango.Laboratorio Nacional CONAHCYT-LaNAEPBi, Unidad de Servicio Tecnológico Nacional de México/I.T.Durango)
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引用次数: 0
Issue Information: Journal of Basic Microbiology. 7/2024 期刊信息:基础微生物学杂志》。7/2024
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202470062
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引用次数: 0
An Insightful Overview of Microbial Biosurfactant: A Promising Next-Generation Biomolecule for Sustainable Future 微生物生物表面活性剂的深入概述:一种有望实现可持续未来的下一代生物分子。
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202300757
Athira Thundiparambil Venu, Jasna Vijayan, Mohamed Hatha Abdulla Ammanamveetil, Krishnan Kottekkattu Padinchati

Microbial biosurfactant is an emerging vital biomolecule of the 21st century. They are amphiphilic compounds produced by microorganisms and possess unique properties to reduce surface tension activity. The use of microbial surfactants spans most of the industrial fields due to their biodegradability, less toxicity, being environmentally safe, and being synthesized from renewable sources. These would be highly efficient eco-friendly alternatives to petroleum-derived surfactants that would open up new approaches to research on the production of biosurfactants. In the upcoming era, biobased surfactants will become a dominating multifunctional compound in the world market. Research on biosurfactants ranges from the search for novel microorganisms that can produce new molecules, structural and physiochemical characterization of biosurfactants, and fermentation process for enhanced large-scale productivity and green applications. The main goal of this review is to provide an overview of the recent state of knowledge and trends about microbially derived surfactants, various aspects of biosurfactant production, definition, properties, characteristics, diverse advances, and applications. This would lead a long way in the production of biosurfactants as globally successful biomolecules of the current century.

微生物生物表面活性剂是 21 世纪新兴的重要生物大分子。它们是由微生物产生的两亲化合物,具有降低表面张力活性的独特性质。由于微生物表面活性剂具有生物降解性、毒性较小、对环境安全以及可从可再生资源中合成等特点,其使用范围遍及大多数工业领域。这些都将成为石油衍生表面活性剂的高效环保替代品,为生物表面活性剂的生产研究开辟了新的途径。在即将到来的时代,生物基表面活性剂将成为世界市场上占主导地位的多功能化合物。生物表面活性剂的研究范围包括寻找能生产新分子的新型微生物、生物表面活性剂的结构和理化特性分析,以及提高大规模生产率和绿色应用的发酵工艺。本综述的主要目的是概述有关微生物衍生表面活性剂、生物表面活性剂生产的各个方面、定义、性质、特点、各种进展和应用的最新知识和趋势。这将为生物表面活性剂的生产铺平道路,使其成为本世纪全球成功的生物分子。
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引用次数: 0
An Overview on Nocardiopsis Species Originating From North African Biotopes as a Promising Source of Bioactive Compounds and In Silico Genome Mining Analysis of Three Sequenced Genomes 概述源自北非生物群落的 Nocardiopsis 物种作为生物活性化合物的前景,以及对三个已测序基因组的硅基因组挖掘分析。
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400046
Rima Ouchene, Nawel Zaatout, Marcelino T. Suzuki

Actinobacteria are renowned for their prolific production of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on exploring “rare” genera within this phylum for biodiscovery purposes, notably the Nocardiopsis genus, which will be the subject of the present study. Recognizing the absence of articles describing the research process of finding bioactive molecules from the genus Nocardiopsis in North African environments. We, therefore, present a historical overview of the discoveries of bioactive molecules of the genus Nocardiopsis originating from the region, highlighting their biological activities and associated reported molecules, providing a snapshot of the current state of the field, and offering insights into future opportunities and challenges for drug discovery. Additionally, we present a genome mining analysis of three genomes deposited in public databases that have been reported to be bioactive. A total of 36 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified, including those known to encode bioactive molecules. Notably, a substantial portion of the BGCs showed little to no similarity to those previously described, suggesting the possibility that the analyzed strains could be potential producers of new compounds. Further research on these genomes is essential to fully uncovering their biotechnological potential. Moving forward, we discuss the experimental designs adopted in the reported studies, as well as new avenues to guide the exploration of the Nocardiopsis genus in North Africa.

放线菌以大量产生各种具有生物活性的次级代谢产物而闻名。近年来,人们越来越重视探索该门类中的 "稀有 "属进行生物发现,特别是 Nocardiopsis 属,这将是本研究的主题。由于缺乏描述在北非环境中发现 Nocardiopsis 属生物活性分子的研究过程的文章。因此,我们对该地区发现的 Nocardiopsis 属生物活性分子进行了历史性概述,重点介绍了这些分子的生物活性和相关报道分子,提供了该领域的现状,并对未来药物发现的机遇和挑战提出了见解。此外,我们还对公共数据库中保存的三个据报道具有生物活性的基因组进行了基因组挖掘分析。共鉴定出 36 个生物合成基因簇 (BGC),其中包括已知的生物活性分子编码基因簇。值得注意的是,相当一部分生物合成基因组与之前描述的生物合成基因组几乎没有相似之处,这表明所分析的菌株有可能是新化合物的潜在生产者。对这些基因组的进一步研究对于充分挖掘其生物技术潜力至关重要。展望未来,我们将讨论报告研究中采用的实验设计,以及指导北非 Nocardiopsis 属探索的新途径。
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引用次数: 0
Role of cspA on the Preparation of Escherichia coli Competent Cells by Calcium Chloride Method cspA 对用氯化钙法制备大肠杆菌合格细胞的作用
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400113
Xiaona Chen, Ning Zhu, Guangrui Yang, Xiaopeng Guo, Shangchen Sun, Feifan Leng, Yonggang Wang

One of the fundamental techniques in genetic engineering is the creation of Escherichia coli competent cells using the CaCl2 method. However, little is known about the mechanism of E. coli competence formation. We have previously found that the cspA gene may play an indispensable role in the preparation of E. coli DH5α competent cells through multiomics analysis. In the present study, the cellular localization, physicochemical properties, and function of the protein expressed by the cspA gene were analyzed. To investigate the role of the cspA gene in E. coli transformation, cspA-deficient mutant was constructed by red homologous recombination. The growth, transformation efficiency, and cell morphology of the cspA-deficient strain and E. coli were compared. It was found that there were no noticeable differences in growth and morphology between E. coli and the cspA-deficient strain cultured at 37°C, but the mutant exhibited increased transformation efficiencies compared to E. coli DH5α for plasmids pUC19, pET-32a, and p1304, with enhancements of 2.23, 2.24, and 3.46 times, respectively. It was proved that cspA gene is an important negative regulatory gene in the CaCl2 preparation of competent cells.

基因工程的基本技术之一是使用 CaCl2 方法创建大肠杆菌能力细胞。然而,人们对大肠杆菌能力形成的机制知之甚少。我们之前通过多组学分析发现,cspA 基因可能在制备大肠杆菌 DH5α 能力细胞的过程中发挥着不可或缺的作用。本研究分析了 cspA 基因表达的蛋白质的细胞定位、理化性质和功能。为了研究 cspA 基因在大肠杆菌转化中的作用,研究人员通过红色同源重组构建了 cspA 基因缺失突变体。比较了 cspA 基因缺陷株和大肠杆菌的生长、转化效率和细胞形态。结果发现,37℃培养的大肠杆菌与 cspA 基因缺陷突变株在生长和形态上没有明显差异,但突变株对质粒 pUC19、pET-32a 和 p1304 的转化效率比大肠杆菌 DH5α 有所提高,分别提高了 2.23 倍、2.24 倍和 3.46 倍。实验证明,cspA 基因是能育细胞 CaCl2 制备过程中一个重要的负调控基因。
{"title":"Role of cspA on the Preparation of Escherichia coli Competent Cells by Calcium Chloride Method","authors":"Xiaona Chen,&nbsp;Ning Zhu,&nbsp;Guangrui Yang,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Guo,&nbsp;Shangchen Sun,&nbsp;Feifan Leng,&nbsp;Yonggang Wang","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One of the fundamental techniques in genetic engineering is the creation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> competent cells using the CaCl<sub>2</sub> method. However, little is known about the mechanism of <i>E. coli</i> competence formation. We have previously found that the <i>cspA</i> gene may play an indispensable role in the preparation of <i>E. coli</i> DH5α competent cells through multiomics analysis. In the present study, the cellular localization, physicochemical properties, and function of the protein expressed by the <i>cspA</i> gene were analyzed. To investigate the role of the <i>cspA</i> gene in <i>E. coli</i> transformation, <i>cspA-</i>deficient mutant was constructed by red homologous recombination. The growth, transformation efficiency, and cell morphology of the <i>cspA-</i>deficient strain and <i>E. coli</i> were compared. It was found that there were no noticeable differences in growth and morphology between <i>E. coli</i> and the <i>cspA-</i>deficient strain cultured at 37°C, but the mutant exhibited increased transformation efficiencies compared to <i>E. coli</i> DH5α for plasmids pUC19, pET-32a, and p1304, with enhancements of 2.23, 2.24, and 3.46 times, respectively. It was proved that <i>cspA</i> gene is an important negative regulatory gene in the CaCl<sub>2</sub> preparation of competent cells.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.202400113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Purification, Characterization, and Assessment of Anticancer Activity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Novel Thermophilic Bacillus tequilensis ASFS1‏ 新型嗜热芽孢杆菌 ASFS1 生物合成的氧化铁纳米粒子的纯化、表征和抗癌活性评估
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400153
Naghmeh Satarzadeh, Mojtaba Shakibaie, Hamid Forootanfar, Bagher Amirheidari

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), are a fascinating group of nanoparticles that have been considerably investigated for biomedical applications because of their superparamagnetic properties, biodegradable nature, and biocompatibility. A novel Gram-positive moderately thermophilic bacterial strain, namely Bacillus tequilensis ASFS.1, was isolated and identified. This strain is capable of producing superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and exhibiting magnetotaxis behavior. This strain swimming behavior was investigated under static and dynamic environments, where it behaved very much similar to the magnetotaxis in magnetotactic bacteria. This study is the first report of a bacterium from the Bacillaceae family that has the potential to intracellular biosynthesis of IONPs. MNPs were separated by a magnetic and reproducible method which was designed for the first time for this study. In addition, UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis were utilized to characterize the bio-fabricated magnetite nanoparticles. Analysis of the particle size distribution pattern of the biogenic MNPs by FESEM imaging revealed the size range of 10–100 nm with the size range of 10–40 nm MNPs being the most frequent particles. VSM analysis demonstrated that biogenic MNPs displayed superparamagnetic properties with a high saturation magnetization value of 184 emu/g. After 24 h treatment of 3T3, U87, A549, MCF-7, and HT-29 cell lines with the biogenic MNPs, IC50 values were measured to be 339, 641, 582, 149, and 184 μg mL−1, respectively. This study presents the novel strain ASFS.1 capable of magnetotaxis by the aid of its magnetite nanoparticles and paving information on isolation, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity of its MNPs. The MNPs showed promising potential for biomedical applications, obviously subject to additional studies.

磁性纳米粒子(MNPs),特别是氧化铁纳米粒子(IONPs),是一组令人着迷的纳米粒子,由于其超顺磁性能、生物可降解性和生物兼容性,在生物医学应用方面受到了广泛的研究。研究人员分离并鉴定了一种新型革兰氏阳性中度嗜热细菌菌株,即茶碱芽孢杆菌(Bacillus tequilensis ASFS.1)。该菌株能够产生超顺磁性的 Fe3O4 纳米粒子,并表现出磁导行为。研究人员对该菌株在静态和动态环境下的游动行为进行了调查,发现其行为与趋磁细菌的磁导行为非常相似。这项研究首次报道了一种芽孢杆菌科细菌具有在细胞内生物合成 IONPs 的潜力。本研究首次设计了一种磁性和可重复的方法来分离 MNPs。此外,还利用紫外可见分光光度计、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪、振动样品磁力计、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、X 射线衍射和热重力分析来表征生物制造的磁铁矿纳米粒子。通过 FESEM 成像分析生物源 MNPs 的粒度分布模式,发现其粒度范围为 10-100 nm,其中 10-40 nm 的 MNPs 最常见。VSM 分析表明,生物源 MNPs 具有超顺磁性,饱和磁化值高达 184 emu/g。用生物源 MNPs 处理 3T3、U87、A549、MCF-7 和 HT-29 细胞株 24 小时后,测得的 IC50 值分别为 339、641、582、149 和 184 μg mL-1。本研究介绍了新型菌株 ASFS.1借助其磁铁矿纳米颗粒的磁致伸缩能力,并为其 MNPs 的分离、表征和体外细胞毒性提供了信息。这些 MNPs 在生物医学应用方面展现出了巨大的潜力,但显然还有待进一步研究。
{"title":"Purification, Characterization, and Assessment of Anticancer Activity of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Novel Thermophilic Bacillus tequilensis ASFS1‏","authors":"Naghmeh Satarzadeh,&nbsp;Mojtaba Shakibaie,&nbsp;Hamid Forootanfar,&nbsp;Bagher Amirheidari","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400153","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), particularly iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), are a fascinating group of nanoparticles that have been considerably investigated for biomedical applications because of their superparamagnetic properties, biodegradable nature, and biocompatibility. A novel Gram-positive moderately thermophilic bacterial strain, namely <i>Bacillus tequilensis</i> ASFS.1, was isolated and identified. This strain is capable of producing superparamagnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles and exhibiting magnetotaxis behavior. This strain swimming behavior was investigated under static and dynamic environments, where it behaved very much similar to the magnetotaxis in magnetotactic bacteria. This study is the first report of a bacterium from the <i>Bacillaceae</i> family that has the potential to intracellular biosynthesis of IONPs. MNPs were separated by a magnetic and reproducible method which was designed for the first time for this study. In addition, UV-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis were utilized to characterize the bio-fabricated magnetite nanoparticles. Analysis of the particle size distribution pattern of the biogenic MNPs by FESEM imaging revealed the size range of 10–100 nm with the size range of 10–40 nm MNPs being the most frequent particles. VSM analysis demonstrated that biogenic MNPs displayed superparamagnetic properties with a high saturation magnetization value of 184 emu/g. After 24 h treatment of 3T3, U87, A549, MCF-7, and HT-29 cell lines with the biogenic MNPs, IC<sub>50</sub> values were measured to be 339, 641, 582, 149, and 184 μg mL<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. This study presents the novel strain ASFS.1 capable of magnetotaxis by the aid of its magnetite nanoparticles and paving information on isolation, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity of its MNPs. The MNPs showed promising potential for biomedical applications, obviously subject to additional studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Altitudinal Impact on Phytochemical Composition and Mycorrhizal Diversity of Taxus Contorta Griff in the Temperate Forest of Shimla District 海拔高度对西姆拉地区温带森林丛生紫杉(Taxus Contorta Griff)植物化学成分和菌根多样性的影响
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400016
Saurav Chauhan, Rajni Dhalaria, Shankharoop Ghoshal, K.S. Kanwal, Rachna Verma

Taxus contorta (family Taxaceae) is a native plant of temperate region of western Himalaya. The current study investigated the effect of altitude on the phytochemical composition and mycorrhizal diversity, associated with distribution of T. contorta in Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh, India. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts indicated that alkaloid levels decreased with altitude, with the highest value in Himri's methanol extracts (72.79 ± 1.08 mg/g) while phenol content increased with altitude, peaking in Nankhari's methanol extracts (118.83 ± 5.90 mg/g). Saponin content was higher in methanol extracts (78.13 ± 1.66 mg/g in Nankhari, 68.06 ± 1.92 mg/g in Pabbas, and 56.32 ± 1.93 mg/g in Himri). Flavonoid levels were notably higher in chloroform extracts, particularly in Nankhari (219.97 ± 2.99 mg/g), and positively correlated with altitude. Terpenoids were higher in chloroform extracts at Himri (11.34 ± 0.10 mg/g) and decreased with altitude. Taxol content showed minimal variation between solvents and altitudes (4.53–6.98 ppm), while rutin was only detected in methanol extracts (1.31–1.46 ppm). Mycorrhizal spore counts in T. contorta's rhizosphere varied with altitude: highest at Himri (77.83 ± 2.20 spores/50 g soil), decreasing to Pabbas (68.06 ± 1.96 spores/50 g soil) and lowest at Nankhari (66.00 ± 2.77 spores/50 g soil), with 17 AMF species identified overall, showing significant altitudinal influence on spore density. The rhizosphere of T. contorta was shown to be dominated by the Glomus species. The rhizospheric soil of the plant was found to be slightly acidic. Organic carbon and available potassium content decreased contrasting with increasing available nitrogen and phosphorus with altitude. Correlation data showed strong negative links between organic carbon (−0.83), moderate positive for nitrogen (0.46) and phosphorus (0.414), and moderate negative for potassium (−0.56) with the altitude. This study provides a comprehensive insight into changes in phytochemical constituents, mycorrhizal diversity and soil composition of T. contorta along a range of altitude.

contorta 紫杉(紫杉科)是喜马拉雅西部温带地区的原生植物。本研究调查了海拔高度对植物化学成分和菌根多样性的影响,以及 T. contorta 在印度喜马偕尔邦西姆拉地区的分布情况。叶片提取物的定量植物化学分析表明,生物碱含量随着海拔的升高而降低,最高值出现在 Himri 的甲醇提取物中(72.79 ± 1.08 mg/g),而酚含量随着海拔的升高而增加,最高值出现在 Nankhari 的甲醇提取物中(118.83 ± 5.90 mg/g)。甲醇提取物中的皂苷含量较高(Nankhari 为 78.13 ± 1.66 毫克/克,Pabbas 为 68.06 ± 1.92 毫克/克,Himri 为 56.32 ± 1.93 毫克/克)。氯仿提取物中的类黄酮含量明显较高,尤其是在 Nankhari(219.97 ± 2.99 毫克/克),并且与海拔呈正相关。萜类化合物在 Himri 的氯仿提取物中含量较高(11.34 ± 0.10 毫克/克),并随着海拔的升高而降低。紫杉醇含量在不同溶剂和海拔高度之间的变化极小(4.53-6.98 ppm),而芦丁仅在甲醇提取物中检测到(1.31-1.46 ppm)。T. contorta 根圈中的菌根孢子数量随海拔高度而变化:Himri 最高(77.83 ± 2.20 个孢子/50 克土壤),Pabbas 最低(68.06 ± 1.96 个孢子/50 克土壤),Nankhari 最低(66.00 ± 2.77 个孢子/50 克土壤)。结果表明,T. contorta 的根瘤菌以 Glomus 种类为主。该植物的根圈土壤呈微酸性。随着海拔的升高,有机碳和可利用钾含量减少,而可利用氮和磷含量增加。相关数据显示,有机碳(-0.83)与海拔呈强负相关,氮(0.46)和磷(0.414)与海拔呈中度正相关,钾(-0.56)与海拔呈中度负相关。这项研究全面揭示了海拔高度范围内 T. contorta 植物化学成分、菌根多样性和土壤成分的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Bioactive Streptomycetes: A Powerful Tool to Synthesize Diverse Nanoparticles With Multifarious Properties 生物活性链霉菌:合成具有多种特性的纳米粒子的有力工具
IF 3.5 4区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400129
Muhammad Sultan Anjum, Shazia Khaliq, Neelma Ashraf, Munir Ahmad Anwar, Kalsoom Akhtar

Nanobiotechnology has gained significant attention due to its capacity to generate substantial benefits through the integration of microbial biotechnology and nanotechnology. Among microbial organisms, Actinomycetes, particularly the prominent genus Streptomycetes, have garnered attention for their prolific production of antibiotics. Streptomycetes have emerged as pivotal contributors to the discovery of a substantial number of antibiotics and play a dominant role in combating infectious diseases on a global scale. Despite the noteworthy progress achieved through the development and utilization of antibiotics to combat infectious pathogens, the prevalence of infectious diseases remains a prominent cause of mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly and children. The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens has diminished the efficacy of antibiotics in recent decades. Nevertheless, Streptomycetes continue to demonstrate their potential by producing bioactive metabolites for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Streptomycetes are instrumental in producing nanoparticles with diverse bioactive characteristics, including antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles have exhibited a meaningful reduction in the impact of antibiotic resistance, providing resources for the development of new and effective drugs. This review succinctly outlines the significant applications of Streptomycetes as a crucial element in nanoparticle synthesis, showcasing their potential for diverse and enhanced beneficial applications.

纳米生物技术因其通过整合微生物生物技术和纳米技术产生巨大效益的能力而备受关注。在微生物中,放线菌,尤其是著名的链霉菌属,因其大量生产抗生素而备受关注。链霉菌是发现大量抗生素的关键贡献者,在全球范围内抗击传染性疾病方面发挥着主导作用。尽管通过开发和利用抗生素来抗击传染病病原体取得了显著进展,但传染病的流行仍然是全球死亡的主要原因,尤其是在老人和儿童中。近几十年来,病原体对抗生素产生的抗药性削弱了抗生素的功效。尽管如此,链霉菌仍通过产生生物活性代谢物来合成纳米粒子,从而继续展示其潜力。链霉菌有助于生产具有多种生物活性特性的纳米粒子,包括抗病毒、抗菌、抗真菌、抗氧化和抗肿瘤特性。生物合成的纳米粒子大大减少了抗生素耐药性的影响,为开发新的有效药物提供了资源。这篇综述简明扼要地概述了链霉菌作为纳米粒子合成的关键元素的重要应用,展示了它们在多样化和增强有益应用方面的潜力。
{"title":"Bioactive Streptomycetes: A Powerful Tool to Synthesize Diverse Nanoparticles With Multifarious Properties","authors":"Muhammad Sultan Anjum,&nbsp;Shazia Khaliq,&nbsp;Neelma Ashraf,&nbsp;Munir Ahmad Anwar,&nbsp;Kalsoom Akhtar","doi":"10.1002/jobm.202400129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.202400129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nanobiotechnology has gained significant attention due to its capacity to generate substantial benefits through the integration of microbial biotechnology and nanotechnology. Among microbial organisms, Actinomycetes, particularly the prominent genus Streptomycetes, have garnered attention for their prolific production of antibiotics. Streptomycetes have emerged as pivotal contributors to the discovery of a substantial number of antibiotics and play a dominant role in combating infectious diseases on a global scale. Despite the noteworthy progress achieved through the development and utilization of antibiotics to combat infectious pathogens, the prevalence of infectious diseases remains a prominent cause of mortality worldwide, particularly among the elderly and children. The emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogens has diminished the efficacy of antibiotics in recent decades. Nevertheless, Streptomycetes continue to demonstrate their potential by producing bioactive metabolites for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Streptomycetes are instrumental in producing nanoparticles with diverse bioactive characteristics, including antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. Biologically synthesized nanoparticles have exhibited a meaningful reduction in the impact of antibiotic resistance, providing resources for the development of new and effective drugs. This review succinctly outlines the significant applications of Streptomycetes as a crucial element in nanoparticle synthesis, showcasing their potential for diverse and enhanced beneficial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.202400129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Basic Microbiology
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