Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213608
Xinshuo Wang, Heng Wu, Xiongfei Wang
Current grid code has explicit requirement on the fault current injection profile of grid-following voltage-source converters (GFL-VSCs), i.e., the output reactive current of GFL-VSC needs to be proportional to voltage- magnitude deviation at the point of connection (PoC) until its current limitation is reached. This article points out that such way of injecting the fault current may result in transient overvoltage (TOV) at the PoC during fault recovery, and the rate of change of current reference of GFL-VSC is critical to the duration of TOV. Moreover, a method for estimating the maximum magnitude of TOV is presented, which provides an intuitive insight for the TOV phenomenon.
{"title":"Transient Overvoltage Analysis of Grid-Following VSCs during Fault Recovery","authors":"Xinshuo Wang, Heng Wu, Xiongfei Wang","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213608","url":null,"abstract":"Current grid code has explicit requirement on the fault current injection profile of grid-following voltage-source converters (GFL-VSCs), i.e., the output reactive current of GFL-VSC needs to be proportional to voltage- magnitude deviation at the point of connection (PoC) until its current limitation is reached. This article points out that such way of injecting the fault current may result in transient overvoltage (TOV) at the PoC during fault recovery, and the rate of change of current reference of GFL-VSC is critical to the duration of TOV. Moreover, a method for estimating the maximum magnitude of TOV is presented, which provides an intuitive insight for the TOV phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116911955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213520
Youngeun Oh, Jong-Hwan Choi
A dc-link voltage control algorithm is developed using the flux-based torque control method and the flux controller. Using negative dq-axes currents, the DC-link voltage can be controlled regardless of the motor operation state. The power flow of the electric-drive vehicle is modeled, and the voltage controller is analyzed. Due to the copper loss of the motor, the nonlinear function, square, is included in the voltage control loop. Using the linear approximation, the control loop is approximated as a linear system. The variable gain, which depends on the current and dc-link voltage, was derived straightforwardly. The compensation gain is proposed to maintain the performance of the voltage controller regardless of the operating point. The performance is experimentally demonstrated under different operation conditions such as 500rev/min and 1000rev/min.
{"title":"Active Discharging Method of PMSM Using Flux Map-based Torque Control","authors":"Youngeun Oh, Jong-Hwan Choi","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213520","url":null,"abstract":"A dc-link voltage control algorithm is developed using the flux-based torque control method and the flux controller. Using negative dq-axes currents, the DC-link voltage can be controlled regardless of the motor operation state. The power flow of the electric-drive vehicle is modeled, and the voltage controller is analyzed. Due to the copper loss of the motor, the nonlinear function, square, is included in the voltage control loop. Using the linear approximation, the control loop is approximated as a linear system. The variable gain, which depends on the current and dc-link voltage, was derived straightforwardly. The compensation gain is proposed to maintain the performance of the voltage controller regardless of the operating point. The performance is experimentally demonstrated under different operation conditions such as 500rev/min and 1000rev/min.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124048865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213517
Haolin Zheng, X. Pei, C. Brace
This paper studies the single open-circuit failure (OCF) in dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (DT-PMSM) at high load and motor speed for application in transportation that requires wide speed range and torque operation range (TOR). A new control scheme is proposed to achieve minimum loss in full speed range based on the well-established fault-tolerant control strategy minimum loss (ML) and maximum torque (MT). The minimum loss (ML) strategy allows demanded torque at reference speed to be delivered with minimum copper loss. The maximum torque (MT) strategy presents wider torque capability in postfault operation without exceeding current limit, while copper loss within the stator winding is not optimized. However, there is a gap in the permissible TOR of these two strategies. Simple switch of strategies, from ML to MT when the limit of ML's TOR is reached, would result in excessive copper loss, which can potentially be eliminated. The proposed full-torque-operation-range minimum loss (FTOR-ML) in this paper will mitigate the excessive copper loss. The novel FTOR-ML for the DT-PMSM under OCF with both single (1N) and isolated neutral point (2N) has combined the merit of ML and MT where the entire TOR of MT is conserved with minimum copper loss. The analytical solution of FTOR-ML is derived in this paper. The simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed control scheme.
{"title":"Full Torque Operation Range Fault-Tolerant Control with Minimum Copper Loss for Dual Three-Phase PMSM","authors":"Haolin Zheng, X. Pei, C. Brace","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213517","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the single open-circuit failure (OCF) in dual three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (DT-PMSM) at high load and motor speed for application in transportation that requires wide speed range and torque operation range (TOR). A new control scheme is proposed to achieve minimum loss in full speed range based on the well-established fault-tolerant control strategy minimum loss (ML) and maximum torque (MT). The minimum loss (ML) strategy allows demanded torque at reference speed to be delivered with minimum copper loss. The maximum torque (MT) strategy presents wider torque capability in postfault operation without exceeding current limit, while copper loss within the stator winding is not optimized. However, there is a gap in the permissible TOR of these two strategies. Simple switch of strategies, from ML to MT when the limit of ML's TOR is reached, would result in excessive copper loss, which can potentially be eliminated. The proposed full-torque-operation-range minimum loss (FTOR-ML) in this paper will mitigate the excessive copper loss. The novel FTOR-ML for the DT-PMSM under OCF with both single (1N) and isolated neutral point (2N) has combined the merit of ML and MT where the entire TOR of MT is conserved with minimum copper loss. The analytical solution of FTOR-ML is derived in this paper. The simulation results validate the superiority of the proposed control scheme.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124737454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213674
Dong-Uk Kim, Jaehong Lee, Seung-Hwan Lee, Sung-Moon Kim
This paper proposes a high-bandwidth control structure for solid-state-transformers (SSTs). To fabricate a medium-voltage (MV, 25 kVrms) SST, a 42-level AC/DC rectifier and forty-two dual-active-bridge (DAB) converters are required. However, it is challenging to simultaneously control these converters due to synchronization, propagation delay, and complexity. In this paper, an optimized structure for MV high-level SST controller is proposed. An industrial EtherCAT master PC and state-of-the-art micro-control-units (MCUs) TMS320F28388D are employed to fabricate the control environment. Using the serial-peripheral-interface (SPI) and EtherCAT protocols, a 10 kHz bandwidth data communication between controllers was achieved within a 100 μs delay. Based on the fast communication environment, a partially decentralized voltage balance control scheme, which reduces communication data size, is presented. The proposed controller is evaluated with a PLECS simulation model of the 42-level SST system.
{"title":"High-bandwidth Control Structure for Solid-State-Transformers with EtherCAT Protocol","authors":"Dong-Uk Kim, Jaehong Lee, Seung-Hwan Lee, Sung-Moon Kim","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213674","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a high-bandwidth control structure for solid-state-transformers (SSTs). To fabricate a medium-voltage (MV, 25 kVrms) SST, a 42-level AC/DC rectifier and forty-two dual-active-bridge (DAB) converters are required. However, it is challenging to simultaneously control these converters due to synchronization, propagation delay, and complexity. In this paper, an optimized structure for MV high-level SST controller is proposed. An industrial EtherCAT master PC and state-of-the-art micro-control-units (MCUs) TMS320F28388D are employed to fabricate the control environment. Using the serial-peripheral-interface (SPI) and EtherCAT protocols, a 10 kHz bandwidth data communication between controllers was achieved within a 100 μs delay. Based on the fast communication environment, a partially decentralized voltage balance control scheme, which reduces communication data size, is presented. The proposed controller is evaluated with a PLECS simulation model of the 42-level SST system.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124775219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213633
Subhranil Barman, K. Chatterjee
Solar integration with electric vehicle battery chargers, especially wireless chargers, is still at a nascent stage. Topologies involving single stage topologies are desirable due to their improved efficiency and cost metrics. Potential performance benefits of such topologies are yet to be identified, and require analysis. Further, requisite energy balance mechanisms need to be addressed in order to fulfill load power requirements irrespective of the stochastic variations in solar power. Hence, in this paper, a novel topology is presented that integrates a solar array along with a battery storage system in a single stage wireless charging circuit. First, the operational methodology of the overall converter is explained in detail. Thereafter, key design considerations for feasible operation of the proposed topology are described. Finally, simulation results for a 2 kW (peak) 200 V electric vehicle battery charger system is shown to validate the findings, as well as the suitability of the proposed topology.
{"title":"A Quasi Z-Source Inverter Based Single Stage Wireless Charger Integrating Solar Array and Auxiliary Battery","authors":"Subhranil Barman, K. Chatterjee","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213633","url":null,"abstract":"Solar integration with electric vehicle battery chargers, especially wireless chargers, is still at a nascent stage. Topologies involving single stage topologies are desirable due to their improved efficiency and cost metrics. Potential performance benefits of such topologies are yet to be identified, and require analysis. Further, requisite energy balance mechanisms need to be addressed in order to fulfill load power requirements irrespective of the stochastic variations in solar power. Hence, in this paper, a novel topology is presented that integrates a solar array along with a battery storage system in a single stage wireless charging circuit. First, the operational methodology of the overall converter is explained in detail. Thereafter, key design considerations for feasible operation of the proposed topology are described. Finally, simulation results for a 2 kW (peak) 200 V electric vehicle battery charger system is shown to validate the findings, as well as the suitability of the proposed topology.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125085967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213914
Gedeon Rusatira, G. Park, Kyungsoo Lee
To improve the stability of the power grid, this paper proposes a reliable multi-parallel inverter (MPI) system for power-to-gas (P2G) applications. The designed MPI is controlled by a novel virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control strategy to deal with the system inertia reduction and stability problems caused by the high penetration of the renewable sources uncertainties and sudden load variations. The MPI hardware and VSG control strategies have been developed and evaluated in this study. The experimental test results on a commercial MPI are presented in this paper. The performance evaluation has shown outstanding reliability improvement of micro-grid. Furthermore, the control strategy of the developed inverter can imitate the behaviors and properties of the traditional synchronous generators by regulating the voltage magnitude and frequency using active and reactive power adjustment. Finally, this paper evaluates the typical measured results with brief discussions to demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed control method.
{"title":"Development of a Multi-Parallel Inverter with grid-forming capability for a power-to-gas system","authors":"Gedeon Rusatira, G. Park, Kyungsoo Lee","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213914","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the stability of the power grid, this paper proposes a reliable multi-parallel inverter (MPI) system for power-to-gas (P2G) applications. The designed MPI is controlled by a novel virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control strategy to deal with the system inertia reduction and stability problems caused by the high penetration of the renewable sources uncertainties and sudden load variations. The MPI hardware and VSG control strategies have been developed and evaluated in this study. The experimental test results on a commercial MPI are presented in this paper. The performance evaluation has shown outstanding reliability improvement of micro-grid. Furthermore, the control strategy of the developed inverter can imitate the behaviors and properties of the traditional synchronous generators by regulating the voltage magnitude and frequency using active and reactive power adjustment. Finally, this paper evaluates the typical measured results with brief discussions to demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed control method.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129394188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213937
Jeongjun Seo, Jehyun Yi, Sung-Horn Choi, Jung-Ik Ha
Paper proposes a leg-integrated method to extend ZVS(Zero Voltage Switching) range in a PSFB(Phase Shift Full Bridge) converter. The proposed PSFB converter shares all switch legs that implement 3 PSFB converters in 3 switch legs, and all switch legs are integrated legs. Therefore, all switch legs are treated as leading legs, so the leakage inductance less affects the ZVS. Hence, ZVS is possible even if the leakage inductance is significantly reduced in the light load condition. Therefore, duty cycle loss and the secondary voltage spike are reduced, so a voltage spike reduction circuit can be simply designed. In addition, the current cancellation effect occurs in integrated legs, reducing the RMS current, and the output current ripple can also be reduced because it automatically operates interleaved. Based on these characteristics, the proposed method can achieve improving its efficiency not only in light load but also in heavy load. A simulation is conducted to explain the proposed circuit’s effect.
{"title":"Leg Integrated Phase Shift Full Bridge Converter with Extended Zero Voltage Switching Range","authors":"Jeongjun Seo, Jehyun Yi, Sung-Horn Choi, Jung-Ik Ha","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213937","url":null,"abstract":"Paper proposes a leg-integrated method to extend ZVS(Zero Voltage Switching) range in a PSFB(Phase Shift Full Bridge) converter. The proposed PSFB converter shares all switch legs that implement 3 PSFB converters in 3 switch legs, and all switch legs are integrated legs. Therefore, all switch legs are treated as leading legs, so the leakage inductance less affects the ZVS. Hence, ZVS is possible even if the leakage inductance is significantly reduced in the light load condition. Therefore, duty cycle loss and the secondary voltage spike are reduced, so a voltage spike reduction circuit can be simply designed. In addition, the current cancellation effect occurs in integrated legs, reducing the RMS current, and the output current ripple can also be reduced because it automatically operates interleaved. Based on these characteristics, the proposed method can achieve improving its efficiency not only in light load but also in heavy load. A simulation is conducted to explain the proposed circuit’s effect.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129773199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a modulated model predictive current control(MPCC) method is proposed to improve the control performance of the three phase four-switch voltage source inverter(FSVSI)-fed brushless dc motor(BLDCM). The feature of this topology is that phase-A is connected at the midpoint of the dc-link capacitors, which leads to the current in phase-A cannot be controlled directly. Based on the traditional two-phase conduction mode, the proposed method realizes the control of each phase current by modulating four switches separately. First, the operating principles are analyzed in detail. According to whether phase-a participates in conduction or commutation period, the operation modes in one cycle are divided into three types. The equivalent current predictive models are established in the light of different operating modes. Then the duty ratio of each switch is calculated directly according to the optimization function under different modes. Simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Modulated Model Predictive Current Control of Four-Switch Voltage Source Inverter-fed Brushless DC Motor","authors":"Xuliang Yao, Qi Guan, Haifei He, Jingfang Wang, Ruoqi Gao","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213838","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a modulated model predictive current control(MPCC) method is proposed to improve the control performance of the three phase four-switch voltage source inverter(FSVSI)-fed brushless dc motor(BLDCM). The feature of this topology is that phase-A is connected at the midpoint of the dc-link capacitors, which leads to the current in phase-A cannot be controlled directly. Based on the traditional two-phase conduction mode, the proposed method realizes the control of each phase current by modulating four switches separately. First, the operating principles are analyzed in detail. According to whether phase-a participates in conduction or commutation period, the operation modes in one cycle are divided into three types. The equivalent current predictive models are established in the light of different operating modes. Then the duty ratio of each switch is calculated directly according to the optimization function under different modes. Simulation results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129899134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213932
Heather Chang, Nathan Baeckeland, Abhishek Banerjee, Gab-Su Seo
Power systems are transforming with increasing levels of inverter-based resources (IBRs). This transformation requires critical roles of grid-forming (GFM) inverters replacing synchronous generators for bulk power system stabilization and ancillary services, also allowing flexible power system operation, such as microgrid that is operated by multiple GFM IBRs to achieve system resilience against contingencies. To realize the resilient power systems allowing flexible in-and-out operation of GFM IBRs potentially programmed with different primary controls, a synchronization method universally applicable, i.e., independent of control types, would be beneficial to ease the integration process, but it has not been actively studied. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a universal synchronization method that achieves a passive synchronization to enable a smooth transition in a grid with off-nominal system parameters, i.e., voltage and frequency. The logic proposed requires no modification on the primary control, thus applicable to any type of GFMs with a voltage reference input. To validate the concept, a simulation of an IEEE 13-bus benchmark system modified with 3 GFM inverters is presented. It simulates an inverter-driven black start scenario in which GFM inverters autonomously turn on and connect to the grid under heavy loading, using the synchronization logic. The case study demonstrates that GFM inverters can tune their voltage reference to smoothly synchronize without severe transients, and contribute to a seamless black start of the grid under unbalanced load conditions. Two GFM methods—Droop and dispatchable virtual oscillator control—are used for the demo to validate feasibility and interoperability of the passive synchronization.
{"title":"Universal Passive Synchronization Method for Grid-Forming Inverters Without Mode Transition","authors":"Heather Chang, Nathan Baeckeland, Abhishek Banerjee, Gab-Su Seo","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213932","url":null,"abstract":"Power systems are transforming with increasing levels of inverter-based resources (IBRs). This transformation requires critical roles of grid-forming (GFM) inverters replacing synchronous generators for bulk power system stabilization and ancillary services, also allowing flexible power system operation, such as microgrid that is operated by multiple GFM IBRs to achieve system resilience against contingencies. To realize the resilient power systems allowing flexible in-and-out operation of GFM IBRs potentially programmed with different primary controls, a synchronization method universally applicable, i.e., independent of control types, would be beneficial to ease the integration process, but it has not been actively studied. To fill the gap, this paper proposes a universal synchronization method that achieves a passive synchronization to enable a smooth transition in a grid with off-nominal system parameters, i.e., voltage and frequency. The logic proposed requires no modification on the primary control, thus applicable to any type of GFMs with a voltage reference input. To validate the concept, a simulation of an IEEE 13-bus benchmark system modified with 3 GFM inverters is presented. It simulates an inverter-driven black start scenario in which GFM inverters autonomously turn on and connect to the grid under heavy loading, using the synchronization logic. The case study demonstrates that GFM inverters can tune their voltage reference to smoothly synchronize without severe transients, and contribute to a seamless black start of the grid under unbalanced load conditions. Two GFM methods—Droop and dispatchable virtual oscillator control—are used for the demo to validate feasibility and interoperability of the passive synchronization.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128203081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-22DOI: 10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213865
Fabian Sommer, Nikolas Menger, Tobias Merz, N. Soltau, S. Idaka, M. Hiller
To increase the switching frequency in DC/DC converters, soft switching is necessary to limit switching losses. In case of the Dual Active Bridge (DAB), Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) is used to reduce switching losses. Since the ZVS behavior of the DAB depends on multiple parameters, an accurate model is necessary to ensure operation with minimal losses by applying ZVS. This paper presents an accurate capacitance based time domain (CTD) model for the resonant commutation which enables the calculation of the minimal necessary current, the optimal deadtime as well as the voltage error caused by the nonideal commutation. The parasitics and therefore nonideal behavior of the MOSFETs are considered to further increase accuracy. The model can be used for all operating points commonly applied in single (SPS) and triple phase shift (TPS) modulation. Measurement results obtained with a 500 kW DAB prototype proves the high accuracy of the model.
{"title":"Time Domain Modeling of Zero Voltage Switching behavior considering Parasitic Capacitances for a Dual Active Bridge","authors":"Fabian Sommer, Nikolas Menger, Tobias Merz, N. Soltau, S. Idaka, M. Hiller","doi":"10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/ICPE2023-ECCEAsia54778.2023.10213865","url":null,"abstract":"To increase the switching frequency in DC/DC converters, soft switching is necessary to limit switching losses. In case of the Dual Active Bridge (DAB), Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) is used to reduce switching losses. Since the ZVS behavior of the DAB depends on multiple parameters, an accurate model is necessary to ensure operation with minimal losses by applying ZVS. This paper presents an accurate capacitance based time domain (CTD) model for the resonant commutation which enables the calculation of the minimal necessary current, the optimal deadtime as well as the voltage error caused by the nonideal commutation. The parasitics and therefore nonideal behavior of the MOSFETs are considered to further increase accuracy. The model can be used for all operating points commonly applied in single (SPS) and triple phase shift (TPS) modulation. Measurement results obtained with a 500 kW DAB prototype proves the high accuracy of the model.","PeriodicalId":151155,"journal":{"name":"2023 11th International Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE Asia (ICPE 2023 - ECCE Asia)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129318422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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