Lukky Jayadi, Sandry Kesuma, Muhammad Hasan Wattiheluw
The use of hand sanitizers as a protector for the general public has become a lifestyle today. Several types of hand sanitizer preparations can be found in various places. Alcohol is generally used as a microorganism-free material to clean the surface of the hands and clean the skin from various kinds of contamination including fungi. Alcohol in hand sanitizer preparations has various functions including killing fungi, neutralizing various types of microorganisms including fungi. Eucalyptus oil has antifungal properties and is an important component to inhibit the contamination of microorganisms that are harmful to the body such as fungi. This study aims to make an alcohol-based hand sanitizer preparation with a combination of eucalyptus oil extract that can clean the Aspergillus niger fungus. The results of this study, the measurement of pH is indicated by a value of 7 and for the specific gravity test the result is 0.8679 g/ml. The viscosity of the hand sanitizer of eucalyptus oil extract in this study had a value of 4.1 cP. Testing the cleaning power of hand sanitizer preparations with a contact time test of 60 seconds against Aspergillus niger. The results of testing the cleaning power of the Aspergillus niger fungus in hand sanitizer preparations with a contact time test of 60 seconds obtained the cleaning power of the Aspergillus niger fungus of 99.9%. hand sanitizer preparations with a combination of eucalyptus oil extract have very good effectiveness against the fungus Aspergillus niger and have good preparation quality in meeting the pH, specific gravity, and viscosity tests of hand sanitizer preparations.
{"title":"Alcohol-Based Hand Sanitizer Combination of Eucalyptus Oil Extract against Aspergillus Niger Fungus","authors":"Lukky Jayadi, Sandry Kesuma, Muhammad Hasan Wattiheluw","doi":"10.4028/p-8igle9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-8igle9","url":null,"abstract":"The use of hand sanitizers as a protector for the general public has become a lifestyle today. Several types of hand sanitizer preparations can be found in various places. Alcohol is generally used as a microorganism-free material to clean the surface of the hands and clean the skin from various kinds of contamination including fungi. Alcohol in hand sanitizer preparations has various functions including killing fungi, neutralizing various types of microorganisms including fungi. Eucalyptus oil has antifungal properties and is an important component to inhibit the contamination of microorganisms that are harmful to the body such as fungi. This study aims to make an alcohol-based hand sanitizer preparation with a combination of eucalyptus oil extract that can clean the Aspergillus niger fungus. The results of this study, the measurement of pH is indicated by a value of 7 and for the specific gravity test the result is 0.8679 g/ml. The viscosity of the hand sanitizer of eucalyptus oil extract in this study had a value of 4.1 cP. Testing the cleaning power of hand sanitizer preparations with a contact time test of 60 seconds against Aspergillus niger. The results of testing the cleaning power of the Aspergillus niger fungus in hand sanitizer preparations with a contact time test of 60 seconds obtained the cleaning power of the Aspergillus niger fungus of 99.9%. hand sanitizer preparations with a combination of eucalyptus oil extract have very good effectiveness against the fungus Aspergillus niger and have good preparation quality in meeting the pH, specific gravity, and viscosity tests of hand sanitizer preparations.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"42 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pham Thi Viet Huong, Le Duc Thinh, Phung Van Kien, Tran Anh Vu
Lung sound analysis plays an important role in the assessment and diagnosis of respiratory conditions and diseases. It can provide valuable information about the functioning of the respiratory system, including the airways, lungs, and associated structures. By analyzing the characteristics of lung sounds, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the presence of abnormalities, such as airway obstructions, lung diseases, and respiratory infections. In this paper, a multiple channel model for processing and classifying abnormalities in lung sound is proposed, which utilize the characteristics of Mel spectrogram and the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD). Unlike previous research which directly convert the lung sound into scalogram or spectrogram, the pre-processing of the original audio signal is considered and focused in this paper. This pre-processing step includes denoising, resampling, padding and augmentation, which incredibly increase the quality of the input signal. Finally, the multiple channel is put into the VGG16 deep learning model to classify the abnormalities in lung sound, including wheezes, crackles, and both. The model is trained and tested on the benchmark ICBHI dataset. The proposed model has shown better performance when compared with the state-of-the-art researches.
{"title":"Multiple Channels Model Based on Mel Spectrogram for Classifying Abnormalities in Lung Sound","authors":"Pham Thi Viet Huong, Le Duc Thinh, Phung Van Kien, Tran Anh Vu","doi":"10.4028/p-21pucq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-21pucq","url":null,"abstract":"Lung sound analysis plays an important role in the assessment and diagnosis of respiratory conditions and diseases. It can provide valuable information about the functioning of the respiratory system, including the airways, lungs, and associated structures. By analyzing the characteristics of lung sounds, healthcare professionals can gain insights into the presence of abnormalities, such as airway obstructions, lung diseases, and respiratory infections. In this paper, a multiple channel model for processing and classifying abnormalities in lung sound is proposed, which utilize the characteristics of Mel spectrogram and the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD). Unlike previous research which directly convert the lung sound into scalogram or spectrogram, the pre-processing of the original audio signal is considered and focused in this paper. This pre-processing step includes denoising, resampling, padding and augmentation, which incredibly increase the quality of the input signal. Finally, the multiple channel is put into the VGG16 deep learning model to classify the abnormalities in lung sound, including wheezes, crackles, and both. The model is trained and tested on the benchmark ICBHI dataset. The proposed model has shown better performance when compared with the state-of-the-art researches.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"40 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatoni Udaneni, Muchfi Azizah, Dewanto Harjunowibowo, Mohammad Alauhdin, Peni Indrayudha, Yulianto Agung Rezeki
Nanoparticles have emerged as promising tools for cancer treatment due to their ability to selectively deliver drugs to the tumor site while avoiding significant systemic side effects. Chitosan nanoparticles, among various types of nanoparticles, have gained significant attention due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and local drug delivery capacity. The electrospray technique is an efficient method for preparing chitosan nanoparticles, offering reproducibility, scalability, and high drug encapsulation efficiency. This technique has gained popularity due to its ease of use and flexibility in meeting various demands of nanoparticle production. Recent studies have investigated the potential of chitosan nanoparticles prepared by electrospray technique to encapsulate a range of drugs. The method leverages active surface absorption, binding, or complexation with drugs. For example, chitosan-based nanoparticles loaded with DOX and QUE achieved high encapsulation efficiency of 83% and effectively inhibited the growth of HCT-116 cancer cells. Similarly, SNP-CH-DOX-CM nanoparticles showed significant anti-cancer activity against HepG2 tumors. However, it should be noted that the toxicity of nanoparticles is directly related to the concentration of the active substance. Therefore, careful optimization of drug dosing is necessary to minimize any potential toxicity.
{"title":"Electrosprayed Chitosan Nanoparticles for Drug Carriers in Cancer Treatment - A Mini Review","authors":"Fatoni Udaneni, Muchfi Azizah, Dewanto Harjunowibowo, Mohammad Alauhdin, Peni Indrayudha, Yulianto Agung Rezeki","doi":"10.4028/p-3p3di4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-3p3di4","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoparticles have emerged as promising tools for cancer treatment due to their ability to selectively deliver drugs to the tumor site while avoiding significant systemic side effects. Chitosan nanoparticles, among various types of nanoparticles, have gained significant attention due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and local drug delivery capacity. The electrospray technique is an efficient method for preparing chitosan nanoparticles, offering reproducibility, scalability, and high drug encapsulation efficiency. This technique has gained popularity due to its ease of use and flexibility in meeting various demands of nanoparticle production. Recent studies have investigated the potential of chitosan nanoparticles prepared by electrospray technique to encapsulate a range of drugs. The method leverages active surface absorption, binding, or complexation with drugs. For example, chitosan-based nanoparticles loaded with DOX and QUE achieved high encapsulation efficiency of 83% and effectively inhibited the growth of HCT-116 cancer cells. Similarly, SNP-CH-DOX-CM nanoparticles showed significant anti-cancer activity against HepG2 tumors. However, it should be noted that the toxicity of nanoparticles is directly related to the concentration of the active substance. Therefore, careful optimization of drug dosing is necessary to minimize any potential toxicity.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to study the kinetics of kaffir lime peel essential oil extraction using microwave assisted hydrodistillation. Extraction was carried out at various powers and the ratios of material to solvent for 1 hour. Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane solvent was also carried out to determine the yield of essential oil. The extraction kinetics was investigated using a mass transfer-controlled approach and expressed by the 1st and 2nd order of reaction rate. The Soxhlet extraction results indicated that the yield of kaffir lime peel essential oil was 5.65% w/w. The higher the microwave power being applied (180, 300, 450, and 600 Watt), the higher the essential oil yielded (2.2; 2.8; 3; and 3.8% w/w), respectively, but at 800 Watt, the yield decreased (3.2% w/w). The smaller the ratio of material to solvent, which means more diluted, the lower the yield of oil were, namely from 4.56; 3.9; and 3.8% w/w, at ratios of material to solvent 1:3, 1:3.5, and 1:4 w/v. Different results were obtained at a ratio of 1:3 (4.56% w/w) which produced a yield greater than the ratio of 1:1.25 (2.88% w/w). Therefore, the optimum conditions for extracting kaffir lime peel essential oil were at 600 Watt and a ratio of material to solvent 1:3 w/w for 56 minutes with a yield of 4.58% and a density of 0.86 g/cm 3 . The kinetics of the 2nd order of homogeneous model better represented results of the experiments with extraction rate constants at 180, 300, 450, 600, and 800 Watt of 14.89; 14.95; 15.53; 21.32; and 19.85 L.g -1 .min -1 . While the extraction rate constants at the material to solvent ratio of 1:2.5; 1:3; 1:3.5; and 1:4 w/v of 17.38; 19.80; 22.09; and 32.31 L.g -1 .min -1 . The extraction capacity was also affected by the power and the ratio of material to solvent, the extraction capacity were 0.0095; 0.0100; 0.0104; 0.0125; and 0.0106 g.L -1 , at 180, 300, 450, 600, and 800 Watt respectively, and 0.0094; 0.0134; 0.0134; and 0.0118 g.L -1 , at material to solvent ratio of 1:2.5; 1:3; 1:3,5; and 1:4 w/v respectively.
研究了微波辅助加氢蒸馏法提取青柠皮精油的动力学过程。在不同的功率和物质与溶剂的比例下提取1小时。采用正己烷溶剂索氏萃取法测定精油得率。采用传质控制方法研究了萃取动力学，用一级和二级反应速率表示萃取动力学。索氏提取结果表明，青柠皮精油得率为5.65% w/w。微波功率越高(180w、300w、450w、600w)，精油产量越高(2.2;2.8;3;和3.8% w/w)，但在800 w时，产率下降(3.2% w/w)。料溶剂比越小，即越稀释，油得率越低，即从4.56;3.9;和3.8% w/w，材料与溶剂的比例为1:3,1:3.5和1:4 w/v。在比例为1:3 (4.56% w/w)时，产率高于比例为1:25 (2.88% w/w)时的产率。因此，提取青柠皮精油的最佳工艺条件为:功率为600瓦，料液比为1:3 w/w，提取时间为56分钟，得率为4.58%，提取密度为0.86 g/ cm3。在180、300、450、600和800瓦萃取速率常数为14.89时，二阶均相模型的动力学较好地反映了实验结果;14.95;15.53;21.32;19.85 l g -1 .min -1。料液比为1:25 .5时的萃取速率常数;1:3;1:3.5;1:4 w/v = 17.38;19.80;22.09;32.31 l g -1 .min -1。萃取量也受萃取功率和料液比的影响，萃取量为0.0095;0.0100;0.0104;0.0125;0.0106 g。L -1分别为180、300、450、600和800瓦，0.0094;0.0134;0.0134;0.0118 g。L -1，料溶剂比1:25;1:3;1:3, 5;和1:4 w/v。
{"title":"Kinetics of Essential Oil Extraction of Kaffir Lime Peel Using Microwave Assisted Hydrodistillation","authors":"Megawati Megawati, Bayu Triwibowo, Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy Bahlawan, Junaidah Jai, Pradipta Sadewa, Yuni Parastuti","doi":"10.4028/p-w3tmca","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-w3tmca","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to study the kinetics of kaffir lime peel essential oil extraction using microwave assisted hydrodistillation. Extraction was carried out at various powers and the ratios of material to solvent for 1 hour. Soxhlet extraction using n-hexane solvent was also carried out to determine the yield of essential oil. The extraction kinetics was investigated using a mass transfer-controlled approach and expressed by the 1st and 2nd order of reaction rate. The Soxhlet extraction results indicated that the yield of kaffir lime peel essential oil was 5.65% w/w. The higher the microwave power being applied (180, 300, 450, and 600 Watt), the higher the essential oil yielded (2.2; 2.8; 3; and 3.8% w/w), respectively, but at 800 Watt, the yield decreased (3.2% w/w). The smaller the ratio of material to solvent, which means more diluted, the lower the yield of oil were, namely from 4.56; 3.9; and 3.8% w/w, at ratios of material to solvent 1:3, 1:3.5, and 1:4 w/v. Different results were obtained at a ratio of 1:3 (4.56% w/w) which produced a yield greater than the ratio of 1:1.25 (2.88% w/w). Therefore, the optimum conditions for extracting kaffir lime peel essential oil were at 600 Watt and a ratio of material to solvent 1:3 w/w for 56 minutes with a yield of 4.58% and a density of 0.86 g/cm 3 . The kinetics of the 2nd order of homogeneous model better represented results of the experiments with extraction rate constants at 180, 300, 450, 600, and 800 Watt of 14.89; 14.95; 15.53; 21.32; and 19.85 L.g -1 .min -1 . While the extraction rate constants at the material to solvent ratio of 1:2.5; 1:3; 1:3.5; and 1:4 w/v of 17.38; 19.80; 22.09; and 32.31 L.g -1 .min -1 . The extraction capacity was also affected by the power and the ratio of material to solvent, the extraction capacity were 0.0095; 0.0100; 0.0104; 0.0125; and 0.0106 g.L -1 , at 180, 300, 450, 600, and 800 Watt respectively, and 0.0094; 0.0134; 0.0134; and 0.0118 g.L -1 , at material to solvent ratio of 1:2.5; 1:3; 1:3,5; and 1:4 w/v respectively.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"41 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuzulul Anggi Rizki, Mohammad Masykuri, Retno Rosariastuti
Ammonia is a poisonous compound that can harm fish. Fish feed and manure are the primary sources of ammonia in catfish farming ponds. High concentrations of ammonia can cause death. Therefore, it is necessary to control the presence of ammonia to minimize the potential for fish mortality. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a technology that can help with ammonia bioremediation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) in reducing ammonia. The research method used is an experimental research method with qualitative descriptive analysis. The research was conducted on a laboratory scale using a dual-chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) reactor connected using a salt bridge. This research was conducted with variations in the use of sticky media, including without media, with bioball, and with bioring media. The results showed that the percentage of ammonia reduction in each treatment was 94.52%, 98.09%, and 99.28%. From this research, it can be concluded that Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) are effective in reducing ammonia.
{"title":"Application of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) for Bioremediation of Ammonia","authors":"Nuzulul Anggi Rizki, Mohammad Masykuri, Retno Rosariastuti","doi":"10.4028/p-2jima9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2jima9","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonia is a poisonous compound that can harm fish. Fish feed and manure are the primary sources of ammonia in catfish farming ponds. High concentrations of ammonia can cause death. Therefore, it is necessary to control the presence of ammonia to minimize the potential for fish mortality. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a technology that can help with ammonia bioremediation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) in reducing ammonia. The research method used is an experimental research method with qualitative descriptive analysis. The research was conducted on a laboratory scale using a dual-chamber Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) reactor connected using a salt bridge. This research was conducted with variations in the use of sticky media, including without media, with bioball, and with bioring media. The results showed that the percentage of ammonia reduction in each treatment was 94.52%, 98.09%, and 99.28%. From this research, it can be concluded that Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) are effective in reducing ammonia.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"39 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135273708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mona Sari, Anisha Ashilawati, Laila Khoir, Reny Wahyuningsih, Yusril Yusuf
Carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), with a chemical composition close to the mineral found in human bone, represented higher solubility than stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA). Therefore, the B-type CHA is commonly used for bone tissue engineering. This study fabricated B-type CHA using Indonesian eggshells from chicken, organic chicken, and duck because of the high calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) content (94%). A co-precipitation method was used for synthesizing CHA. The physicochemical properties of the CHA were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on FTIR results for CHA, the stretching functional groups of B-type CO 3 were detected at 1452-1453 cm -1 , 1417-1418 cm -1, and 873-874 cm -1 , which indicated the formation of B-type CHA. Meanwhile, CHA from organic chicken eggshells had low crystalline properties and the best morphology due to a more homogeneous and uniform agglomeration. More specifically, CHA based on organic chicken eggshells has a Ca/P molar ratio following natural human bone, which is 1.71. Therefore, all B-type CHA samples are candidates in bioceramic materials for bone tissue engineering applications.
碳化羟基磷灰石(CHA)的化学成分与人类骨骼中的矿物质接近，其溶解度高于化学计量羟基磷灰石(HA)。因此，b型CHA被广泛用于骨组织工程。本研究利用印尼鸡肉、有机鸡肉和鸭蛋壳制备b型维生素a，因为它们的碳酸钙(caco3)含量高(94%)。采用共沉淀法合成了CHA。利用扫描电子显微镜、x射线能谱仪(SEM-EDS)、x射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)表征了CHA的物理化学性质。根据CHA的FTIR结果，在1452 ~ 1453 cm -1、1417 ~ 1418 cm -1和873 ~ 874 cm -1处检测到b型CO 3的拉伸官能团，表明b型CHA的形成。同时，有机鸡蛋壳的CHA结晶性能较低，结块更加均匀，形貌最佳。更具体地说，基于有机鸡蛋壳的CHA与天然人骨的Ca/P摩尔比为1.71。因此，所有b型CHA样品都是骨组织工程应用的生物陶瓷材料的候选材料。
{"title":"Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Extracted from Indonesian’s Eggshell Biogenic Wastes as Bioceramic Materials","authors":"Mona Sari, Anisha Ashilawati, Laila Khoir, Reny Wahyuningsih, Yusril Yusuf","doi":"10.4028/p-xp22cc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-xp22cc","url":null,"abstract":"Carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), with a chemical composition close to the mineral found in human bone, represented higher solubility than stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA). Therefore, the B-type CHA is commonly used for bone tissue engineering. This study fabricated B-type CHA using Indonesian eggshells from chicken, organic chicken, and duck because of the high calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) content (94%). A co-precipitation method was used for synthesizing CHA. The physicochemical properties of the CHA were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on FTIR results for CHA, the stretching functional groups of B-type CO 3 were detected at 1452-1453 cm -1 , 1417-1418 cm -1, and 873-874 cm -1 , which indicated the formation of B-type CHA. Meanwhile, CHA from organic chicken eggshells had low crystalline properties and the best morphology due to a more homogeneous and uniform agglomeration. More specifically, CHA based on organic chicken eggshells has a Ca/P molar ratio following natural human bone, which is 1.71. Therefore, all B-type CHA samples are candidates in bioceramic materials for bone tissue engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"25 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Hizbul Wathon, Endang Susilowati, Sri Retno Dwi Ariani
Anthocyanins exhibit exciting colours in plants. Java plum fruit (Syzygium cumini) is considered a non-conventional and rarely consumed fruit with high levels of anthocyanins. This study was conducted to extract, purify, and characterise anthocyanins from dried Java plum fruits. The stability of anthocyanins was also studied. Anthocyanins in this study were extracted from dried Java plum fruits using acidified water (0.01% HCl, v/v) as a sustainable solvent. The crude extracts were loaded into a solid phase extraction (SPE) column packed with Amberlite-XAD-7HP with sequential elution. The ethanol solution was then analysed and characterised using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) to confirm the anthocyanins profiles present in the extracts; Anthocyanins extracted from Java plum fruits were identified as cyanidin-3-O-glucoside ([M+] m/z of 449.3), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside ([M+] m/z of 465.3), and petunidin-3-O-glucoside ([M+] m/z of 479.3). Total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC) was 0.13 mg/mL (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside eq.). Anthocyanins show various colours depending on the pH of the solution. Anthocyanins are stable at acidic pH and start degrading at neutral to alkaline pH. The suggested application of highly coloured anthocyanins extracted from dried Java plum is as natural colorants in foods, beverages, textiles, cosmetics etc.
花青素在植物中呈现出令人兴奋的颜色。爪哇李果(Syzygium cumini)被认为是一种非传统的、很少食用的水果，含有高水平的花青素。本文对爪哇梅干中花青素的提取、纯化和性质进行了研究。并对花青素的稳定性进行了研究。本研究采用酸化水(0.01% HCl, v/v)作为可持续溶剂，从爪哇李果干中提取花青素。将粗提物装入装有Amberlite-XAD-7HP的固相萃取(SPE)柱中进行顺序洗脱。然后使用紫外可见分光光度法和液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS)对乙醇溶液进行分析和表征，以确认提取物中存在的花青素谱;从爪哇李果实中提取的花青素分别为花青素-3- o -葡萄糖苷([M+] M /z = 449.3)、飞飞蓟苷-3- o -葡萄糖苷([M+] M /z = 465.3)和矮马齿苋-3- o -葡萄糖苷([M+] M /z = 479.3)。总单体花青素含量(TMAC)为0.13 mg/mL(花青素-3- o -糖苷eq.)。花青素根据溶液的pH值呈现出不同的颜色。花青素在酸性pH值下是稳定的，在中性到碱性pH值下开始降解。从干爪哇梅中提取的高度着色的花青素建议作为天然着色剂应用于食品、饮料、纺织品、化妆品等。
{"title":"Anthocyanins from Java Plum Fruits (<i>Syzygium cumini</i>) and Their Stability in Various pHs","authors":"Muhammad Hizbul Wathon, Endang Susilowati, Sri Retno Dwi Ariani","doi":"10.4028/p-2wmfyn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-2wmfyn","url":null,"abstract":"Anthocyanins exhibit exciting colours in plants. Java plum fruit (Syzygium cumini) is considered a non-conventional and rarely consumed fruit with high levels of anthocyanins. This study was conducted to extract, purify, and characterise anthocyanins from dried Java plum fruits. The stability of anthocyanins was also studied. Anthocyanins in this study were extracted from dried Java plum fruits using acidified water (0.01% HCl, v/v) as a sustainable solvent. The crude extracts were loaded into a solid phase extraction (SPE) column packed with Amberlite-XAD-7HP with sequential elution. The ethanol solution was then analysed and characterised using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) to confirm the anthocyanins profiles present in the extracts; Anthocyanins extracted from Java plum fruits were identified as cyanidin-3-O-glucoside ([M+] m/z of 449.3), delphinidin-3-O-glucoside ([M+] m/z of 465.3), and petunidin-3-O-glucoside ([M+] m/z of 479.3). Total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC) was 0.13 mg/mL (cyanidin-3-O-glucoside eq.). Anthocyanins show various colours depending on the pH of the solution. Anthocyanins are stable at acidic pH and start degrading at neutral to alkaline pH. The suggested application of highly coloured anthocyanins extracted from dried Java plum is as natural colorants in foods, beverages, textiles, cosmetics etc.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"C-19 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135273103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cherry tomatoes have many health benefits and have high economic value. However, cherry tomatoes are perishable and short lived. To protect and maintain the quality of cherry tomatoes, you can apply an edible coating. The materials used in this study were jackfruit seed starch, alginate, and ZnO nanoparticles. This study aims to determine the effect of edible coating on jackfruit seed starch and alginate incorporating ZnO nanoparticles applied to cherry tomatoes in terms of antibacterial activity and shelf life. Variations in the treatment in this study were edible coating materials for jackfruit seed starch and alginate, and the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%). Antibacterial activity was analyzed against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The results showed that the edible coating of jackfruit seed starch with 10% and 15% ZnO nanoparticles incorporation was able to form an inhibition zone against E. coli bacteria, while the 5%, 10%, and 15% ZnO nanoparticle variations were able to form an inhibition zone against S bacteria. aureus. In edible coating alginate with 15% ZnO nanoparticles incorporation was able to form an inhibition zone against E. coli bacteria, whereas in all variations of ZnO nanoparticles it was able to form an inhibition zone against S. aureus bacteria. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles proved the formation of a larger bacterial inhibition zone compared to edible coatings without ZnO nanoparticles. The results also showed that cherry tomatoes coated with an edible coating of jackfruit seed starch and alginate with a variation of ZnO nanoparticles had a longer shelf life compared to cherry tomatoes that were not coated with an edible coating.
{"title":"Antibacterial Activity Edible Coating of Jackfruit Seed Starch and Alginate Incorporated with ZnO Nanoparticles Applied to Cherry Tomatoes","authors":"Lina Mahardiani, Nila Riyaz Saputri","doi":"10.4028/p-rqj5th","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-rqj5th","url":null,"abstract":"Cherry tomatoes have many health benefits and have high economic value. However, cherry tomatoes are perishable and short lived. To protect and maintain the quality of cherry tomatoes, you can apply an edible coating. The materials used in this study were jackfruit seed starch, alginate, and ZnO nanoparticles. This study aims to determine the effect of edible coating on jackfruit seed starch and alginate incorporating ZnO nanoparticles applied to cherry tomatoes in terms of antibacterial activity and shelf life. Variations in the treatment in this study were edible coating materials for jackfruit seed starch and alginate, and the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles (0%; 5%; 10%; 15%). Antibacterial activity was analyzed against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The results showed that the edible coating of jackfruit seed starch with 10% and 15% ZnO nanoparticles incorporation was able to form an inhibition zone against E. coli bacteria, while the 5%, 10%, and 15% ZnO nanoparticle variations were able to form an inhibition zone against S bacteria. aureus. In edible coating alginate with 15% ZnO nanoparticles incorporation was able to form an inhibition zone against E. coli bacteria, whereas in all variations of ZnO nanoparticles it was able to form an inhibition zone against S. aureus bacteria. The addition of ZnO nanoparticles proved the formation of a larger bacterial inhibition zone compared to edible coatings without ZnO nanoparticles. The results also showed that cherry tomatoes coated with an edible coating of jackfruit seed starch and alginate with a variation of ZnO nanoparticles had a longer shelf life compared to cherry tomatoes that were not coated with an edible coating.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135273117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Vol. 62","authors":"A. Shidiq, Steven Y. Liang, M. Kaloop","doi":"10.4028/b-l1hbsy","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/b-l1hbsy","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aligned calcium phosphate nanorods embedded in gelatin nanofibers were fabricated to be applied as a coating material on the Ti bone implant using the conventional electrospinning method. Calcium phosphate nanorods with a strong positively charged surface were prepared by modifying with alanine (alanine/HA) to facilitate the arrangement of nanoparticles under the electric field in the electrospinning process, followed by mild hydrothermal treatment to preserve the structure of fibers. Scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and transmission electron microscope measurements confirmed that the composite fibers were smooth without the presence of particles on the surface and alanine/HA was aligned within the fiber. The tensile strength of the prepared scaffolds was identical to that of the cancellous bone (2 to 12 MPa). According to MTT assay, the scaffold coated Ti showed a significant improvement on cell adhesion and biocompatibility compared to uncoated Ti.
{"title":"Fabrication of Aligned Alanine Functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanorods Embedded in Electrospun Gelatin Scaffolds as a Coating Material for Titanium Bone Implant Application","authors":"Nitiporn Thongnasan, Chomdao Sinthuvanich, Khrongkhwan Akkarachaneeyakorn","doi":"10.4028/p-k7y4hz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-k7y4hz","url":null,"abstract":"Aligned calcium phosphate nanorods embedded in gelatin nanofibers were fabricated to be applied as a coating material on the Ti bone implant using the conventional electrospinning method. Calcium phosphate nanorods with a strong positively charged surface were prepared by modifying with alanine (alanine/HA) to facilitate the arrangement of nanoparticles under the electric field in the electrospinning process, followed by mild hydrothermal treatment to preserve the structure of fibers. Scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and transmission electron microscope measurements confirmed that the composite fibers were smooth without the presence of particles on the surface and alanine/HA was aligned within the fiber. The tensile strength of the prepared scaffolds was identical to that of the cancellous bone (2 to 12 MPa). According to MTT assay, the scaffold coated Ti showed a significant improvement on cell adhesion and biocompatibility compared to uncoated Ti.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"50 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135267285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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