Kornkanok Khlongwanitchakul, N. Anuwongnukroh, S. Dechkunakorn, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, W. Wichai, R. Srisatjaluk
Objectives . This study aimed to evaluate antibacterial activity of elastomeric ligatures coated with Zinc oxide particles against Streptococcus mutans. Methods. ZnO particles grafted with (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS) were prepared in situ. The ATR-FTIR spectrum was used to analyze the APTMS grafted on ZnO surfaces. Two concentrations of ZnO-APTMS, i.e., 5 and 10 wt%, were coated on orthodontic elastomeric ligatures by the dip coating method. Antibacterial property of the ZnO-APTMS coated elastomeric ligatures against S. mutans ATCC25175 were investigated by the agar diffusion test. The effect of ligature aging on antibacterial property was evaluated by the direct contact test, in which the growth of bacteria was determined by the turbidity after exposed to the samples that had been immersed in distilled water for 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 days. The drop plate test was also performed to determine the inhibitory and the bactericidal effects. Results. The analysis of ATR-FTIR spectrum confirmed that APTMS was successfully grafted on ZnO surfaces. The agar diffusion test could not demonstrate the antimicrobial effects of the ZnO-coated elastomeric ligatures. However, results from the direct contact and the drop plate tests showed the inhibitory effects on bacterial growth compared to the positive controls (p < 0.05). The inhibitory effect of the ZnO-coated elastomeric ligatures was observed even after they had been immersed in distilled water for 28 days. Conclusions. The surface coating elastomeric ligatures with 5 and 10 wt% ZnO-APTMS exhibited antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria, S. mutans. The bacterial inhibitory effect was prolonged until 28-day.
{"title":"Antibacterial Effect of Experimental Orthodontic Elastomeric Ligature Coated with Zinc Oxide Particles","authors":"Kornkanok Khlongwanitchakul, N. Anuwongnukroh, S. Dechkunakorn, Parichart Naruphontjirakul, W. Wichai, R. Srisatjaluk","doi":"10.4028/p-QCM4oh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-QCM4oh","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives . This study aimed to evaluate antibacterial activity of elastomeric ligatures coated with Zinc oxide particles against Streptococcus mutans. Methods. ZnO particles grafted with (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (APTMS) were prepared in situ. The ATR-FTIR spectrum was used to analyze the APTMS grafted on ZnO surfaces. Two concentrations of ZnO-APTMS, i.e., 5 and 10 wt%, were coated on orthodontic elastomeric ligatures by the dip coating method. Antibacterial property of the ZnO-APTMS coated elastomeric ligatures against S. mutans ATCC25175 were investigated by the agar diffusion test. The effect of ligature aging on antibacterial property was evaluated by the direct contact test, in which the growth of bacteria was determined by the turbidity after exposed to the samples that had been immersed in distilled water for 0, 3, 7, 14, 28 days. The drop plate test was also performed to determine the inhibitory and the bactericidal effects. Results. The analysis of ATR-FTIR spectrum confirmed that APTMS was successfully grafted on ZnO surfaces. The agar diffusion test could not demonstrate the antimicrobial effects of the ZnO-coated elastomeric ligatures. However, results from the direct contact and the drop plate tests showed the inhibitory effects on bacterial growth compared to the positive controls (p < 0.05). The inhibitory effect of the ZnO-coated elastomeric ligatures was observed even after they had been immersed in distilled water for 28 days. Conclusions. The surface coating elastomeric ligatures with 5 and 10 wt% ZnO-APTMS exhibited antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria, S. mutans. The bacterial inhibitory effect was prolonged until 28-day.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48815698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Catharanthus roseus plant was extracted and converted to nanoparticles in this work. The Soxhlet method was used to extract alkaloid compounds from the Catharanthus roseus plant and converted them to the nanoscale. Chitosan polymer was used as a linking material and converted to Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs). The extracted alkaloids were linked with Chitosan nanoparticles by maleic anhydride to get the final product (CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids). The pure Chitosan, Chitosan nanoparticles, and CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. X-ray results show that all samples have an orthorhombic structure with crystallite size in nanodimensions. FTIR spectra prove that the P=O is the cross-linkage between chitosan and phosphate groups by ionic bond, which indicate that the Chitosan nanoparticle has been formed in the solution. FTIR spectrum for CSNPs - Linker - alkaloids appear a new distinct band at 1708.93 cm-1 which demonstrates the presence of C = O esterification. Atomic Force Microscope images of the Chitosan nanoparticles and CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids show that they have almost spherical shapes with average sizes of 90 and 92.6 nm respectively. The electroactive surface area of glassy carbon electrodes (GCE), extract plant, and Linker-alkaloids were calculated in KCl solution containing K3[Fe (CN)6]. The presence of CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids in modified glassy carbon electrodes about 3 times. The successful synthesis of organic nanoparticles from the Catharanthus roseus plant can be used safely in biosensors, environmental monitoring, and biomedical applications.
{"title":"Investigating the Electrochemical Properties of Alkaloids Compound Derived from Catharanthus Roseus Extract","authors":"Marwah Al-Azzawi, W. R. Saleh","doi":"10.4028/p-yBmV9q","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-yBmV9q","url":null,"abstract":"The Catharanthus roseus plant was extracted and converted to nanoparticles in this work. The Soxhlet method was used to extract alkaloid compounds from the Catharanthus roseus plant and converted them to the nanoscale. Chitosan polymer was used as a linking material and converted to Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs). The extracted alkaloids were linked with Chitosan nanoparticles by maleic anhydride to get the final product (CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids). The pure Chitosan, Chitosan nanoparticles, and CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. X-ray results show that all samples have an orthorhombic structure with crystallite size in nanodimensions. FTIR spectra prove that the P=O is the cross-linkage between chitosan and phosphate groups by ionic bond, which indicate that the Chitosan nanoparticle has been formed in the solution. FTIR spectrum for CSNPs - Linker - alkaloids appear a new distinct band at 1708.93 cm-1 which demonstrates the presence of C = O esterification. Atomic Force Microscope images of the Chitosan nanoparticles and CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids show that they have almost spherical shapes with average sizes of 90 and 92.6 nm respectively. The electroactive surface area of glassy carbon electrodes (GCE), extract plant, and Linker-alkaloids were calculated in KCl solution containing K3[Fe (CN)6]. The presence of CSNPs-Linker-alkaloids in modified glassy carbon electrodes about 3 times. The successful synthesis of organic nanoparticles from the Catharanthus roseus plant can be used safely in biosensors, environmental monitoring, and biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43734108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. O. Sadiq, I. Sudin, Ahmed Alsakkaf, J. Idris, N. A. Fadil
Magnesium (Mg) alloys are promising biodegradable implant materials. If successful, they do not require second surgical operation for their removal. However, the focus of this study is to address the limitation of fast degradation rate (DR) which hinders the clinical application of Mg alloys. The bio-corrosion rate of any intermetallic alloy is related to its beta (β) phase volume fraction. Thus, homogenization heat treatment (HHT) was carried out to reduce the β phase. The influence of β phase and the hydroxyapatite powders (HAp) was employed to slow down the initial DR of Mg AZ91 alloy. Samples were cut from Mg grade AZ91 alloy ingot in 10mm x 10mm x 3mm dimension. The samples were prepared and divided into two; the first part was classified as as-received sample (sample a) while the second one was processed for HHT. HHT was carried out at 410°C/10h, cooled inside the furnace and named as homogenized sample (sample b). The HAp was synthesized using a simple wet chemical precipitation technique (SWCPT) and deposited on sample b via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) at different voltages with different deposition times. The HAp, uncoated and coated samples were characterized. Potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and immersion tests were carried out in stimulated body fluid (SBF) to estimate the DR and in vitro bioactivity of Mg AZ91 respectively. The results revealed a significant drop in DR from sample a (1.421 mm per year) to coated sample h (3.73 x 10-4 mm per year). Keywords: Magnesium alloy, biodegradable implants, beta phase, homogenization heat treatment, hydroxyapatite, electrophoretic deposition.
{"title":"Electrophoretic Deposition of Nanohydroxyapatite on Homogenized Magnesium Based Alloy for Biomedical Applications","authors":"T. O. Sadiq, I. Sudin, Ahmed Alsakkaf, J. Idris, N. A. Fadil","doi":"10.4028/p-CU9Y6h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-CU9Y6h","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium (Mg) alloys are promising biodegradable implant materials. If successful, they do not require second surgical operation for their removal. However, the focus of this study is to address the limitation of fast degradation rate (DR) which hinders the clinical application of Mg alloys. The bio-corrosion rate of any intermetallic alloy is related to its beta (β) phase volume fraction. Thus, homogenization heat treatment (HHT) was carried out to reduce the β phase. The influence of β phase and the hydroxyapatite powders (HAp) was employed to slow down the initial DR of Mg AZ91 alloy. Samples were cut from Mg grade AZ91 alloy ingot in 10mm x 10mm x 3mm dimension. The samples were prepared and divided into two; the first part was classified as as-received sample (sample a) while the second one was processed for HHT. HHT was carried out at 410°C/10h, cooled inside the furnace and named as homogenized sample (sample b). The HAp was synthesized using a simple wet chemical precipitation technique (SWCPT) and deposited on sample b via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) at different voltages with different deposition times. The HAp, uncoated and coated samples were characterized. Potentiodynamic polarization (PP) and immersion tests were carried out in stimulated body fluid (SBF) to estimate the DR and in vitro bioactivity of Mg AZ91 respectively. The results revealed a significant drop in DR from sample a (1.421 mm per year) to coated sample h (3.73 x 10-4 mm per year). Keywords: Magnesium alloy, biodegradable implants, beta phase, homogenization heat treatment, hydroxyapatite, electrophoretic deposition.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43189866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new method for premature ventricular contraction (PVC) detection and classification is presented. The proposed algorithm is constituted of two principal phases: the features extraction and reduction phase and the optimized classification phase. In the first phase, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) are applied on each ECG beat to generate an augmented features vector. For the optimized classification phase, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network classifier is trained and optimized by the bat algorithm. For the aim of performances evaluation of the proposed method, the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database has been used. Consequently, the BAT-RBF classifier yielded an overall sensitivity of 95,2% and an accuracy of 98,2%, confirming clearly the competitiveness of the proposed method compared to some recent and powerful algorithms.
{"title":"Premature Ventricular Contraction (PVC) Recognition Using DCT-CWT Based Discriminant and Optimized RBF Neural Network","authors":"A. Harkat, R. Benzid","doi":"10.4028/p-6yc34j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-6yc34j","url":null,"abstract":"A new method for premature ventricular contraction (PVC) detection and classification is presented. The proposed algorithm is constituted of two principal phases: the features extraction and reduction phase and the optimized classification phase. In the first phase, the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) are applied on each ECG beat to generate an augmented features vector. For the optimized classification phase, the radial basis function (RBF) neural network classifier is trained and optimized by the bat algorithm. For the aim of performances evaluation of the proposed method, the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database has been used. Consequently, the BAT-RBF classifier yielded an overall sensitivity of 95,2% and an accuracy of 98,2%, confirming clearly the competitiveness of the proposed method compared to some recent and powerful algorithms.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47556535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clarence Rubaka, J. Gathirwa, H. Malebo, H. Swai, A. Hilonga
The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a delivery system for polyphenols from an extract of Carissa spinarum leaves, based on liposomes. Liposomes loaded with Carissa spinarum polyphenols (nanoliposomal CsP) were prepared by ethanol-solvent injection method and characterized in terms of zeta potential, size, and polydipersity index by using Zeta sizer and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum analysis. Total Phenolic content was measured by using Folin-Ciocalteu method and entrapment efficiency was evaluated. The release behavior was conducted in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) solution at pH, 7.4 and Kinetic model fitted to evaluate mechanism of release. Disc diffusion sensitivity test was used to evaluate antimicrobial activity of free extract and nanoliposomal CsP. The mean diameter of nanoliposomal CsP was 181 ± 1.02 nm and had 0.345 ± 0.014 polydipersity index. Zeta potential value for nanoliposomal CsP was-45.6 ± 8.84 mV. Entrapment efficiency under the optimum conditions was 66.11 ± 1.11%. and the nanoliposomal CsP was stable over 30 days. The antibacterial activity of nanoliposomal CsP exhibited inhibition zone diameter of 14.33 ± 1.53 mm and 12.00 ± 1.23 mm against S. aureus and E. coli respectively The results reveal the Carrisa spinarum liposome can be applied as potential carrier for delivery of polyphenols to improves therapeutic action against bacterial strain.
{"title":"Development and Characterization of Nanovesicles Containing Phenolic Compounds of Carissa spinarum: Encapsulation, Release Kinetics, Antimicrobial Activity and Mathematical Modeling","authors":"Clarence Rubaka, J. Gathirwa, H. Malebo, H. Swai, A. Hilonga","doi":"10.4028/p-8mzn1a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-8mzn1a","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a delivery system for polyphenols from an extract of Carissa spinarum leaves, based on liposomes. Liposomes loaded with Carissa spinarum polyphenols (nanoliposomal CsP) were prepared by ethanol-solvent injection method and characterized in terms of zeta potential, size, and polydipersity index by using Zeta sizer and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum analysis. Total Phenolic content was measured by using Folin-Ciocalteu method and entrapment efficiency was evaluated. The release behavior was conducted in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) solution at pH, 7.4 and Kinetic model fitted to evaluate mechanism of release. Disc diffusion sensitivity test was used to evaluate antimicrobial activity of free extract and nanoliposomal CsP. The mean diameter of nanoliposomal CsP was 181 ± 1.02 nm and had 0.345 ± 0.014 polydipersity index. Zeta potential value for nanoliposomal CsP was-45.6 ± 8.84 mV. Entrapment efficiency under the optimum conditions was 66.11 ± 1.11%. and the nanoliposomal CsP was stable over 30 days. The antibacterial activity of nanoliposomal CsP exhibited inhibition zone diameter of 14.33 ± 1.53 mm and 12.00 ± 1.23 mm against S. aureus and E. coli respectively The results reveal the Carrisa spinarum liposome can be applied as potential carrier for delivery of polyphenols to improves therapeutic action against bacterial strain.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45959326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8), a type of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), displays high porosity, large surface areas, and tunable functionality in nanocomposites, promising carrier for drug delivery applications. In this work, ZIF-8 nanomaterials were synthesized via precipitation under three different conditions and subsequently loaded onto chitosan/pluronic F-127 (CS/PL) hydrogels. The ZIF-8 materials prepared in NH4OH solution (ZIF-8-NH4OH) showed a regular cubic shape with a large particle size of approximately 963 nm due to the acceleration of crystal growth in a basic medium. Meanwhile, the ZIF-8 species prepared in H2O and MeOH (ZIF-8-H2O and ZIF-8-MeOH, respectively) displayed crystal sizes of approximately 152 and 240 nm, respectively. The overall toxicity of the ZIF-8 nanomaterials was determined with an XTT assay against the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. The morphology of the cells was altered at a concentration of over 30 µg/mL due to cell membrane deformations. This result correlated with the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release study by detection of LDH release at a concentration of over 25 µg/mL (50% LDH release). To reduce the toxicity of the ZIF-8 materials, CS/PL hydrogels were appropriately prepared and used to encapsulate the ZIF-8 at 0.095% w/w. Cytotoxicity results of the ZIF-8-loaded CS/PL hydrogels indicated over 75% cell viability of the L929 cells. These results presented significant implications for future applications of the ZIF-8 particles in the delivery of drugs or other compounds.
{"title":"Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8-Loaded Hydrogels as a Highly Biocompatible Carrier for Drug Delivery Applications","authors":"Pagasukon Mekrattanachai, Naruemon Setthaya, Chakkresit Chindawong, Bunlawee Yotnoi, W.-G. Song, Natchanon Ratanapun, Supreeda Tambunlertchai, C. Manaspon","doi":"10.4028/p-268hc7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-268hc7","url":null,"abstract":"Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8), a type of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), displays high porosity, large surface areas, and tunable functionality in nanocomposites, promising carrier for drug delivery applications. In this work, ZIF-8 nanomaterials were synthesized via precipitation under three different conditions and subsequently loaded onto chitosan/pluronic F-127 (CS/PL) hydrogels. The ZIF-8 materials prepared in NH4OH solution (ZIF-8-NH4OH) showed a regular cubic shape with a large particle size of approximately 963 nm due to the acceleration of crystal growth in a basic medium. Meanwhile, the ZIF-8 species prepared in H2O and MeOH (ZIF-8-H2O and ZIF-8-MeOH, respectively) displayed crystal sizes of approximately 152 and 240 nm, respectively. The overall toxicity of the ZIF-8 nanomaterials was determined with an XTT assay against the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line. The morphology of the cells was altered at a concentration of over 30 µg/mL due to cell membrane deformations. This result correlated with the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release study by detection of LDH release at a concentration of over 25 µg/mL (50% LDH release). To reduce the toxicity of the ZIF-8 materials, CS/PL hydrogels were appropriately prepared and used to encapsulate the ZIF-8 at 0.095% w/w. Cytotoxicity results of the ZIF-8-loaded CS/PL hydrogels indicated over 75% cell viability of the L929 cells. These results presented significant implications for future applications of the ZIF-8 particles in the delivery of drugs or other compounds.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41788020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdulrahman Al-sanea, İ. Mutlu, Y. Kişioğlu, Eltahir M. Mohamed
The relationship between implant thread design and dental bone arguably has an influence on the distribution of bone stresses. However, the existing data on the influence of the thread profiles on bone stresses is considerably conflicting. For example, some studies concluded that thread shape has a substantial effect on the intensity of bone stresses, while others revealed that thread shape has no effect on the intensity of bone stresses. Accordingly, this study aims to computationally investigate and compare the effect of dental implant thread design on bone stresses under axial loading using a finite element analysis (FEA) approach. A geometrical model of V-thread and square thread implants, with a fixed thread pitch of 0.8 mm and a depth of 42 mm, and the surrounding bone was developed to assess the stresses generated within the implant components and bone structure under a 114 N axial load. The simulation is primarily concerned with the von Mises stresses within the implant components and the surrounding bone. The results demonstrate that the V-thread implant causes extremely high stress on the cortical and cancellous bones compared to the square thread implant. For example, the maximum stresses induced in the cortical bone are 195.3 MPa and 68.8 MPa, while the maximum stresses created in the cancellous bone are 19.7 Mpa and 2.2 Mpa in both designs, respectively. In addition, the cortical bone stresses substantially exceed the implant body stresses in both designs, with maximum stresses of 93.18 Mpa and 41 Mpa for V-thread and square-thread implants, respectively. However, the implant thread shape doesn’t affect the stress distribution in the abutment and screw. In general, the results show that implant thread design can result in featured mechanical stresses in the implant body and bone structure.
{"title":"The Effect of V-Thread and Square Thread Dental Implants on Bone Stresses","authors":"Abdulrahman Al-sanea, İ. Mutlu, Y. Kişioğlu, Eltahir M. Mohamed","doi":"10.4028/p-3qasy2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-3qasy2","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between implant thread design and dental bone arguably has an influence on the distribution of bone stresses. However, the existing data on the influence of the thread profiles on bone stresses is considerably conflicting. For example, some studies concluded that thread shape has a substantial effect on the intensity of bone stresses, while others revealed that thread shape has no effect on the intensity of bone stresses. Accordingly, this study aims to computationally investigate and compare the effect of dental implant thread design on bone stresses under axial loading using a finite element analysis (FEA) approach. A geometrical model of V-thread and square thread implants, with a fixed thread pitch of 0.8 mm and a depth of 42 mm, and the surrounding bone was developed to assess the stresses generated within the implant components and bone structure under a 114 N axial load. The simulation is primarily concerned with the von Mises stresses within the implant components and the surrounding bone. The results demonstrate that the V-thread implant causes extremely high stress on the cortical and cancellous bones compared to the square thread implant. For example, the maximum stresses induced in the cortical bone are 195.3 MPa and 68.8 MPa, while the maximum stresses created in the cancellous bone are 19.7 Mpa and 2.2 Mpa in both designs, respectively. In addition, the cortical bone stresses substantially exceed the implant body stresses in both designs, with maximum stresses of 93.18 Mpa and 41 Mpa for V-thread and square-thread implants, respectively. However, the implant thread shape doesn’t affect the stress distribution in the abutment and screw. In general, the results show that implant thread design can result in featured mechanical stresses in the implant body and bone structure.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45914617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The cervical spine is a complex anatomical structure that mainly stabilizes the head and protects the spinal cord. Injuries of the cervical spine often occur during falls or road accidents and are particularly serious since they generate strong threats of paralysis and death. It should be noted that the ligaments provide cervical stability but their stabilization in case of injury is not yet well investigated. In this context, the objective of the present work is to study the failure of the ligaments by developing a bio-faithful numerical model while using a more realistic geometry of the spinal components and behavior laws that take into account the effect of strain rate and motion amplitudes. In order to validate the results of the study, we conducted a comparison with previous literature studies. It has been found that damage is often supported by intervertebral discs, anterior longitudinal ligaments (ALL) and capsular ligaments (CL) in the case of frontal impact. Indeed, the highest stresses are concentrated in the annulus fibrosus and the capsular ligaments. In this study, we tested the effect of ligament tears on disc behavior, where it was found that the stress rate increased by approximately 6%. The effect of capsular ligament tear orientation was also examined. The obtained results show that the most dangerous inclination was downward at an angle of 45°.
{"title":"Numerical Modeling of the Capsular Ligament Failure for the C2-C3 Segment in the Case of a Frontal Impact","authors":"N. Damba, B. Aour, A. Oudrane, Lamsadfa Sidamar","doi":"10.4028/p-3td39z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-3td39z","url":null,"abstract":"The cervical spine is a complex anatomical structure that mainly stabilizes the head and protects the spinal cord. Injuries of the cervical spine often occur during falls or road accidents and are particularly serious since they generate strong threats of paralysis and death. It should be noted that the ligaments provide cervical stability but their stabilization in case of injury is not yet well investigated. In this context, the objective of the present work is to study the failure of the ligaments by developing a bio-faithful numerical model while using a more realistic geometry of the spinal components and behavior laws that take into account the effect of strain rate and motion amplitudes. In order to validate the results of the study, we conducted a comparison with previous literature studies. It has been found that damage is often supported by intervertebral discs, anterior longitudinal ligaments (ALL) and capsular ligaments (CL) in the case of frontal impact. Indeed, the highest stresses are concentrated in the annulus fibrosus and the capsular ligaments. In this study, we tested the effect of ligament tears on disc behavior, where it was found that the stress rate increased by approximately 6%. The effect of capsular ligament tear orientation was also examined. The obtained results show that the most dangerous inclination was downward at an angle of 45°.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42964771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Vol. 60","authors":"S. Nandyala, David Duday","doi":"10.4028/b-drem1d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/b-drem1d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139372348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many studies have studied the relationships between handgrip strength and different Anthropometric variables. However, the hand anatomical position when measuring the handgrip strength was not clear in many studies. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric measurements and the handgrip strength at different anatomical positions of the arm among young individuals. 59 young males and 41 females were asked to squeeze the hand dynamometer to their maximum capacity. The maximum handgrip force was recorded for 7 different arm anatomical positions. Using SPSS, an Independent student's t-test was used to compare male and female groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlations between handgrip strength and the anthropometric measurements, weight, and BMI at different arm anatomical positions. Furthermore, the dominance weight was computed to determine the most important predictors of grip strength. Significant correlation between handgrip strength and height and weight at all positions and with hand length for all positions except when the arm was abducted and extended 180 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow joint. Arm length, forearm length and handbreadth were also correlated to handgrip strength at three positions, when the arm was adducted with 90 ͦ forward at the elbow joint, when the Arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow, and when the arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 90 ͦ at the elbow joint with the forearm perpendicular to the frontal plane. However, these correlations were different when males and females were considered separately. Furthermore, the results showed that the height followed by hand length had the highest prediction power of handgrip strength among young adults. The current results showed the importance of considering the different anatomical positions of the arm when studying the relationship between anthropometric measurements and hand grip strength.
{"title":"Handgrip Strength and its Association with Anthropometric Measurements at Different Anatomical Positions of Arm among Young Individuals","authors":"Ateka Khader, S. Almashaqbeh","doi":"10.4028/p-l0f4k2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-l0f4k2","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have studied the relationships between handgrip strength and different Anthropometric variables. However, the hand anatomical position when measuring the handgrip strength was not clear in many studies. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric measurements and the handgrip strength at different anatomical positions of the arm among young individuals. 59 young males and 41 females were asked to squeeze the hand dynamometer to their maximum capacity. The maximum handgrip force was recorded for 7 different arm anatomical positions. Using SPSS, an Independent student's t-test was used to compare male and female groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlations between handgrip strength and the anthropometric measurements, weight, and BMI at different arm anatomical positions. Furthermore, the dominance weight was computed to determine the most important predictors of grip strength. Significant correlation between handgrip strength and height and weight at all positions and with hand length for all positions except when the arm was abducted and extended 180 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow joint. Arm length, forearm length and handbreadth were also correlated to handgrip strength at three positions, when the arm was adducted with 90 ͦ forward at the elbow joint, when the Arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow, and when the arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 90 ͦ at the elbow joint with the forearm perpendicular to the frontal plane. However, these correlations were different when males and females were considered separately. Furthermore, the results showed that the height followed by hand length had the highest prediction power of handgrip strength among young adults. The current results showed the importance of considering the different anatomical positions of the arm when studying the relationship between anthropometric measurements and hand grip strength.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41473236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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