The current study involves synthesis of a composite films of sodium alginate (Alg), polyvinylalcohol and NanoGraphene oxide (GO) for tissue engineering applications. Solvent casting was used to make the polymeric composite films (Alg-Pva-Go), which may exhibit a synergic activity of the components for tissue repair. The influence of various GO concentrations on the films properties was also investigated. The scaffold has outstanding physicochemical and biological properties. The composite film's high swelling degree and contact angle reveals its high hydrophilicity, making it appropriate for tissue engineering. The antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus were studied. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test showed that the films composite was resistant to S. aureus. Seeding (AD-MSC) cells into the composite films exhibited an increase in cell adhesion and proliferation when compared to the Alginate and Polyvinylalcohol film in vitro experiments, indicating that the GO has a good influence on the films characteristics, which can utilization in tissue engineering applications.
{"title":"Investigation of Physochimechal and Biological Properties of Composite Sodium Alginate for Tissue Engineering","authors":"I. A. Kadhim","doi":"10.4028/p-a7ygw7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-a7ygw7","url":null,"abstract":"The current study involves synthesis of a composite films of sodium alginate (Alg), polyvinylalcohol and NanoGraphene oxide (GO) for tissue engineering applications. Solvent casting was used to make the polymeric composite films (Alg-Pva-Go), which may exhibit a synergic activity of the components for tissue repair. The influence of various GO concentrations on the films properties was also investigated. The scaffold has outstanding physicochemical and biological properties. The composite film's high swelling degree and contact angle reveals its high hydrophilicity, making it appropriate for tissue engineering. The antimicrobial activity on Staphylococcus aureus were studied. Furthermore, the antimicrobial test showed that the films composite was resistant to S. aureus. Seeding (AD-MSC) cells into the composite films exhibited an increase in cell adhesion and proliferation when compared to the Alginate and Polyvinylalcohol film in vitro experiments, indicating that the GO has a good influence on the films characteristics, which can utilization in tissue engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"11 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46165251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Measuring vital body signals is essential to measure basic body functions, prevent misdiagnosis, detect underlying health problems and motivate healthy lifestyle changes. Vital body signals are measured at the fingertips because the skin is thin, and the blood vessels are transparent. Visible light is passed at the fingertips, and the pulses generated are still acceptable on the outer nail. However, the body's vital signal measuring device continuously attached to the fingertip causes discomfort to the user. Therefore, in this study, it is proposed to measure the body's vital signals in other body parts. The wrist was chosen to be attached to the body's vital signal measuring device because the measuring device attached to the wrist allows it to continue to be used. This study aims to measure the body's vital signals, especially heart rate, on the wrist so that the correlation level of the measurement data is known. The main contribution of this study is built an electronic system to measure vital body signals, especially heart rate at the wrist with the help of the MAX30102 sensor that uses visible light with 650 - 670 nm. The MAX30102 sensor, which uses visible light with 650 - 670 nm, was selected for measurement. The ratio of the light reflected through the fingertips compared to the wrist. The result of measuring the heart rate signal on the wrist is in the form of a relatively flat wave so that the data sharpening process is carried out using the detrend method. The results showed that the measurement of heart rate signals at the wrist and fingertips of 15 respondents had accuration 85%. The accuration value shows that the data from the heart rate signal at the wrist is closely correlated with the data from the measurement of the heart rate signal at the fingertips. Therefore, measurements of heart rate signals, usually performed on the fingertips, can also be performed on the wrist. From the test results with a strong accuration, measurements are always taken when the hand can measure the place to measure vital signals, which is usually done at the fingertips.
{"title":"Performance Comparison for Hearth Rate Signal Detection for Different Location in Fingertip and Wrist Using Sensor MAX30102","authors":"R. Gunawan, A. Andang, Muhammad Ridwan","doi":"10.4028/p-op1nzx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-op1nzx","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Measuring vital body signals is essential to measure basic body functions, prevent misdiagnosis, detect underlying health problems and motivate healthy lifestyle changes. Vital body signals are measured at the fingertips because the skin is thin, and the blood vessels are transparent. Visible light is passed at the fingertips, and the pulses generated are still acceptable on the outer nail. However, the body's vital signal measuring device continuously attached to the fingertip causes discomfort to the user. Therefore, in this study, it is proposed to measure the body's vital signals in other body parts. The wrist was chosen to be attached to the body's vital signal measuring device because the measuring device attached to the wrist allows it to continue to be used. This study aims to measure the body's vital signals, especially heart rate, on the wrist so that the correlation level of the measurement data is known. The main contribution of this study is built an electronic system to measure vital body signals, especially heart rate at the wrist with the help of the MAX30102 sensor that uses visible light with 650 - 670 nm. The MAX30102 sensor, which uses visible light with 650 - 670 nm, was selected for measurement. The ratio of the light reflected through the fingertips compared to the wrist. The result of measuring the heart rate signal on the wrist is in the form of a relatively flat wave so that the data sharpening process is carried out using the detrend method. The results showed that the measurement of heart rate signals at the wrist and fingertips of 15 respondents had accuration 85%. The accuration value shows that the data from the heart rate signal at the wrist is closely correlated with the data from the measurement of the heart rate signal at the fingertips. Therefore, measurements of heart rate signals, usually performed on the fingertips, can also be performed on the wrist. From the test results with a strong accuration, measurements are always taken when the hand can measure the place to measure vital signals, which is usually done at the fingertips.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"131 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46366060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The need to develop surviving implants and bone substitutes with good biocompatibility, mechanical strength and bioactivity, without causing toxicity, immune rejection and cancer had attracted the attention of many researchers over the years. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the excellent calcium phosphates and major mineral component of vertebrate bone and teeth, which considerably enhances the biocompatibility, mechanical strength and bioactivity of artificial biomaterials in the body system. In addition, it creates porous and rough coated surface that aids the cell attachment, proliferation and the growth of tissue on the bone implants. Due to its high demand in biomedical applications, scientists had developed several, simple and efficient techniques to produce HA. This review outlines several techniques of manufacturing HA and summarizes the merits and demerits of each technique. Keywords: Biomaterials, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, preparation techniques and bone
{"title":"Synthesis Techniques of Bioceramic Hydroxyapatite for Biomedical Applications","authors":"T. O. Sadiq, I. Sudin, J. Idris, N. A. Fadil","doi":"10.4028/p-yqw75e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-yqw75e","url":null,"abstract":"The need to develop surviving implants and bone substitutes with good biocompatibility, mechanical strength and bioactivity, without causing toxicity, immune rejection and cancer had attracted the attention of many researchers over the years. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the excellent calcium phosphates and major mineral component of vertebrate bone and teeth, which considerably enhances the biocompatibility, mechanical strength and bioactivity of artificial biomaterials in the body system. In addition, it creates porous and rough coated surface that aids the cell attachment, proliferation and the growth of tissue on the bone implants. Due to its high demand in biomedical applications, scientists had developed several, simple and efficient techniques to produce HA. This review outlines several techniques of manufacturing HA and summarizes the merits and demerits of each technique. Keywords: Biomaterials, calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, preparation techniques and bone","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"59 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46959398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pooja R. Popat, Kinjal Nayee, Madhya Patel, Ankit P. Patel, Ruchita J. Patel, Viral A. Patel, B. Makwana
Novel approaches to engineer nanoparticles with desired chemical characteristics open new opportunities to utilize such materials for assorted applications. In this context, various methods have been developed to prepare metal nanoparticles. In the present work, we report a single-step synthesis method to prepare silver nanoparticles by using Carbidopa which is useful in treating Parkinson's disease to increase the dopamine level of the brain. Here we used the Carbidopa drug as a capping agent. Nanoparticles were characterized by Uv-Visible spectroscopy, Particle size Analyzer (PSA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Powder X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then amino acid detection study was performed with all 24 amino acids, which provides the successful data for sensing the amino acid L-dopa. These prepared nanoparticles were further applied for metal analyte studies which reveal that lead can be sensed successfully by using these nanoparticles. Nanoparticle also shows radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).
{"title":"Novel Carbidopa Functionalised Silver Nanoparticles a Selective Detection for Lead and Levodopa","authors":"Pooja R. Popat, Kinjal Nayee, Madhya Patel, Ankit P. Patel, Ruchita J. Patel, Viral A. Patel, B. Makwana","doi":"10.4028/p-5hlj88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-5hlj88","url":null,"abstract":"Novel approaches to engineer nanoparticles with desired chemical characteristics open new opportunities to utilize such materials for assorted applications. In this context, various methods have been developed to prepare metal nanoparticles. In the present work, we report a single-step synthesis method to prepare silver nanoparticles by using Carbidopa which is useful in treating Parkinson's disease to increase the dopamine level of the brain. Here we used the Carbidopa drug as a capping agent. Nanoparticles were characterized by Uv-Visible spectroscopy, Particle size Analyzer (PSA), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Powder X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Then amino acid detection study was performed with all 24 amino acids, which provides the successful data for sensing the amino acid L-dopa. These prepared nanoparticles were further applied for metal analyte studies which reveal that lead can be sensed successfully by using these nanoparticles. Nanoparticle also shows radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH).","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"21 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48161589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: zirconium (Zr) implants are known for having an aesthetically pleasing tooth-like colour Unlike the grey cervical collar that develops over time when titanium (Ti) implants are used in thin gingival biotypes. However, the surface qualities of Zr implants can be further improved. This present study examined using thermal vapour deposition (TVD) to coat Zr implants with germanium (Ge) to improve its physical and chemical characteristics and enhance soft and hard tissue responses. Materials and methods: Zr discs were divided into two groups; the uncoated (control) group was only grit-blasted with alumina particles while the coated (experimental) group was grit-blasted then coated with Ge via TVD. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle test, and cross-hatch adhesion tests were then used for surface characterization Results: An XRD analysis of the Ge-coated Zr samples revealed the substrate while the FESEM results revealed a continuous coating with no cracks. The mean surface roughness and hydrophilicity of the Ge-coated Zr substrate was significantly higher than that of the uncoated Zr substrate (P≤0.01). The cross-hatch adhesion of all the samples was 0%, thereby indicating good coating adhesion. Conclusion: Therefore Coating Zr implants with Ge via TVD enhances its physical and chemical properties.
{"title":"Optimizing the Surface Properties of Zirconium Implants with Germanium Coating","authors":"Dhuha Hussain Mohammed, R. K. Jassim","doi":"10.4028/p-cq67ab","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-cq67ab","url":null,"abstract":"Background: zirconium (Zr) implants are known for having an aesthetically pleasing tooth-like colour Unlike the grey cervical collar that develops over time when titanium (Ti) implants are used in thin gingival biotypes. However, the surface qualities of Zr implants can be further improved. This present study examined using thermal vapour deposition (TVD) to coat Zr implants with germanium (Ge) to improve its physical and chemical characteristics and enhance soft and hard tissue responses. Materials and methods: Zr discs were divided into two groups; the uncoated (control) group was only grit-blasted with alumina particles while the coated (experimental) group was grit-blasted then coated with Ge via TVD. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), water contact angle test, and cross-hatch adhesion tests were then used for surface characterization Results: An XRD analysis of the Ge-coated Zr samples revealed the substrate while the FESEM results revealed a continuous coating with no cracks. The mean surface roughness and hydrophilicity of the Ge-coated Zr substrate was significantly higher than that of the uncoated Zr substrate (P≤0.01). The cross-hatch adhesion of all the samples was 0%, thereby indicating good coating adhesion. Conclusion: Therefore Coating Zr implants with Ge via TVD enhances its physical and chemical properties.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"91 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48208167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi, Abdul Zaky, Adit Patrian
Radiation detection method has been developed through years. It started from the complex module tools to simple handheld instrument. Recently, the more ease method has been developed with the help of smartphone application. To detect radiation using smartphone usually required the external tools connected to the phone as detector, but there is one application that did not. This application only required complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) part of camera. The application is a game changer in radiation protection because nowadays smartphone is in everyone’s pocket. The application needs to be tested to ensure its effectiveness to detect radiation. The application has been tested by the previous research and it is effective to detect radiation. In this research, CMOS will be tested to detect radiation leakage of x-ray tube. The aim of this research is to find the effectiveness of CMOS in smartphone for radiation leakage detection of x-ray tube. The finding will help the radiation worker detect leakage radiation of x-ray tube using smartphone in case of the absences of surveymeter in the facility. The radiation from x-ray machine were detected and measured three times by Iphone 6s, Xs, and 11 using RadioactivityCounter. To ensure there was a leakage, surveymeter is used as a comparative modul. The data obtained from the experiment was analyzed using t-test. The result show that percentage error of Iphone 6s, Xs, and 11 Consecutively were 93.4%, 98.2%, and 98.9%. which mean CMOS in these said phone could detect and measured radiation ineffectively. This due to the low leaked intensity x-ray that came from x-ray machine. From the T-test anaysis found that only Iphone 11 had linear comparison to surveymeter
{"title":"The Evaluation of Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) in Smartphone to Test X-Ray Tube Radiation Leakage","authors":"Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi, Abdul Zaky, Adit Patrian","doi":"10.4028/p-s968xu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-s968xu","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation detection method has been developed through years. It started from the complex module tools to simple handheld instrument. Recently, the more ease method has been developed with the help of smartphone application. To detect radiation using smartphone usually required the external tools connected to the phone as detector, but there is one application that did not. This application only required complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) part of camera. The application is a game changer in radiation protection because nowadays smartphone is in everyone’s pocket. The application needs to be tested to ensure its effectiveness to detect radiation. The application has been tested by the previous research and it is effective to detect radiation. In this research, CMOS will be tested to detect radiation leakage of x-ray tube. The aim of this research is to find the effectiveness of CMOS in smartphone for radiation leakage detection of x-ray tube. The finding will help the radiation worker detect leakage radiation of x-ray tube using smartphone in case of the absences of surveymeter in the facility. The radiation from x-ray machine were detected and measured three times by Iphone 6s, Xs, and 11 using RadioactivityCounter. To ensure there was a leakage, surveymeter is used as a comparative modul. The data obtained from the experiment was analyzed using t-test. The result show that percentage error of Iphone 6s, Xs, and 11 Consecutively were 93.4%, 98.2%, and 98.9%. which mean CMOS in these said phone could detect and measured radiation ineffectively. This due to the low leaked intensity x-ray that came from x-ray machine. From the T-test anaysis found that only Iphone 11 had linear comparison to surveymeter","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"145 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48524642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Triwardono, F. Rokhmanto, R. Roberto, Ika Kartika, A. S. Saragih, Y. Whulanza, S. Shuib, S. Supriadi
Revision total knee arthroplasties cause performed aseptic loosening, instability, and polyethylene wear. Separation or removal of the femoral component has been observed and this has the potential to severely damage the polyethylene component. In most cases 90% of the patients examined experienced significant medial or lateral condylar lift at some stage during the gait cycle. Using the MRI, a normal knee has maximum lateral lift is approx. 6.7 mm and maximum medial lift is approx. 2.1 mm, when a varus strees applied at a 90° knee flexion. Elevation of the lateral condyle due to valgus malalignment will distribute more contact force on the medial condyle. In this study, a polyethylene component of a posterior-stabilized right knee joint implant was developed to facilitate a high range of motion (ROM). Malalignment valgus was observed with the axes of knee motion joint implants were varied from 0°, 2°, 3° to 5 and knee bend measurements at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° of knee flexion. Using the knee kinematic motion simulator, the modified polyethylene component resulted in 0° malalignment there is no gap of the femoral component with the polyethylene component, from 30° to 150° of knee flexion. At 2° malalignment, the femoral component was raised by 0.5 mm at a 90° to 150° knee flexion and increased with increasing knee flexion. Maximum gap occurs at 5° malalignment in the amount of 5 mm at 150° of knee flexion. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluation malalignment valgus of the flexed knee using knee kinematic motion simulator, with reference to the tibiofemoral flexion gap. The result that the modified design is expected in an narrow down gap between femoral and polyethylene component used knee kinematic motion simulator, this accommodate deep knee flexion movement in daily activities and reduce the possibility of subluxation and dislocation at the polyethylene component during deep knee flexion. A wide gap between the femoral component and the polyethylene component and a significant amount of contact force in the medial condyle region might be the explanation for polyethylene component damage. It is expected that potential medial or lateral condylar lift at some stage during the gait cycle can be reduced.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Malalignment Varus - Valgus in Total Knee Arthroplasty Designed for Deep Knee Flexion Using Knee Kinematic Motion Simulator","authors":"J. Triwardono, F. Rokhmanto, R. Roberto, Ika Kartika, A. S. Saragih, Y. Whulanza, S. Shuib, S. Supriadi","doi":"10.4028/p-l6p55i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-l6p55i","url":null,"abstract":"Revision total knee arthroplasties cause performed aseptic loosening, instability, and polyethylene wear. Separation or removal of the femoral component has been observed and this has the potential to severely damage the polyethylene component. In most cases 90% of the patients examined experienced significant medial or lateral condylar lift at some stage during the gait cycle. Using the MRI, a normal knee has maximum lateral lift is approx. 6.7 mm and maximum medial lift is approx. 2.1 mm, when a varus strees applied at a 90° knee flexion. Elevation of the lateral condyle due to valgus malalignment will distribute more contact force on the medial condyle. In this study, a polyethylene component of a posterior-stabilized right knee joint implant was developed to facilitate a high range of motion (ROM). Malalignment valgus was observed with the axes of knee motion joint implants were varied from 0°, 2°, 3° to 5 and knee bend measurements at 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 150° of knee flexion. Using the knee kinematic motion simulator, the modified polyethylene component resulted in 0° malalignment there is no gap of the femoral component with the polyethylene component, from 30° to 150° of knee flexion. At 2° malalignment, the femoral component was raised by 0.5 mm at a 90° to 150° knee flexion and increased with increasing knee flexion. Maximum gap occurs at 5° malalignment in the amount of 5 mm at 150° of knee flexion. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluation malalignment valgus of the flexed knee using knee kinematic motion simulator, with reference to the tibiofemoral flexion gap. The result that the modified design is expected in an narrow down gap between femoral and polyethylene component used knee kinematic motion simulator, this accommodate deep knee flexion movement in daily activities and reduce the possibility of subluxation and dislocation at the polyethylene component during deep knee flexion. A wide gap between the femoral component and the polyethylene component and a significant amount of contact force in the medial condyle region might be the explanation for polyethylene component damage. It is expected that potential medial or lateral condylar lift at some stage during the gait cycle can be reduced.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"119 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48441668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The small size and large surface area of nano and microparticles are interesting properties for drug delivery, hypothetically capable of overcoming some limitations of conventional therapeutic medicine and diagnostic agents. Although their features are highly influenced by the polymer characteristics, these particles are known for encapsulating high amounts of drugs, improving their stability and bioavailability and enabling different administration routes. Among synthetic polymers, polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles are widely studied in drug delivery due to the polymer excellent biocompatibility and degradability and for its ability to blend with other polymers. On its turn, among natural polymers, glucan has been emerging as a promising candidate for drug delivery particularly due to structure forming abilities and its immunomodulatory effects. Under the safe-by-design approach for the development of polymeric particles, this review encloses a comprehensive summary of production methods, physicochemical characteristics and immunotoxicity profiles of PCL and glucan particles developed for drug delivery.
{"title":"Synthetic and Natural Polymeric Drug Delivery Systems - A Comprehensive Overview of Polycaprolactone and Glucan Particles","authors":"N. Bernardi, Sandra Jesus, O. Borges","doi":"10.4028/p-ns8294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-ns8294","url":null,"abstract":"The small size and large surface area of nano and microparticles are interesting properties for drug delivery, hypothetically capable of overcoming some limitations of conventional therapeutic medicine and diagnostic agents. Although their features are highly influenced by the polymer characteristics, these particles are known for encapsulating high amounts of drugs, improving their stability and bioavailability and enabling different administration routes. Among synthetic polymers, polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles are widely studied in drug delivery due to the polymer excellent biocompatibility and degradability and for its ability to blend with other polymers. On its turn, among natural polymers, glucan has been emerging as a promising candidate for drug delivery particularly due to structure forming abilities and its immunomodulatory effects. Under the safe-by-design approach for the development of polymeric particles, this review encloses a comprehensive summary of production methods, physicochemical characteristics and immunotoxicity profiles of PCL and glucan particles developed for drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"39 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46696565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lloyd Allan T. Cabañog, R. M. T. Cumba, Melania M. Enot, R. Capangpangan, A. Alguno
Silver nanoparticles have been well known to possess efficient antibacterial properties. Many studies conducted on silver nanoparticles synthesized in different routes, from physical methods to chemical techniques to biological synthesis. In this study, the biological route was utilized using Psidium guajava leaves extract mixed with silver nitrate to synthesize silver nanoparticles. In addition, syntheses were done at varying temperatures to investigate its effect over antibacterial properties of the silver nanoparticles obtained. Results showed blueshifting of UV-Vis peaks suggesting decrease in particle size as synthesis temperature increases. FTIR also showed that the synthesized nanoparticles may have been capped by phenolic compounds from the biomolecules in guava leaves. Finally, antibacterial tests via Disc Diffusion Test suggested that the silver nanoparticles biologically synthesized at higher temperatures are more effective bactericides than those synthesized at lower temperatures as indicated by the measured zones of inhibition.
{"title":"Effects of Reaction Temperature on the Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Psidium guajava Leaf Extract","authors":"Lloyd Allan T. Cabañog, R. M. T. Cumba, Melania M. Enot, R. Capangpangan, A. Alguno","doi":"10.4028/p-d7enun","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-d7enun","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles have been well known to possess efficient antibacterial properties. Many studies conducted on silver nanoparticles synthesized in different routes, from physical methods to chemical techniques to biological synthesis. In this study, the biological route was utilized using Psidium guajava leaves extract mixed with silver nitrate to synthesize silver nanoparticles. In addition, syntheses were done at varying temperatures to investigate its effect over antibacterial properties of the silver nanoparticles obtained. Results showed blueshifting of UV-Vis peaks suggesting decrease in particle size as synthesis temperature increases. FTIR also showed that the synthesized nanoparticles may have been capped by phenolic compounds from the biomolecules in guava leaves. Finally, antibacterial tests via Disc Diffusion Test suggested that the silver nanoparticles biologically synthesized at higher temperatures are more effective bactericides than those synthesized at lower temperatures as indicated by the measured zones of inhibition.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"67 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49134589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin Yang Zhang, Xiao Zhang, J. Chen, Xianshuai Chen
The effect of angle abutment on the stress distribution of bone tissue around implant is not clear. Using abutments with different gingival height (GH) may cause changes in the stress distribution of the implant and implant-bone interface. This study aims to investigate whether angled abutments with varied GH have a significant effect on stress distribution of surrounding bone and the biomechanical behavior of the implant system. Three implant-supported restoration models were designed by changing the angled abutment GH (1 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm). Force of 200N was applied on the crown surface at 45° to the long axis of the implants. The biomechanical performance of the restorations (including implants and angled abutments) and stress distribution pattern were evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). Results showed that angled abutments with larger GH resulted in increased stresses on the implant and implant-bone interface.
{"title":"Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Biomechanical Behavior of Single Implant-Supported Restorations Based on Angled Abutments with Different Gingival Heights","authors":"Jin Yang Zhang, Xiao Zhang, J. Chen, Xianshuai Chen","doi":"10.4028/p-p4ibv3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-p4ibv3","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of angle abutment on the stress distribution of bone tissue around implant is not clear. Using abutments with different gingival height (GH) may cause changes in the stress distribution of the implant and implant-bone interface. This study aims to investigate whether angled abutments with varied GH have a significant effect on stress distribution of surrounding bone and the biomechanical behavior of the implant system. Three implant-supported restoration models were designed by changing the angled abutment GH (1 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm). Force of 200N was applied on the crown surface at 45° to the long axis of the implants. The biomechanical performance of the restorations (including implants and angled abutments) and stress distribution pattern were evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). Results showed that angled abutments with larger GH resulted in increased stresses on the implant and implant-bone interface.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":"111 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48214840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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