Abdulrahman Al-sanea, İ. Mutlu, Y. Kişioğlu, Eltahir M. Mohamed
The relationship between implant thread design and dental bone arguably has an influence on the distribution of bone stresses. However, the existing data on the influence of the thread profiles on bone stresses is considerably conflicting. For example, some studies concluded that thread shape has a substantial effect on the intensity of bone stresses, while others revealed that thread shape has no effect on the intensity of bone stresses. Accordingly, this study aims to computationally investigate and compare the effect of dental implant thread design on bone stresses under axial loading using a finite element analysis (FEA) approach. A geometrical model of V-thread and square thread implants, with a fixed thread pitch of 0.8 mm and a depth of 42 mm, and the surrounding bone was developed to assess the stresses generated within the implant components and bone structure under a 114 N axial load. The simulation is primarily concerned with the von Mises stresses within the implant components and the surrounding bone. The results demonstrate that the V-thread implant causes extremely high stress on the cortical and cancellous bones compared to the square thread implant. For example, the maximum stresses induced in the cortical bone are 195.3 MPa and 68.8 MPa, while the maximum stresses created in the cancellous bone are 19.7 Mpa and 2.2 Mpa in both designs, respectively. In addition, the cortical bone stresses substantially exceed the implant body stresses in both designs, with maximum stresses of 93.18 Mpa and 41 Mpa for V-thread and square-thread implants, respectively. However, the implant thread shape doesn’t affect the stress distribution in the abutment and screw. In general, the results show that implant thread design can result in featured mechanical stresses in the implant body and bone structure.
{"title":"The Effect of V-Thread and Square Thread Dental Implants on Bone Stresses","authors":"Abdulrahman Al-sanea, İ. Mutlu, Y. Kişioğlu, Eltahir M. Mohamed","doi":"10.4028/p-3qasy2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-3qasy2","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between implant thread design and dental bone arguably has an influence on the distribution of bone stresses. However, the existing data on the influence of the thread profiles on bone stresses is considerably conflicting. For example, some studies concluded that thread shape has a substantial effect on the intensity of bone stresses, while others revealed that thread shape has no effect on the intensity of bone stresses. Accordingly, this study aims to computationally investigate and compare the effect of dental implant thread design on bone stresses under axial loading using a finite element analysis (FEA) approach. A geometrical model of V-thread and square thread implants, with a fixed thread pitch of 0.8 mm and a depth of 42 mm, and the surrounding bone was developed to assess the stresses generated within the implant components and bone structure under a 114 N axial load. The simulation is primarily concerned with the von Mises stresses within the implant components and the surrounding bone. The results demonstrate that the V-thread implant causes extremely high stress on the cortical and cancellous bones compared to the square thread implant. For example, the maximum stresses induced in the cortical bone are 195.3 MPa and 68.8 MPa, while the maximum stresses created in the cancellous bone are 19.7 Mpa and 2.2 Mpa in both designs, respectively. In addition, the cortical bone stresses substantially exceed the implant body stresses in both designs, with maximum stresses of 93.18 Mpa and 41 Mpa for V-thread and square-thread implants, respectively. However, the implant thread shape doesn’t affect the stress distribution in the abutment and screw. In general, the results show that implant thread design can result in featured mechanical stresses in the implant body and bone structure.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":"83 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45914617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering Vol. 60","authors":"S. Nandyala, David Duday","doi":"10.4028/b-drem1d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/b-drem1d","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"341 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139372348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many studies have studied the relationships between handgrip strength and different Anthropometric variables. However, the hand anatomical position when measuring the handgrip strength was not clear in many studies. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric measurements and the handgrip strength at different anatomical positions of the arm among young individuals. 59 young males and 41 females were asked to squeeze the hand dynamometer to their maximum capacity. The maximum handgrip force was recorded for 7 different arm anatomical positions. Using SPSS, an Independent student's t-test was used to compare male and female groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlations between handgrip strength and the anthropometric measurements, weight, and BMI at different arm anatomical positions. Furthermore, the dominance weight was computed to determine the most important predictors of grip strength. Significant correlation between handgrip strength and height and weight at all positions and with hand length for all positions except when the arm was abducted and extended 180 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow joint. Arm length, forearm length and handbreadth were also correlated to handgrip strength at three positions, when the arm was adducted with 90 ͦ forward at the elbow joint, when the Arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow, and when the arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 90 ͦ at the elbow joint with the forearm perpendicular to the frontal plane. However, these correlations were different when males and females were considered separately. Furthermore, the results showed that the height followed by hand length had the highest prediction power of handgrip strength among young adults. The current results showed the importance of considering the different anatomical positions of the arm when studying the relationship between anthropometric measurements and hand grip strength.
{"title":"Handgrip Strength and its Association with Anthropometric Measurements at Different Anatomical Positions of Arm among Young Individuals","authors":"Ateka Khader, S. Almashaqbeh","doi":"10.4028/p-l0f4k2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-l0f4k2","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies have studied the relationships between handgrip strength and different Anthropometric variables. However, the hand anatomical position when measuring the handgrip strength was not clear in many studies. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the anthropometric measurements and the handgrip strength at different anatomical positions of the arm among young individuals. 59 young males and 41 females were asked to squeeze the hand dynamometer to their maximum capacity. The maximum handgrip force was recorded for 7 different arm anatomical positions. Using SPSS, an Independent student's t-test was used to compare male and female groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to determine the correlations between handgrip strength and the anthropometric measurements, weight, and BMI at different arm anatomical positions. Furthermore, the dominance weight was computed to determine the most important predictors of grip strength. Significant correlation between handgrip strength and height and weight at all positions and with hand length for all positions except when the arm was abducted and extended 180 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow joint. Arm length, forearm length and handbreadth were also correlated to handgrip strength at three positions, when the arm was adducted with 90 ͦ forward at the elbow joint, when the Arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 180 ͦ at the elbow, and when the arm was abducted with 90 ͦ at the shoulder joint and 90 ͦ at the elbow joint with the forearm perpendicular to the frontal plane. However, these correlations were different when males and females were considered separately. Furthermore, the results showed that the height followed by hand length had the highest prediction power of handgrip strength among young adults. The current results showed the importance of considering the different anatomical positions of the arm when studying the relationship between anthropometric measurements and hand grip strength.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":"97 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41473236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Djenaoui, B. Boutabout, M. Bouziane, A. Miloudi, Djebbar Noureddine
The aim of the present investigation is to determine the ideal values for several parameters, such as the external diameter of the polyethylene liner, the Young's modulus of the cup, and the friction coefficients between the polyethylene liner's contact area and the acetabular shell and prosthetic head of the dual-mobility cup. Reduced stresses at the bone/cement interface are crucial for ensuring a well-fixed dual-mobility cup (DMC) with the acetabulum because orthopedic cement (PMMA) is the weakest component of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Four factors, such as the PE liner size, the rigidity of the cup, and the friction coefficients, are optimized using the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) and experimental design approach (EDA). The numerical results show that the hemispherical-liner size, mechanical characteristics of the cup, surface state of the femoral head, liner PE, and shell components all influence the mechanical strength of the bone cement. To prevent fracturing the bone cement, which would render the total hip arthroplasty ineffective. The optimal values of the maximum von Mises stress in bone cement will be determined using this methodology. The numerical outcome shows that when the Young's modulus of the cup rises, the maximum stress in bone cement falls until it reaches a minimal value. The maximum stress in bone cement, however, increases as the PE liner's exterior diameter increases. Because the maximum stress is still below the yield stress of bone cement, the artificial hip joint is still considered safe despite the increased stress value.
{"title":"Optimization and the Impact of Various Factors on the Orthopedic Cement Used in the Total Hip Arthroplasty","authors":"Ali Djenaoui, B. Boutabout, M. Bouziane, A. Miloudi, Djebbar Noureddine","doi":"10.4028/p-us013z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-us013z","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present investigation is to determine the ideal values for several parameters, such as the external diameter of the polyethylene liner, the Young's modulus of the cup, and the friction coefficients between the polyethylene liner's contact area and the acetabular shell and prosthetic head of the dual-mobility cup. Reduced stresses at the bone/cement interface are crucial for ensuring a well-fixed dual-mobility cup (DMC) with the acetabulum because orthopedic cement (PMMA) is the weakest component of total hip arthroplasty (THA). Four factors, such as the PE liner size, the rigidity of the cup, and the friction coefficients, are optimized using the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) and experimental design approach (EDA). The numerical results show that the hemispherical-liner size, mechanical characteristics of the cup, surface state of the femoral head, liner PE, and shell components all influence the mechanical strength of the bone cement. To prevent fracturing the bone cement, which would render the total hip arthroplasty ineffective. The optimal values of the maximum von Mises stress in bone cement will be determined using this methodology. The numerical outcome shows that when the Young's modulus of the cup rises, the maximum stress in bone cement falls until it reaches a minimal value. The maximum stress in bone cement, however, increases as the PE liner's exterior diameter increases. Because the maximum stress is still below the yield stress of bone cement, the artificial hip joint is still considered safe despite the increased stress value.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":"53 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44594563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seral Özşen, Yasin Koca, G. Tezel, Fatma Zehra Solak, H. Vatansev, Serkan Küçüktürk
Automatic sleep scoring systems have being much more attention in last decades. Whereas a wide variety of studies have been used in this subject area, the accuracies are still under acceptable limits to apply these methods in real life data. One can find many high accuracy studies in literature using standard database but when it comes to the using real data reaching such a high performances is not straightforward. In this study, five distinct datasets were prepared using 124 persons including 93 unhealthy and 31 healthy persons. These datasets consist of time-, nonlinear-, welch-, discrete wavelet transform-and Hilbert-Huang transform-features. By applying k-NN, Decision Trees, ANN, SVM and Bagged Tree classifiers to these feature sets in various manners by using feature-selection highest classification accuracy was searched. The maximum classification accuracy was detected in case of Bagged Tree classifier as 95.06% with the use of 14 features among a total of 136 features. This accuracy is relatively high compared with literature for a real-data application.
{"title":"Automatic Sleep Stage Classification for the Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with Feature Mining","authors":"Seral Özşen, Yasin Koca, G. Tezel, Fatma Zehra Solak, H. Vatansev, Serkan Küçüktürk","doi":"10.4028/p-svwo5k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-svwo5k","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic sleep scoring systems have being much more attention in last decades. Whereas a wide variety of studies have been used in this subject area, the accuracies are still under acceptable limits to apply these methods in real life data. One can find many high accuracy studies in literature using standard database but when it comes to the using real data reaching such a high performances is not straightforward. In this study, five distinct datasets were prepared using 124 persons including 93 unhealthy and 31 healthy persons. These datasets consist of time-, nonlinear-, welch-, discrete wavelet transform-and Hilbert-Huang transform-features. By applying k-NN, Decision Trees, ANN, SVM and Bagged Tree classifiers to these feature sets in various manners by using feature-selection highest classification accuracy was searched. The maximum classification accuracy was detected in case of Bagged Tree classifier as 95.06% with the use of 14 features among a total of 136 features. This accuracy is relatively high compared with literature for a real-data application.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":"119 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44696456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angie Tatiana Toro Martinez, R. Buitrago‐Sierra, Alvaro Guzmán Aponte
Collagen has been widely used in biomedical applications, mainly to develop structures (cell scaffolds) that allow cell growth and differentiation processes. This biomolecule is also used in cosmetics because it is an essential ingredient of certain makeup and in pharmaceutics for bandages to treat wounds and burns. However, the use of collagen has been limited by the ethical and moral implications of the (typically animal) sources from which it is extracted. Therefore, alternative, more environmentally friendly sources should be found to obtain collagen. Extracting collagen from fishing industry waste (such as scales, bones, and fish skin) has been presented as an advantageous alternative to obtain this biomaterial, which has also shown promising results due to its biocompatibility with human structures (organs and tissues). The characteristics of this molecule and other sources from which it can be obtained should be further studied.
{"title":"Collagen: A Promising Molecule in Biomedical Applications","authors":"Angie Tatiana Toro Martinez, R. Buitrago‐Sierra, Alvaro Guzmán Aponte","doi":"10.4028/p-v5a3hl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-v5a3hl","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen has been widely used in biomedical applications, mainly to develop structures (cell scaffolds) that allow cell growth and differentiation processes. This biomolecule is also used in cosmetics because it is an essential ingredient of certain makeup and in pharmaceutics for bandages to treat wounds and burns. However, the use of collagen has been limited by the ethical and moral implications of the (typically animal) sources from which it is extracted. Therefore, alternative, more environmentally friendly sources should be found to obtain collagen. Extracting collagen from fishing industry waste (such as scales, bones, and fish skin) has been presented as an advantageous alternative to obtain this biomaterial, which has also shown promising results due to its biocompatibility with human structures (organs and tissues). The characteristics of this molecule and other sources from which it can be obtained should be further studied.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":"11 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41855071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shokrzadeh, F. Motafeghi, N. Farhadyar, F. Fathi
The main purpose of this study is to synthesize nano-hydroxyapatite/cellulose (nHAP/Cel) and nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAP/CS) scaffolds via co-precipitation method for bone tissue engineering due to their suitable biocompatibility, cytotoxicity and mechanical properties. The characterizations of these scaffolds were investigated by Infrared absorption spectra (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was evaluated with bone marrow cell using the 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide) (MTT) assay. The porosity of scaffolds was estimated 87%. The results indicate that the nano composite scaffolds have good morphology, tissue biocompatibility and biodegradability to be used for tissue engineering.
{"title":"Cytotoxicity Study of nHAP/Chitosan and nHAP/Cellulose Composite Scaffolds Synthesized via Co-Precipitation for Bone Tissue Engineering","authors":"M. Shokrzadeh, F. Motafeghi, N. Farhadyar, F. Fathi","doi":"10.4028/p-14k07c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-14k07c","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this study is to synthesize nano-hydroxyapatite/cellulose (nHAP/Cel) and nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAP/CS) scaffolds via co-precipitation method for bone tissue engineering due to their suitable biocompatibility, cytotoxicity and mechanical properties. The characterizations of these scaffolds were investigated by Infrared absorption spectra (FT-IR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was evaluated with bone marrow cell using the 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide) (MTT) assay. The porosity of scaffolds was estimated 87%. The results indicate that the nano composite scaffolds have good morphology, tissue biocompatibility and biodegradability to be used for tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"60 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41937518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organoid as a 3D structured model in vitro has difficulty in controlling its size. This issue becomes problematic when it is applied in a microfluidic source and sink-based because different dimension leads to different exposure to morphogen resulting in different cell fate. As a model used for biomedical purposes, this problem could lead to a discrepancy. This research is imposed to implement the forecasting method to study the dynamic of organoid growth profile. This approach could help a better understanding via spatiotemporal perspective complemented with a mathematical formula. The forecasting approach that clarifies the trend of this organoid growth by assessing whether the decided trend fits in every (or particular) stage (or not) has not been informed yet. Neural tube organoids have four different mechanical stiffness (0,5 kPa, 2 kPa, 4 kPa, 8kPa) which are documented in three days by time-lapse microscopy used in this experiment. These objects are mapped in a spatiotemporal fashion investigated in the profile and assessed by exponential trend. The actual phenomenon and forecasted result are evaluated by Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Based on the result, the profile of organoid growth indicates that the organoid develops mostly following an exponential profile with the highest R2 value of 0,9868 and the lowest being 0,8734. Based on the MAPE value calculation it could be confirmed that the MAPE value on day 3 is the highest among the others indicating that the extended time of growth tends to have a different profile rather than the exponential trend after day 2. It should be noted that on the lowest stiffness (0,5 kPa) the mechanical properties do not significantly affect the organoid size during the development. Almost all (11 by 12 data or 91,6%) of the MAPE value is in excellent criteria (the value is less than 10%). Only one data does not belong to that classification which is in 8 kPa on day 3. Indicating that the higher stiffness the stronger effect on the system. From the axis development perspective, the organoid does not follow any specific pattern. This research could be a reference for a better understanding of the organoid growth profile in the 3D matrix environment which is nowadays become a hot topic in biomedical applications.
{"title":"Forecasting Approach to Investigate Dynamic Growth of Organoid within 3D Matrix for Distinct Perspective","authors":"M. Yusro, Isnaini Nurisusilawati","doi":"10.4028/p-99od29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-99od29","url":null,"abstract":"Organoid as a 3D structured model in vitro has difficulty in controlling its size. This issue becomes problematic when it is applied in a microfluidic source and sink-based because different dimension leads to different exposure to morphogen resulting in different cell fate. As a model used for biomedical purposes, this problem could lead to a discrepancy. This research is imposed to implement the forecasting method to study the dynamic of organoid growth profile. This approach could help a better understanding via spatiotemporal perspective complemented with a mathematical formula. The forecasting approach that clarifies the trend of this organoid growth by assessing whether the decided trend fits in every (or particular) stage (or not) has not been informed yet. Neural tube organoids have four different mechanical stiffness (0,5 kPa, 2 kPa, 4 kPa, 8kPa) which are documented in three days by time-lapse microscopy used in this experiment. These objects are mapped in a spatiotemporal fashion investigated in the profile and assessed by exponential trend. The actual phenomenon and forecasted result are evaluated by Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Based on the result, the profile of organoid growth indicates that the organoid develops mostly following an exponential profile with the highest R2 value of 0,9868 and the lowest being 0,8734. Based on the MAPE value calculation it could be confirmed that the MAPE value on day 3 is the highest among the others indicating that the extended time of growth tends to have a different profile rather than the exponential trend after day 2. It should be noted that on the lowest stiffness (0,5 kPa) the mechanical properties do not significantly affect the organoid size during the development. Almost all (11 by 12 data or 91,6%) of the MAPE value is in excellent criteria (the value is less than 10%). Only one data does not belong to that classification which is in 8 kPa on day 3. Indicating that the higher stiffness the stronger effect on the system. From the axis development perspective, the organoid does not follow any specific pattern. This research could be a reference for a better understanding of the organoid growth profile in the 3D matrix environment which is nowadays become a hot topic in biomedical applications.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"107 - 117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42862509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of factor causing the failure of Ti-6Al-4V Extra Low Interstitial (ELI)-based material implants, does not have bioactive properties in the implantation process, thus not supporting the osseointegration process in the body. For this reason, coating with hydroxyapatite (HA) suspension is necessary. This research used the dip-coating method and added Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) into nanosized commercial HA to be suspensions (17%wt and 20%wt) to strengthen the adhesion of the coating. The specimens were heated at 800, 900, and 950°C to densify the layers. Bioactivity increased along with the increasing calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) ratio of the HA layers in the test specimens. The specimens were immersed in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF), namely Hank’s Solution, for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. ZrO2 added to the HA suspensions of Ti-6Al-4V ELI can increase the Ca/P ratio from 1.51 in the first immersion week to 1.62 in the fourth. The bioactivity level is also proven by the accumulation of calcium and phosphate on the surface of the coating. The Ca/P value close to the Ca/P ratio of HA of 1.67 is good for improving the osseointegration process in the body.
{"title":"Improvement in Bioactivity Properties of Hydroxyapatite Coated Ti-6Al-4V ELI with Addition of Zirconium Oxide for Orthopaedic Implant","authors":"S. Ardhy, Gunawarman, J. Affi, Y. Yetri","doi":"10.4028/p-05a039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-05a039","url":null,"abstract":"One of factor causing the failure of Ti-6Al-4V Extra Low Interstitial (ELI)-based material implants, does not have bioactive properties in the implantation process, thus not supporting the osseointegration process in the body. For this reason, coating with hydroxyapatite (HA) suspension is necessary. This research used the dip-coating method and added Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) into nanosized commercial HA to be suspensions (17%wt and 20%wt) to strengthen the adhesion of the coating. The specimens were heated at 800, 900, and 950°C to densify the layers. Bioactivity increased along with the increasing calcium/phosphate (Ca/P) ratio of the HA layers in the test specimens. The specimens were immersed in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF), namely Hank’s Solution, for 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. ZrO2 added to the HA suspensions of Ti-6Al-4V ELI can increase the Ca/P ratio from 1.51 in the first immersion week to 1.62 in the fourth. The bioactivity level is also proven by the accumulation of calcium and phosphate on the surface of the coating. The Ca/P value close to the Ca/P ratio of HA of 1.67 is good for improving the osseointegration process in the body.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"81 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45711308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) were successfully synthesized from aloe vera extract and zinc sulphate as zinc precursor. Characterizations of the ZnO-NP were performed using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, XRD, FESEM and TEM analysis. The absorption peak from UV–Vis was at 380 nm while the XRD diagram displays high purity ZnO-NP. FESEM and TEM analysis showed agglomerated particles with a wide size distribution range. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotype 0.0 generated a product with the size of 230 bp similar to in silico PCR results, verifying the pathotype on molecular level. Subsequently, the antimicrobial activities of the ZnO-NP against Xoo pathotype 0.0 were assessed. Xoo (108 cfu/ml) were grown in LB broth supplemented with various concentrations of ZnO-NP. Collection of samples were done at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours of incubation, grown on LB agar and observed for bacterial growth. Colony forming unit (cfu/ml) values revealed the number of viable cells decreased with high concentrations of ZnO-NP whereas minimal inhibition was observed at lower ZnO-NP concentrations. At lower bacteria cfu/ml (103 cfu/ml), it was found that at 24 hours incubation, ZnO-NP gave comparable antibacterial effects to commercial ZnO-NP and commercial non-nanoZnO after exposure for 1 hour. However, the antimicrobial effects decreased after 48 hours. It was also noted that the ZnO-NP provide better suppression of bacterial growth at lower bacterial concentration.
{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of Antibacterial Properties of Biogenically Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Pathogenic Paddy Bacteria","authors":"Rafidah Abd Rahman, C. Chia, N. A. Masdor","doi":"10.4028/p-cu9pvj","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-cu9pvj","url":null,"abstract":"Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) were successfully synthesized from aloe vera extract and zinc sulphate as zinc precursor. Characterizations of the ZnO-NP were performed using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, XRD, FESEM and TEM analysis. The absorption peak from UV–Vis was at 380 nm while the XRD diagram displays high purity ZnO-NP. FESEM and TEM analysis showed agglomerated particles with a wide size distribution range. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) pathotype 0.0 generated a product with the size of 230 bp similar to in silico PCR results, verifying the pathotype on molecular level. Subsequently, the antimicrobial activities of the ZnO-NP against Xoo pathotype 0.0 were assessed. Xoo (108 cfu/ml) were grown in LB broth supplemented with various concentrations of ZnO-NP. Collection of samples were done at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours of incubation, grown on LB agar and observed for bacterial growth. Colony forming unit (cfu/ml) values revealed the number of viable cells decreased with high concentrations of ZnO-NP whereas minimal inhibition was observed at lower ZnO-NP concentrations. At lower bacteria cfu/ml (103 cfu/ml), it was found that at 24 hours incubation, ZnO-NP gave comparable antibacterial effects to commercial ZnO-NP and commercial non-nanoZnO after exposure for 1 hour. However, the antimicrobial effects decreased after 48 hours. It was also noted that the ZnO-NP provide better suppression of bacterial growth at lower bacterial concentration.","PeriodicalId":15161,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering","volume":"59 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46570602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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