Laura de la Cruz-Castillejo, Robert Cassidy, Konstantina Mitsi, Carles Galià-Camps, Ana Benítez-López, Carlota Gracia-Sancha, Jose Lorente-Sorolla, Almudena Álvarez-Fernández, Rocío Mozo, Stephen Kolomyjec, Scott Nichols, Renata Manconi, Raquel Pereira, Karen Evans, Valeria Itskovich, April L. Horton, Sally P. Leys, Sergi Taboada, Ana Riesgo
Aim
Genetic connectivity and local adaptation were examined across the distribution of the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri. Because it occupies an exceptional breadth of freshwater environments across a broad geographic range, this species offers key insights into biogeographic processes shaping genetic structure and adaptation in inland waters.
Location
Freshwater habitats across North America, Europe and Asia.
Taxon
Freshwater sponges (Porifera, order Spongillida).
Methods
A total of 106 individuals were sampled from 11 localities across three continents. Double-digest RADseq was used to generate genome-wide SNP data, resulting in 3114 putatively neutral SNPs for analyses of population structure and connectivity and 115 candidate SNPs potentially under selection for assessing signatures of local adaptation to environmental variables such as light and temperature.
Results
Neutral loci revealed low connectivity and strong genetic differentiation among regions, with two major genetic clusters corresponding to North America and Eurasia. Loci under selection indicated polygenic adaptation to environmental gradients of light and temperature and evidence of selection on gene regulatory processes. Patterns of genetic structure are consistent with the monopolisation hypothesis, suggesting that historical processes, particularly range shifts and barriers associated with the Last Glacial Maximum, have had a stronger influence on current genetic structure than ongoing gene flow.
Main Conclusions
Ephydatia muelleri populations show limited dispersal and strong historical imprints on genetic structure but also exhibit adaptive responses to local environmental variation. These findings highlight how monopolisation and historical climatic events shape freshwater invertebrate biogeography. Our study provides new insights into dispersal pathways, genetic plasticity and the resilience of freshwater sponges, with implications for the conservation of freshwater ecosystems.
{"title":"Genomic Connectivity and Adaptation Signals of the Freshwater Sponge Ephydatia muelleri Across Its Distribution","authors":"Laura de la Cruz-Castillejo, Robert Cassidy, Konstantina Mitsi, Carles Galià-Camps, Ana Benítez-López, Carlota Gracia-Sancha, Jose Lorente-Sorolla, Almudena Álvarez-Fernández, Rocío Mozo, Stephen Kolomyjec, Scott Nichols, Renata Manconi, Raquel Pereira, Karen Evans, Valeria Itskovich, April L. Horton, Sally P. Leys, Sergi Taboada, Ana Riesgo","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic connectivity and local adaptation were examined across the distribution of the freshwater sponge <i>Ephydatia muelleri</i>. Because it occupies an exceptional breadth of freshwater environments across a broad geographic range, this species offers key insights into biogeographic processes shaping genetic structure and adaptation in inland waters.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Freshwater habitats across North America, Europe and Asia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Freshwater sponges (Porifera, order Spongillida).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 106 individuals were sampled from 11 localities across three continents. Double-digest RADseq was used to generate genome-wide SNP data, resulting in 3114 putatively neutral SNPs for analyses of population structure and connectivity and 115 candidate SNPs potentially under selection for assessing signatures of local adaptation to environmental variables such as light and temperature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neutral loci revealed low connectivity and strong genetic differentiation among regions, with two major genetic clusters corresponding to North America and Eurasia. Loci under selection indicated polygenic adaptation to environmental gradients of light and temperature and evidence of selection on gene regulatory processes. Patterns of genetic structure are consistent with the monopolisation hypothesis, suggesting that historical processes, particularly range shifts and barriers associated with the Last Glacial Maximum, have had a stronger influence on current genetic structure than ongoing gene flow.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ephydatia muelleri</i> populations show limited dispersal and strong historical imprints on genetic structure but also exhibit adaptive responses to local environmental variation. These findings highlight how monopolisation and historical climatic events shape freshwater invertebrate biogeography. Our study provides new insights into dispersal pathways, genetic plasticity and the resilience of freshwater sponges, with implications for the conservation of freshwater ecosystems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146136876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iris Menéndez, Ana Rosa Gómez Cano, Juan L. Cantalapiedra, Fernando Blanco, Sara Gamboa, Jonathan S. Pelegrin, Emilia Galli, Álvaro Quesada, María Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra, Manuel Hernández Fernández
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Habitat breadth shapes species' responses to environmental change and influences large-scale biodiversity patterns. According to Vrba's resource-use hypothesis, biome specialists (inhabiting a single biome) exhibit higher speciation rates than generalists due to increased population isolation during habitat fragmentation, generally associated with past climate changes, particularly in biomes at extremes of the global climatic gradient. However, the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of biome specialists remains poorly understood. Here, we use squirrels to assess whether: (1) clades accumulate more specialist species than expected by chance, (2) this accumulation is associated with biomes at the extremes of the climatic gradient (tropical rainforest, subtropical desert, steppe and tundra), (3) habitat specialisation relates to geographic patterns of phylogenetic diversity and (4) species-level recent speciation rates.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Global.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxon</h3> <p>Squirrels (Sciuridae, Rodentia).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We compared observed biome specialisation indices (BSI) of species to MCMC-generated null distributions. We then mapped global patterns of specialist and generalist richness, phylogenetic diversity and recent species-level speciation rates.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Squirrels include more biome specialists than expected under a null model that randomises biome occupancy, supporting the resource-use hypothesis. Tropical rainforests and steppes harboured more specialists than expected, whereas deserts and tundra did not, the latter likely due to their low species richness. Regions with high specialist richness (e.g., Southeast Asia) exhibited lower levels of phylogenetic diversity, consistent with Miocene speciation. In contrast, high recent speciation occurred in Holarctic steppes and South America, likely reflecting Pleistocene glacial radiations and post-Panamanian colonisation, respectively.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>During periods of climatic change, the origin of new specialist lineages through rapid speciation led to specialist-dominated and phylogenetically clustered faunas, particularly in fragmented biomes. However, recent speciation rates reflect emerging rather tha
{"title":"Biome Specialisation in Squirrels: Phylogenetic and Geographic Patterns","authors":"Iris Menéndez, Ana Rosa Gómez Cano, Juan L. Cantalapiedra, Fernando Blanco, Sara Gamboa, Jonathan S. Pelegrin, Emilia Galli, Álvaro Quesada, María Ángeles Álvarez-Sierra, Manuel Hernández Fernández","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70154","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Habitat breadth shapes species' responses to environmental change and influences large-scale biodiversity patterns. According to Vrba's resource-use hypothesis, biome specialists (inhabiting a single biome) exhibit higher speciation rates than generalists due to increased population isolation during habitat fragmentation, generally associated with past climate changes, particularly in biomes at extremes of the global climatic gradient. However, the phylogenetic and geographic distribution of biome specialists remains poorly understood. Here, we use squirrels to assess whether: (1) clades accumulate more specialist species than expected by chance, (2) this accumulation is associated with biomes at the extremes of the climatic gradient (tropical rainforest, subtropical desert, steppe and tundra), (3) habitat specialisation relates to geographic patterns of phylogenetic diversity and (4) species-level recent speciation rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Squirrels (Sciuridae, Rodentia).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compared observed biome specialisation indices (BSI) of species to MCMC-generated null distributions. We then mapped global patterns of specialist and generalist richness, phylogenetic diversity and recent species-level speciation rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Squirrels include more biome specialists than expected under a null model that randomises biome occupancy, supporting the resource-use hypothesis. Tropical rainforests and steppes harboured more specialists than expected, whereas deserts and tundra did not, the latter likely due to their low species richness. Regions with high specialist richness (e.g., Southeast Asia) exhibited lower levels of phylogenetic diversity, consistent with Miocene speciation. In contrast, high recent speciation occurred in Holarctic steppes and South America, likely reflecting Pleistocene glacial radiations and post-Panamanian colonisation, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During periods of climatic change, the origin of new specialist lineages through rapid speciation led to specialist-dominated and phylogenetically clustered faunas, particularly in fragmented biomes. However, recent speciation rates reflect emerging rather tha","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146136631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathan G. Kiel, Jordon C. Tourville, Jay W. Wason, Martin Dovciak
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>As climate warms, contemporary tree regeneration patterns will affect future forest composition. Yet the factors influencing forest regeneration across environmental gradients remain difficult to disentangle. We studied how conspecific canopy tree dominance (as a proxy for seed availability) interacts with microsite factors along elevational climatic gradients to affect regeneration patterns and recruitment limitations across temperate deciduous and montane boreal forests.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Adirondack and Appalachian Mountains (NY, VT, NH, and ME), USA.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxa</h3> <p><i>Abies balsamea, Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis, B. papyrifera var. cordifolia, Fagus grandifolia,</i> and <i>Picea rubens</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We measured overstory tree dominance (via species-specific basal area), understory seedling abundance, and microsite factors (e.g., understory vegetation cover, canopy openness) across elevation on ten mountains. Generalised linear regression models were fit to quantify the importance of conspecific tree basal area (representing seed availability), microsite factors, and their interaction on recruitment for each species along elevational climatic gradients.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Seedling abundance increased with greater conspecific adult basal area (i.e., overstory-understory relationships were positive) for all species except the shade-intolerant and wind-dispersed <i>B. papyrifera var. cordifolia</i>. Sparse understory vegetation amplified positive overstory-understory relationships for <i>A. saccharum</i> and <i>B. alleghaniensis</i>, while closed canopies dampened them for the shade-intolerant <i>B. alleghaniensis</i> and <i>B. papyrifera var. cordifolia</i>. The positive overstory-understory relationship for <i>F. grandifolia</i> was weaker in warmer microclimates, while that for the shade-tolerant <i>A. balsamea</i> was greater under closed canopies, likely owing to seedling banks.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Nearly ubiquitous positive overstory-understory relationships indicated that local conspecific adult tree dominance drives recruitment (likely through seed dispersal) as expected. However, microsite conditions interacted with overstory basal area and modified these overstory-understory relationships differently for each species to either inhibit or facilitate tree recruitment. Th
{"title":"Conspecific Adult Dominance Interacts With Microsite Factors to Influence Forest Regeneration Patterns Across Elevation","authors":"Nathan G. Kiel, Jordon C. Tourville, Jay W. Wason, Martin Dovciak","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As climate warms, contemporary tree regeneration patterns will affect future forest composition. Yet the factors influencing forest regeneration across environmental gradients remain difficult to disentangle. We studied how conspecific canopy tree dominance (as a proxy for seed availability) interacts with microsite factors along elevational climatic gradients to affect regeneration patterns and recruitment limitations across temperate deciduous and montane boreal forests.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adirondack and Appalachian Mountains (NY, VT, NH, and ME), USA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Abies balsamea, Acer saccharum, Betula alleghaniensis, B. papyrifera var. cordifolia, Fagus grandifolia,</i> and <i>Picea rubens</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We measured overstory tree dominance (via species-specific basal area), understory seedling abundance, and microsite factors (e.g., understory vegetation cover, canopy openness) across elevation on ten mountains. Generalised linear regression models were fit to quantify the importance of conspecific tree basal area (representing seed availability), microsite factors, and their interaction on recruitment for each species along elevational climatic gradients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seedling abundance increased with greater conspecific adult basal area (i.e., overstory-understory relationships were positive) for all species except the shade-intolerant and wind-dispersed <i>B. papyrifera var. cordifolia</i>. Sparse understory vegetation amplified positive overstory-understory relationships for <i>A. saccharum</i> and <i>B. alleghaniensis</i>, while closed canopies dampened them for the shade-intolerant <i>B. alleghaniensis</i> and <i>B. papyrifera var. cordifolia</i>. The positive overstory-understory relationship for <i>F. grandifolia</i> was weaker in warmer microclimates, while that for the shade-tolerant <i>A. balsamea</i> was greater under closed canopies, likely owing to seedling banks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nearly ubiquitous positive overstory-understory relationships indicated that local conspecific adult tree dominance drives recruitment (likely through seed dispersal) as expected. However, microsite conditions interacted with overstory basal area and modified these overstory-understory relationships differently for each species to either inhibit or facilitate tree recruitment. Th","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146130183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Hernández, Francisco Arenas, Ines Haberle, Laura Rodríguez, Francisco Carreño, Brezo D. C. Martínez
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Using correlative species distribution models (SDMs) to predict species' range shifts may have limited predictive power when extrapolating into climatic conditions outside those used to train the models. The inclusion of physiological responses to add mechanistic knowledge can increase the reliability of predictions, but it is seldom applied. The objective of this study was to demonstrate this approach with two coexisting and potentially competing macroalgae in Europe and North America—the native <i>Chondrus crispus</i> and the invasive <i>Grateloupia turuturu—</i>and discuss the implications in broader biological and ecological contexts.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Worldwide.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Time Period</h3> <p>2000–2014 and 2090–2100.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3> <p>Marine macroalgae.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We (i) developed SDMs from distributional records aiming to represent the realised niche of <i>C. crispus</i> and <i>G</i>. <i>turuturu</i>; (ii) provided an experimental proxy of thermal fundamental niche by determining growth and survival thermal physiological thresholds (PTs), using it to project the worldwide distribution of the selected macroalgae; and (iii) combined both approaches into a hybrid one derived from the SDM habitat suitability projections post-filtered with the PTs excluding thermally unsuitable areas.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Hybrid projections detected and corrected extrapolations of SDMs in areas outside the fundamental niche of thermal tolerance of species, with greater restrictions for the native <i>C. crispus</i> due to its lower upper thermal PT compared to the invasive <i>G</i>. <i>turuturu</i>. Both species are expected to experience future distribution changes and move towards the poles. However, because the invasive species presents a wider thermal niche unfilling state, its potential northward range shift at southern latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere will be smaller.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p>Habitat suitability projections were more realistic and complete with the correction of the SDMs with the PTs into hybrid projections than those obtained from
{"title":"Hybrid Projections Improve Prediction of Distributional Shifts of Invasive and Native Seaweeds Under Climate Change","authors":"Sandra Hernández, Francisco Arenas, Ines Haberle, Laura Rodríguez, Francisco Carreño, Brezo D. C. Martínez","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using correlative species distribution models (SDMs) to predict species' range shifts may have limited predictive power when extrapolating into climatic conditions outside those used to train the models. The inclusion of physiological responses to add mechanistic knowledge can increase the reliability of predictions, but it is seldom applied. The objective of this study was to demonstrate this approach with two coexisting and potentially competing macroalgae in Europe and North America—the native <i>Chondrus crispus</i> and the invasive <i>Grateloupia turuturu—</i>and discuss the implications in broader biological and ecological contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Time Period</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>2000–2014 and 2090–2100.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Major Taxa Studied</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Marine macroalgae.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We (i) developed SDMs from distributional records aiming to represent the realised niche of <i>C. crispus</i> and <i>G</i>. <i>turuturu</i>; (ii) provided an experimental proxy of thermal fundamental niche by determining growth and survival thermal physiological thresholds (PTs), using it to project the worldwide distribution of the selected macroalgae; and (iii) combined both approaches into a hybrid one derived from the SDM habitat suitability projections post-filtered with the PTs excluding thermally unsuitable areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hybrid projections detected and corrected extrapolations of SDMs in areas outside the fundamental niche of thermal tolerance of species, with greater restrictions for the native <i>C. crispus</i> due to its lower upper thermal PT compared to the invasive <i>G</i>. <i>turuturu</i>. Both species are expected to experience future distribution changes and move towards the poles. However, because the invasive species presents a wider thermal niche unfilling state, its potential northward range shift at southern latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere will be smaller.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Habitat suitability projections were more realistic and complete with the correction of the SDMs with the PTs into hybrid projections than those obtained from ","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Barbora Pavlíčková, Pedro Tarroso, Zbyszek Boratyński, Anna Bryjová, Josef Bryja
Aim
Understanding the distribution and genetic structure of African mammals is key to reconstructing the continent's evolutionary history. While some parts of the continent (e.g., lowlands, mountain forests or savannah biomes) are now relatively well-studied, arid regions remain underexplored despite offering unique insights into adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. This study aimed to reconstruct phylogeographic patterns and past-to-future distributional dynamics of two gerbil genera—Pachyuromys and Desmodilliscus.
Location
North Africa, including the Sahara Desert and the Sahel.
Taxon
Two gerbil species from two sister monotypic genera: Pachyuromys duprasi Lataste, 1880 (Northern Sahara) and Desmodilliscus braueri von Wettstein, 1916 (Sahel region).
Methods
Using the most comprehensive available dataset, we examined mitochondrial markers (CYTB and COI) and built ecological niche models across past (Last Glacial Maximum, Mid-Holocene), present and future climate scenarios to investigate genetic structure and potential distributional shifts of both species.
Results
Desmodilliscus braueri exhibits a marked East–West phylogeographic structure, influenced by barriers such as the Niger River and Paleolake Chad. In contrast, Pachyuromys duprasi has genetically divergent populations in Egypt (which may be affected by a sampling gap in central-northern Sahara), but no broader spatial structure in its regions. Niche models suggest range contractions and expansions linked to climatic oscillations for both species. The predicted distribution of Pachyuromys reflects distribution area pulses, aligning with pulses in the extent of the Sahara.
Main Conclusions
Our findings emphasise the evolutionary significance of arid zones and the need for further research on species' responses to desertification and climate-driven range shifts. The contrasting patterns between the two species underscore different evolutionary trajectories in different taxa living in arid and semi-arid environments.
目的了解非洲哺乳动物的分布和遗传结构是重建非洲大陆进化史的关键。虽然非洲大陆的某些地区（如低地、山林或草原生物群落）现在已经得到了相对充分的研究，但干旱地区仍然没有得到充分的探索，尽管它提供了适应极端环境条件的独特见解。本研究旨在重建两个沙鼠属（pachyuromys和Desmodilliscus）的系统地理格局和过去到未来的分布动态。地点：北非，包括撒哈拉沙漠和萨赫勒地区。分类群两个单型姐妹属沙鼠的两种：Pachyuromys duprasi Lataste， 1880（北撒哈拉）和Desmodilliscus braueri von Wettstein， 1916（萨赫勒地区）。方法利用现有最全面的数据集，研究了线粒体标记（CYTB和COI），并建立了过去（末次冰期极大期、中全新世）、现在和未来气候情景的生态位模型，以研究这两个物种的遗传结构和潜在的分布变化。结果受尼日尔河和古乍得湖等屏障的影响，布氏假丝霉具有明显的东西系统地理结构。相比之下，埃及的Pachyuromys duprasi在遗传上存在差异（这可能受到撒哈拉中北部采样差距的影响），但在其区域内没有更广泛的空间结构。生态位模型表明，这两种物种的活动范围的缩小和扩大与气候波动有关。Pachyuromys的预测分布反映了分布区域的脉冲，与撒哈拉地区的脉冲一致。本研究结果强调了干旱区物种对沙漠化和气候驱动范围变化的响应的进化意义和进一步研究的必要性。这两个物种之间的对比模式强调了不同分类群在干旱和半干旱环境下的不同进化轨迹。
{"title":"Life at the Edge (of the Sahara): Evolutionary History of Two Understudied Genera of African Gerbils","authors":"Barbora Pavlíčková, Pedro Tarroso, Zbyszek Boratyński, Anna Bryjová, Josef Bryja","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70144","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the distribution and genetic structure of African mammals is key to reconstructing the continent's evolutionary history. While some parts of the continent (e.g., lowlands, mountain forests or savannah biomes) are now relatively well-studied, arid regions remain underexplored despite offering unique insights into adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. This study aimed to reconstruct phylogeographic patterns and past-to-future distributional dynamics of two gerbil genera—<i>Pachyuromys</i> and <i>Desmodilliscus</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>North Africa, including the Sahara Desert and the Sahel.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two gerbil species from two sister monotypic genera: <i>Pachyuromys duprasi</i> Lataste, 1880 (Northern Sahara) and <i>Desmodilliscus braueri</i> von Wettstein, 1916 (Sahel region).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using the most comprehensive available dataset, we examined mitochondrial markers (<i>CYTB</i> and <i>COI</i>) and built ecological niche models across past (Last Glacial Maximum, Mid-Holocene), present and future climate scenarios to investigate genetic structure and potential distributional shifts of both species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Desmodilliscus braueri</i> exhibits a marked East–West phylogeographic structure, influenced by barriers such as the Niger River and Paleolake Chad. In contrast, <i>Pachyuromys duprasi</i> has genetically divergent populations in Egypt (which may be affected by a sampling gap in central-northern Sahara), but no broader spatial structure in its regions. Niche models suggest range contractions and expansions linked to climatic oscillations for both species. The predicted distribution of <i>Pachyuromys</i> reflects distribution area pulses, aligning with pulses in the extent of the Sahara.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings emphasise the evolutionary significance of arid zones and the need for further research on species' responses to desertification and climate-driven range shifts. The contrasting patterns between the two species underscore different evolutionary trajectories in different taxa living in arid and semi-arid environments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>It is usually assumed that low biodiversity of arid regions is due to the inability of most lineages to adapt to their low/unreliable rainfall. However, species requiring fire-stimulated seed-dormancy release are also at a fitness disadvantage in deserts that rarely burn. We hypothesized that a hard-seeded, temperate-climate genus is not absent from Australia's deserts because it is insufficiently adapted to aridity but that the dearth of fire means its germination requirements cannot be met.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>Earth, mainly Australia.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxa</h3> <p>Many fire-prone and fire-free clades, with <i>Cryptandra</i> (Rhamnaceae) as a case study.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We document clades with/lacking fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release and compare their occurrences under different climates and degrees of fire exposure. We compare drought-related traits of <i>Cryptandra</i> species in southwestern Australia with matched species in Central Australia. Grid cells were overlain onto maps to document co-occurrences of Cryptandras and climate type/vegetation cover/rainfall reliability and fire activity, and a distribution model was created. The phylogenetic signal was quantified, and ancestral trait reconstruction was undertaken for that part of the Rhamnaceae bearing Cryptandras.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Species fire-proneness peaks at intermediate levels of aridity. A sample of eight worldwide lineages is drought-adapted but not fire-dependent and thus colonises arid regions; 23 clades with fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release possess species that no longer require fire and have migrated into arid regions; and eight clades, where non-fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release has not evolved, remain in fire-prone regions, despite apparent arid-tolerant traits. Leaf/stem/habitat traits of selected Cryptandras appear as drought-tolerant as matched species in arid Australia. Abundance of fire-dependent Cryptandras in Western Australia is greatest in the well-vegetated zones with a mediterranean climate and rare/absent in the fire-free deserts.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Many xeromorphic clades with fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release in temperate/(sub)tropical regions possess recent sister lineages with non-fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release in arid regions, whereas others appear incapable of evolving lineages that no longer benef
{"title":"The Scourge of Phylogenetic Constraints—Are Many Xeromorphic Clades Absent From Arid Regions as Deserts Are Fire-Free?","authors":"Byron B. Lamont, Tianhua He","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It is usually assumed that low biodiversity of arid regions is due to the inability of most lineages to adapt to their low/unreliable rainfall. However, species requiring fire-stimulated seed-dormancy release are also at a fitness disadvantage in deserts that rarely burn. We hypothesized that a hard-seeded, temperate-climate genus is not absent from Australia's deserts because it is insufficiently adapted to aridity but that the dearth of fire means its germination requirements cannot be met.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Earth, mainly Australia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many fire-prone and fire-free clades, with <i>Cryptandra</i> (Rhamnaceae) as a case study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We document clades with/lacking fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release and compare their occurrences under different climates and degrees of fire exposure. We compare drought-related traits of <i>Cryptandra</i> species in southwestern Australia with matched species in Central Australia. Grid cells were overlain onto maps to document co-occurrences of Cryptandras and climate type/vegetation cover/rainfall reliability and fire activity, and a distribution model was created. The phylogenetic signal was quantified, and ancestral trait reconstruction was undertaken for that part of the Rhamnaceae bearing Cryptandras.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species fire-proneness peaks at intermediate levels of aridity. A sample of eight worldwide lineages is drought-adapted but not fire-dependent and thus colonises arid regions; 23 clades with fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release possess species that no longer require fire and have migrated into arid regions; and eight clades, where non-fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release has not evolved, remain in fire-prone regions, despite apparent arid-tolerant traits. Leaf/stem/habitat traits of selected Cryptandras appear as drought-tolerant as matched species in arid Australia. Abundance of fire-dependent Cryptandras in Western Australia is greatest in the well-vegetated zones with a mediterranean climate and rare/absent in the fire-free deserts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many xeromorphic clades with fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release in temperate/(sub)tropical regions possess recent sister lineages with non-fire-stimulated-seed-dormancy release in arid regions, whereas others appear incapable of evolving lineages that no longer benef","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dung beetles perform key ecosystem functions in forests; however, their assemblage structure in temperate Asia is not well understood. This study investigated dung beetle assemblages across 18 forests in Japan to identify their patterns and the environmental variables influencing them.
Location
Japan.
Taxon
Forest dung beetles (Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae).
Methods
We surveyed dung beetle assemblages in 18 forests spanning broad climatic and environmental gradients. Taxonomic metrics included species richness, abundance, and species composition; functional metrics included the community-weighted mean (CWM) body mass and functional dispersion (FDis) of body length and mass. Environmental variables included mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation, soil properties, plant traits and sika deer presence.
Results
Generalised linear model analyses showed that MAT had a significant influence, with colder sites dominated by the large-bodied Phelotrupes laevistriatus, resulting in higher CWM body mass. Soil pH was negatively associated with dung beetle abundance, and deer presence tended to increase abundance, although effects varied among sites. FDis of dung beetles showed no significant associations with environmental variables, and plant traits were unrelated to any dung beetle metrics. Species composition also varied with MAT, soil pH and deer presence.
Main Conclusion
Climate, soil conditions, and deer presence are important factors shaping dung beetle assemblages in Japanese forests. These factors, together with future climate warming, may influence the assemblage composition and the functional roles of dung beetles in dung decomposition.
{"title":"Characterisation of Dung Beetle Assemblages Across a Wide Range of Forests in Japan","authors":"Keiko Kishimoto-Yamada, Takuo Hishi, Hiroko Kurokawa, Fujio Hyodo","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dung beetles perform key ecosystem functions in forests; however, their assemblage structure in temperate Asia is not well understood. This study investigated dung beetle assemblages across 18 forests in Japan to identify their patterns and the environmental variables influencing them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forest dung beetles (Geotrupidae, Scarabaeidae).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We surveyed dung beetle assemblages in 18 forests spanning broad climatic and environmental gradients. Taxonomic metrics included species richness, abundance, and species composition; functional metrics included the community-weighted mean (CWM) body mass and functional dispersion (FDis) of body length and mass. Environmental variables included mean annual temperature (MAT), mean annual precipitation, soil properties, plant traits and sika deer presence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Generalised linear model analyses showed that MAT had a significant influence, with colder sites dominated by the large-bodied <i>Phelotrupes laevistriatus</i>, resulting in higher CWM body mass. Soil pH was negatively associated with dung beetle abundance, and deer presence tended to increase abundance, although effects varied among sites. FDis of dung beetles showed no significant associations with environmental variables, and plant traits were unrelated to any dung beetle metrics. Species composition also varied with MAT, soil pH and deer presence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate, soil conditions, and deer presence are important factors shaping dung beetle assemblages in Japanese forests. These factors, together with future climate warming, may influence the assemblage composition and the functional roles of dung beetles in dung decomposition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sophie G. Dauerman, Chase D. Brownstein, Lan Wei, Anri Chomentowska, Patrick W. Sweeney, Erika J. Edwards
Aim
The Andes are a global biodiversity hotspot, and the formation of this mountain range is linked to the rapid diversification of many lineages across the Tree of Life. The high species richness of the Andes might also act as a reservoir for lineages to disperse across the South American continent. Recent syntheses of Andean geological history and the accumulation of phylogenetic studies of different Andean clades present an opportunity for a synthesis of the historical biogeography of the Andean biota.
Location
The Andes.
Taxon
All taxonomic groups.
Methods
We conducted a meta-analysis of phylogenetic studies, scoring disjunction events within and out of the Andes inferred from biogeographic reconstructions.
Results
We show that, across time and clades, dispersals among regions in the Andes are approximately as common as dispersals out of the Andes. The greatest number of extra-Andean disjunctions originated from the northern Andes, even though the northern section of this mountain range is the most recently uplifted. There has been continued bi-directional movement within the Andes over the last 50 million years. Dispersals northward occur at a slightly, but significantly, greater rate than dispersals southward. Andean plant crown clades tended to be older than animal crown clades, which almost exclusively originate in the last 30 million years.
Main Conclusions
Our findings reveal that the Andes have equally acted as a reservoir and a corridor of biodiversity across clades with widely divergent dispersal strategies.
{"title":"Corridors and Reservoirs: An Analysis of Inter-Andean Historical Biogeography","authors":"Sophie G. Dauerman, Chase D. Brownstein, Lan Wei, Anri Chomentowska, Patrick W. Sweeney, Erika J. Edwards","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Andes are a global biodiversity hotspot, and the formation of this mountain range is linked to the rapid diversification of many lineages across the Tree of Life. The high species richness of the Andes might also act as a reservoir for lineages to disperse across the South American continent. Recent syntheses of Andean geological history and the accumulation of phylogenetic studies of different Andean clades present an opportunity for a synthesis of the historical biogeography of the Andean biota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Andes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All taxonomic groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a meta-analysis of phylogenetic studies, scoring disjunction events within and out of the Andes inferred from biogeographic reconstructions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show that, across time and clades, dispersals among regions in the Andes are approximately as common as dispersals out of the Andes. The greatest number of extra-Andean disjunctions originated from the northern Andes, even though the northern section of this mountain range is the most recently uplifted. There has been continued bi-directional movement within the Andes over the last 50 million years. Dispersals northward occur at a slightly, but significantly, greater rate than dispersals southward. Andean plant crown clades tended to be older than animal crown clades, which almost exclusively originate in the last 30 million years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings reveal that the Andes have equally acted as a reservoir and a corridor of biodiversity across clades with widely divergent dispersal strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex D. Potash, L. Mike Conner, Marcus Lashley, Michael Cherry, Andrew J. Edelman, Elina Garrison, Daniel U. Greene, William Gulsby, Matthew T. Hallett, David S. Jachowski, Paul Taillie, Robert A. McCleery
Aim
To investigate effects of anthropogenic development at regional and landscape scales on the distributions of mid-trophic level mammalian predators (mesopredators) across the southeastern United States.
Location
The study area encompasses seven ecoregions across a large portion of the southeastern United States.
Taxon
Mammalian mesopredators.
Methods
We compiled trail camera data from 21 studies across the southeastern United States and used occupancy modelling to assess mesopredator distributions and account for heterogeneous detection probabilities. We examined drivers of occupancy at regional and landscape scales. At the regional scale, we assessed occupancy patterns across ecoregions differing in topography, productivity, and human population growth. At the landscape scale, we analysed the influence of land cover types (forest, developed, agriculture) and non-native coyote (Canis latrans) activity on occupancy.
Results
Regionally, mesopredator occurrence was highest in ecoregions characterised by low productivity and greater topographic variability. Common species (predicted occupancy ≥ 0.19) showed positive associations with developed and agricultural land covers, while less common species (predicted occupancy ≤ 0.10) showed negative associations or were too rare to model. Coyote activity had mixed effects, positively associated with some species while negatively associated with others.
Main Conclusions
Anthropogenic development affects mesopredator communities at both regional and landscape scales, favouring generalist species that are tolerant of human-modified landscapes.
{"title":"Biogeography and Anthropogenic Development Shape Mesopredator Distributions in a Rapidly Developing Region","authors":"Alex D. Potash, L. Mike Conner, Marcus Lashley, Michael Cherry, Andrew J. Edelman, Elina Garrison, Daniel U. Greene, William Gulsby, Matthew T. Hallett, David S. Jachowski, Paul Taillie, Robert A. McCleery","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate effects of anthropogenic development at regional and landscape scales on the distributions of mid-trophic level mammalian predators (mesopredators) across the southeastern United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study area encompasses seven ecoregions across a large portion of the southeastern United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mammalian mesopredators.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled trail camera data from 21 studies across the southeastern United States and used occupancy modelling to assess mesopredator distributions and account for heterogeneous detection probabilities. We examined drivers of occupancy at regional and landscape scales. At the regional scale, we assessed occupancy patterns across ecoregions differing in topography, productivity, and human population growth. At the landscape scale, we analysed the influence of land cover types (forest, developed, agriculture) and non-native coyote (<i>Canis latrans</i>) activity on occupancy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regionally, mesopredator occurrence was highest in ecoregions characterised by low productivity and greater topographic variability. Common species (predicted occupancy ≥ 0.19) showed positive associations with developed and agricultural land covers, while less common species (predicted occupancy ≤ 0.10) showed negative associations or were too rare to model. Coyote activity had mixed effects, positively associated with some species while negatively associated with others.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Anthropogenic development affects mesopredator communities at both regional and landscape scales, favouring generalist species that are tolerant of human-modified landscapes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pedro H. Pezzi, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis, Maribeth Latvis
<div> <section> <h3> Aim</h3> <p>Several mechanisms contribute to the plant biodiversity of the Neotropics, with the highlands of South America serving as important hotspots of diversity. In particular, the Brazilian highlands exhibit high biodiversity due to complex diversification dynamics and a mixture of contributions from different biomes. In this study, we reconstruct the timing and potential triggers of diversification of <i>Agalinis</i>, hemiparasitic plants that inhabit open grassland habitats, to investigate their biogeographic history and migration patterns across the Americas.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Location</h3> <p>North, Central and South America.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Taxon</h3> <p><i>Agalinis</i>.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>We reconstructed dated phylogenies of <i>Agalinis</i> using a secondary calibration approach, sampling 73% of the known species, including multiple species from the Andes and Brazilian highlands. We inferred ancestral distributions to understand migration patterns between North and South America and within South America. Additionally, we investigated shifts in diversification rates within the genus and reconstructed ancestral pollination syndrome and life-history strategy states. All analyses were performed across a distribution of trees to account for phylogenetic uncertainty.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p><i>Agalinis</i> likely originated in south-eastern North America during the early Miocene and rapidly diversified, followed by movement into South America in the Late Miocene or Early Pliocene. We propose two possible routes for <i>Agalinis</i> movement into South America: either through the Andes or via the South American lowland grasslands (e.g., Chaco, Pampas, Cerrado, Caatinga, Llanos), using grassland corridors for dispersal within the continent. After its arrival in South American highlands, the clade underwent rapid diversification. State reconstructions indicated that the genus had a bee-pollinated ancestor and that hummingbird pollination evolved only once, with many transitions back to bee pollination. In contrast, the perennial life strategy evolved multiple times within the genus, including at least once in the ancestor of all South American species and twice in the North American species.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Conclusions</h3> <p><i>Ag
{"title":"‘Dispersification’ of Agalinis (Orobanchaceae) Into South America Is Associated With Hummingbird Pollination and Perennial Life-History Shifts","authors":"Pedro H. Pezzi, Pamela S. Soltis, Douglas E. Soltis, Maribeth Latvis","doi":"10.1111/jbi.70143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.70143","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several mechanisms contribute to the plant biodiversity of the Neotropics, with the highlands of South America serving as important hotspots of diversity. In particular, the Brazilian highlands exhibit high biodiversity due to complex diversification dynamics and a mixture of contributions from different biomes. In this study, we reconstruct the timing and potential triggers of diversification of <i>Agalinis</i>, hemiparasitic plants that inhabit open grassland habitats, to investigate their biogeographic history and migration patterns across the Americas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>North, Central and South America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Agalinis</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We reconstructed dated phylogenies of <i>Agalinis</i> using a secondary calibration approach, sampling 73% of the known species, including multiple species from the Andes and Brazilian highlands. We inferred ancestral distributions to understand migration patterns between North and South America and within South America. Additionally, we investigated shifts in diversification rates within the genus and reconstructed ancestral pollination syndrome and life-history strategy states. All analyses were performed across a distribution of trees to account for phylogenetic uncertainty.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Agalinis</i> likely originated in south-eastern North America during the early Miocene and rapidly diversified, followed by movement into South America in the Late Miocene or Early Pliocene. We propose two possible routes for <i>Agalinis</i> movement into South America: either through the Andes or via the South American lowland grasslands (e.g., Chaco, Pampas, Cerrado, Caatinga, Llanos), using grassland corridors for dispersal within the continent. After its arrival in South American highlands, the clade underwent rapid diversification. State reconstructions indicated that the genus had a bee-pollinated ancestor and that hummingbird pollination evolved only once, with many transitions back to bee pollination. In contrast, the perennial life strategy evolved multiple times within the genus, including at least once in the ancestor of all South American species and twice in the North American species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ag","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.70143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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