Andrew V. Gougherty, Ashley D. Walters, Anantha Prasad, Matthew P. Peters, Stephen N. Matthews, Ian DeMerchant
Aim
Forest pathogens, insect pests and parasitic plants are among the most important disturbance agents in forested ecosystems. Understanding where pests occur and where they might occur in the future will be important for understanding their impacts on host trees, and planning for future pest outbreaks.
Location
North America.
Taxon
Insect pests, pathogens and parasitic plants of forest trees.
Methods
Here, we develop and implement a framework to predict the contemporary distributions of 26 pest species that accounts for climate, host abundance and, for non-native species, their spread on the landscape.
Results
We show that pest distributions can be predicted primarily by climatic variables. The abundance of individual host trees had only minor explanatory power, but the summed total of host abundance frequently had greater importance—suggesting forest composition and the relative frequency of hosts and non-hosts place strong limits on pest distributions. Non-native pests were strongly impacted by the distance from their original discovery location in North America, which tended to interact with climate variables—suggesting most non-native pests are not yet at equilibrium with their potential climatic ranges in North America.
Main Conclusions
This work helps to clarify the generalised controls on pest distributions and provide a framework for predicting pest distributions in future climates.
{"title":"Climate, Host Abundance and Spread: Unravelling the Drivers of Forest Pest Distributions in North America","authors":"Andrew V. Gougherty, Ashley D. Walters, Anantha Prasad, Matthew P. Peters, Stephen N. Matthews, Ian DeMerchant","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.15004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forest pathogens, insect pests and parasitic plants are among the most important disturbance agents in forested ecosystems. Understanding where pests occur and where they might occur in the future will be important for understanding their impacts on host trees, and planning for future pest outbreaks.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>North America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Insect pests, pathogens and parasitic plants of forest trees.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we develop and implement a framework to predict the contemporary distributions of 26 pest species that accounts for climate, host abundance and, for non-native species, their spread on the landscape.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show that pest distributions can be predicted primarily by climatic variables. The abundance of individual host trees had only minor explanatory power, but the summed total of host abundance frequently had greater importance—suggesting forest composition and the relative frequency of hosts and non-hosts place strong limits on pest distributions. Non-native pests were strongly impacted by the distance from their original discovery location in North America, which tended to interact with climate variables—suggesting most non-native pests are not yet at equilibrium with their potential climatic ranges in North America.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work helps to clarify the generalised controls on pest distributions and provide a framework for predicting pest distributions in future climates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2498-2511"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matheus de T. Moroti, Alexander Skeels, Fernando R. da Silva, Diogo B. Provete
Aim
Two classes of mechanisms offer opposing explanations for biodiversity patterns: Equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics. While not necessarily mutually exclusive, studies investigating their relative support have shown mixed results. Thus, contrasting these mechanisms across multiple taxa in the same geographic area can provide valuable insights into their role in explaining different biodiversity facets. Here, we evaluated which variables representing these dynamics best explain functional and taxonomic diversity of four tetrapod clades in a global hotspot.
Location
Atlantic forest.
Taxon
Terrestrial vertebrates.
Methods
We used climate, primary productivity and topography heterogeneity as proxy for equilibrium dynamics, and diversification rate and assemblage age as proxy for nonequilibrium dynamics. After that, we used spatially explicit structural equation models based on generalised least squares models to test how species richness and trait diversity are influenced by these dynamics processes. Furthermore, we spatialized the variables for each group and tested whether they were congruent.
Results
Diversification rate was a strong positive driver of species richness and trait diversity, while climate was both an indirect and direct negative driver of richness and trait diversity. Furthermore, we found a congruent pattern of richness between endotherms, but not between ectotherms. In contrast, the spatial distribution of trait diversity, assemblage age and diversification rate was distinct for each group.
Main Conclusion
High diversification rates and climatic conditions played a key role in determining trait diversity and species richness. In addition, species richness and trait diversity responded to the same variables across tetrapod lineages but showed different spatial patterns. This supports the idea that both dynamics operate together to explain community assembly at a regional scale. Our findings suggest that the dichotomy between these two classes of mechanisms may not sufficiently explain diversity patterns in biodiverse and climatically complex environments such as the Atlantic Forest.
{"title":"Climate Interacts With Diversification Rate in Determining Species Richness and Trait Diversity of Tetrapods in a Global Hotspot","authors":"Matheus de T. Moroti, Alexander Skeels, Fernando R. da Silva, Diogo B. Provete","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15001","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.15001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two classes of mechanisms offer opposing explanations for biodiversity patterns: Equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics. While not necessarily mutually exclusive, studies investigating their relative support have shown mixed results. Thus, contrasting these mechanisms across multiple taxa in the same geographic area can provide valuable insights into their role in explaining different biodiversity facets. Here, we evaluated which variables representing these dynamics best explain functional and taxonomic diversity of four tetrapod clades in a global hotspot.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atlantic forest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Terrestrial vertebrates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used climate, primary productivity and topography heterogeneity as proxy for equilibrium dynamics, and diversification rate and assemblage age as proxy for nonequilibrium dynamics. After that, we used spatially explicit structural equation models based on generalised least squares models to test how species richness and trait diversity are influenced by these dynamics processes. Furthermore, we spatialized the variables for each group and tested whether they were congruent.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diversification rate was a strong positive driver of species richness and trait diversity, while climate was both an indirect and direct negative driver of richness and trait diversity. Furthermore, we found a congruent pattern of richness between endotherms, but not between ectotherms. In contrast, the spatial distribution of trait diversity, assemblage age and diversification rate was distinct for each group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High diversification rates and climatic conditions played a key role in determining trait diversity and species richness. In addition, species richness and trait diversity responded to the same variables across tetrapod lineages but showed different spatial patterns. This supports the idea that both dynamics operate together to explain community assembly at a regional scale. Our findings suggest that the dichotomy between these two classes of mechanisms may not sufficiently explain diversity patterns in biodiverse and climatically complex environments such as the Atlantic Forest.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2484-2497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yicheng Ren, Ziyi Xu, Manyu Li, Wenyu Dai, Jiechen Wang
Aim
Literature and fossil records document the long-term occurrence sites of large herbivorous mammals in China. These sites exhibit spatially uneven distribution, potentially reflecting constraints on the dispersal of large herbivorous mammals imposed by stable geomorphic factors. In this study, we examine the impact of landforms on the dispersal of four taxa of large herbivorous mammals across China.
Location
China.
Taxon
Rhinocerotidae, Elephantidae, Equus, Camelus.
Methods
We employed the Omniscape algorithm to create a connectivity model from geomorphic data (slope, elevation and ground cover), assessing the extent to which Chinese landforms obstruct large herbivore dispersal. This model utilised historical distribution sites to delineate barrier strips.
Results
Dispersal barriers show regional variation, segmenting China into four distinct regions. The Tibetan Plateau, Taklamakan Desert and Qinling Mountains constitute Region A, presenting the most significant barrier. Region B, characterised by dense, continuous mountain ranges and arid landforms in Northwest China, poses a secondary barrier. Region C, with fragmented mountain ranges in Southwest China, exhibits a diminished barrier effect. Region D features the eastern coastal plains with minimal geomorphic constraints.
Conclusions
The edge mountains of the Tibetan Plateau form a continuous barrier strip. The Qinling–Taihang–Yanshan mountain chain constitutes a discontinuous barrier strip. This is because the mountain chain belongs to two geological structural units and is eroded by rivers, creating many corridors.
目的 文献和化石记录了中国大型食草哺乳动物的长期出现地点。这些地点在空间上分布不均，可能反映了稳定地貌因素对大型食草哺乳动物扩散的限制。方法我们利用Omniscape算法从地貌数据（坡度、海拔和地面覆盖）中创建了一个连通性模型，评估了中国地貌对大型食草哺乳动物扩散的阻碍程度。该模型利用历史上的分布地点来划分障碍带。结果散布障碍显示出区域差异，将中国划分为四个不同的区域。青藏高原、塔克拉玛干沙漠和秦岭构成 A 区，是最重要的扩散屏障。B 区的特点是山脉密集、连绵不断，西北地区地形干旱，是次要屏障。C 区位于中国西南部，山脉支离破碎，屏障作用减弱。结论青藏高原的边缘山脉形成了一条连续的屏障带。秦岭-太行-燕山山系构成了不连续的屏障带。这是因为秦岭-太行-燕山山系分属两个地质构造单元，并受到河流侵蚀，形成了许多通道。
{"title":"How Geomorphology Maps the Dispersal Barriers of Large Herbivorous Mammals in China","authors":"Yicheng Ren, Ziyi Xu, Manyu Li, Wenyu Dai, Jiechen Wang","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15007","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.15007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Literature and fossil records document the long-term occurrence sites of large herbivorous mammals in China. These sites exhibit spatially uneven distribution, potentially reflecting constraints on the dispersal of large herbivorous mammals imposed by stable geomorphic factors. In this study, we examine the impact of landforms on the dispersal of four taxa of large herbivorous mammals across China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rhinocerotidae, Elephantidae, <i>Equus</i>, <i>Camelus.</i></p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We employed the Omniscape algorithm to create a connectivity model from geomorphic data (slope, elevation and ground cover), assessing the extent to which Chinese landforms obstruct large herbivore dispersal. This model utilised historical distribution sites to delineate barrier strips.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dispersal barriers show regional variation, segmenting China into four distinct regions. The Tibetan Plateau, Taklamakan Desert and Qinling Mountains constitute Region A, presenting the most significant barrier. Region B, characterised by dense, continuous mountain ranges and arid landforms in Northwest China, poses a secondary barrier. Region C, with fragmented mountain ranges in Southwest China, exhibits a diminished barrier effect. Region D features the eastern coastal plains with minimal geomorphic constraints.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The edge mountains of the Tibetan Plateau form a continuous barrier strip. The Qinling–Taihang–Yanshan mountain chain constitutes a discontinuous barrier strip. This is because the mountain chain belongs to two geological structural units and is eroded by rivers, creating many corridors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2512-2525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mirza Čengić, Emina Šunje, Lucio Bonato, Raoul Van Damme, Rob H. J. Lenders, Mark A. J. Huijbregts, Lada Lukić Bilela, Aafke M. Schipper
Aim
We aimed to assess potential climate change impacts on the distribution of a cold-adapted terrestrial amphibian that shows strong intraspecific differentiation.
Location
Alps and Dinarides.
Taxon
Alpine salamander (Salamandra atra).
Methods
We built SDMs for each of two major intraspecific lineages (S. a. atra, which is found throughout the Northern Alps, and S. a. prenjensis, which appears sparsely along the Dinarides) and for the entire species, using occurrence points from a carefully curated database, climate data with 1 km2 spatial resolution and eight modelling techniques. We projected climatically suitable areas to 2070 under two climate scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5), using 24 general circulation models.
Results
For S. a. atra, under RCP2.6 scenario, we detected a 3% increase in the extent of climatically suitable areas in the Alps (although with low model agreement), yet a 6% decrease under the RCP8.5 scenario. For S. a. prenjensis, we detected a decrease in the extent of climatically suitable areas in the Dinarides between 7% and 45% (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, respectively). The SDM predictions for the entire species were most in line with those of the S. a. atra model. Although climate variables were not equally strong in predicting the climatic suitability for both lineages, the minimum temperature of the coldest month revealed an important predictor for the entire species, with clear decreases in suitability towards higher temperature.
Main Conclusions
All models reveal a considerable decrease in climate suitability throughout most of the range of S. atra, which is particularly visible in the Dinarides. We highlight the importance of considering intraspecific variation when modelling climate change impacts on geographically differentiated species whose populations vary in their climatic niche. We provide our study results (occurrence data and maps) via a web application that can be useful for guiding conservation efforts.
方法 我们为两个主要的种内系（S. a. atra，在整个阿尔卑斯山北部都有分布；S. a. prenjensis，在迪纳里德斯山脉分布稀少）和整个物种建立了SDM。a. prenjensis）以及整个物种建立了可持续发展模式，其中使用了精心策划的数据库中的出现点、空间分辨率为 1 平方公里的气候数据以及八种建模技术。结果对于 S. a. atra，在 RCP2.6 情景下，我们发现阿尔卑斯山气候适宜区的范围增加了 3%（尽管模型的一致性较低），而在 RCP8.5 情景下则减少了 6%。对于 S. a. prenjensis，我们发现迪纳里德斯气候适宜区的范围减少了 7% 到 45%（分别为 RCP2.6 和 RCP8.5）。SDM对整个物种的预测与S.虽然气候变量在预测两个种系的气候适宜性方面的作用不尽相同，但最冷月的最低气温对整个物种来说是一个重要的预测因子，随着温度的升高，适宜性明显下降。我们强调了在模拟气候变化对地理上有差异的物种的影响时考虑种内差异的重要性，这些物种的种群在其气候生态位上存在差异。我们通过一个网络应用程序提供研究结果（出现数据和地图），该程序可用于指导保护工作。
{"title":"A Multi-Modelling Approach for Informing the Conservation of a Cold-Adapted Terrestrial Amphibian in the Face of Climate Change","authors":"Mirza Čengić, Emina Šunje, Lucio Bonato, Raoul Van Damme, Rob H. J. Lenders, Mark A. J. Huijbregts, Lada Lukić Bilela, Aafke M. Schipper","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.15005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to assess potential climate change impacts on the distribution of a cold-adapted terrestrial amphibian that shows strong intraspecific differentiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alps and Dinarides.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alpine salamander (<i>Salamandra atra</i>).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We built SDMs for each of two major intraspecific lineages (<i>S. a. atra</i>, which is found throughout the Northern Alps, and <i>S. a. prenjensis</i>, which appears sparsely along the Dinarides) and for the entire species, using occurrence points from a carefully curated database, climate data with 1 km<sup>2</sup> spatial resolution and eight modelling techniques. We projected climatically suitable areas to 2070 under two climate scenarios (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5), using 24 general circulation models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For <i>S. a. atra</i>, under RCP2.6 scenario, we detected a 3% increase in the extent of climatically suitable areas in the Alps (although with low model agreement), yet a 6% decrease under the RCP8.5 scenario. For <i>S. a. prenjensis</i>, we detected a decrease in the extent of climatically suitable areas in the Dinarides between 7% and 45% (RCP2.6 and RCP8.5, respectively). The SDM predictions for the entire species were most in line with those of the <i>S. a. atra</i> model. Although climate variables were not equally strong in predicting the climatic suitability for both lineages, the minimum temperature of the coldest month revealed an important predictor for the entire species, with clear decreases in suitability towards higher temperature.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All models reveal a considerable decrease in climate suitability throughout most of the range of <i>S. atra</i>, which is particularly visible in the Dinarides. We highlight the importance of considering intraspecific variation when modelling climate change impacts on geographically differentiated species whose populations vary in their climatic niche. We provide our study results (occurrence data and maps) via a web application that can be useful for guiding conservation efforts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2469-2483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yibiao Zou, Gregory A. Backus, Hugh D. Safford, Sarah Sawyer, Marissa L. Baskett
Aim
Many tree species may be threatened with declines in range and biomass, or even extinction, if they cannot disperse or adapt quickly enough to keep pace with climate change. One potential, and potentially risky, strategy to mitigate this threat is assisted migration (AM), the intentional movement of species to facilitate population range shifts to more climatically suitable locations under climate change. The ability for AM to minimise risk and maximise conservation and forestry outcomes depends on a multi-faceted decision process for determining, what, where and how much to move. We provide an assessment on how the benefits and risks of AM could affect the decision-making process.
Location
Mountainous coastal western United States.
Taxon
Trees.
Methods
We used a dynamic vegetation model parameterised with 23 tree species.
Results
We found that most of the modelled species are likely to experience a substantial decline in biomass, with many potentially facing regional extinction by 2100 under the high-emission SSP5-85 climate-change scenario. Though simulations show AM had little effect on the forestry goal of total biomass across all species, its effects on the conservation goal of promoting individual species' persistence were far more substantial. Among eight AM strategies (differing in the life cycle stage of movement and target destination selection criteria), the approach that conserved the highest biomass for individual species involved relocating target seedlings to areas that recently experienced fire. Although this strategy significantly reduced extinction risk for six at-risk species compared with no action, it also slightly reduced biomass of four species, due to increasing competition. Species with relatively weak tolerance to drought, fire or high temperature were the most likely candidate groups for AM.
Main Conclusions
Our simulations indicate that AM can aid conservation by reducing extinction risks for species vulnerable to climate change, but it has limited impact on forestry-specific goals, affecting overall biomass minimally. This model framework could be applied to other forest ecosystems to evaluate the efficacy of AM globally.
目的许多树种如果不能迅速扩散或适应气候变化，就可能面临分布范围和生物量减少甚至灭绝的威胁。辅助迁移（AM）是减轻这种威胁的一种潜在策略，但也可能存在风险。在气候变化的情况下，通过有意识地迁移物种来促进种群向气候更适宜的地点迁移。辅助迁移能否最大限度地降低风险，最大限度地提高保护和林业成果，取决于确定迁移内容、地点和程度的多方面决策过程。结果我们发现，在高排放的 SSP5-85 气候变化情景下，大多数建模物种的生物量可能会大幅下降，到 2100 年，许多物种可能会面临区域性灭绝。虽然模拟结果表明，AM 对所有物种总生物量的林业目标影响不大，但其对促进单个物种持续生存的保护目标的影响要大得多。在八种调幅策略（移动的生命周期阶段和目标目的地选择标准各不相同）中，为单个物种保存最高生物量的方法是将目标幼苗迁移到最近经历过火灾的地区。与不采取任何行动相比，虽然这一策略大大降低了六个高危物种的灭绝风险，但由于竞争加剧，也略微降低了四个物种的生物量。我们的模拟结果表明，AM 可以降低易受气候变化影响的物种的灭绝风险，从而有助于保护，但它对林业特定目标的影响有限，对总体生物量的影响很小。该模型框架可应用于其他森林生态系统，以评估 AM 在全球范围内的功效。
{"title":"Quantifying the Capacity for Assisted Migration to Achieve Conservation and Forestry Goals Under Climate Change","authors":"Yibiao Zou, Gregory A. Backus, Hugh D. Safford, Sarah Sawyer, Marissa L. Baskett","doi":"10.1111/jbi.14999","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.14999","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many tree species may be threatened with declines in range and biomass, or even extinction, if they cannot disperse or adapt quickly enough to keep pace with climate change. One potential, and potentially risky, strategy to mitigate this threat is assisted migration (AM), the intentional movement of species to facilitate population range shifts to more climatically suitable locations under climate change. The ability for AM to minimise risk and maximise conservation and forestry outcomes depends on a multi-faceted decision process for determining, what, where and how much to move. We provide an assessment on how the benefits and risks of AM could affect the decision-making process.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mountainous coastal western United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trees.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used a dynamic vegetation model parameterised with 23 tree species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that most of the modelled species are likely to experience a substantial decline in biomass, with many potentially facing regional extinction by 2100 under the high-emission SSP5-85 climate-change scenario. Though simulations show AM had little effect on the forestry goal of total biomass across all species, its effects on the conservation goal of promoting individual species' persistence were far more substantial. Among eight AM strategies (differing in the life cycle stage of movement and target destination selection criteria), the approach that conserved the highest biomass for individual species involved relocating target seedlings to areas that recently experienced fire. Although this strategy significantly reduced extinction risk for six at-risk species compared with no action, it also slightly reduced biomass of four species, due to increasing competition. Species with relatively weak tolerance to drought, fire or high temperature were the most likely candidate groups for AM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our simulations indicate that AM can aid conservation by reducing extinction risks for species vulnerable to climate change, but it has limited impact on forestry-specific goals, affecting overall biomass minimally. This model framework could be applied to other forest ecosystems to evaluate the efficacy of AM globally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2440-2455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Perez Rocha, Karl Cottenie, Katherine Clein, Lindsey Elkins, Rebecca Mangold, Weston Nowlin, Joshuah S. Perkin, Kirby Wright, Astrid Schwalb
Aim
The goal of our study was to use a nested sampling design to compare the distribution of different groups of organisms with different dispersal modes and examine their responses in community composition to environmental heterogeneity at different spatial scales (local pool vs. riffle habitat, sections within a river and between rivers).
Location
Upper Colorado River basin, Texas, USA.
Taxon
Fishes, mussels and macroinvertebrates.
Methods
We sampled 100 sites using a nested sampling design across five rivers (four tributaries and the mainstem), with four river sections and five sampling sites per section, each consisting of a pool and riffle habitat. Collected data on species abundances, local and landscape environmental variables and spatial variables were analysed using a combination of dissimilarity, redundancy and variation partitioning analysis.
Results
At the river scale, environmental heterogeneity explained 28% and 34% of the variation in mussel and fish communities, respectively, and 15% for macroinvertebrates. Community changes between sections in the tributaries were highest for fishes, but similarly high for fishes and macroinvertebrates in the mainstem. Significant patterns for mussels were only detected in rivers with higher abundances. No significant differences in dissimilarity were found between mesohabitats, but a small significant effect of mesohabitat was detected for mussels with RDA after removing the river effect.
Main Conclusions
Although the depauperate mussel communities made it more difficult to draw any conclusions, there were some indications that their distribution was driven by environmental heterogeneity across scales. Section and river scales were relevant for fish, whereas macroinvertebrates showed a weaker response to environmental heterogeneity at these scales. The combination of approaches detected more ecologically meaningful patterns than one analysis alone would have. This study highlights the complexity of riverine community dynamics and underscores the need for a multiscale approach to identify their distribution patterns.
{"title":"Using a Nested Sampling Design Across Spatial Scales to Gain Insights Into Distribution Patterns of Fishes, Mussels and Macroinvertebrates in a Riverine System","authors":"Mariana Perez Rocha, Karl Cottenie, Katherine Clein, Lindsey Elkins, Rebecca Mangold, Weston Nowlin, Joshuah S. Perkin, Kirby Wright, Astrid Schwalb","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15003","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.15003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The goal of our study was to use a nested sampling design to compare the distribution of different groups of organisms with different dispersal modes and examine their responses in community composition to environmental heterogeneity at different spatial scales (local pool vs. riffle habitat, sections within a river and between rivers).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Upper Colorado River basin, Texas, USA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fishes, mussels and macroinvertebrates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We sampled 100 sites using a nested sampling design across five rivers (four tributaries and the mainstem), with four river sections and five sampling sites per section, each consisting of a pool and riffle habitat. Collected data on species abundances, local and landscape environmental variables and spatial variables were analysed using a combination of dissimilarity, redundancy and variation partitioning analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the river scale, environmental heterogeneity explained 28% and 34% of the variation in mussel and fish communities, respectively, and 15% for macroinvertebrates. Community changes between sections in the tributaries were highest for fishes, but similarly high for fishes and macroinvertebrates in the mainstem. Significant patterns for mussels were only detected in rivers with higher abundances. No significant differences in dissimilarity were found between mesohabitats, but a small significant effect of mesohabitat was detected for mussels with RDA after removing the river effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although the depauperate mussel communities made it more difficult to draw any conclusions, there were some indications that their distribution was driven by environmental heterogeneity across scales. Section and river scales were relevant for fish, whereas macroinvertebrates showed a weaker response to environmental heterogeneity at these scales. The combination of approaches detected more ecologically meaningful patterns than one analysis alone would have. This study highlights the complexity of riverine community dynamics and underscores the need for a multiscale approach to identify their distribution patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2456-2468"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anaïs Gibert, Roselyne Buscail, Michel Baguette, Christelle Fraïsse, Camille Roux, Bertrand Schatz, Joris A. M. Bertrand
Aim
Species with disjunct geographic distributions provide natural opportunities to investigate incipient or recent allopatric divergence. The combination of both genetic and ecological data may be fruitful to decipher the causes of such patterns: (i) actual vicariance, (ii) successful colonisation from one source to a new range (dispersal, biological introduction) or (iii) parallel convergent evolution.
Location
Southern France and Northern Spain.
Taxon
The bee orchid Ophrys aveyronensis (and its two recognised subspecies O. a. subsp. aveyronensis and O. a. subsp. vitorica) displays a disjunct geographic distribution with two subranges separated by 600 km on both sides of the Pyrenees mountain range.
Methods
As allopatric divergence is often complex to document in the wild, we used a combination of population genomics and ecological niche modelling (ENM) to investigate the causes of this intriguing biogeographic pattern.
Results
The population genomic data demonstrate that all the studied populations exhibit similar patterns of genetic diversity and dramatic decrease in effective size compared with the ancestral population. Significant genetic differentiation and reciprocal monophyly exist between populations of the two subranges of O. aveyronensis, despite a very recent divergence time as young as ca. 1500 generations ago. Moreover, paleo-ENM analyses support that the disjunct geographic distribution of O. aveyronensis is consistent with a range split of a broad ancestral range, contraction and distinct longitudinal and latitudinal shifts in response to climate warming during the Holocene.
Main Conclusion
The congruence of the results obtained from both population genomics and ENM approaches documents how very recent continental allopatric divergence initiated speciation in this system. O. aveyronensis provides a promising opportunity to study the onset of reproductive isolation and parallel evolution following an initial stage of geographic separation in a group with high diversification rate.
{"title":"Holocene Climate Change Promoted Allopatric Divergence and Disjunct Geographic Distribution in a Bee Orchid Species","authors":"Anaïs Gibert, Roselyne Buscail, Michel Baguette, Christelle Fraïsse, Camille Roux, Bertrand Schatz, Joris A. M. Bertrand","doi":"10.1111/jbi.14998","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.14998","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Species with disjunct geographic distributions provide natural opportunities to investigate incipient or recent allopatric divergence. The combination of both genetic and ecological data may be fruitful to decipher the causes of such patterns: (i) actual vicariance, (ii) successful colonisation from one source to a new range (dispersal, biological introduction) or (iii) parallel convergent evolution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Southern France and Northern Spain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bee orchid <i>Ophrys aveyronensis</i> (and its two recognised subspecies <i>O. a.</i> subsp. <i>aveyronensis</i> and <i>O. a.</i> subsp. <i>vitorica</i>) displays a disjunct geographic distribution with two subranges separated by 600 km on both sides of the Pyrenees mountain range.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As allopatric divergence is often complex to document in the wild, we used a combination of population genomics and ecological niche modelling (ENM) to investigate the causes of this intriguing biogeographic pattern.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The population genomic data demonstrate that all the studied populations exhibit similar patterns of genetic diversity and dramatic decrease in effective size compared with the ancestral population. Significant genetic differentiation and reciprocal monophyly exist between populations of the two subranges of <i>O. aveyronensis</i>, despite a very recent divergence time as young as ca. 1500 generations ago. Moreover, paleo-ENM analyses support that the disjunct geographic distribution of <i>O. aveyronensis</i> is consistent with a range split of a broad ancestral range, contraction and distinct longitudinal and latitudinal shifts in response to climate warming during the Holocene.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The congruence of the results obtained from both population genomics and ENM approaches documents how very recent continental allopatric divergence initiated speciation in this system. <i>O. aveyronensis</i> provides a promising opportunity to study the onset of reproductive isolation and parallel evolution following an initial stage of geographic separation in a group with high diversification rate.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2424-2439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesca Della Rocca, Marco Musiani, Marco Galaverni, Pietro Milanesi
Background
Monitoring biodiversity is crucial in biogeography. Citizen science and biodiversity platforms have revolutionized data access across taxa, but they struggle to provide robust raw data essential for conservation decisions.
Aims
This study addresses data gaps for under-represented species and locations, observer expertise variability, and the lack of absence data and sampling effort information to improve data representation and suitability for statistical analyses.
Materials & Methods
We collected, compared to IUCN-recognized taxonomic groups, all worldwide living being (animal, plant and fungi) observations held by four major biodiversity platforms: eBird, GBIF, iNaturalist, and Observation.org. We also organized such observations by country of origin and based on their Human Development Index (HDI).
Results
We found that, while GBIF, iNaturalist, and Observation.org cover all life forms, birds are the most observed (eBird is a bird-specific platform), whereas fish, other marine organisms, arthropods, and invertebrates are dramatically underrepresented. Moreover, none of the above-mentioned biodiversity platforms considered or directly analysed expertise variability among observers and, apart from eBird, the other three biodiversity platforms do not accommodate data on species absence and sampling effort.
Discussion and Conclusion
Finally, we found that species observations on biodiversity platforms considered in this study are skewed towards high HDI countries, primarily North America and Europe. By enhancing the effectiveness of biodiversity platforms, this study has the potential to significantly advance the field of biogeography, paving the way for more informed and effective conservation strategies. Overall, our findings underscore the untapped potential of these platforms in contributing to our understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity.
{"title":"Improving Online Citizen Science Platforms for Biodiversity Monitoring","authors":"Francesca Della Rocca, Marco Musiani, Marco Galaverni, Pietro Milanesi","doi":"10.1111/jbi.15000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.15000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monitoring biodiversity is crucial in biogeography. Citizen science and biodiversity platforms have revolutionized data access across taxa, but they struggle to provide robust raw data essential for conservation decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study addresses data gaps for under-represented species and locations, observer expertise variability, and the lack of absence data and sampling effort information to improve data representation and suitability for statistical analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials & Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We collected, compared to IUCN-recognized taxonomic groups, all worldwide living being (animal, plant and fungi) observations held by four major biodiversity platforms: eBird, GBIF, iNaturalist, and Observation.org. We also organized such observations by country of origin and based on their Human Development Index (HDI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that, while GBIF, iNaturalist, and Observation.org cover all life forms, birds are the most observed (eBird is a bird-specific platform), whereas fish, other marine organisms, arthropods, and invertebrates are dramatically underrepresented. Moreover, none of the above-mentioned biodiversity platforms considered or directly analysed expertise variability among observers and, apart from eBird, the other three biodiversity platforms do not accommodate data on species absence and sampling effort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion and Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Finally, we found that species observations on biodiversity platforms considered in this study are skewed towards high HDI countries, primarily North America and Europe. By enhancing the effectiveness of biodiversity platforms, this study has the potential to significantly advance the field of biogeography, paving the way for more informed and effective conservation strategies. Overall, our findings underscore the untapped potential of these platforms in contributing to our understanding of the spatial and temporal patterns of biodiversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2412-2423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jbi.15000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maya Manivannan, Nehal Gurung, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Jahnavi Joshi
Aim
Scutigeromorpha is a globally distributed, ancient group of centipedes with at least 400 million years of evolutionary history. We assess the biogeographic history of the order, with a particular focus on the Peninsular Indian Plate (PIP), a Gondwanan fragment. We hypothesize that continental vicariance explains the disjunct distribution of extant scutigeromorphs, that PIP scutigeromorphs are of ancient Gondwanan origins, and that East Gondwana vicariance explains the diversification of the subfamily Thereuoneminae into its Asian and Australian clades.
Location
Global.
Taxa
Centipedes, Scutigeromorpha.
Methods
We use a novel molecular dataset sampled across the PIP and a global sequence database representing the geographic distribution of all families and subfamilies. We employ molecular phylogenetic analyses on two mitochondrial and three nuclear markers, molecular species delimitation and ancestral range estimation to reconstruct biogeographic history.
Results
Ancestral scutigeromorphs were likely widely distributed across Gondwana and diverged prior to any continental vicariance. Their subsequent biogeography is shaped by continental vicariance, long-distance dispersal and jump dispersal, indicating an ability to colonize areas far from their ancestral range. The PIP emerged as the ancestral range of Thereuoneminae, which started diversifying during the Cretaceous Period. Subsequent in-situ diversification within the PIP and dispersals into Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands best explained the extant distribution of Thereuoneminae, more so than East Gondwana vicariance.
Main Conclusions
The in-situ diversification of PIP species and their ancient divergence suggest they represent Gondwanan relicts in a landmass whose biota is primarily dispersal-driven. A single dispersal event from the PIP generated most of the extant diversity in Australia, another Gondwanan fragment. Furthermore, the discovery of 11 putative species from the PIP and the Andaman Islands, five times more than was known, highlights the Wallacean and Linnean shortfalls in tropical Asia.
{"title":"A passage through India: The biotic ferry model supports the build-up of Indo-Australian biodiversity of an ancient soil arthropod clade","authors":"Maya Manivannan, Nehal Gurung, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Jahnavi Joshi","doi":"10.1111/jbi.14994","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.14994","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Scutigeromorpha is a globally distributed, ancient group of centipedes with at least 400 million years of evolutionary history. We assess the biogeographic history of the order, with a particular focus on the Peninsular Indian Plate (PIP), a Gondwanan fragment. We hypothesize that continental vicariance explains the disjunct distribution of extant scutigeromorphs, that PIP scutigeromorphs are of ancient Gondwanan origins, and that East Gondwana vicariance explains the diversification of the subfamily Thereuoneminae into its Asian and Australian clades.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxa</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Centipedes, Scutigeromorpha.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We use a novel molecular dataset sampled across the PIP and a global sequence database representing the geographic distribution of all families and subfamilies. We employ molecular phylogenetic analyses on two mitochondrial and three nuclear markers, molecular species delimitation and ancestral range estimation to reconstruct biogeographic history.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ancestral scutigeromorphs were likely widely distributed across Gondwana and diverged prior to any continental vicariance. Their subsequent biogeography is shaped by continental vicariance, long-distance dispersal and jump dispersal, indicating an ability to colonize areas far from their ancestral range. The PIP emerged as the ancestral range of Thereuoneminae, which started diversifying during the Cretaceous Period. Subsequent in-situ diversification within the PIP and dispersals into Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands best explained the extant distribution of Thereuoneminae, more so than East Gondwana vicariance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The in-situ diversification of PIP species and their ancient divergence suggest they represent Gondwanan relicts in a landmass whose biota is primarily dispersal-driven. A single dispersal event from the PIP generated most of the extant diversity in Australia, another Gondwanan fragment. Furthermore, the discovery of 11 putative species from the PIP and the Andaman Islands, five times more than was known, highlights the Wallacean and Linnean shortfalls in tropical Asia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2395-2411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rebeca Granja-Fernández, Eduardo J. Ramírez-Chávez, Fabián A. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, Andrés López-Pérez
Aim
To estimate patterns of potential species richness (PSR) and identify shallow-water Ophiuroidea hotspots based on their modelled distribution throughout the eastern Pacific Ocean (EP).
Location
Eastern Pacific Ocean.
Taxon
Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea.
Methods
We compiled and analysed the occurrence of 137 shallow-water (≤200 m) species of Ophiuroidea from the EP using Species Distribution Models (SDM; use of Maxent) and buffering for rare species to create the first maps of PSR of the class in the EP to gain insight into their patterns.
Results
The highest PSR was found in mid-latitudes, decreasing towards high latitudes, denoting a robust latitudinal pattern. All PSR hotspots were found in mid-latitudes and correspond to northern Mexico, the area between Corinto (Nicaragua) and the Gulf of Panama, and the Galapagos Islands. The pattern is mainly linked to topographic configuration, although the models also suggest temperature and other environmental factors as important. Additionally, the pattern correlates (R = 98) with the pattern of the family Amphiuridae, suggesting that its richness can be used as a proxy for exploring Ophiuroidea richness patterns elsewhere.
Main Conclusions
The richness of Ophiuroidea from the EP follows a latitudinal pattern as do other invertebrate groups. The Gulf of California, Central America, and Galapagos Islands are confirmed as hotspots of Ophiuroidea richness. However, other significant areas include the west coast of southern Baja California, Chiapas, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. PSR patterns are influenced by diverse environmental variables and the distribution patterns of the most conspicuous families. SDMs are useful for understanding large-scale distribution patterns. This work is the first PSR assessment of marine invertebrates from the EP.
目的根据整个东太平洋（EP）的浅水棘皮动物分布模型，估计潜在物种丰富度（PSR）模式并确定浅水棘皮动物热点：方法 我们利用物种分布模型（SDM；使用 Maxent）和稀有物种缓冲，汇编并分析了东太平洋 137 种浅水（≤200 米）棘皮动物的出现情况，首次绘制了东太平洋棘皮动物类的 PSR 图，以深入了解其模式。所有 PSR 热点都出现在中纬度地区，分别位于墨西哥北部、科林托（尼加拉瓜）和巴拿马湾之间的地区以及加拉帕戈斯群岛。这种模式主要与地形构造有关，但模型也表明温度和其他环境因素也很重要。此外，该模式与两栖类（Amphiuridae）的模式相关（R = 98），表明两栖类的丰富度可作为探索其他地方两栖类丰富度模式的替代物。加利福尼亚湾、中美洲和加拉帕戈斯群岛已被确认为Ophiuroidea丰富度的热点地区。然而，其他重要地区还包括下加利福尼亚州南部西海岸、恰帕斯州、危地马拉和尼加拉瓜。PSR 模式受到各种环境变量和最显著科的分布模式的影响。SDM 对于了解大尺度分布模式非常有用。这项工作是首次对EP的海洋无脊椎动物进行PSR评估。
{"title":"Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840 potential species richness across the eastern Pacific: An approach using species distribution modelling","authors":"Rebeca Granja-Fernández, Eduardo J. Ramírez-Chávez, Fabián A. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, Andrés López-Pérez","doi":"10.1111/jbi.14990","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jbi.14990","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To estimate patterns of potential species richness (PSR) and identify shallow-water Ophiuroidea hotspots based on their modelled distribution throughout the eastern Pacific Ocean (EP).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Location</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eastern Pacific Ocean.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Taxon</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We compiled and analysed the occurrence of 137 shallow-water (≤200 m) species of Ophiuroidea from the EP using Species Distribution Models (SDM; use of Maxent) and buffering for rare species to create the first maps of PSR of the class in the EP to gain insight into their patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The highest PSR was found in mid-latitudes, decreasing towards high latitudes, denoting a robust latitudinal pattern. All PSR hotspots were found in mid-latitudes and correspond to northern Mexico, the area between Corinto (Nicaragua) and the Gulf of Panama, and the Galapagos Islands. The pattern is mainly linked to topographic configuration, although the models also suggest temperature and other environmental factors as important. Additionally, the pattern correlates (<i>R</i> = 98) with the pattern of the family Amphiuridae, suggesting that its richness can be used as a proxy for exploring Ophiuroidea richness patterns elsewhere.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The richness of Ophiuroidea from the EP follows a latitudinal pattern as do other invertebrate groups. The Gulf of California, Central America, and Galapagos Islands are confirmed as hotspots of Ophiuroidea richness. However, other significant areas include the west coast of southern Baja California, Chiapas, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. PSR patterns are influenced by diverse environmental variables and the distribution patterns of the most conspicuous families. SDMs are useful for understanding large-scale distribution patterns. This work is the first PSR assessment of marine invertebrates from the EP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15299,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biogeography","volume":"51 12","pages":"2369-2382"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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