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Comparison of autorefractor with focometer in patients with refractive errors attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria - A cross sectional survey 尼日利亚拉各斯大学教学医院屈光不正患者自体屈光镜与焦度计的比较-横断面调查
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_36_20
O.O.G. Amusan, K. Musa, O. Aribaba, A. Aina, A. Onakoya, F. Akinsola
Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the most common cause of visual impairment globally. Yet, there is paucity of refractionists in rural areas of most developing countries. Thus, there is a need for a cost effective but accurate method of refraction that could be used by rural health workers with minimal training. To compare refractive error measurements of autorefractor with that of focometer with a view to determining the accuracy and reliability of focometer. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among patients with refractive errors attending the Guinness Eye Centre Clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Consecutively consenting patients who met the eligibility criteria were recruited until the sample size was attained. All participants had a standardized protocol examination including visual acuity assessment and ocular examination. Refractive error was measured using the autorefractor, focometer and subjective refraction in both eyes of each participant. Comparison was done based on the means of variables of autorefractor, subjective refraction and focometer measurements using the paired-sample t-tests, Pearson's correlation and linear regression. Agreement between the measurements was investigated using the Bland-Altman analysis and reliability of the repeated measurements tested with Cronbach's alpha. The analysis was considered statistically significant when the P < 0.05. Results: Four hundred eyes of 200 patients were analyzed in this study. The mean age of respondents was 45.1 ± 16.3yrs and the male:female ratio was 1: 2.1. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean spherical (P < 0.001) and cylindrical (P < 0.001) readings of the focometer and autorefractor. However, the mean difference between the spherical equivalent of focometer and that of the autorefractor was not statistically significant (P = 0.66). Pearson correlation coefficient was high for the compared methods of refraction as both the bivariate linear regression between the autorefractor and focometer, and that between the subjective refraction and focometer showed good linearity. Bland-Altman plot showed good agreement between the mean focometer measurements with both the autorefractor (mean difference = +0.02 ± 0.85 DS; mean difference ± 1.96 standard deviation [SD] = 1.69 to − 1.65 DS) and subjective refractive (mean difference = +0.06 ± 0.72 DS; mean difference ± 1.96 SD = 1.49 to − 1.36 DS) measurements. Cronbach's alpha showed good reliability of focometer and autorefractor repeated measurements. Conclusion: This study showed a good correlation and agreement between focometer and autorefractor. Hence, focometer could be used for refraction in low resource settings where locals could be trained in its use.
背景:未矫正的屈光不正是全球最常见的视力损害原因。然而,大多数发展中国家的农村地区缺乏验光师。因此,需要一种成本效益高但准确的折射方法,农村卫生工作者只需经过最少的培训就可以使用这种方法。将自折射仪的屈光误差测量值与光度计的屈光误差测量值进行比较,以确定光度计的精度和可靠性。方法:这是一项比较横断面研究,在尼日利亚拉各斯大学教学医院吉尼斯眼科中心诊所就诊的屈光不正患者中进行。连续招募符合资格标准的同意患者,直到样本量达到。所有参与者都进行了标准化的方案检查,包括视力评估和眼部检查。使用自折射仪、光度计和双眼主观屈光测量每位参与者的屈光不正。采用配对样本t检验、Pearson相关检验和线性回归对自折射、主观折射和光度计测量变量均值进行比较。测量结果之间的一致性采用Bland-Altman分析,重复测量结果的可靠性采用Cronbach’s alpha测试。当P < 0.05时,认为分析有统计学意义。结果:本研究对200例患者400只眼进行了分析。调查对象的平均年龄为45.1±16.3岁,男女比例为1:1 .1。光度计和自折射镜的平均球形(P < 0.001)和圆柱形(P < 0.001)读数差异有统计学意义。而自折射镜的球面等效值与距光计的球面等效值的平均差异无统计学意义(P = 0.66)。自折射仪与光度计的双变量线性回归和主观折射仪与光度计的双变量线性回归均表现出良好的线性关系,Pearson相关系数较高。Bland-Altman图显示,自折射仪和焦距计的平均测量值吻合良好(平均差值= +0.02±0.85 DS;平均差±1.96标准差[SD] = 1.69 ~−1.65 DS)和主观屈光(平均差= +0.06±0.72 DS;平均差±1.96 SD = 1.49至- 1.36 DS)测量值。Cronbach’s alpha值对焦距计和自折射仪的重复测量具有良好的可靠性。结论:本研究结果显示焦距计与自折射计具有良好的相关性和一致性。因此,焦距计可用于资源匮乏的折射环境,当地居民可接受使用训练。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis with emphasis on Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis assay – Clinical review 以Xpert结核分枝杆菌检测为重点的结核病分子诊断-临床综述
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_52_19
G. Gaude, S. Vishwanath
Tuberculosis (TB), due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB), remains a major public health issue. It causes ill health for approximately 10 million people each year and is one of the top ten causes of death worldwide. For the past 5 years, it has been the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, ranking above HIV/AIDS. Effective diagnosis of pulmonary TB requires the availability – on a global scale – of standardized, easy-to-use, and robust diagnostic tool that would allow the direct detection of both the MTB complex and the resistance to key drugs, such as rifampicin. The latter result can serve as a marker for multidrug-resistant (MDR) MTB and has been reported in >95% of the MDR-TB isolates. Here, we review some of the recent molecular methods in the diagnosis of TB.
由结核分枝杆菌(MTB)引起的结核病(TB)仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。它每年造成大约1 000万人健康不良,是全世界十大死亡原因之一。在过去5年里,它一直是导致死亡的单一传染病的主要原因,超过艾滋病毒/艾滋病。有效诊断肺结核需要在全球范围内提供标准化、易于使用和强大的诊断工具,从而能够直接检测结核分枝杆菌复合体和对利福平等关键药物的耐药性。后一种结果可作为耐多药(MDR) MTB的标记物,并已在95%的MDR- tb分离株中报告。在这里,我们回顾了一些最近的分子方法在结核病的诊断。
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引用次数: 1
Urinary tract infections and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among female students in a tertiary institution in southwest Nigeria - A cross sectional study 尼日利亚西南部一所高等院校女学生的尿路感染和抗菌药物敏感性模式-一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_47_19
T. Ajani, C. Elikwu, V. Nwadike, B. Tayo, O. Shonekan, Celen Okangba, C. Anaedobe, T. Thompson, A. Omeonu, F. Bibitayo, M. Ajani, N. Nkwogu, J. Emejuru, K. Okangba, O. Ugwa, M. Afolabi, A. Atere, Temidola Kalejaye, T. Oluwasola, Olu Coker
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) is a common medical problem that affects all age groups but with significant morbidity in females because of the nature of their anatomy and physiology. This study was aimed to identify the common causative organisms of UTI and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among female students in Babcock University. Methods: A cross-sectional study, in which 200 female participants with symptoms of UTI were recruited. Mid-stream urine was collected from them and processed using the standard microbiological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on isolates from the samples with significant bacteriuria. Sociodemographic and risk factors were obtained using standard questionnaires, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0. Results: UTIs were confirmed in 14.5% (29/200) participants. Of the pathogens isolated, Escherichia coli was predominant 30.6% (11/36). Most of the pathogens isolated were susceptible to ofloxacin and gentamicin, while ceftriaxone had the least susceptibility (18.2%). The majority of the participants, 165 (82.5%) though symptomatic, did not have bacteriuria. The participants aged 15–20 years were mostly infected [24 (13.4%)]. No significant association was found between the sociodemographic factors and UTI. Conclusion: The prevalence of UTI from this study was 14.5%. E. coli was the predominant bacteria pathogen isolated, and ofloxacin and gentamycin were the most active antibiotics on susceptibility pattern. The majority of the patients though symptomatic, had no pathogens isolated from their urine. Therefore, caution should be applied on the use of antibiotics when managing UTI based on symptoms alone, to prevent antibiotic resistance
背景:尿路感染(uti)是一种常见的医学问题,影响所有年龄组,但由于其解剖学和生理学的性质,女性发病率较高。本研究旨在了解巴布科克大学女学生尿路感染的常见病原菌及其药敏模式。方法:一项横断面研究,招募了200名有尿路感染症状的女性参与者。收集他们的中游尿液,并使用标准微生物程序进行处理。对有明显菌尿的分离株进行药敏试验。采用标准问卷获得社会人口学及危险因素,采用SPSS 23.0版本进行统计分析。结果:14.5%(29/200)的参与者确诊uti。病原菌中大肠杆菌占优势,占30.6%(11/36)。大多数分离的病原菌对氧氟沙星和庆大霉素敏感,头孢曲松的敏感性最低(18.2%)。大多数参与者,165人(82.5%)虽然有症状,但没有细菌尿。15 ~ 20岁感染者居多[24人(13.4%)]。未发现社会人口学因素与尿路感染之间存在显著关联。结论:本研究中尿路感染的患病率为14.5%。大肠杆菌是主要病原菌,氧氟沙星和庆大霉素是最具活性的抗生素。大多数患者虽然有症状,但没有从他们的尿液中分离出病原体。因此,在仅根据症状处理尿路感染时,应谨慎使用抗生素,以防止抗生素耐药性
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引用次数: 0
Factors associated with mortality in patients with peritonitis presenting for anesthesia and surgery in a tertiary center in Nigeria - A cross-sectional study 在尼日利亚的一个三级中心进行麻醉和手术的腹膜炎患者的死亡率相关因素-一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_7_19
T. Adigun, O. Idowu, O. Ayandipo, O. Afuwape, M. Kuti
Background: Peritonitis is one of the surgical emergencies commonly encountered by the general surgeons. Sepsis, dehydration, hypovolemia, and multiple organ dysfunctions have been associated with high mortality rate. The study aimed to assess risk factors associated with mortality in patients with peritonitis presenting for anesthesia and surgery in a tertiary institution. Methods: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study involving consenting patients managed for peritonitis under general anesthesia over a year period. A study proforma was used to collect the data on demographic characteristics and clinical and biochemical parameters. The association between postoperative mortality and demographic characteristics and clinical and biochemical parameters was determined with Chi-square test, and the level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: A total of 52 adult patients were studied with 38 (73.1%) males and 14 (26.9%) females. The mean age was 39.7 ± 15.3 years. Nineteen patients died, and the mortality rate was 36.5%. Mortality was more in females and in patients more than 50 years (P = 0.917 and P = 0.34), respectively. Preoperative high American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASAs) physical status (P = 0.002), higher Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) scores (P = 0.005), preoperative systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg (P = 0.006) and preoperative respiratory rate more than 30 breaths/min (P = 0.002), serum creatinine level more than 1.5 (P = 0.04), and acidosis (P = 0.02) were statistically significant risk factors for mortality in this study. Conclusion: The mortality following perforation peritonitis is high in our center. Poor outcome is seen in patients with high ASA status, high MPI scores, preoperative shock, acidosis, renal failure, and tachypnea. Proper resuscitation from shock, correction of acidosis, and improving the ASA status will improve survival in patients with perforated peritonitis.
背景:腹膜炎是普通外科常见的外科急症之一。脓毒症、脱水、低血容量和多器官功能障碍与高死亡率相关。本研究旨在评估在某高等教育机构接受麻醉和手术的腹膜炎患者死亡率的相关危险因素。方法:我们进行了一项前瞻性横断面研究,涉及同意在全身麻醉下治疗腹膜炎的患者,为期一年。采用研究形式收集人口统计学特征、临床和生化参数的数据。术后死亡率与人口学特征及临床生化参数的相关性采用卡方检验,P < 0.05为显著水平。结果:共纳入52例成人患者,其中男性38例(73.1%),女性14例(26.9%)。平均年龄39.7±15.3岁。死亡19例,死亡率36.5%。女性和50岁以上患者的死亡率较高(P = 0.917和P = 0.34)。术前美国麻醉医师协会(asa)身体状况高(P = 0.002)、Mannheim腹膜炎指数(MPI)评分高(P = 0.005)、术前收缩压<100 mmHg (P = 0.006)、术前呼吸频率大于30次/min (P = 0.002)、血清肌酐水平大于1.5 (P = 0.04)、酸中毒(P = 0.02)是本研究死亡率有统计学意义的危险因素。结论:本院穿孔性腹膜炎死亡率较高。ASA状态高、MPI评分高、术前休克、酸中毒、肾功能衰竭和呼吸急促的患者预后较差。正确的休克复苏,纠正酸中毒,改善ASA状态将提高穿孔性腹膜炎患者的生存率。
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引用次数: 1
Knowledge of SCD and psychosocial burden experienced by caregivers of children with SCD at a secondary level hospital in Lagos, Nigeria - A cross sectional study 尼日利亚拉各斯一家二级医院SCD患儿护理人员的SCD知识和心理社会负担——一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_49_19
Adedoyin Fetuga, M. Balogun, A. Akinsete
Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most prevalent genetic disease in the world and the most severe of the sickle cell disorders. Individuals with SCA undergo numerous psychosocial problems. The severity of the clinical status of SCA imposes differing degrees of suffering to patients and their relatives, and the overall health of these patients depends on the quality of life and psychological preparedness of the caregivers. This study assessed the knowledge of sickle cell disease (SCD) and the psychosocial burdens of the disease on caregivers. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Massey Street Children Hospital. Following consent, an interviewer-administered structured pro forma was utilized for the survey. The study was approved by the Health, Research, and Ethics Committee with permission from the Lagos State Health Service Commission. Data were analyzed using Epi Info™ 7.140. Results: Two hundred and sixteen respondents were interviewed with a mean age of 37.7 ± 7.8 years. Most of the respondents were female (90.7%) and presently married (90.7%). The mean knowledge score was 7.5 ± 2.1, with most (74.1%) of the respondents having good knowledge. The vast majority of respondents had lost income or financial benefits due to time spent caring for the child (91.2%) and reported that a child's illness disturbs activities at home (77.3%). Almost all (96.8%) reported an atmosphere of tension in the homes due to a child's illness, 80.6% reported episodes of depression and feeling sorrowful, 34% felt angry with self or child, and 14.3% felt stigmatized because of child's illness. There was a statistically significant association between respondents' level of education, gender, age, relationship to a child, and knowledge of SCD, and a higher proportion of those with good knowledge had no disruption of family interactions. Conclusion: Majority of the caregivers accessing care for children with SCD had good knowledge of the disease and experienced varied degrees of disruption in their finances, family routine, and family interaction. Improving knowledge of SCD is recommended among caregivers to alleviate psychosocial burdens, especially those associated with family interactions.
背景:镰状细胞性贫血(SCA)是世界上最常见的遗传性疾病,也是镰状细胞性疾病中最严重的一种。SCA患者会出现许多社会心理问题。SCA临床状态的严重程度对患者及其亲属施加了不同程度的痛苦,这些患者的整体健康取决于护理者的生活质量和心理准备。本研究评估了镰状细胞病(SCD)的知识和疾病对护理人员的社会心理负担。方法:这是一项在梅西街儿童医院进行的横断面研究。在获得同意后,调查采用了由访谈者管理的结构化形式。这项研究得到了卫生、研究和伦理委员会的批准,并得到了拉各斯州卫生服务委员会的许可。使用Epi Info™7.140分析数据。结果:调查对象216人,平均年龄37.7±7.8岁。大多数受访者为女性(90.7%),目前已婚(90.7%)。平均知识得分为7.5±2.1分,大部分(74.1%)受访者知识水平较好。绝大多数受访者因花时间照顾孩子而失去收入或经济利益(91.2%),并报告说孩子的疾病扰乱了家中的活动(77.3%)。几乎所有(96.8%)的人报告说,由于孩子的疾病,家中气氛紧张,80.6%的人报告抑郁和感到悲伤,34%的人对自己或孩子感到愤怒,14.3%的人因孩子的疾病而感到耻辱。调查对象的受教育程度、性别、年龄、与儿童的关系和对SCD的认识之间存在统计学上显著的关联,而那些对SCD有良好认识的人没有破坏家庭互动的比例更高。结论:大多数获得SCD儿童护理的护理人员对疾病有很好的了解,并且在财务、家庭常规和家庭互动方面经历了不同程度的破坏。建议护理人员提高对SCD的认识,以减轻社会心理负担,特别是与家庭互动有关的社会心理负担。
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引用次数: 0
Repositioning the Journal of Clinical Sciences for greater impact: Stepping out of the “comfort zone” 重新定位《临床科学杂志》以获得更大影响:走出“舒适区”
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_76_20
A. Ademuyiwa
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引用次数: 0
Perception and practice of handwashing among public secondary school students in Somolu Local Government Area, Lagos, Nigeria - A cross-sectional study 尼日利亚拉各斯索莫卢地方政府区公立中学学生洗手的认知和实践——一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_5_20
E. Oluwole, A. Ajayi, T. Olufunlayo
Background: Hand hygiene is a simple and effective means of preventing the spread of communicable diseases, and the promotion of hand hygiene is an important public health measure. This study assessed knowledge, attitude, and practice of and barriers to handwashing among secondary school students in Somolu Local Government Area (LGA), Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional, conducted in selected secondary schools in Somolu LGA, Lagos State. Multistage sampling method was employed to select 420 respondents from the selected public secondary schools. Self-administered and pretested questionnaires were used to collect data. Analysis was done using IBM SPSS version 22. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted with level of significance (P) at ≤0.05. Results: The mean ± standard deviation age of the respondents was 14.09 ± 2.06 years. Less than two-third (64.0%) of the respondents had good knowledge, almost all (99.5%) had positive attitude, while about 71% had good practice of handwashing. Forgetfulness (49.8%) and laziness (33.8%) were the major reasons for not practicing handwashing at home as opposed to unavailability of soap (50%) and lack of nearby water supply (46.2%) in schools. A statistically significant association was found between class of respondents, parent's level of education, and handwashing practices (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Although majority of the respondents had positive attitude toward handwashing, knowledge and practice of handwashing, which is a key to infection control, was not at par with their attitudes. We recommend targeted health education sessions on handwashing and provision of handwashing facilities in secondary schools.
背景:手卫生是预防传染病传播的一种简单有效的手段,提倡手卫生是一项重要的公共卫生措施。本研究评估了尼日利亚拉各斯Somolu地方政府区中学生洗手的知识、态度、实践和障碍。方法:本研究采用描述性横断面法,在拉各斯州Somolu LGA选定的中学进行。采用多阶段抽样法,在选定的公立中学中抽取420名受访者。采用自填问卷和预测问卷收集数据。使用IBM SPSS version 22进行分析。进行描述性和双变量分析,显著性水平(P)≤0.05。结果:被调查者的平均±标准差年龄为14.09±2.06岁。少于三分之二(64.0%)的受访者对洗手有良好的认识,几乎所有(99.5%)的受访者对洗手持积极态度,而约71%的受访者对洗手有良好的习惯。健忘(49.8%)和懒惰(33.8%)是在家不洗手的主要原因,其次是学校没有肥皂(50%)和附近供水不足(46.2%)。调查对象的阶层、父母的教育程度和洗手习惯之间存在统计学上显著的关联(P < 0.05)。结论:大多数受访人员对洗手的态度是积极的,但对感染控制的关键环节洗手的知识和做法与他们的态度不一致。我们建议在中学举办有针对性的洗手卫生教育课程,并提供洗手设施。
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引用次数: 1
A case series of harmful eye practices following trauma seen at Lagos University Teaching Hospital 在拉各斯大学教学医院看到的一系列创伤后有害眼科做法的案例
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_65_19
O. Ilo, Adetunji Adenekan, O. Aribaba, F. Oduneye
A case series which highlights the different harmful eye practices which are still being practiced by individuals even following an initial ocular trauma in an Urban City like Lagos in Nigeria. Three cases of patients with vision loss/blindness, following instillation of harmful substances into the eyes, are presented. The first is a 24-year-old female undergraduate who applied her urine and “holy water” into both eyes, following an initial bilateral blunt ocular injury with resultant bilateral corneal abscess. The second is a 54-year-old male auto-electrician who applied his urine and then alum solution into his left eye, following trauma to the eye with resultant anterior staphyloma. In the third case, olive oil and kerosene were applied into the right eye of a 5-year-old male pupil, following accidental application of super glue into the eye, with resultant ankyloblepharon and vision loss. Harmful eye practices and poor health-seeking behavior still remain a challenge in the 21st-century Nigeria. There is a need for more awareness and information dissemination programs, which can be instituted to help reduce needless vision loss/blindness resulting from harmful eye practices.
一个案例系列,突出了在尼日利亚拉各斯这样的城市,即使在最初的眼部创伤之后,人们仍然在实践不同的有害眼科做法。本文报道了3例因有害物质注入眼睛而致视力丧失/失明的病例。第一位患者是一名24岁的女大学生,她在最初的双侧钝性眼部损伤导致双侧角膜脓肿后,将尿液和“圣水”应用于双眼。第二例患者为54岁男性汽车电工,因眼部外伤导致前葡萄肿,先将尿液和明矾溶液注入左眼。在第三个病例中,将橄榄油和煤油涂抹在一名5岁男性瞳孔的右眼上,随后将强力胶意外涂抹在眼睛上,导致双眼强直性斜视和视力丧失。在21世纪的尼日利亚,有害的眼科做法和不良的求医行为仍然是一个挑战。有必要开展更多的认识和信息传播项目,以帮助减少有害的眼科做法造成的不必要的视力丧失/失明。
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引用次数: 0
The clinical profile and outcome of children with acute malnutrition in a tertiary health center in North-West Nigeria: A 1-year retrospective review 尼日利亚西北部三级保健中心急性营养不良儿童的临床概况和结果:1年回顾性审查
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_55_19
I. Aliyu, H. Ibrahim, Umma Idris, G. Michael, U. Ibrahim, A. Mohammed, I. Ahmad, Junaid Habib
Background: Acute malnutrition is broadly classified as severe acute malnutrition (SAM) or moderate acute malnutrition (MAM). It affects almost 20 million children worldwide, with majority of the cases in developing countries. In Africa, it was estimated that about 5%–15% of deaths in children age ranging from 0 to 59 months are due to SAM. Therefore, this study sought to determine common clinical features and outcome in children with acute malnutrition. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Federal Medical Centre Birnin Kudu, Jigawa State. Case files of patients admitted into the Emergency Pediatric unit and Ppediatric Medical Ward over the period of 1 year (January–December 2017) with a diagnosis of acute malnutrition were reviewed. Results: There were 123 cases of acute malnutrition during the study period: 53 (43.1%) males and 70 (56.9%) females. There were 103 (83.7%) cases of SAM and 20 (16.3%) cases of MAM. Among the SAM cases, there were 70 (56.9%) cases of marasmus, 10 (8.1%) cases of kwashiorkor, and 23 (18.7%) cases of marasmic kwashiorkor. Infection was the most common morbidity associated with SAM. Relatively death was mostly witnessed in the marasmic kwashiorkor subgroup (17.4%). However, majority of the subjects who spent 1–2 weeks on admission were discharged without complications, while death occurred mostly in those who spent <7 days on admission and this observation was statistically significant (Fisher's exact = 32.351, P = 0.001). Conclusion: Marasmus remains the most common form of SAM, and infection is a common comorbidity; however, majority of our cases were discharged without any noticeable complication.
背景:急性营养不良大致分为重度急性营养不良(SAM)和中度急性营养不良(MAM)。它影响了全世界近2000万儿童,其中大多数病例发生在发展中国家。在非洲,估计0至59个月的儿童死亡中约有5%-15%是由SAM造成的。因此,本研究旨在确定急性营养不良儿童的共同临床特征和预后。方法:在吉加瓦州比宁库杜联邦医疗中心进行回顾性描述性研究。回顾了1年(2017年1月至12月)期间儿科急诊科和儿科内科病房诊断为急性营养不良的患者的病例档案。结果:研究期间共发生急性营养不良123例,其中男性53例(43.1%),女性70例(56.9%)。SAM 103例(83.7%),MAM 20例(16.3%)。其中消瘦型70例(56.9%),糜烂型10例(8.1%),糜烂型23例(18.7%)。感染是与SAM相关的最常见的发病率。相对死亡主要发生在恶性营养不良亚组(17.4%)。然而,大多数入院1-2周的患者出院时无并发症,而入院<7天的患者死亡最多,这一观察结果具有统计学意义(Fisher’s exact = 32.351, P = 0.001)。结论:消瘦仍然是SAM最常见的形式,感染是常见的合并症;然而,我们的大多数病例出院时没有任何明显的并发症。
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引用次数: 2
The role of olecranon autograft as a void filler in the surgical management of enchondroma of the phalanx- A case report 鹰嘴自体移植物在指骨内生纤维瘤手术治疗中的作用- 1例报告
IF 0.1 Q4 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_59_19
M. Mruthyunjaya, Supreeth Nekkanti, V. Sheshagiri, A. Siddartha, T. Pramod, C. Likhit, M. Ameen
Enchondromas of the phalanx are common benign tumours. They exhibit a monostotic or polyostotic pattern of presentation.These lesions are symptomatic and are usually diagnosed coincidentally. We report a 56-year-old female patient who presented to us with complaints of pain and swelling of the left-hand fourth finger when it was jammed in a gate. Plain radiograph of the hand confirmed the diagnosis of an enchondroma. A surgical curettage and olecranon bone graft was performed in this patient. In this article, the authors attempt to highlight the advantages of olecranon bone harvesting and the good functional results associated with this graft. Our patient had a good functional outcome with no evidence of recurrence at the end of one year.
指骨内生纤维瘤是常见的良性肿瘤。他们表现出单一或多骨的表现模式。这些病变是有症状的,通常是巧合诊断的。我们报告一位56岁的女性病人,她向我们投诉左手无名指被卡在门里时疼痛和肿胀。手部x线平片证实诊断为内生纤维瘤。手术刮除和鹰嘴骨移植在这个病人进行。在这篇文章中,作者试图强调鹰嘴骨采集的优点以及与此移植相关的良好功能结果。我们的病人有良好的功能结果,一年后没有复发的迹象。
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Journal of Clinical Sciences
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