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The Dermatological Diseases as part of Internal Medicine Conditions 皮肤科疾病作为内科条件的一部分
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_58_22
O. Ayanlowo
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引用次数: 1
Vitreoretinal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in patients attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic in Nigeria: A cross sectional study 在尼日利亚参加抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所的患者中,人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和获得性免疫缺陷综合征的玻璃体视网膜表现:一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_9_22
Y. Babalola, T. Oluleye, A. Ashaye
Background: The human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a multi-systemic disease with known manifestations involving all ocular structures from the orbit and ocular adnexa, anterior segment to the retina and vitreous. Some of these manifestations including cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and HIV retinopathy are HIV/AIDS-defining illnesses. The aim of this study is to determine the vitreoretinal manifestations in patients with HIV/AIDS attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic in Nigeria. Methods: This was a prospective, cross-sectional study of consenting, confirmed HIV/AIDS patients attending an antiretroviral therapy clinic in Nigeria. All willing, consecutive patients who gave an informed consent were recruited. Sociodemographic data and clinical information were collected with the use of a structured interviewer–administered questionnaire. Best-corrected visual acuity was recorded. Anterior segment and ocular adnexa examination was performed with a pen torch. Detailed anterior and posterior segment examination was performed with slit lamp biomicroscopy with Volks +78 diopter lens and binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy. The data were analyzed with SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 16. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional ethics committee. Results: Three hundred and eighteen patients were studied of which 85 (26.7%) had disorders affecting the retina and vitreous. The female-to-male ratio was 2:1. More than a third of patients (38.7%) were in the 40–49 years of age group and the mean age was 47.2 years. The most common vitreoretinal lesion was presumed ocular toxoplasmosis present in 9.7% of all respondents. This was closely followed by HIV retinopathy in 3.5%, ocular tuberculosis in 1.8%, and CMV retinitis in 1.6% respondents. Two hundred and seventy-seven (87.1%) respondents were on highly active antiretroviral therapy and 41 (12.9%) were not on treatment. Conclusion: A high prevalence of ocular conditions especially those affecting the retina and vitreous exists in patients with HIV/AIDS attending the antiretroviral therapy clinic in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Regular eye examinations are recommended for these patients to prevent potentially visual debilitating disorders.
背景:人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和获得性免疫缺陷综合征(HIV/AIDS)是一种多系统疾病,其已知表现包括眼眶和眼附件、视网膜和玻璃体前段的所有眼部结构。其中一些表现包括巨细胞病毒(CMV)视网膜炎和HIV视网膜病变是HIV/ aids的定义疾病。本研究的目的是确定在尼日利亚参加抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的玻璃体视网膜表现。方法:这是一项前瞻性、横断面研究,研究对象是尼日利亚一家抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所中同意并确诊的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者。招募了所有自愿的、连续的、给予知情同意的患者。社会人口统计数据和临床信息是用结构化的访谈者管理的问卷收集的。记录最佳矫正视力。用笔炬检查眼前节和眼附件。采用Volks +78屈光度的裂隙灯生物显微镜和双眼间接检眼镜对前后段进行了详细的检查。使用SPSS(社会科学统计软件包)16版对数据进行分析。获得了机构伦理委员会的伦理批准。结果:研究了318例患者,其中85例(26.7%)有视网膜和玻璃体病变。男女比例为2:1。超过三分之一(38.7%)的患者年龄在40-49岁之间,平均年龄为47.2岁。最常见的玻璃体视网膜病变被认为是眼部弓形虫病,在所有应答者中占9.7%。紧随其后的是3.5%的HIV视网膜病变、1.8%的眼结核和1.6%的CMV视网膜炎。277例(87.1%)接受了高效抗逆转录病毒治疗,41例(12.9%)未接受治疗。结论:在尼日利亚一家三级医院抗逆转录病毒治疗诊所就诊的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中,眼部疾病,特别是影响视网膜和玻璃体的疾病的患病率很高。建议对这些患者进行定期眼科检查,以防止潜在的视力衰弱障碍。
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引用次数: 1
Ten years experience in surgical management of congenital lung malformations: A prospective, cross sectional study 先天性肺畸形手术治疗的十年经验:一项前瞻性横断面研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_53_21
E. Ogunleye, O. Olusoji, I. Fajolu, Peter J Iwuchukwu
Background: Congenital lung malformations are very rare lung lesions caused by abnormal lung development occurring at different stages of intrauterine life. They are a spectrum of congenital malformations involving the trachea-bronchial tree, pulmonary parenchyma, and the blood vessels. They are a family of pulmonary lesions that include congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM), bronchopulmonary sequestrations, bronchogenic cysts (BC), and congenital lobar emphysema (CLE). The aim of the study is to determine the pattern of congenital malformation of the lungs and the outcomes of treatment in Lagos. Methods: This is a prospective study of all patients with congenital lung malformations referred to our center in the period between January 2011 and December 2020. All pediatric cases were diagnosed by the pediatricians in our center and confirmed with chest computed tomography (CT) scan. The adult cases were equally confirmed with a chest CT scan. The lesions encountered in this study include BC, CPAM, bronchopulmonary sequestrations, lung hypoplasia (LH), CLE, and pulmonary arterio-venous malformations. Data collected include biodata, type of malformation, mode of management (surgery), and postoperative outcome and were analyzed as percentages and mean. Results: A total of 18 patients who were diagnosed with congenital lung malformations were recruited into this study. The congenital malformations included CLE, CPAM, BC, lung sequestration, LH, and arterio-venous malformation of the lung. Children accounted for 78% (13) of the population, while the adult population was 28%.(5) The neonates constituted 22% (4) with a mean age of 7.5 ± 5.1, whilst the older children made up 50%, with a mean age of 18.8 ± 10.7 months. The mean age of the adult population was 39 ± 15 years. Seventeen (94.41) had surgery, whilst one opted for continued medical surveillance. Two patients died from postoperative respiratory failure. Conclusion: Congenital lung malformations, though rare, are a heterogeneous group of diseases with presentation, ranging from neonatal respiratory distress to asymptomatic presentation in the adult. The mainstay of management remains surgery with a reasonably good outcome.
背景:先天性肺畸形是一种非常罕见的肺部病变,发生在子宫内不同阶段的肺发育异常。它们是一种涉及气管-支气管树、肺实质和血管的先天性畸形。它们是一个肺病变家族,包括先天性肺气道畸形(CPAM)、支气管肺隔离、支气管源性囊肿(BC)和先天性肺气肿(CLE)。该研究的目的是确定肺部先天性畸形的模式和拉各斯治疗的结果。方法:对2011年1月至2020年12月至本中心就诊的所有先天性肺畸形患者进行前瞻性研究。所有患儿均由本中心儿科医师诊断,并行胸部CT扫描确诊。成人病例同样通过胸部CT扫描得到证实。本研究中遇到的病变包括BC、CPAM、支气管肺隔离、肺发育不全(LH)、CLE和肺动静脉畸形。收集的数据包括生物资料、畸形类型、处理方式(手术)和术后结果,并以百分比和平均值进行分析。结果:本研究共招募了18例诊断为先天性肺畸形的患者。先天性畸形包括CLE、CPAM、BC、肺隔离、LH和肺动静脉畸形。(5)新生儿占22%(4),平均年龄为7.5±5.1个月,年龄较大的儿童占50%,平均年龄为18.8±10.7个月。成人平均年龄39±15岁。17人(94.41人)接受了手术,1人选择继续接受医疗监测。2例患者死于术后呼吸衰竭。结论:先天性肺畸形,虽然罕见,是一个异质组疾病的表现,从新生儿呼吸窘迫到成人无症状表现。治疗的主要方法仍然是手术,其预后相当好。
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引用次数: 0
Pituitary adenoma with gangliocytoma: A rare mixed tumor in the sellar region 垂体腺瘤合并神经节细胞瘤:一种罕见的鞍区混合性肿瘤
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_26_22
A. Buch, N. Agarwal, Tushar Kambale, C. Gore
Sellar gangliocytomas are exceedingly rare, well-differentiated, low-grade neoplasms that frequently occur in the presence of a pituitary adenoma (PA). We report a case of a sellar gangliocytoma coexisting with growth hormone (GH) secreting PA. A 43-year-old man was brought to our hospital with right-eye visual disturbances for 2 months, along with headaches, acromegaly, temporal hemianopia in the right eye, and recent onset of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocrinological studies found elevated serum level of GH. A computed tomographic scan showed a mass in the sellar region with suprasellar extension and thus a diagnosis of an expanding pituitary macroadenoma was established. It was removed by transnasal transsphenoidal surgery. On histopathological examination of the resected specimen, diagnosis of mixed gangliocytoma-PA was confirmed as it showed two distinct morphological components of the tumor comprising neoplastic ganglionic cells and adenomatous cells.
鞍区神经节细胞瘤是一种罕见的、分化良好的低级别肿瘤,常与垂体腺瘤合并发生。我们报告一个病例鞍状神经节细胞瘤共存生长激素(GH)分泌PA。患者43岁,男,右眼视力障碍2个月,伴有头痛、肢端肥大症、右眼颞部偏盲,近期发病2型糖尿病。内分泌学研究发现血清生长激素水平升高。计算机断层扫描显示鞍区肿块伴鞍上延伸,因此诊断为扩大的垂体大腺瘤。经鼻蝶窦手术切除。在切除标本的组织病理学检查中,证实了混合性神经节细胞瘤- pa的诊断,因为它显示了肿瘤的两种不同的形态成分,包括肿瘤神经节细胞和腺瘤细胞。
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引用次数: 0
Screening for postpartum depression by health-care workers in Kaduna, North-Western Nigeria: A cross sectional study 筛查产后抑郁症的医护人员在卡杜纳,尼日利亚西北部:横断面研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_38_21
Amina Mohammed-Durosinlorun, Nafisatu Mamoon, B. Yakasai
Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) can be associated with adverse maternal/neonatal outcomes and screening leads to increased recognition and earlier initiation of management before more complications set in. Objectives: The objective of the study was to determine practices and attitudes towards screening for PPD among health care workers in Kaduna. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants were health-care workers providing care for pregnant women. A pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Information collected included biodemographic data, professional and hospital characteristics, knowledge, views, and practices related to PPD screening. Data were summarized using cross table and frequency tables. Chi-square or Likelihood Ratio test was used as appropriate. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 202 respondents. The mean age of participants was 34.49 ± 9.95 years. Majority of the participants had experience of 1–5 years (53, 26.2%), worked in secondary (80, 39.6%), and public (168, 83.2%) facilities. Most participants “Sometimes” or “Never” screened women for PPD (184, 91.1%), while 18 participants (8.9%) “Always” or “Often” screened for PPD. Facility level and cadre were significantly associated with routine screening for PPD (P < 0.05). Only about 10% were aware of the use of validated questionnaires as screening tools. Overall, one hundred and seventy-six participants (87.1%) had a good attitude toward screening for PPD. Religion and ethnic group were significantly associated with attitudes toward PPD screening. Conclusion: Most respondents do not routinely screen women for PPD and are not very familiar with screening tools but had good attitudes toward PPD screening.
背景:产后抑郁症(PPD)可能与孕产妇/新生儿的不良结局有关,筛查可提高对其的认识,并在出现更多并发症之前更早开始治疗。目的:本研究的目的是确定卡杜纳卫生保健工作者对产后抑郁症筛查的做法和态度。方法:采用横断面描述性研究。参与者是为孕妇提供护理的保健工作者。采用预测半结构化问卷进行数据收集。收集的信息包括生物统计学数据、专业和医院特征、知识、观点和与PPD筛查相关的实践。采用交叉表和频率表对数据进行汇总。适当时采用卡方检验或似然比检验。P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果:调查对象202人。参与者平均年龄34.49±9.95岁。大多数参与者有1-5年的工作经验(53人,26.2%),在中学(80人,39.6%)和公共机构(168人,83.2%)工作。大多数参与者“有时”或“从未”对女性进行PPD筛查(184人,91.1%),而18名参与者“总是”或“经常”进行PPD筛查(8.9%)。设施水平和干部与PPD常规筛查有显著相关性(P < 0.05)。只有大约10%的人知道使用有效的问卷作为筛选工具。总体而言,176名参与者(87.1%)对PPD筛查持良好态度。宗教和种族与PPD筛查态度显著相关。结论:大多数受访者没有对女性进行常规PPD筛查,对筛查工具也不太熟悉,但对PPD筛查的态度良好。
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引用次数: 0
Pus cell as an indicator for Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnostic yield by GeneXpert MTB/RIF in South-South Nigeria: A prospective study 脓液细胞作为尼日利亚南南地区GeneXpert MTB/RIF结核分枝杆菌诊断产量的指标:一项前瞻性研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_3_22
E. Edem, A. Umo, O. J. Akinjogunla, UnwanaEzekiel Akereuke
Background: The common problem in tuberculosis (TB) management is mis-diagnosis or under diagnosis of cases leading to high morbidity and mortality. In order to reverse this, new diagnostic tools for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) have been developed. However, in the evaluation process of these tools many studies have not considered attributes of sputum quality in their testing algorithm. The performance of laboratory tests to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis is dependent on the quality of the sputum sample tested and quality is measured by the number of pus and epithelial cells present in sputum. Aims and Objectives: this study aimed at investigating the association between pus cell and MTB positivity. Methods: Sputum samples from 140 suspected TB participants were screened for sputum quality and MTB using macroscopy, Ziehl-Neelson staining and GeneXpert techniques. Results: Of the 140 sputum samples subjected to AFB microscopy and GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, GeneXpert assay had 32 (22.9%) MTB positives while AFB smear had 27 (19.3%) MTB positives and there was no significant relationship between sputum type and MTB yield by AFB compared to Xpert that showed significant relationship between sputum type and MTB yield with P<0.005. Out of the 37 sputum samples with pus cells ≥25, 29 (90.6%) were MTB positive by Xpert and 25 (92.6%) were MTB positive by AFB smear. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study shows a high significant association between pus cells presence and the methods and therefore suggests that presence of pus cells in sputum is predictive for possible positivity to MTB by Xpert MTB/RIF.
背景:结核病(TB)治疗的常见问题是误诊或漏诊导致高发病率和死亡率。为了扭转这种情况,已经开发了检测结核分枝杆菌(MTB)的新诊断工具。然而,在这些工具的评估过程中,许多研究并没有在测试算法中考虑痰液质量的属性。诊断肺结核的实验室检查的效果取决于所测痰样的质量,质量是通过痰中脓和上皮细胞的数量来衡量的。目的和目的:本研究旨在探讨脓液细胞与结核分枝杆菌阳性的关系。方法:采用显微镜、Ziehl-Neelson染色和GeneXpert技术对140例疑似结核病患者的痰液样本进行痰质和结核分枝杆菌筛查。结果:140份痰液标本经AFB镜检和GeneXpert MTB/RIF检测,GeneXpert检测32例(22.9%)MTB阳性,AFB涂片检测27例(19.3%)MTB阳性,痰液类型与AFB产率无显著相关性,而Xpert检测痰液类型与MTB产率有显著相关性(P<0.005)。37份脓细胞≥25的痰液样本中,Xpert检测MTB阳性29份(90.6%),AFB涂片检测MTB阳性25份(92.6%)。结论:总之,我们的研究显示脓细胞的存在与检测方法之间存在高度显著的相关性,因此表明痰中脓细胞的存在可以预测Xpert MTB/RIF对MTB可能的阳性反应。
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引用次数: 1
Colonic polyps in Nigerians, a change in trends: A retrospective single-center clinicopathological study 尼日利亚人结肠息肉的趋势变化:一项回顾性单中心临床病理研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_31_21
O. Adegoke, M. Ajani, I. Nwanji
Background: Adenomatous polyps in the colon are recognized precursors of colorectal carcinoma; however, the low incidence of these polyps in sub-Saharan Africans has led many to believe that the pathway of colorectal cancer may differ in this region. The objective of this study was aimed to determine the change in trends of colonic polyps in Nigeria. Methods: This was a 10-year retrospective review of all colonic polyp specimens received at the Department of Pathology in our hospital utilizing the histopathology request cards and hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides. The data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics (version 23; IBM Corporation, Armonk, New York, USA). Results: A total of 131 cases were reviewed. The age of patients ranged from 5 to 86 years with a mean age of 55 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1. The mean age was 59.4 years. Of the 131 cases reviewed, 62 patients had adenomatous polyps, 49 had inflammatory polyps while 20 others included juvenile polyps, hyperplastic polyps, and hamartomatous polyps. Conclusion: Adenomatous polyps are increasingly being seen among Africans in the sub-Sahara region and perhaps they are not as rare as it was once thought provided the facilities for the diagnosis are available. They may yet play a more important role than has been ascribed to them in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinomas in Africans.
背景:结肠腺瘤性息肉是公认的大肠癌的前兆;然而,这些息肉在撒哈拉以南非洲地区的低发病率使许多人认为该地区结直肠癌的途径可能不同。本研究的目的是确定尼日利亚结肠息肉的变化趋势。方法:采用组织病理学要求卡、苏木精和伊红染色载玻片对我院病理科室收治的所有结肠息肉标本进行10年回顾性分析。使用IBM SPSS Statistics (version 23;IBM公司,阿蒙克,纽约,美国)。结果:共回顾131例。患者年龄5 ~ 86岁,平均55岁。男女比例为1.6:1。平均年龄59.4岁。在131例病例中,62例为腺瘤性息肉,49例为炎性息肉,另外20例为幼年性息肉、增生性息肉和错构瘤性息肉。结论:腺瘤性息肉在撒哈拉以南非洲地区的发病率越来越高,如果诊断设备可用,可能并不像以前认为的那样罕见。在非洲人结直肠癌的发病机制中,它们可能发挥着比人们认为的更重要的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Folliculitis keloidalis in an urban market in Lagos, Nigeria: A community survey 尼日利亚拉各斯一个城市市场的瘢痕性毛囊炎:一项社区调查
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_49_21
O. Ayanlowo, E. Anaba, A. Akinkugbe, E. Otrofanowei, O. Cole-Adeife, M. Karami
Background: Folliculitis keloidalis (FK) also known as acne keloidalis nuchae is a follicular scalp disease found predominantly in males of African origin. Studies suggested that FK is associated with hair care practices and shaving. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FK in a community in Lagos. Methods: This was a community-based, cross-sectional study at the Sandgrouse market in Lagos Island, Nigeria. Self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain demographic and clinical information. Diagnosis of FK was clinical and included follicular and keloidal papules, pustules, nodules, and tumors at the nape, sometimes spreading to other parts of the scalp, with intense itching. Results: A total of 100 males and 207 women were enlisted in the study and clinically evaluated for features of FK. None of the female participants presented with history and clinical features of FK. Seventy-five percent were between the age of 30 and 60 years. Fifteen male participants had a prior history of FK on the scalp and eight had previous treatment. Examination revealed the presence of FK in four respondents (4%): 3 had only on the scalp and one had on both the scalp and the beard area; and none had keloidal lesions. Conclusion: All respondents with FK presented at the early stage with keratotic/follicular papules. We posit that self-treatment with antibiotics and triple action creams (consisting of potent steroids, antifungal, and antibiotic) sold in the market and over the counter is responsible for the early and mild presentation.
背景:瘢痕疙瘩性毛囊炎(FK)也被称为颈部瘢痕疙瘩性痤疮是一种毛囊性头皮疾病,主要见于非洲裔男性。研究表明,FK与头发护理和剃须有关。本研究旨在确定拉各斯某社区FK的流行情况。方法:这是一项在尼日利亚拉各斯岛沙鸡市场进行的以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用自我管理的问卷来获取人口统计和临床信息。FK的诊断是临床的,包括滤泡和瘢痕丘疹、脓疱、结节和颈部肿瘤,有时扩散到头皮其他部位,伴有强烈的瘙痒。结果:共有100名男性和207名女性被纳入研究,并对FK的特征进行了临床评估。所有女性受试者均无FK病史和临床特征。75%的人年龄在30到60岁之间。15名男性受试者有头皮FK病史,8名既往接受过治疗。检查显示4名受访者(4%)存在FK: 3人仅在头皮上,1人在头皮和胡须区域都有;没有人有瘢痕病变。结论:所有FK患者在早期均表现为角化性/滤泡性丘疹。我们认为,市场上和柜台上销售的抗生素和三重作用药膏(由强效类固醇、抗真菌药和抗生素组成)的自我治疗是早期和轻度症状的原因。
{"title":"Folliculitis keloidalis in an urban market in Lagos, Nigeria: A community survey","authors":"O. Ayanlowo, E. Anaba, A. Akinkugbe, E. Otrofanowei, O. Cole-Adeife, M. Karami","doi":"10.4103/jcls.jcls_49_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcls.jcls_49_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Folliculitis keloidalis (FK) also known as acne keloidalis nuchae is a follicular scalp disease found predominantly in males of African origin. Studies suggested that FK is associated with hair care practices and shaving. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FK in a community in Lagos. Methods: This was a community-based, cross-sectional study at the Sandgrouse market in Lagos Island, Nigeria. Self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain demographic and clinical information. Diagnosis of FK was clinical and included follicular and keloidal papules, pustules, nodules, and tumors at the nape, sometimes spreading to other parts of the scalp, with intense itching. Results: A total of 100 males and 207 women were enlisted in the study and clinically evaluated for features of FK. None of the female participants presented with history and clinical features of FK. Seventy-five percent were between the age of 30 and 60 years. Fifteen male participants had a prior history of FK on the scalp and eight had previous treatment. Examination revealed the presence of FK in four respondents (4%): 3 had only on the scalp and one had on both the scalp and the beard area; and none had keloidal lesions. Conclusion: All respondents with FK presented at the early stage with keratotic/follicular papules. We posit that self-treatment with antibiotics and triple action creams (consisting of potent steroids, antifungal, and antibiotic) sold in the market and over the counter is responsible for the early and mild presentation.","PeriodicalId":15490,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90815071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perception of healthcare workers towards the government's Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic response in Ekiti State, Nigeria: A cross sectional study 尼日利亚埃基蒂州医护人员对政府2019冠状病毒病大流行应对措施的看法:一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_14_21
A. Adeniran, E. Oluwole, F. Chieme, B. Olujobi, M. Ilesanmi, O. Ojo, M. Akinyinka
Background: Globally, coronavirus 2019 pandemic has led to severe illnesses, loss of lives, and social disruption in Nigeria. Ekiti State government introduced different strategies, protocols, and standard operating procedures in the control of the pandemic. This study assessed the perception of primary healthcare workers (HCWs) to the measures introduced to combat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between August and September 2020 among primary HCWs in Ekiti State. A Google survey tool was used to create an online questionnaire which was administered to respondents on social media platform. Analysis was done using STATA SE 12. Descriptive and bivariate analysis were conducted with a level of significance set at P < 0.05. Results: The mean ± standard deviation age of the respondents was 44.2 ± 6.7 years. Almost all (99.4%) of respondents had heard of COVID-19 pandemic while less than three-quarter (67.7%) had been trained on COVID-19. About half (54.6%) and (50.0%), respectively had good knowledge and perception of COVID-19, while three-quarter (75%) had good practice. About half (50.4%) had good perception about government's response toward COVID-19 prevention and protocols. Social and news media and family and friends were significantly associated with respondents' perception toward government' response (P = 0.000; 0.006 and 0.011) respectively. Similarly, the level of perception and practice of respondents were found to be statistically significant with respondent's perception of government response to COVID-19 (P = 0.001 and 0.040) respectively. Conclusion: Only about half of the respondents had good knowledge of COVID-19 and positive perception toward government's response to COVID-19 pandemic. Intensification of government's efforts toward the pandemic control in Nigeria is recommended.
背景:在全球范围内,2019年冠状病毒大流行在尼日利亚造成了严重疾病、生命损失和社会混乱。埃基蒂州政府在控制大流行方面采取了不同的战略、协议和标准操作程序。本研究评估了初级卫生保健工作者(HCWs)对尼日利亚埃基蒂州为抗击2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行而采取的措施的看法。方法:本研究是一项描述性横断面研究,于2020年8月至9月在埃基蒂州的初级卫生保健工作者中进行。使用谷歌调查工具创建在线问卷,并在社交媒体平台上对受访者进行管理。使用STATA SE 12进行分析。进行描述性和双变量分析,显著性水平为P < 0.05。结果:被调查者的平均±标准差年龄为44.2±6.7岁。几乎所有(99.4%)的受访者都听说过COVID-19大流行,而不到四分之三(67.7%)的受访者接受过COVID-19培训。大约一半(54.6%)和50.0%)的人对新冠肺炎有良好的认识和认知,四分之三(75%)的人有良好的实践。大约一半(50.4%)的人对政府对新冠肺炎的应对和方案的看法是好的。社会和新闻媒体以及家人和朋友与受访者对政府反应的看法显著相关(P = 0.000;0.006和0.011)。同样,受访者的感知水平和实践水平与受访者对政府应对COVID-19的看法分别具有统计学意义(P = 0.001和0.040)。结论:只有约一半的受访者对COVID-19有良好的了解,对政府应对COVID-19大流行的看法是积极的。建议尼日利亚政府加强对疫情控制的努力。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, attitude, and prescribing practices of antimicrobials among doctors in the outpatient departments of Lagos university teaching hospital Idi-Araba: A cross sectional study 拉各斯大学i- araba教学医院门诊医生抗菌药物知识、态度和处方实践:一项横断面研究
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/jcls.jcls_32_21
B. Akodu, Raheem Bisola, L. Temitope, Lawal Abdulrazzaq, Oshun Philip, Baiyeroju Ibukunoluwa, Orumbie Patrick, Olokodana-Adesalu Olufunmilayo, Oyeleke Ganiya, Osuagwu Chioma, Oduyebo Oyinlola
Background: Antimicrobial prescription becomes inappropriate when there is overprescribing, unsuitable dosage and when patients do not complete their treatments. In the outpatient settings, irrational prescription of antibiotics is more evident and has led to the development of resistance, adverse reactions, and increased health care costs. Understanding the knowledge, driving forces and practices of prescribing antibiotics is a step towards ensuring rational use of antibiotics. The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of antimicrobial prescription among doctors in the outpatient departments of Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-Araba. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted consecutively among 259 doctors in the outpatient departments of LUTH. Data entry and analysis were performed using Epi info software version 7. The level of statistical significance was at P < 0.05. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 33.5 ± 6.9 years. Majority of the respondents were males (58.7%). One-third (39%) had between 6 and 10 years of work experience. One-fifth (20.8%) of the respondents were from the department of surgery. Almost all (98.8%) had an overall good knowledge of antibiotics. Majority, (95.4%) had a good attitude towards prescribing. Two-third (63%) requested for a laboratory test before prescribing. However, less than half (44.4%) prescribed based on guidelines and more than half (56.8%) had received trainings on antibiotics prescriptions. Two-third (63.7%) of the respondents had good prescribing practices. There was a statistically significant association between the years of work experience and knowledge of prescribing antibiotics (P = 0.036). Conclusion: Majority had good knowledge and positive attitude toward prescribing. The severity of infection, availability of the drug, cost of the drug, and clinical response of the patients were the major predictors of antimicrobial prescription of the respondents. Antimicrobial stewardship programs should be enhanced and antibiotic surveillance should be improved.
背景:当处方过量、剂量不合适以及患者未完成治疗时,抗菌药物处方就不合适。在门诊环境中,抗生素的不合理处方更为明显,并导致耐药性,不良反应的发展,并增加了卫生保健费用。了解抗生素处方的知识、驱动力和做法是确保合理使用抗生素的一个步骤。本研究旨在了解拉各斯大学伊迪-阿拉巴教学医院门诊医生抗菌药物处方知识、态度和实践情况。方法:采用横断面研究方法,对我院门诊259名医生进行连续调查。使用Epi info软件进行数据录入和分析。差异有统计学意义,P < 0.05。结果:调查对象平均年龄为33.5±6.9岁。受访者以男性居多(58.7%)。三分之一(39%)的人有6到10年的工作经验。五分之一(20.8%)的受访者来自外科。几乎所有人(98.8%)对抗生素有全面的了解。绝大多数(95.4%)对处方持良好态度。三分之二(63%)的患者要求在开药前进行实验室检查。然而,不到一半(44.4%)的人按照指南开处方,超过一半(56.8%)的人接受过抗生素处方培训。三分之二(63.7%)的应答者具有良好的处方规范。工作年限与抗菌药物处方知识之间有统计学意义的相关性(P = 0.036)。结论:多数患者对处方有良好的认识和积极的态度。感染的严重程度、药物的可得性、药物的成本和患者的临床反应是受访者抗菌药物处方的主要预测因素。抗菌素管理规划应加强,抗生素监测应改善。
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Journal of Clinical Sciences
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