Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4739
Sharmistha Purkayastha, R. Shirley Fernando
The Northeast of India has hardly received any attention till recent times due to administrative and political negligence by the centre, which has led to the marginalization of the various groups of people residing in the region. Northeast has become one of India’s post-independent others like many other subaltern groups within the nation. Given the history of violence and insurgency from different pockets of the region, the people from mainland India have grossly misunderstood the tribal people of Northeast and have not made any attempt to comprehend their lives and culture. The literature from this region, with a rich history of oral tradition among many diverse communities inhabiting the Northeast, is attempting to become an instrument to depict the experiences of the people and at the same time provide a platform to the dissenting voices from the region. This paper proposes to explore the peripheral voices of the Naga people protesting against the social ills administered by the Centre that have affected their harmonious living in the society. Easterine Kire in her novels A Terrible Matriarchy and Bitter Wormwood exhibits how the Naga people living in the periphery are discriminated by the centre and what impact it has on their lives.
{"title":"Peripheral Voices in Easterine Kire’s A Terrible Matriarchy and Bitter Wormwood","authors":"Sharmistha Purkayastha, R. Shirley Fernando","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4739","url":null,"abstract":"The Northeast of India has hardly received any attention till recent times due to administrative and political negligence by the centre, which has led to the marginalization of the various groups of people residing in the region. Northeast has become one of India’s post-independent others like many other subaltern groups within the nation. Given the history of violence and insurgency from different pockets of the region, the people from mainland India have grossly misunderstood the tribal people of Northeast and have not made any attempt to comprehend their lives and culture. The literature from this region, with a rich history of oral tradition among many diverse communities inhabiting the Northeast, is attempting to become an instrument to depict the experiences of the people and at the same time provide a platform to the dissenting voices from the region. This paper proposes to explore the peripheral voices of the Naga people protesting against the social ills administered by the Centre that have affected their harmonious living in the society. Easterine Kire in her novels A Terrible Matriarchy and Bitter Wormwood exhibits how the Naga people living in the periphery are discriminated by the centre and what impact it has on their lives.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116081212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4725
J. Delicea Jasmine
The aim of this paper The Handmaid’s Tale is to scrutinize issues. As there is plenty of traditional feminist critique of male power structures in Atwood’s works, The Handmaid’s Tale argues the power structure of Gilead also analyses the feminine roles that support and allow the suppression of other women. Placing the novel in the contexts of Atwood’s career, feminism, and dystopian literature, provides a fuller understanding of how the novel functions as an expression of the divergence of women. Margaret Atwood focuses on the problems such as gender equality and the dangers of a hierarchical- structured system for women’s oppression. Her focal point is to mention the subservience of women in a male-dominated society and women’s enslavement in a consumer society in which women’s body is handled as object, an instrument and also as adorable item. Margaret Atwood is one of the foremost vivid writers in current Canadian literature. She has vigorously contributed to Canadian politics and its cause. Her works are mostly associated with social and political issues. She contemplates the relation between men and ladies and human basic rights. the topic of gender is the author’s major concern. She depicts the ladies in her novels that always search for their identity which is lost within the male-controlled societies. Oppression of ladies is another theme for her novels and it may be seen evidently in her writings. She encounters the lower position of girls in society. Atwood’s images of gender, the mistreatment and coercion of ladies, predominantly women’s bodies. She signifies the misery of her female characters limited in their feminine roles in her novels. Moreover, femininity is the main fear for examining The Handmaid’s Tale. In Gilead society, women are depressed about their freedom and ordered to serve the state in numerous ways and functions.
{"title":"The Serfdom of Women Portrayed by Margaret Atwoodin The Handmaid’s Tale","authors":"J. Delicea Jasmine","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4725","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper The Handmaid’s Tale is to scrutinize issues. As there is plenty of traditional feminist critique of male power structures in Atwood’s works, The Handmaid’s Tale argues the power structure of Gilead also analyses the feminine roles that support and allow the suppression of other women. Placing the novel in the contexts of Atwood’s career, feminism, and dystopian literature, provides a fuller understanding of how the novel functions as an expression of the divergence of women. Margaret Atwood focuses on the problems such as gender equality and the dangers of a hierarchical- structured system for women’s oppression. Her focal point is to mention the subservience of women in a male-dominated society and women’s enslavement in a consumer society in which women’s body is handled as object, an instrument and also as adorable item. Margaret Atwood is one of the foremost vivid writers in current Canadian literature. She has vigorously contributed to Canadian politics and its cause. Her works are mostly associated with social and political issues. She contemplates the relation between men and ladies and human basic rights. the topic of gender is the author’s major concern. She depicts the ladies in her novels that always search for their identity which is lost within the male-controlled societies. Oppression of ladies is another theme for her novels and it may be seen evidently in her writings. She encounters the lower position of girls in society. Atwood’s images of gender, the mistreatment and coercion of ladies, predominantly women’s bodies. She signifies the misery of her female characters limited in their feminine roles in her novels. Moreover, femininity is the main fear for examining The Handmaid’s Tale. In Gilead society, women are depressed about their freedom and ordered to serve the state in numerous ways and functions.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116741292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4728
PD Mary Portia
{"title":"An Inquist Study on Sufferings of Dalit in Bama’s Karukku","authors":"PD Mary Portia","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4728","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130603770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4730
M. Vinoth, Binu Anitha Joseph
Kamala Markandaya is one of the best of contemporary Indian novelists. Her novels are remarkable for their wide range of experience. She has been most successful and impressive, in dealing with the problems of the educated middle class. She has a gift in particular for delineating the self-imposed laceration of the dissatisfied. Women in the novels of Kamala Markandaya are the victims of social and economic pressures and disparities. However, they raise above all these and cross the barriers of discrimination only for the larger concepts of universal love and concord. Indeed, their vitality, both physical and emotional is appreciable. Markandaya’s characters belong to the different strata of society viz., peasants, and middle class educated women as well as from the royal families. Nevertheless the common thread in all her women characters is that the quest for autonomy for the self, coupled with nurturance for the family They also confront with several obstacles emerging mainly from the irregularities in the social system along with economic difficulties. They develop a mature vision of life when they grapple with these forces. Though the desire of autonomy and nurturance leads to disillusionment at every stage, the women characters remain form without losing courage. Kamala Markandaya’s women are in search of something positive. She portrays a gloomy scenario of Indian life due to changes in social, economic and political spheres. She believes that togetherness and mutual understanding can create a meaningful existence for mankind. The paper attempts to throw light on the identity crisis of the women characters in The Golden Honeycomb.
{"title":"Predicament of Identity in Kamala Markandeya’s The Golden Honeycomb","authors":"M. Vinoth, Binu Anitha Joseph","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4730","url":null,"abstract":"Kamala Markandaya is one of the best of contemporary Indian novelists. Her novels are remarkable for their wide range of experience. She has been most successful and impressive, in dealing with the problems of the educated middle class. She has a gift in particular for delineating the self-imposed laceration of the dissatisfied. Women in the novels of Kamala Markandaya are the victims of social and economic pressures and disparities. However, they raise above all these and cross the barriers of discrimination only for the larger concepts of universal love and concord. Indeed, their vitality, both physical and emotional is appreciable. Markandaya’s characters belong to the different strata of society viz., peasants, and middle class educated women as well as from the royal families. Nevertheless the common thread in all her women characters is that the quest for autonomy for the self, coupled with nurturance for the family They also confront with several obstacles emerging mainly from the irregularities in the social system along with economic difficulties. They develop a mature vision of life when they grapple with these forces. Though the desire of autonomy and nurturance leads to disillusionment at every stage, the women characters remain form without losing courage. Kamala Markandaya’s women are in search of something positive. She portrays a gloomy scenario of Indian life due to changes in social, economic and political spheres. She believes that togetherness and mutual understanding can create a meaningful existence for mankind. The paper attempts to throw light on the identity crisis of the women characters in The Golden Honeycomb.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115035935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4717
Fr Carlos Luis SAC
There is always a struggle to accept the difference one feels in oneself as far as gender is concerned. Because society conceptualizes the terms as per the arising needs. Not just conceptualizes but generates possibilities to how one should behave as a particular gender, which then stereotypes a gender. The developments in this regard take time to percolate into the minds of the people in society. Less of a discussion leads to less acceptance of anything different from the normally accepted binary. This paper analyses this process that an individual goes through trying to understand one’s gender, the difficult situations that one has to go through while one displays one’s gender. Arjie struggles to understand himself in the first place. Arjie only through and at various stages of his life understands himself and without taking the effort to convince others, lives his life. The process of convincing others would anyway lead to a dead end. At the time when Shyam Selvadurai wrote and published the novel i.e. 1994, society wasn’t ready to learn about different genders or sexuality for that matter. Therefore, this novel stood apart and won Lambda Literary Award for Gay Fiction. Shyam Selvadurai presents Sri Lanka and its slow but steady Sinhala-Tamil tensions leading up to the 1993 riots. So alongside the character, Arjie had to deal with his ethnic identity and sexual identity which wasn’t easy for Arjie. The paper also presents the psychological development especially during the process of his ‘coming out’ and the ‘invitation in.’
{"title":"Issues of Gender Identity Formation with Reference to ‘Funny Boy’ by Shyam Selvadurai","authors":"Fr Carlos Luis SAC","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4717","url":null,"abstract":"There is always a struggle to accept the difference one feels in oneself as far as gender is concerned. Because society conceptualizes the terms as per the arising needs. Not just conceptualizes but generates possibilities to how one should behave as a particular gender, which then stereotypes a gender. The developments in this regard take time to percolate into the minds of the people in society. Less of a discussion leads to less acceptance of anything different from the normally accepted binary. This paper analyses this process that an individual goes through trying to understand one’s gender, the difficult situations that one has to go through while one displays one’s gender. Arjie struggles to understand himself in the first place. Arjie only through and at various stages of his life understands himself and without taking the effort to convince others, lives his life. The process of convincing others would anyway lead to a dead end. At the time when Shyam Selvadurai wrote and published the novel i.e. 1994, society wasn’t ready to learn about different genders or sexuality for that matter. Therefore, this novel stood apart and won Lambda Literary Award for Gay Fiction. Shyam Selvadurai presents Sri Lanka and its slow but steady Sinhala-Tamil tensions leading up to the 1993 riots. So alongside the character, Arjie had to deal with his ethnic identity and sexual identity which wasn’t easy for Arjie. The paper also presents the psychological development especially during the process of his ‘coming out’ and the ‘invitation in.’","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129327434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4722
R. Mamata
India in the turn of the millennium has encountered with liberalization, globalization and privatization subsequently resulting in paradigm shift encompassing all activities along with trade and commerce. This transnational and transcultural phenomenon has brought to India advanced technologies with economic opportunities to provide talented and hardworking minds to grow by new exposure and unbiased platforms whicheventually proved boon to the victims of restricted stratified society. To the parallel of legacy of family business, ran the entrepreneurship aspirations by many newcomers in the field to claim the share in emerging economy which had witnessed drastic change with the arrival of greater ideas and dreams. Aravind Adiga’s Man Booker awardee novel The White Tiger, published in 2008 has encapsulated the nuances of globalized contemporary society and foreseen the trend of entrepreneurships and surge of startups to change the scenario to great extent in near future. The protagonist of the narrative, Balram Halwai, a village boy from Bihar emerges as a successful entrepreneur in the cosmopolitan and global backdrop of Bengaluru; the silicon valley of India. The IT/BT revolution in India post-Y2K has strengthened its socioeconomic status in global forum. Recently India has displaced the UK and occupied third positionnext to the USA and China in terms of the number of unicorns created in 2021. This paper attempts to analyse the dynamics of globalizationas a paradigm shift as portrayed in The White Tiger.
{"title":"Aravind Adiga’s The White Tiger: Precursor Narrative of Upcoming Unicorns in India under Globalization","authors":"R. Mamata","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4722","url":null,"abstract":"India in the turn of the millennium has encountered with liberalization, globalization and privatization subsequently resulting in paradigm shift encompassing all activities along with trade and commerce. This transnational and transcultural phenomenon has brought to India advanced technologies with economic opportunities to provide talented and hardworking minds to grow by new exposure and unbiased platforms whicheventually proved boon to the victims of restricted stratified society. To the parallel of legacy of family business, ran the entrepreneurship aspirations by many newcomers in the field to claim the share in emerging economy which had witnessed drastic change with the arrival of greater ideas and dreams. Aravind Adiga’s Man Booker awardee novel The White Tiger, published in 2008 has encapsulated the nuances of globalized contemporary society and foreseen the trend of entrepreneurships and surge of startups to change the scenario to great extent in near future. The protagonist of the narrative, Balram Halwai, a village boy from Bihar emerges as a successful entrepreneur in the cosmopolitan and global backdrop of Bengaluru; the silicon valley of India. The IT/BT revolution in India post-Y2K has strengthened its socioeconomic status in global forum. Recently India has displaced the UK and occupied third positionnext to the USA and China in terms of the number of unicorns created in 2021. This paper attempts to analyse the dynamics of globalizationas a paradigm shift as portrayed in The White Tiger.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"25 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121011665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4734
T. Manickam, K. Nagarathinam
This paper clearly focuses on The Representation of Unattainable love in T.S Pillai’s Chemmeen. Chemmeen is one of the celebrated works in Indian Literature. He is known as Malayalam novelist and Short story writer. His novels and short stories mostly focused on oppressed classes of Kerala in the mid twentieth century. Chemmeen is translated by Anita Nair from Malayalam into English in 2011. The author portrays Karuthamma and Pareekutty as lovers in the novel. The pitiable lovers of the novel are playing a vital role in the novel. They struggle a lot to express their love each other. They don’t even express their love through words but through eyes, they speak a lot. The lovers love to speak and spend time with one another. Both of them are unable to reach the destination of marriage. The tradition, customs and society are the major reasons of the unattainable love of Karuthamma and Pareekutty. They are unable to hide their love from one another when problem occurs. The author clearly presents happiness and pain of the lovers. Further, the writer describes their suffering in life without their loved one. The protagonist belongs to the fisher community. Her lover is known as Muslim trader. As per the customs of fisher community, a fisher woman should not maintain a relationship with a man belonging to another community.
{"title":"The Representation of Unattainable Love in T.S Pillai’s Chemmeen","authors":"T. Manickam, K. Nagarathinam","doi":"10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10is1-jan2022.4734","url":null,"abstract":"This paper clearly focuses on The Representation of Unattainable love in T.S Pillai’s Chemmeen. Chemmeen is one of the celebrated works in Indian Literature. He is known as Malayalam novelist and Short story writer. His novels and short stories mostly focused on oppressed classes of Kerala in the mid twentieth century. Chemmeen is translated by Anita Nair from Malayalam into English in 2011. The author portrays Karuthamma and Pareekutty as lovers in the novel. The pitiable lovers of the novel are playing a vital role in the novel. They struggle a lot to express their love each other. They don’t even express their love through words but through eyes, they speak a lot. The lovers love to speak and spend time with one another. Both of them are unable to reach the destination of marriage. The tradition, customs and society are the major reasons of the unattainable love of Karuthamma and Pareekutty. They are unable to hide their love from one another when problem occurs. The author clearly presents happiness and pain of the lovers. Further, the writer describes their suffering in life without their loved one. The protagonist belongs to the fisher community. Her lover is known as Muslim trader. As per the customs of fisher community, a fisher woman should not maintain a relationship with a man belonging to another community.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122815388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10i1.4428
J. Murugesan
An Amazonian Goddess who was raised a warrior set in World War I, screams the impact of Marxism. Wonder Women (2017), produced by DC, has a nominal heroine who seems like an icon of Feminism but is instead the opposite in close observation. Though the character seems vigorously empowered, she is reduced to a commodity in the clutches of capitalism. Wonder Woman’s labour was tried to fit into the domestic sphere. This paper would explore the film from the focal lenses of Marxist Feminism. The investigative questions revolve around ‘cheap labour,’ ‘reserve labour,’ and ‘reproduction.’ Also, the marginalized status of other proletariats is examined. How the character becomes a target of capitalism by pushing her into the domestic sphere and objectification is the paper’s primary concern. The paper would use a qualitative approach to achieve the desired result. The analysis will be a subjective judgment based on the film text. The characters’ cognitive behavior and the surrounding are a central element that will be explored through the narrative analysis. The research methodology will employ conceptualization and qualitative design and methodology.
{"title":"Labour in Wonder Woman: A Marxist Feminist Reading","authors":"J. Murugesan","doi":"10.34293/english.v10i1.4428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10i1.4428","url":null,"abstract":"An Amazonian Goddess who was raised a warrior set in World War I, screams the impact of Marxism. Wonder Women (2017), produced by DC, has a nominal heroine who seems like an icon of Feminism but is instead the opposite in close observation. Though the character seems vigorously empowered, she is reduced to a commodity in the clutches of capitalism. Wonder Woman’s labour was tried to fit into the domestic sphere. This paper would explore the film from the focal lenses of Marxist Feminism. The investigative questions revolve around ‘cheap labour,’ ‘reserve labour,’ and ‘reproduction.’ Also, the marginalized status of other proletariats is examined. How the character becomes a target of capitalism by pushing her into the domestic sphere and objectification is the paper’s primary concern. The paper would use a qualitative approach to achieve the desired result. The analysis will be a subjective judgment based on the film text. The characters’ cognitive behavior and the surrounding are a central element that will be explored through the narrative analysis. The research methodology will employ conceptualization and qualitative design and methodology.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124365699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10i1.4252
L. Sharma
The Hollow Men by Eliot is a widely read poem which is structured of five sections. These sections deal with a group of hollow men unable to communicate with one another, a hollow man who is afraid to look at others directly, the barren land where they cannot fulfill their desire, their unwillingness to look at others and to be looked at by them,and finally a nursery rhyme which they can’t recite completely respectively. They are unable to think, create, respond and act because of the shadow that falls in between them.This article primarily explores men’s spiritual vacuity and inefficacy in this poem. It is an episodic free verse poem which reflects the poet’s pessimistic vision towards the human life and the present world. The poet presents the men as effigies which lack human efficiency and the world as a dead cactus land lacking the spring of blooms and joys. It reflects the conditions and contexts of modern men through divergent allusions. Men feel helpless and lonely despite being in a group, find no senses and meanings in spite of their assertions, realize their inefficiency and inability despite their sound health and certificates, feel unfortunate and miserable in spite of their material advancement and wealth, and find death in their lives despite being alive.
{"title":"Men’s Spiritual Vacuity and Inefficacy in Eliot’s Poem The Hollow Men","authors":"L. Sharma","doi":"10.34293/english.v10i1.4252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10i1.4252","url":null,"abstract":"The Hollow Men by Eliot is a widely read poem which is structured of five sections. These sections deal with a group of hollow men unable to communicate with one another, a hollow man who is afraid to look at others directly, the barren land where they cannot fulfill their desire, their unwillingness to look at others and to be looked at by them,and finally a nursery rhyme which they can’t recite completely respectively. They are unable to think, create, respond and act because of the shadow that falls in between them.This article primarily explores men’s spiritual vacuity and inefficacy in this poem. It is an episodic free verse poem which reflects the poet’s pessimistic vision towards the human life and the present world. The poet presents the men as effigies which lack human efficiency and the world as a dead cactus land lacking the spring of blooms and joys. It reflects the conditions and contexts of modern men through divergent allusions. Men feel helpless and lonely despite being in a group, find no senses and meanings in spite of their assertions, realize their inefficiency and inability despite their sound health and certificates, feel unfortunate and miserable in spite of their material advancement and wealth, and find death in their lives despite being alive.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"2 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127433420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.34293/english.v10i1.4315
Anup Kumar Kujur
The main objective is to highlight some of the distinctive features pertaining to agreement phenomenon and language structure in Kisan. It is a agglutinative language having nominative-accusative case markings. The characteristics of an agglutinative language has gradually beenconverged with those of analytic language like Hindi and Odia which are the dominant languages of the region.
{"title":"Subject-Verb Relation in North Dravidian Language","authors":"Anup Kumar Kujur","doi":"10.34293/english.v10i1.4315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34293/english.v10i1.4315","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective is to highlight some of the distinctive features pertaining to agreement phenomenon and language structure in Kisan. It is a agglutinative language having nominative-accusative case markings. The characteristics of an agglutinative language has gradually beenconverged with those of analytic language like Hindi and Odia which are the dominant languages of the region.","PeriodicalId":155026,"journal":{"name":"Shanlax International Journal of English","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114831903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}