This review article addresses microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a renewable energy source. MFCs are bioelectrochemical systems that use exoelectrogenic bacterial communities under anaerobic conditions to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. These systems are attracting attention due to their potential to reduce overall energy consumption, produce zero carbon emissions, and exhibit high energy density. The rapid development of renewable energy sources has increased the potential for bioenergy, particularly MFCs, to become one of the most important energy sources of the future. In addition to energy production, MFCs show potential for bioremediation and efficient removal of various pollutants. While MFC technology currently has limited application at the laboratory level, it is expected to increase in commercial use in the near future and offers great potential in the areas of renewable energy and environmental sustainability. This review article focuses on the historical and ecological development of the components used in MFCs, examining in detail their evolution and use in MFCs for renewable energy production.
{"title":"Components used in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for renewable energy generation: A review of their historical and ecological development","authors":"Necla Altin, R. G. Akay","doi":"10.1115/1.4062991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062991","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This review article addresses microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a renewable energy source. MFCs are bioelectrochemical systems that use exoelectrogenic bacterial communities under anaerobic conditions to convert chemical energy into electrical energy. These systems are attracting attention due to their potential to reduce overall energy consumption, produce zero carbon emissions, and exhibit high energy density. The rapid development of renewable energy sources has increased the potential for bioenergy, particularly MFCs, to become one of the most important energy sources of the future. In addition to energy production, MFCs show potential for bioremediation and efficient removal of various pollutants. While MFC technology currently has limited application at the laboratory level, it is expected to increase in commercial use in the near future and offers great potential in the areas of renewable energy and environmental sustainability. This review article focuses on the historical and ecological development of the components used in MFCs, examining in detail their evolution and use in MFCs for renewable energy production.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44445240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To solve the problem of inconsistency in the use of series-connected lithium-ion battery packs, this paper proposed a topological structure of dual-layer equalization based on a flying capacitor circuit and Cuk circuit, as well as a control strategy seeking the shortest equalization path. In this structure, batteries are divided into two forms: intra-group and inter-group; the intra-group equalization is the lower-level equalization while the flying capacitor circuit is used as an equalization circuit to achieve equalization between individual battery cells; the inter-group equalization is the upper-level equalization while Cuk circuit is used as equalization circuit to achieve equalization between battery packs; each battery pack shares a battery cell, thus to obtain more options on equalization path. The proposed strategy, with State of Charge as the balancing variable, represents topological structure of the circuit in form of graph by adopting graph theory control, seeks the optimal equalization path via ant colony optimization algorithm with global search, thus to improve the equalization speed and efficiency. At last, the structure and the strategy proposed in this paper were simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to compare with the maximum value equalization method in the condition of static, charging, and discharging. The result of the simulation experiments shows that the equalization method based on graph theory control reduces the equalization duration by approximately 17%, and improves the equalization efficiency by approximately 2%, which verifies the superiority and effectiveness of the structure and strategy proposed in this paper.
{"title":"Research on Two-level Equalization Strategy of Lithium-ion Battery Based on Graph Theory","authors":"Tiezhou Wu, Houjia Li, Hongguang Li, Rui Zhao","doi":"10.1115/1.4062989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062989","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To solve the problem of inconsistency in the use of series-connected lithium-ion battery packs, this paper proposed a topological structure of dual-layer equalization based on a flying capacitor circuit and Cuk circuit, as well as a control strategy seeking the shortest equalization path. In this structure, batteries are divided into two forms: intra-group and inter-group; the intra-group equalization is the lower-level equalization while the flying capacitor circuit is used as an equalization circuit to achieve equalization between individual battery cells; the inter-group equalization is the upper-level equalization while Cuk circuit is used as equalization circuit to achieve equalization between battery packs; each battery pack shares a battery cell, thus to obtain more options on equalization path. The proposed strategy, with State of Charge as the balancing variable, represents topological structure of the circuit in form of graph by adopting graph theory control, seeks the optimal equalization path via ant colony optimization algorithm with global search, thus to improve the equalization speed and efficiency. At last, the structure and the strategy proposed in this paper were simulated in MATLAB/Simulink to compare with the maximum value equalization method in the condition of static, charging, and discharging. The result of the simulation experiments shows that the equalization method based on graph theory control reduces the equalization duration by approximately 17%, and improves the equalization efficiency by approximately 2%, which verifies the superiority and effectiveness of the structure and strategy proposed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48922414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anshul Nagar, A. Garg, Surinder Singh, L. Gao, Jonghoon Kim, Kexiang Wei
Understanding Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) is essential for diagnosis of Lithium-ion batteries because many aspects of battery performance such as safety and efficiency depends on this characteristics.. LiF, Li2O, and Li2CO3 are important inorganic components of SEI. This electrode-electrolyte surface forms during the battery's first charging/ discharging cycle, preventing electrons' movement through the electrolyte and stabilizing the Lithium-ion battery. However, the concern is inorganic SEI components cause rate limitation of Lithium-ion diffusivity through the SEI layer. Lithium-ion diffusivity through the SEI layer depends on many factors such as temperature, the width of the SEI layer, and the concentration/density of the layer. Lithium-ion diffusivity dependence on temperature, at working temperatures of lithium-ion batteries was observed at temperatures from 250 K to 400 K and diffusion coefficient data at higher temperatures also been observed. Lithium-ion diffusivity at varying concentration/density was also observed in this paper using the Reactive force field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamic simulation. To improve the Lithium-ion diffusivity, vacancy defects were created in the inorganic components of SEI layer LiF, Li2O, and Li2CO3 and observed the diffusion coefficient using the ReaxFF molecular dynamic simulations. Another approach to improve the Lithium-ion diffusivity, is doping alkali metal ions such Na, Ca, K and Mg in the inorganic components of SEI layers of LiF, Li2O, and Li2CO3 is simulated using the Universal Force Field (UFF), and diffusion coefficient was observed.
了解固体电解质界面(SEI)对于锂离子电池的诊断至关重要，因为电池性能的许多方面，如安全性和效率取决于该特性。LiF、Li2O和Li2CO3是SEI的重要无机组分。这种电极-电解质表面在电池的第一次充电/放电循环中形成，防止电子通过电解质运动，稳定锂离子电池。然而，令人担忧的是，无机SEI成分会导致锂离子通过SEI层的扩散速率限制。锂离子通过SEI层的扩散率取决于许多因素，如温度、SEI层的宽度和层的浓度/密度。研究了锂离子电池在250 ~ 400 K工作温度下的扩散系数随温度的变化规律，以及在更高温度下的扩散系数数据。本文还利用反应力场(ReaxFF)分子动力学模拟，观察了不同浓度/密度下锂离子的扩散率。为了提高锂离子的扩散系数，在SEI层的无机组分LiF、Li2O和Li2CO3中制造了空位缺陷，并利用ReaxFF分子动力学模拟观察了扩散系数。另一种提高锂离子扩散系数的方法是在LiF、Li2O和Li2CO3的SEI层的无机组分中掺杂Na、Ca、K和Mg等碱金属离子，并利用通用力场(Universal Force Field, UFF)进行模拟，观察扩散系数。
{"title":"Reactive Force Field(ReaxFF) and Universal Force Field(UFF) Molecular Dynamic Simulation of SEI components in lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Anshul Nagar, A. Garg, Surinder Singh, L. Gao, Jonghoon Kim, Kexiang Wei","doi":"10.1115/1.4062992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062992","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Understanding Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) is essential for diagnosis of Lithium-ion batteries because many aspects of battery performance such as safety and efficiency depends on this characteristics.. LiF, Li2O, and Li2CO3 are important inorganic components of SEI. This electrode-electrolyte surface forms during the battery's first charging/ discharging cycle, preventing electrons' movement through the electrolyte and stabilizing the Lithium-ion battery. However, the concern is inorganic SEI components cause rate limitation of Lithium-ion diffusivity through the SEI layer. Lithium-ion diffusivity through the SEI layer depends on many factors such as temperature, the width of the SEI layer, and the concentration/density of the layer. Lithium-ion diffusivity dependence on temperature, at working temperatures of lithium-ion batteries was observed at temperatures from 250 K to 400 K and diffusion coefficient data at higher temperatures also been observed. Lithium-ion diffusivity at varying concentration/density was also observed in this paper using the Reactive force field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamic simulation. To improve the Lithium-ion diffusivity, vacancy defects were created in the inorganic components of SEI layer LiF, Li2O, and Li2CO3 and observed the diffusion coefficient using the ReaxFF molecular dynamic simulations. Another approach to improve the Lithium-ion diffusivity, is doping alkali metal ions such Na, Ca, K and Mg in the inorganic components of SEI layers of LiF, Li2O, and Li2CO3 is simulated using the Universal Force Field (UFF), and diffusion coefficient was observed.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45525238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the retirement of a large number of lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles(EVs), their reuse has received increasing attention. However, a retired battery pack is not suitable for direct reuse due to the poor consistency of in-pack batteries. This paper proposes a method of retired lithium-ion battery screening based on support vector machine(SVM) with a multi-class kernel function. First, 10 new NCR18650B batteries were used to carry out the aging experiments for collecting the main parameters, such as capacity, voltage and direct current resistance(DCR). Second, a SVM based on a multi-class kernel function was proposed to screen retired batteries. To improve the screening efficiency, a capacity/voltage second-order conductance curve was adopted to extract their capacity features quickly, and four new feature points were selected as the input of the SVM to classify retired batteries. Finally, the retired batteries are accurately divided into four classes by the trained model, and the classification accuracy can reach 97%. Compared with the traditional method, the feature extraction time can be reduced by four-fifths, and the screening efficiency is greatly improved.
{"title":"A screening method for retired lithium-ion batteries based on support vector machine with a multi-class kernel function","authors":"Qiang Hao, Liu Yuanlin, Zhang Wangjie","doi":"10.1115/1.4062988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062988","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 With the retirement of a large number of lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles(EVs), their reuse has received increasing attention. However, a retired battery pack is not suitable for direct reuse due to the poor consistency of in-pack batteries. This paper proposes a method of retired lithium-ion battery screening based on support vector machine(SVM) with a multi-class kernel function. First, 10 new NCR18650B batteries were used to carry out the aging experiments for collecting the main parameters, such as capacity, voltage and direct current resistance(DCR). Second, a SVM based on a multi-class kernel function was proposed to screen retired batteries. To improve the screening efficiency, a capacity/voltage second-order conductance curve was adopted to extract their capacity features quickly, and four new feature points were selected as the input of the SVM to classify retired batteries. Finally, the retired batteries are accurately divided into four classes by the trained model, and the classification accuracy can reach 97%. Compared with the traditional method, the feature extraction time can be reduced by four-fifths, and the screening efficiency is greatly improved.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42606877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Chang, Zile Wang, Zhen Zhang, Jiuchun Jiang, Xing He, Aina Tian, Yan Jiang
Short circuit failure is one of the triggers for thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, which can lead to serious safety issues. This paper attempts to estimate the short-circuit resistance of the cell using the mean difference model and relies on the estimated results to make a quantitative analysis of short-circuit fault. To achieve this goal, a combination of forgetting factor recursive least squares and extended kalman filter is used to estimate the average open-circuit voltage within the battery pack. Subsequently, since both the open-circuit voltage (OCV) and intrinsic mode function (IMF0) components reflect the low-frequency characteristics of battery voltage, we propose a new method based on the variational modal decomposition to extract the differential open-circuit voltage of the battery, and finally make an estimate of the short-circuit resistance after obtaining OCV of the battery using the idea of the mean difference model (MDM). In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified under different degrees of short-circuit faults by connecting different resistors to the series battery pack.
{"title":"Short circuit fault detection and quantitative analysis based on mean-difference model with VMD","authors":"C. Chang, Zile Wang, Zhen Zhang, Jiuchun Jiang, Xing He, Aina Tian, Yan Jiang","doi":"10.1115/1.4062923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062923","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Short circuit failure is one of the triggers for thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, which can lead to serious safety issues. This paper attempts to estimate the short-circuit resistance of the cell using the mean difference model and relies on the estimated results to make a quantitative analysis of short-circuit fault. To achieve this goal, a combination of forgetting factor recursive least squares and extended kalman filter is used to estimate the average open-circuit voltage within the battery pack. Subsequently, since both the open-circuit voltage (OCV) and intrinsic mode function (IMF0) components reflect the low-frequency characteristics of battery voltage, we propose a new method based on the variational modal decomposition to extract the differential open-circuit voltage of the battery, and finally make an estimate of the short-circuit resistance after obtaining OCV of the battery using the idea of the mean difference model (MDM). In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified under different degrees of short-circuit faults by connecting different resistors to the series battery pack.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42229114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, four solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power plants, with natural gas (NG) as the fuel source, that account for long-term degradation were designed and simulated. The four candidate SOFC plants included a standalone SOFC plant, a standalone SOFC plant with a steam bottoming cycle, an SOFC/ (gas turbine) GT hybrid plant, and an SOFC/GT hybrid plant with a steam bottoming cycle. To capture dynamic behaviors caused by long-term SOFC degradation, this study employed a pseudo-stead-state approach that integrated real-time dynamic 1D SOFC models (degradation calculation embedded) with steady-state balance-of-plant models. Model simulations and eco-techno-economic analyses were performed over a 30-year plant lifetime using matlab simulink R2017a, aspen plus V12.1, and python 3.7.4. The results revealed that, while the standalone SOFC plant with a steam bottoming cycle provided the highest overall plant efficiency (65.0% LHV), it also had high SOFC replacement costs due to fast degradation. Instead, the SOFC/GT hybrid plant with a steam bottoming cycle was determined to be the best option, as it had the lowest levelized cost of electricity ($US 35.1/MWh) and the lowest cost of CO2 avoided (−$US100/ton CO2e).
在本研究中，以天然气(NG)为燃料来源，设计和模拟了四个考虑长期降解的固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)发电厂。四个候选SOFC电厂包括一个独立的SOFC电厂，一个带有蒸汽底循环的独立SOFC电厂，一个SOFC/(燃气轮机)GT混合电厂，以及一个带有蒸汽底循环的SOFC/GT混合电厂。为了捕捉SOFC长期降解引起的动态行为，本研究采用了一种伪稳态方法，该方法将实时动态1D SOFC模型(嵌入降解计算)与稳态植物平衡模型相结合。利用matlab simulink R2017a、aspen plus V12.1和python 3.7.4对30年的植物寿命进行了模型模拟和生态技术经济分析。结果表明，虽然具有蒸汽底循环的独立SOFC工厂提供了最高的工厂整体效率(65.0% LHV)，但由于快速降解，它的SOFC更换成本也很高。相反，带有蒸汽底循环的SOFC/GT混合电厂被认为是最佳选择，因为它具有最低的电力成本(35.1美元/兆瓦时)和最低的二氧化碳避免成本(- 100美元/吨二氧化碳当量)。
{"title":"Eco-Technoeconomic Analyses of Natural Gas-Powered SOFC/GT Hybrid Plants Accounting for Long-Term Degradation Effects Via Pseudo-Steady-State Model Simulations","authors":"Hao-Feng Lai, Thomas A. Adams","doi":"10.1115/1.4062711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062711","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, four solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) power plants, with natural gas (NG) as the fuel source, that account for long-term degradation were designed and simulated. The four candidate SOFC plants included a standalone SOFC plant, a standalone SOFC plant with a steam bottoming cycle, an SOFC/ (gas turbine) GT hybrid plant, and an SOFC/GT hybrid plant with a steam bottoming cycle. To capture dynamic behaviors caused by long-term SOFC degradation, this study employed a pseudo-stead-state approach that integrated real-time dynamic 1D SOFC models (degradation calculation embedded) with steady-state balance-of-plant models. Model simulations and eco-techno-economic analyses were performed over a 30-year plant lifetime using matlab simulink R2017a, aspen plus V12.1, and python 3.7.4. The results revealed that, while the standalone SOFC plant with a steam bottoming cycle provided the highest overall plant efficiency (65.0% LHV), it also had high SOFC replacement costs due to fast degradation. Instead, the SOFC/GT hybrid plant with a steam bottoming cycle was determined to be the best option, as it had the lowest levelized cost of electricity ($US 35.1/MWh) and the lowest cost of CO2 avoided (−$US100/ton CO2e).","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46323836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The generation of heat within the rechargeable batteries during the charge–discharge cycles is inevitable, making heat dissipation a very critical part of their design and operation procedure, as a safety and sustainability measure. In particular, when the heat gets the least possibility to escape from the electrode surface, the boundary of the packaging material remains the sole heat dissipator. In this regard, the heat gets accumulated in the central zone, making it the most critical, since it has the least possibility to escape to the surroundings. Anticipating such a heat trap, a central heat sink component is devised, where the role of its conductivity and the relative scale is analyzed based on the formation of transient and steady-state temperature profiles. Additionally, an analytical solution is attained for the location of the maximum temperature, where its value and correlation with the electrolyte conductivity, heat generation rate, and scale of the cell have been quantified. Due to the existence of the curved boundaries, it is shown that the time versus space resolution for capturing the transient evolution of the temperature is more strict than the flat surface and analytically acquired as ≈33% smaller value. Such enhanced design and subsequent analysis are critical for planning sustainable and cost-effective packaging to avoid the ignition and failure of the respective electrolyte.
{"title":"Enhancing the Thermal Dissipation in Batteries via Inclusion of Central Heat Sink","authors":"A. Aryanfar, Fadi Elias, W. Goddard","doi":"10.1115/1.4062712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062712","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The generation of heat within the rechargeable batteries during the charge–discharge cycles is inevitable, making heat dissipation a very critical part of their design and operation procedure, as a safety and sustainability measure. In particular, when the heat gets the least possibility to escape from the electrode surface, the boundary of the packaging material remains the sole heat dissipator. In this regard, the heat gets accumulated in the central zone, making it the most critical, since it has the least possibility to escape to the surroundings. Anticipating such a heat trap, a central heat sink component is devised, where the role of its conductivity and the relative scale is analyzed based on the formation of transient and steady-state temperature profiles. Additionally, an analytical solution is attained for the location of the maximum temperature, where its value and correlation with the electrolyte conductivity, heat generation rate, and scale of the cell have been quantified. Due to the existence of the curved boundaries, it is shown that the time versus space resolution for capturing the transient evolution of the temperature is more strict than the flat surface and analytically acquired as ≈33% smaller value. Such enhanced design and subsequent analysis are critical for planning sustainable and cost-effective packaging to avoid the ignition and failure of the respective electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48570476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aneeqa Yasmeen, Amir Afzal, Muhammad Waqas Iqbal, Asma Zaka, Haseeb Ul Hassan, Tasawar Abbas, Muhammad Usman, Liang Wang, Yousef Mohammed Alanazi, Sohail Mumtaz
Abstract Supercapattery is a recently developed energy storage device that includes the properties of a supercapacitor and a rechargeable battery. A hydrothermal method is used to synthesize the sulfide-based materials. The structural morphology, elemental composition, and electrochemical properties are measured using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and potentiostat system. The specific capacitance is enhanced up to 1964.2 F/g by making the composite with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which is higher than the reference sample (MnS). In the case of a real device, the obtained value of specific capacity in manganese sulfide/CNTs/activated carbon is 240 C/g which is much improved compared to the previously reported values. In a supercapattery device, an excellent energy density of 53.3 Wh/Kg and a high power density of 7995 W/kg are obtained. The stability of the device is measured up to 1000 cycles and achieved the specific capacity retention of 86% with columbic efficiency of 97%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (Lee et al., 2012, Self-standing Positive Electrodes of Oxidized few-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Light-Weight and High-Power Lithium Batteries,” Energy Environ. Sci., 5(1), pp. 5437–5444) measurements confirm the improvement in surface area and electrochemical properties. Our results show that a 50/50 weight ratio of manganese sulfide and CNTs are more suitable and provide opportunities to design high-performance energy storage devices.
摘要超级电池是一种新发展起来的能量存储装置，它具有超级电容器和可充电电池的特性。采用水热法合成了硫化物基材料。利用x射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、x射线光电子能谱和恒电位器系统测量了其结构形态、元素组成和电化学性能。碳纳米管(CNTs)复合材料的比电容提高到1964.2 F/g，高于参考样品(MnS)。在实际装置中，获得的硫化锰/碳纳米管/活性炭比容量值为240 C/g，与先前报道的值相比有很大提高。在超级电池器件中，获得了53.3 Wh/Kg的优异能量密度和7995 W/ Kg的高功率密度。经测试，该装置的稳定性可达1000次循环，比容量保持率为86%，哥伦比亚效率为97%。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和brunauer - emmet - teller (Lee et al.， 2012)，用于轻质高功率锂电池的氧化少壁碳纳米管自立式正极，《能源环境》。科学。， 5(1)， pp. 5437-5444)的测量证实了表面面积和电化学性能的改善。我们的研究结果表明，硫化锰和碳纳米管的重量比为50/50更为合适，并为设计高性能储能装置提供了机会。
{"title":"Enhanced the Stability and Storage Capability of Sulfide-Based Material With the Incorporation of Carbon Nanotube for High-Performance Supercapattery Device","authors":"Aneeqa Yasmeen, Amir Afzal, Muhammad Waqas Iqbal, Asma Zaka, Haseeb Ul Hassan, Tasawar Abbas, Muhammad Usman, Liang Wang, Yousef Mohammed Alanazi, Sohail Mumtaz","doi":"10.1115/1.4062642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062642","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Supercapattery is a recently developed energy storage device that includes the properties of a supercapacitor and a rechargeable battery. A hydrothermal method is used to synthesize the sulfide-based materials. The structural morphology, elemental composition, and electrochemical properties are measured using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and potentiostat system. The specific capacitance is enhanced up to 1964.2 F/g by making the composite with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which is higher than the reference sample (MnS). In the case of a real device, the obtained value of specific capacity in manganese sulfide/CNTs/activated carbon is 240 C/g which is much improved compared to the previously reported values. In a supercapattery device, an excellent energy density of 53.3 Wh/Kg and a high power density of 7995 W/kg are obtained. The stability of the device is measured up to 1000 cycles and achieved the specific capacity retention of 86% with columbic efficiency of 97%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (Lee et al., 2012, Self-standing Positive Electrodes of Oxidized few-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Light-Weight and High-Power Lithium Batteries,” Energy Environ. Sci., 5(1), pp. 5437–5444) measurements confirm the improvement in surface area and electrochemical properties. Our results show that a 50/50 weight ratio of manganese sulfide and CNTs are more suitable and provide opportunities to design high-performance energy storage devices.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135504471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qi Sun, Jianqi Liu, Bo Zhou, Yanping Liu, Yang Tang, P. Wan, Qing Hu, Xiao Jin Yang
SnO2-based materials are promising catalysts for CO2 electrochemical reduction due to its attractive selectivity for C1 products (formate and carbon monoxide) but they tend to suffer high overpotential and poor stability. Here, a porous SnO2/ZnO catalyst is synthesized via hydroxides coprecipitation, hydrothermal treatment and carbon black template calcination. SnO2 nanocrystals are produced by calcination of tin hydroxides while the growth of ZnO nanocrystals is associated with carbon black template. The porous SnO2/ZnO catalyst presents a stable Faradaic efficiency of >90% for CO2 reduction at an applied voltage of -0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a C1 current density of 9.53 mA cm−2 over a testing period of 100 h. The improved performance is originated from abundant heterojunctions and lattice defects of SnO2 and ZnO nanocrystals, large specific surface area and grain boundary. This study provides a facile method to fabricate porous and nanocrystal metal oxides electrocatalysts for electrochemical processes.
sno2基材料对C1产物(甲酸盐和一氧化碳)具有良好的选择性，是CO2电化学还原的重要催化剂，但其过电位高，稳定性差。本文通过氢氧化物共沉淀法、水热法和炭黑模板煅烧法制备了多孔SnO2/ZnO催化剂。氧化锡纳米晶是通过氢氧锡煅烧制备的，而氧化锌纳米晶的生长则与炭黑模板有关。多孔SnO2/ZnO催化剂在施加电压为-0.7 V时，相对于可逆氢电极(RHE)，在100 h的测试周期内，C1电流密度为9.53 mA cm - 2, Faradaic效率稳定在> ~ 90%。性能的提高源于SnO2和ZnO纳米晶体丰富的异质结和晶格缺陷，大的比表面积和晶界。本研究为制备多孔和纳米晶金属氧化物电催化剂提供了一种简便的方法。
{"title":"Low Overpotential Electroreduction of CO2 on porous SnO2/ZnO Catalysts","authors":"Qi Sun, Jianqi Liu, Bo Zhou, Yanping Liu, Yang Tang, P. Wan, Qing Hu, Xiao Jin Yang","doi":"10.1115/1.4062618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062618","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 SnO2-based materials are promising catalysts for CO2 electrochemical reduction due to its attractive selectivity for C1 products (formate and carbon monoxide) but they tend to suffer high overpotential and poor stability. Here, a porous SnO2/ZnO catalyst is synthesized via hydroxides coprecipitation, hydrothermal treatment and carbon black template calcination. SnO2 nanocrystals are produced by calcination of tin hydroxides while the growth of ZnO nanocrystals is associated with carbon black template. The porous SnO2/ZnO catalyst presents a stable Faradaic efficiency of >90% for CO2 reduction at an applied voltage of -0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a C1 current density of 9.53 mA cm−2 over a testing period of 100 h. The improved performance is originated from abundant heterojunctions and lattice defects of SnO2 and ZnO nanocrystals, large specific surface area and grain boundary. This study provides a facile method to fabricate porous and nanocrystal metal oxides electrocatalysts for electrochemical processes.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46224688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A high temperature ammonia treatment was applied to carbon felt electrodes to enhance vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) performance. Samples were heated to 900 °C in the presence of ammonia gas for up to 4 h. While all heating times resulted in an overall improvement in current density at 80% voltage efficiency, samples treated for 4 h showed the greatest increase in current density (325%) compared to untreated carbon felt. Raman spectroscopy showed a 74% increase in edge sites as a result of the 4 h treatment. Electrochemical surface area increased by 142% and scanning electron microscopy showed the appearance of pores on felt fiber surfaces, indicating that the performance improvement may be due to enhanced surface area in addition to functionalization. Impedance spectroscopy showed decreased charge transfer resistance and increased durability (during cycling) compared to other published electrode treatments. These results indicate that heated ammonia can be used to increase the performance of electrodes for vanadium flow battery applications, with excellent durability.
{"title":"High Performance Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Electrodes","authors":"Kaycee Gass, Bapi Bera, Doug Aaron, Matthew Mench","doi":"10.1115/1.4062441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4062441","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A high temperature ammonia treatment was applied to carbon felt electrodes to enhance vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) performance. Samples were heated to 900 °C in the presence of ammonia gas for up to 4 h. While all heating times resulted in an overall improvement in current density at 80% voltage efficiency, samples treated for 4 h showed the greatest increase in current density (325%) compared to untreated carbon felt. Raman spectroscopy showed a 74% increase in edge sites as a result of the 4 h treatment. Electrochemical surface area increased by 142% and scanning electron microscopy showed the appearance of pores on felt fiber surfaces, indicating that the performance improvement may be due to enhanced surface area in addition to functionalization. Impedance spectroscopy showed decreased charge transfer resistance and increased durability (during cycling) compared to other published electrode treatments. These results indicate that heated ammonia can be used to increase the performance of electrodes for vanadium flow battery applications, with excellent durability.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135717962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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