Traditional particle filtering has a large estimation error in the state of charge and Lithium-ion battery health of electric Vehicle lithium batteries. For the above problems, the lithium battery second-order RC equivalent circuit model is established, and then the model parameters are identified using the multi-innovation least square algorithm (MILS). Finally, Iterative unscented Kalman particle filtering algorithm with fused Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoothing Structure (RTS-IUPF) applied to Li-ion battery SOC and SOH joint estimation is proposed. The algorithm is based on the identification of battery parameters, the controller reads the sensor data and predicts the state results. RTS smoothing structure can do posterior estimation, and a significant probability density function is generated to select the optimal particle, and unscented Kalman algorithm regularized particles. The algorithm reduces the effect of the process noise covariance matrix and the measured noise covariance matrix on the filter accuracy and response time in traditional unselected Kalman filters. The algorithm proposed in the paper improves particle degradation and increases the estimation accuracy. Finally, the RTS-IUPF algorithm performs simulation analysis in Pulse current discharge condition and dynamic current condition (NEDC) respectively. The pulse current experimental results show that the mean absolute value error of UKF and PF (Number of particles N is 300) are 1.26% and 1.24%, respectively, while the error of the RTS-IUPF is 0.748%. The RMSE of the RTS-IUPF is reduced by 66.5% and 77.8% compared with UKF and PF. Furthermore, The error of joint estimation using this algorithm is smaller than that of single estimation. The RMSE of the RTS-IUPF Joint is reduced by 27.4% compared with RTS-IUPF. The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm for the joint estimation of SOC and SOH of lithium batteries were verified.
{"title":"SOC and SOH Joint Estimation of Lithium-Ion Battery Based on Iterative Unscented Kalman Particle Filtering Algorithm with Fused Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoothing Structure","authors":"Jie Wu, Huigang Xu, Peiyi Zhu","doi":"10.1115/1.4056557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056557","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Traditional particle filtering has a large estimation error in the state of charge and Lithium-ion battery health of electric Vehicle lithium batteries. For the above problems, the lithium battery second-order RC equivalent circuit model is established, and then the model parameters are identified using the multi-innovation least square algorithm (MILS). Finally, Iterative unscented Kalman particle filtering algorithm with fused Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoothing Structure (RTS-IUPF) applied to Li-ion battery SOC and SOH joint estimation is proposed. The algorithm is based on the identification of battery parameters, the controller reads the sensor data and predicts the state results. RTS smoothing structure can do posterior estimation, and a significant probability density function is generated to select the optimal particle, and unscented Kalman algorithm regularized particles. The algorithm reduces the effect of the process noise covariance matrix and the measured noise covariance matrix on the filter accuracy and response time in traditional unselected Kalman filters. The algorithm proposed in the paper improves particle degradation and increases the estimation accuracy. Finally, the RTS-IUPF algorithm performs simulation analysis in Pulse current discharge condition and dynamic current condition (NEDC) respectively. The pulse current experimental results show that the mean absolute value error of UKF and PF (Number of particles N is 300) are 1.26% and 1.24%, respectively, while the error of the RTS-IUPF is 0.748%. The RMSE of the RTS-IUPF is reduced by 66.5% and 77.8% compared with UKF and PF. Furthermore, The error of joint estimation using this algorithm is smaller than that of single estimation. The RMSE of the RTS-IUPF Joint is reduced by 27.4% compared with RTS-IUPF. The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm for the joint estimation of SOC and SOH of lithium batteries were verified.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49649763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitigating the massive emissions of greenhouse gases is one of the main measures taken to resolve the current growing climate problems. The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to economically valuable chemical fuels has attracted the intensive attention of scholars. This review provides an overview of the application of conductive diamond in electrocatalytic reduction and outlines the improvement of electrochemical properties by employing metal particles to modify the surface. Meanwhile, the carbon-based electrode materials represented by glassy carbon and diamond-like carbon also have broad research value. Emphasis is placed on the electrochemical properties of boron-doped, transition metal modification and co-doped diamond film electrodes with appropriate extensions respectively. The carbon-chain compounds produced by the reduction reaction are also briefly described, which mainly focus on formic acid and ethanol. In addition, the development directions of electrochemical reduction technology are prospected.
{"title":"Analysis on electrochemical CO2 reduction by diamond doping technology","authors":"Xiangyong Zeng, Yang Zhao, Naichao Chen, Ping He","doi":"10.1115/1.4056556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056556","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mitigating the massive emissions of greenhouse gases is one of the main measures taken to resolve the current growing climate problems. The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide to economically valuable chemical fuels has attracted the intensive attention of scholars. This review provides an overview of the application of conductive diamond in electrocatalytic reduction and outlines the improvement of electrochemical properties by employing metal particles to modify the surface. Meanwhile, the carbon-based electrode materials represented by glassy carbon and diamond-like carbon also have broad research value. Emphasis is placed on the electrochemical properties of boron-doped, transition metal modification and co-doped diamond film electrodes with appropriate extensions respectively. The carbon-chain compounds produced by the reduction reaction are also briefly described, which mainly focus on formic acid and ethanol. In addition, the development directions of electrochemical reduction technology are prospected.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47719036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Arumugam, S. Kandasamy, Tamilselvan Kumaravel Subramaniam
An optimized electrode is the main requirement for energy based applications such as supercapacitor. In this work, ternary composite made up of graphene oxide (GO), polyaniline (PANI) and zinc oxide (ZnO), as an electrode material for supercapacitor was discussed with its structural and electrochemical properties. To attain this, (i) modified hummers' method (ii) in-situ polymerization method and (iii) hydrothermal method were employed. Synergistic effects between these materials provided efficient electrode materials with porous structure and high specific capacitance. The electrochemical properties of the samples were analysed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge and discharge measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 6 M KOH electrolyte. The ternary composite exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 278 F g−1 at 1 A g−1.
优化的电极是诸如超级电容器之类的基于能量的应用的主要要求。本文讨论了由氧化石墨烯（GO）、聚苯胺（PANI）和氧化锌（ZnO）组成的三元复合材料作为超级电容器电极材料的结构和电化学性能。为了实现这一点，采用了（i）改良的鹰嘴豆泥法（ii）原位聚合法和（iii）水热法。这些材料之间的协同效应提供了具有多孔结构和高比电容的高效电极材料。通过循环伏安法、恒电流充电和放电测量以及在6M KOH电解质中的电化学阻抗谱分析了样品的电化学性质。三元复合材料在1 A g−1时表现出278 F g−1的最高比电容。
{"title":"Enhancement of the Carbon Content and Electrochemical Performance by Decorating Zinc Oxide over Graphene Oxide/Polyaniline Composite","authors":"C. Arumugam, S. Kandasamy, Tamilselvan Kumaravel Subramaniam","doi":"10.1115/1.4056531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056531","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 An optimized electrode is the main requirement for energy based applications such as supercapacitor. In this work, ternary composite made up of graphene oxide (GO), polyaniline (PANI) and zinc oxide (ZnO), as an electrode material for supercapacitor was discussed with its structural and electrochemical properties. To attain this, (i) modified hummers' method (ii) in-situ polymerization method and (iii) hydrothermal method were employed. Synergistic effects between these materials provided efficient electrode materials with porous structure and high specific capacitance. The electrochemical properties of the samples were analysed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge and discharge measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in 6 M KOH electrolyte. The ternary composite exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 278 F g−1 at 1 A g−1.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44802447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanhua He, Liheng Zhang, Di Zhang, Zhiyuan Wang, Yi Liu
Safety issue concerning the “thermal runaway behavior” of lithium-ion battery (LIB) is a major concern of users. In this paper, the thermal runaway (TR) behaviors at different ambient pressures were studied. The thermal runaway onset time (t1) occured in advance as the ambient pressure decreased from 90 kPa to 50 kPa (90 kPa, 80 kPa, 70 kPa, 60 kPa, and 50 kPa). At 50 kPa, thermal runaway onset time of LIBs was 177 seconds earlier than that at 90 kPa. The values of heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), battery peak surface temperature and peak flue gas temperature declined with the decreasing ambient pressure. Moreover, the peak concentrations of CxHy and CO increased with the decrease of ambient pressure, whereas the peak concentration of CO2 and NO showed the opposite trend. Based on the previous studies of the thermal analysis kinetics model of LIBs, a pressure correction factor kp was introduced to establish a prediction model for thermal runaway temperature at low pressure conditions. Based on the model output, the error of thermal runaway onset time t1 could be controlled within ±2 s, and the error of thermal runaway peak temperature Tmax could be controlled within ±2 °C. The experimental results were well consistent with the simulation results. The results of this study are beneficial to better reveal the thermal runaway behavior of LIBs under low ambient pressure.
{"title":"Experimental and computational analysis of thermal runaway behavior of lithium ion pouch battery at low ambient pressure","authors":"Yuanhua He, Liheng Zhang, Di Zhang, Zhiyuan Wang, Yi Liu","doi":"10.1115/1.4056328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056328","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Safety issue concerning the “thermal runaway behavior” of lithium-ion battery (LIB) is a major concern of users. In this paper, the thermal runaway (TR) behaviors at different ambient pressures were studied. The thermal runaway onset time (t1) occured in advance as the ambient pressure decreased from 90 kPa to 50 kPa (90 kPa, 80 kPa, 70 kPa, 60 kPa, and 50 kPa). At 50 kPa, thermal runaway onset time of LIBs was 177 seconds earlier than that at 90 kPa. The values of heat release rate (HRR), total heat release (THR), battery peak surface temperature and peak flue gas temperature declined with the decreasing ambient pressure. Moreover, the peak concentrations of CxHy and CO increased with the decrease of ambient pressure, whereas the peak concentration of CO2 and NO showed the opposite trend. Based on the previous studies of the thermal analysis kinetics model of LIBs, a pressure correction factor kp was introduced to establish a prediction model for thermal runaway temperature at low pressure conditions. Based on the model output, the error of thermal runaway onset time t1 could be controlled within ±2 s, and the error of thermal runaway peak temperature Tmax could be controlled within ±2 °C. The experimental results were well consistent with the simulation results. The results of this study are beneficial to better reveal the thermal runaway behavior of LIBs under low ambient pressure.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In many electrochemical processes, the transport of charged species is governed by the Nernst-Planck equation, which includes terms for both diffusion and electrochemical migration. In this work, a multi-physics, multi-species model based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is presented to model the Nernst-Planck equation in systems with electrodeposition. Electrodeposition occurs when ions are deposited onto an electrode. These deposits create complex boundary geometries, which can be challenging for numerical methods to resolve. SPH is a particularly effective numerical method for systems with moving and deforming boundaries due to its particle nature. This paper discusses the SPH implementation of the Nernst-Planck equations with electrodeposition and verifies the model with an analytical solution and a numerical integrator. A convergence study of migration and precipitation is presented to illustrate the model’s accuracy, along with comparisons of the deposition growth front to experimental results.
{"title":"Smoothed particle hydrodynamics modeling of electrodeposition and dendritic growth under migration- and diffusion-controlled mass transport","authors":"Andrew Cannon, J. McDaniel, E. Ryan","doi":"10.1115/1.4056327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056327","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In many electrochemical processes, the transport of charged species is governed by the Nernst-Planck equation, which includes terms for both diffusion and electrochemical migration. In this work, a multi-physics, multi-species model based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method is presented to model the Nernst-Planck equation in systems with electrodeposition. Electrodeposition occurs when ions are deposited onto an electrode. These deposits create complex boundary geometries, which can be challenging for numerical methods to resolve. SPH is a particularly effective numerical method for systems with moving and deforming boundaries due to its particle nature. This paper discusses the SPH implementation of the Nernst-Planck equations with electrodeposition and verifies the model with an analytical solution and a numerical integrator. A convergence study of migration and precipitation is presented to illustrate the model’s accuracy, along with comparisons of the deposition growth front to experimental results.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43630681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Overdischarge is one of the main factors of lithium-ion battery failure, due to the inconsistency of lithium-ion battery in pack. However, the failure mechanism remains unclear. This paper introduces the X-ray computed tomography to explore the gas production and copper dissolution of lithium battery during overdischarge state. From tomographic images in two different cross-section directions, the internal structure changes of bulge deformation and copper deposition are observed to quantitatively analyze the relationship between copper deposition and overdischarge state of charge. The position distribution is analyzed by density distribution feature, which indicate that the gas production is mainly distribute in the middle of the battery, and the copper deposition is distribute around the outer side. The experimental result shows that X-ray CT is a nondestructive, quantitative, visual and effective way to study the internal structure and material distribution of the over-discharge battery. So as to effectively monitor the state of the lithium-ion battery, to avoid dangerous problems such as internal short circuits and thermal runaway.
{"title":"Research on overdischarge lithium-ion battery based on X-ray computed tomography","authors":"Xiaofan Zhang, Lifu Li, Shengqiang Li","doi":"10.1115/1.4056271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056271","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Overdischarge is one of the main factors of lithium-ion battery failure, due to the inconsistency of lithium-ion battery in pack. However, the failure mechanism remains unclear. This paper introduces the X-ray computed tomography to explore the gas production and copper dissolution of lithium battery during overdischarge state. From tomographic images in two different cross-section directions, the internal structure changes of bulge deformation and copper deposition are observed to quantitatively analyze the relationship between copper deposition and overdischarge state of charge. The position distribution is analyzed by density distribution feature, which indicate that the gas production is mainly distribute in the middle of the battery, and the copper deposition is distribute around the outer side. The experimental result shows that X-ray CT is a nondestructive, quantitative, visual and effective way to study the internal structure and material distribution of the over-discharge battery. So as to effectively monitor the state of the lithium-ion battery, to avoid dangerous problems such as internal short circuits and thermal runaway.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45623055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nathan Metzger, I. Vlassiouk, S. Smirnov, Gabriel Mariscal, Ryan Spragg, Xianglin Li
The two main technical limitations of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are the slow kinetic reactions of the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the anode and the crossing over of unreacted methanol through the proton exchange membrane (PEM). It is common practice to use Nafion membranes as PEMs, which have high ion exchange capacity. However, Nafion-based membranes also have high fuel permeability, decreasing fuel utilization and reducing the potential power density. This manuscript focuses on using graphene-coated (Gr-coated) PEMs to reduce fuel crossover. Protons can permeate across graphene and thus it can be employed in various devices as a proton conductive membrane. Here we report efficiency of Gr-coated Nafions. We tested performance and crossover at three different temperatures with four different fuel concentrations and compared to a Nafion PEM that underwent that same test conditions. We found that the adhesion of Gr on to PEMs is not sufficient for prolong fuel cell operation resulting in Gr delamination at high temperatures leading to a higher fuel crossover values compared to lower temperature testing. The results for 7.5M methanol fuel show a reduction of up to 25% in methanol crossover, translating to a peak power density that increases from 3.9 to 9.5 mW/cm2 when using a Gr-Coated PEM compared to a Nafion PEM at 30°C.
{"title":"Experimental Studies of Graphene-Coated Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells","authors":"Nathan Metzger, I. Vlassiouk, S. Smirnov, Gabriel Mariscal, Ryan Spragg, Xianglin Li","doi":"10.1115/1.4056269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056269","url":null,"abstract":"The two main technical limitations of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are the slow kinetic reactions of the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in the anode and the crossing over of unreacted methanol through the proton exchange membrane (PEM). It is common practice to use Nafion membranes as PEMs, which have high ion exchange capacity. However, Nafion-based membranes also have high fuel permeability, decreasing fuel utilization and reducing the potential power density. This manuscript focuses on using graphene-coated (Gr-coated) PEMs to reduce fuel crossover. Protons can permeate across graphene and thus it can be employed in various devices as a proton conductive membrane. Here we report efficiency of Gr-coated Nafions. We tested performance and crossover at three different temperatures with four different fuel concentrations and compared to a Nafion PEM that underwent that same test conditions. We found that the adhesion of Gr on to PEMs is not sufficient for prolong fuel cell operation resulting in Gr delamination at high temperatures leading to a higher fuel crossover values compared to lower temperature testing. The results for 7.5M methanol fuel show a reduction of up to 25% in methanol crossover, translating to a peak power density that increases from 3.9 to 9.5 mW/cm2 when using a Gr-Coated PEM compared to a Nafion PEM at 30°C.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46417232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongxiao Yang, Xiaodong Zhang, Yaguang Liu, Shili Song
Reverse electrodialysis - Multi-effect distillation(RED-MED) heat engine has received increasing attention in recent years, due to its ability of converting low temperature waste heat into salinity gradient energy, and then extracting electric power from it. In this work, the RED-MED coupled system was studied with a mathematical model, which was validated by our experimental results. The influences of RED channel length and the feed flow rate on the performance of the coupled system were studied. Furthermore, in the literature, only one of the two streams leaving RED, i.e. either the dilute or the concentrate, is split and partly mixed with another stream before being treated in MED. In this paper, a modified scheme is proposed, in which both the two streams were split, i.e. only a fraction of the concentrate solution was mixed with a fraction of the dilute. The purpose of the modification is to further reduce the total flow rate in MED. After the modification, both the energy efficiency and the heat exchange area requirement of MED increase. The optimum value of the split fraction was discussed. Results imply that while the studies reported in the literature mainly focus on the aspects closely related to the RED section, attention should also be paid to the overall scheme design of the RED-MED coupled system.
{"title":"A Modeling Study of RED-MED Salinity Gradient Heat Engine: the Conventional Scheme and A Modified Scheme","authors":"Dongxiao Yang, Xiaodong Zhang, Yaguang Liu, Shili Song","doi":"10.1115/1.4056270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056270","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Reverse electrodialysis - Multi-effect distillation(RED-MED) heat engine has received increasing attention in recent years, due to its ability of converting low temperature waste heat into salinity gradient energy, and then extracting electric power from it. In this work, the RED-MED coupled system was studied with a mathematical model, which was validated by our experimental results. The influences of RED channel length and the feed flow rate on the performance of the coupled system were studied. Furthermore, in the literature, only one of the two streams leaving RED, i.e. either the dilute or the concentrate, is split and partly mixed with another stream before being treated in MED. In this paper, a modified scheme is proposed, in which both the two streams were split, i.e. only a fraction of the concentrate solution was mixed with a fraction of the dilute. The purpose of the modification is to further reduce the total flow rate in MED. After the modification, both the energy efficiency and the heat exchange area requirement of MED increase. The optimum value of the split fraction was discussed. Results imply that while the studies reported in the literature mainly focus on the aspects closely related to the RED section, attention should also be paid to the overall scheme design of the RED-MED coupled system.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45887117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Synthesized biomass-based carbonaceous materials from Palmae plant wastes with self-adhesive properties, converted into coin-like shapes, are used as supercapacitor electrodes with high power and energy density, high specific capacitance, excellent electrical conductivity, low cost, and environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study aims to investigate a simple and cost-effective method to generate porous carbon activation from Palmae plant waste biomass, namely areca leaf midrib (ALM). Activated carbon (AC) material derived from ALM was obtained through pre-carbonization, alkaline chemical activation, and two-step pyrolysis, namely carbonization and physical activation at 600°C and 700°C in the N2 as well as CO2 atmosphere, respectively. Its physical properties show an sp2 structure with high graphitization or amorphousness and two sloping peaks in the hkl plane at an angle of 2θ, approximately 24° and 44°. The electrochemical properties of AC supercapacitor cells derived from ALM biomass have the highest specific capacitance value of 216 Fg−1 at a scan rate of 1 mVs−1 in a two-electrode system. Furthermore, the cell obtained a maximum energy density of 11 Whkg−1 and a power density of 196 W kg−1, respectively. Therefore, this study recommends an innovative and environmentally safe approach for producing high-performance supercapacitor cell electrodes for energy storage without adding nanomaterials and externally doped heteroatoms.
利用棕榈植物废弃物合成具有自粘特性的生物质基碳质材料，转化成硬币状，作为超级电容器电极，具有高功率和能量密度、高比电容、优异的导电性、低成本、环保等特点。因此，本研究旨在探索一种简单而经济的方法，从棕榈植物废弃物生物质，即槟榔叶中脉(ALM)中产生多孔碳活化。通过预炭化、碱性化学活化、两步热解，即在600°C N2和700°C CO2气氛下炭化和物理活化，得到ALM衍生的活性炭(AC)材料。其物理性质表现为高度石墨化或非晶化的sp2结构，在hkl平面上有两个倾角为2θ，约为24°和44°的倾斜峰。在双电极系统中，当扫描速率为1 mv−1时，由ALM生物质制成的交流超级电容器的电化学性能最高，比电容值为216 Fg−1。此外，该电池的最大能量密度为11 Whkg−1，功率密度为196 W kg−1。因此，本研究推荐了一种创新且环保的方法，可以在不添加纳米材料和外部掺杂杂原子的情况下生产用于储能的高性能超级电容器电池电极。
{"title":"The Self Adhesive Properties of Carbon Activated-Like Shape Coin Derived from Palmae Plant Waste and used as High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes","authors":"R. Farma, Bela Winalda, I. Apriyani","doi":"10.1115/1.4056268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056268","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Synthesized biomass-based carbonaceous materials from Palmae plant wastes with self-adhesive properties, converted into coin-like shapes, are used as supercapacitor electrodes with high power and energy density, high specific capacitance, excellent electrical conductivity, low cost, and environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study aims to investigate a simple and cost-effective method to generate porous carbon activation from Palmae plant waste biomass, namely areca leaf midrib (ALM). Activated carbon (AC) material derived from ALM was obtained through pre-carbonization, alkaline chemical activation, and two-step pyrolysis, namely carbonization and physical activation at 600°C and 700°C in the N2 as well as CO2 atmosphere, respectively. Its physical properties show an sp2 structure with high graphitization or amorphousness and two sloping peaks in the hkl plane at an angle of 2θ, approximately 24° and 44°. The electrochemical properties of AC supercapacitor cells derived from ALM biomass have the highest specific capacitance value of 216 Fg−1 at a scan rate of 1 mVs−1 in a two-electrode system. Furthermore, the cell obtained a maximum energy density of 11 Whkg−1 and a power density of 196 W kg−1, respectively. Therefore, this study recommends an innovative and environmentally safe approach for producing high-performance supercapacitor cell electrodes for energy storage without adding nanomaterials and externally doped heteroatoms.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45093270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lead-acid batteries have the advantages of wide temperature adaptability, large discharge power, and high safety factor. It is still widely used in electrochemical energy storage systems. In order to ensure the application of batteries under extreme working conditions, it is necessary to explore the degradation mechanism. In this study, the experimental battery is the same type of 2V-500Ah lead-acid battery produced by different manufacturers. Firstly, the three batteries were subjected to the same high temperature and high current cycle thermal shock test (50°C, 0.2C current), combined with quantitative analysis of plate active material and microscopic morphology observation. In addition, numerical studies are used to simulate the distribution of electrical parameters on the positive plate and grid. The above three parts are combined to study the causes of accelerated battery decay under high temperature and high current conditions. The results showed that the extreme conditions aggravated the non-uniformity of the potential distribution of the positive plate and the grid, which increased by 10.62% and 51.59%, respectively. The battery with higher remaining capacity has more a-PbO2 in the active material, and has a considerable amount of β-PbO2. The battery with the smallest remaining capacity has the largest volume of active material. The volume of the material affects the electrochemical reaction surface area. The larger the volume of the material, the higher the resistance of that part, which will lead to an increase in the overall impedance of the battery.
{"title":"Research on the mechanism of cathode failure of lead-acid battery under extreme conditions","authors":"Yaowei Li, Nawei Lyu, Yang Jin","doi":"10.1115/1.4056207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056207","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Lead-acid batteries have the advantages of wide temperature adaptability, large discharge power, and high safety factor. It is still widely used in electrochemical energy storage systems. In order to ensure the application of batteries under extreme working conditions, it is necessary to explore the degradation mechanism. In this study, the experimental battery is the same type of 2V-500Ah lead-acid battery produced by different manufacturers. Firstly, the three batteries were subjected to the same high temperature and high current cycle thermal shock test (50°C, 0.2C current), combined with quantitative analysis of plate active material and microscopic morphology observation. In addition, numerical studies are used to simulate the distribution of electrical parameters on the positive plate and grid. The above three parts are combined to study the causes of accelerated battery decay under high temperature and high current conditions. The results showed that the extreme conditions aggravated the non-uniformity of the potential distribution of the positive plate and the grid, which increased by 10.62% and 51.59%, respectively. The battery with higher remaining capacity has more a-PbO2 in the active material, and has a considerable amount of β-PbO2. The battery with the smallest remaining capacity has the largest volume of active material. The volume of the material affects the electrochemical reaction surface area. The larger the volume of the material, the higher the resistance of that part, which will lead to an increase in the overall impedance of the battery.","PeriodicalId":15579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46536396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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