Objectives: This study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) model for the predictive esthetic evaluation of single-implant treatments in the esthetic zone.
Methods: A total of 226 samples, each comprising three intraoral photographs and 12 clinical features, were collected for proof of concept. Labels were determined by a prosthodontic specialist using the pink esthetic score (PES). A DL model was developed to predict PES based on input images and clinical data. The performance was assessed and compared with that of two other models.
Results: The DL model achieved an average mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.3597, average root mean squared error (MSE) of 1.8324, a Pearson correlation of 0.6326, and accuracies of 65.93% and 85.84% for differences between predicted and ground truth values no larger than 1 and 2, respectively. An ablation study demonstrated that incorporating all input features yielded the best performance, with the proposed model outperforming comparison models.
Conclusions: DL demonstrates potential for providing acceptable preoperative PES predictions for single implant-supported prostheses in the esthetic zone. Ongoing efforts to collect additional samples and clinical features aim to further enhance the model's performance.
Clinical significance: The DL model supports dentists in predicting esthetic outcomes and making informed treatment decisions before implant placement. It offers a valuable reference for inexperienced and general dentists to identify esthetic risk factors, thereby improving implant treatment outcomes.
{"title":"Prediction of single implant pink esthetic scores in the esthetic zone using deep learning: A proof of concept.","authors":"Ziang Wu, Yizhou Chen, Xinbo Yu, Feng Wang, Haochen Shi, Fang Qu, Yingyi Shen, Xiaojun Chen, Chun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) model for the predictive esthetic evaluation of single-implant treatments in the esthetic zone.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 226 samples, each comprising three intraoral photographs and 12 clinical features, were collected for proof of concept. Labels were determined by a prosthodontic specialist using the pink esthetic score (PES). A DL model was developed to predict PES based on input images and clinical data. The performance was assessed and compared with that of two other models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DL model achieved an average mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.3597, average root mean squared error (MSE) of 1.8324, a Pearson correlation of 0.6326, and accuracies of 65.93% and 85.84% for differences between predicted and ground truth values no larger than 1 and 2, respectively. An ablation study demonstrated that incorporating all input features yielded the best performance, with the proposed model outperforming comparison models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DL demonstrates potential for providing acceptable preoperative PES predictions for single implant-supported prostheses in the esthetic zone. Ongoing efforts to collect additional samples and clinical features aim to further enhance the model's performance.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The DL model supports dentists in predicting esthetic outcomes and making informed treatment decisions before implant placement. It offers a valuable reference for inexperienced and general dentists to identify esthetic risk factors, thereby improving implant treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"105601"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105599
Jiakang Zhu, Xianfeng Deng, Chunxiao Jin, Liya Ma, Cui Huang
Objectives
To assess the accuracy of a wireless intraoral scanner (IOS) in scanning post spaces with different diameters and depths.
Methods
Six maxillary central incisors underwent endodontic treatment and tooth preparation. Post space preparation was performed using a #4 or #6 post drill to depths of 6, 8, and 10 mm, respectively. Direct digital impressions of the post spaces were scanned using an IOS (Trios 5, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) ten times as test data. Conventional impressions were also taken and subsequently scanned using a laboratory scanner to serve as reference data. The accuracy of the test data was evaluated through both 3D and 2D comparisons against the reference data. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (α=0.05).
Results
As post space depth increased or diameter decreased, 3D root mean square (RMS) values increased, ranging from 65.7 μm to 82.8 μm (p < 0.001), while the proportion of green region (indicating a deviation within 0.1 mm) decreased from 90.05 % to 76.38 % (p < 0.001). 2D RMS values gradually decreased from the cervical to the apical region. Except for the apical region in the #4 drill group with a 10 mm depth, all 3D and 2D RMS values remained below 100 μm. Furthermore, only the post space with a 10 mm depth in the #4 drill group exhibited a proportion of green region <80 %.
Conclusions
The accuracy of the wireless IOS in post space scanning was significantly affected by both depth and diameter, and decreased with increasing depth or decreasing diameter. Furthermore, the accuracy diminished as the scan approached the apical region.
Clinical significance
When the depth of post space prepared with a 1.9 mm diameter drill is ≤8 mm or when prepared with a 2.25 mm diameter drill is ≤10 mm, Trios 5 is suitable for direct digital impressions.
{"title":"The accuracy of direct digital impressions of post spaces with different diameters and depths scanned by a wireless intraoral scanner","authors":"Jiakang Zhu, Xianfeng Deng, Chunxiao Jin, Liya Ma, Cui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the accuracy of a wireless intraoral scanner (IOS) in scanning post spaces with different diameters and depths.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six maxillary central incisors underwent endodontic treatment and tooth preparation. Post space preparation was performed using a #4 or #6 post drill to depths of 6, 8, and 10 mm, respectively. Direct digital impressions of the post spaces were scanned using an IOS (Trios 5, 3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) ten times as test data. Conventional impressions were also taken and subsequently scanned using a laboratory scanner to serve as reference data. The accuracy of the test data was evaluated through both 3D and 2D comparisons against the reference data. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (α=0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As post space depth increased or diameter decreased, 3D root mean square (RMS) values increased, ranging from 65.7 μm to 82.8 μm (<em>p</em> < 0.001), while the proportion of green region (indicating a deviation within 0.1 mm) decreased from 90.05 % to 76.38 % (<em>p</em> < 0.001). 2D RMS values gradually decreased from the cervical to the apical region. Except for the apical region in the #4 drill group with a 10 mm depth, all 3D and 2D RMS values remained below 100 μm. Furthermore, only the post space with a 10 mm depth in the #4 drill group exhibited a proportion of green region <80 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The accuracy of the wireless IOS in post space scanning was significantly affected by both depth and diameter, and decreased with increasing depth or decreasing diameter. Furthermore, the accuracy diminished as the scan approached the apical region.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>When the depth of post space prepared with a 1.9 mm diameter drill is ≤8 mm or when prepared with a 2.25 mm diameter drill is ≤10 mm, Trios 5 is suitable for direct digital impressions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105599"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105594
Ana Beatriz de Souza Albergardi, João Pedro Justino de Oliveira Limírio, Jéssica Marcela de Luna Gomes, Aldiéris Alves Pesqueira, Eduardo Piza Pellizzer
Objective
To evaluate the existing evidence on surface treatment techniques employed in the repair of resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramics and their effects on short- and long-term bond strength.
Methodology
This scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews and was registered on the Open Science Framework platform. Based on the PCC concept, where P: Resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramic blocks for CAD-CAM, C: Bond strength, and C: Surface treatments, a search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lilacs (grey literature) databases until October 2024, with no language or date restrictions.
Results
In vitro studies comparing mechanical and/or chemical surface treatments on the bond strength of resin composite repairs were included. A total of 47 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, of which 45 used both mechanical and chemical treatments, and 29 used chemical treatments alone.
Conclusion
The combination of chemical and mechanical treatments is the appropriate option. Alumina blasting and silica coating are the most commonly used mechanical surface treatments, either alone or in conjunction with chemical treatments. Laser irradiation may serve as an alternative to conventional treatments.
Clinical significance
The studies revealed variability among protocols for repairing resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramics, with the combined use of chemical and mechanical treatments being the most effective approach.
{"title":"Effect of surface treatments on the bond strength of resin-repaired resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramic: A scoping review","authors":"Ana Beatriz de Souza Albergardi, João Pedro Justino de Oliveira Limírio, Jéssica Marcela de Luna Gomes, Aldiéris Alves Pesqueira, Eduardo Piza Pellizzer","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the existing evidence on surface treatment techniques employed in the repair of resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramics and their effects on short- and long-term bond strength.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines for scoping reviews and was registered on the Open Science Framework platform. Based on the PCC concept, where P: Resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramic blocks for CAD-CAM, C: Bond strength, and C: Surface treatments, a search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and Lilacs (grey literature) databases until October 2024, with no language or date restrictions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In vitro studies comparing mechanical and/or chemical surface treatments on the bond strength of resin composite repairs were included. A total of 47 studies were included in the qualitative analysis, of which 45 used both mechanical and chemical treatments, and 29 used chemical treatments alone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of chemical and mechanical treatments is the appropriate option. Alumina blasting and silica coating are the most commonly used mechanical surface treatments, either alone or in conjunction with chemical treatments. Laser irradiation may serve as an alternative to conventional treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>The studies revealed variability among protocols for repairing resin matrix CAD-CAM ceramics, with the combined use of chemical and mechanical treatments being the most effective approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105594"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To measure the effect of household income trajectory on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) during the transition from childhood to adolescence over 10-years.
Methods
This cohort study assessed 639 children aged 1–5 years in 2010 in Santa Maria, southern Brazil. After 10 years, the same participants were re-evaluated. Familiar household income was collected in both assessments. Four groups with different income trajectories were created by cluster analysis: “stable low income”, “decreasing income”, “increasing income”, and “stable high income”. OHRQoL was measured at follow-up using the short version of CPQ11-14. Demographic, and oral health-related information were also collected. A negative binomial regression analysis with robust variance was conducted.
Results
A total of 351 (54.9 % of the original sample) participants with household income data at the baseline and follow-up were analyzed. Socioeconomic mobility and income remained the same for most of the participants over the 10 years. Participants belonging to the "stable high income" category presented 37 % less risk of having a worse OHRQoL than participants belonging to the "stable low income" category. Groups that experienced changes in their income trajectories did not show significant changes in OHRQoL.
Conclusions
Individuals with stable high income over time were protected from having impacts on their OHRQoL. Worsening or improvement in income over time do not influence OHRQoL.
Clinical significance
Our findings indicate that socioeconomic factors impact subjective patient outcomes, which are considered a fundamental aspect of clinical practice.
{"title":"Household income trajectory effect on oral health-related quality of life during the transition from childhood to adolescence","authors":"Bruna Brondani , Thiago Machado Ardenghi , Jessica Klöckner Knorst , Fausto Medeiros Mendes , Mário Augusto Brondani","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105596","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105596","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To measure the effect of household income trajectory on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) during the transition from childhood to adolescence over 10-years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cohort study assessed 639 children aged 1–5 years in 2010 in Santa Maria, southern Brazil. After 10 years, the same participants were re-evaluated. Familiar household income was collected in both assessments. Four groups with different income trajectories were created by cluster analysis: “stable low income”, “decreasing income”, “increasing income”, and “stable high income”. OHRQoL was measured at follow-up using the short version of CPQ11-14. Demographic, and oral health-related information were also collected. A negative binomial regression analysis with robust variance was conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 351 (54.9 % of the original sample) participants with household income data at the baseline and follow-up were analyzed. Socioeconomic mobility and income remained the same for most of the participants over the 10 years. Participants belonging to the \"stable high income\" category presented 37 % less risk of having a worse OHRQoL than participants belonging to the \"stable low income\" category. Groups that experienced changes in their income trajectories did not show significant changes in OHRQoL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with stable high income over time were protected from having impacts on their OHRQoL. Worsening or improvement in income over time do not influence OHRQoL.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>Our findings indicate that socioeconomic factors impact subjective patient outcomes, which are considered a fundamental aspect of clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105596"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105597
Sang-Yoon Park , Sang-Min Yi , Sung-Woon On , Sung-Ah Che , Ju Young Lee , Byoung-Eun Yang
Objectives
To overcome the shortcomings of sintered bone graft materials, low-crystallinity apatite (LCA) was developed using a non-heated approach to enhance resorption and integration during bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LCA as a synthetic bone graft material for bone reconstruction.
Methods
LCA was compared to three conventional synthetic bone graft materials: biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) 37, BCP 64, and octacalcium phosphate (OCP). Crystalline structure and surface morphology were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vivo testing was conducted using a rabbit calvarial augmentation model, in which the grafts were placed into standardized defects. Bone formation and graft resorption were analyzed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometric analyses at three and six weeks post-implantation.
Results
LCA exhibited structural similarities to the allograft material and enhanced surface properties. Micro-CT and histomorphometric evaluations at three and six weeks post-implantation demonstrated higher rates of bone formation and substantial volumetric changes with LCA, indicating efficient graft resorption and bone regeneration.
Conclusions
LCA exhibited superior integration, osteoconductivity, and biodegradability compared to other synthetic grafts, suggesting the potential for improved clinical outcomes with its use. Although the efficacy of LCA has been validated, further studies in diverse biological environments are necessary to confirm its safety and effectiveness for broader clinical use.
Clinical significance
LCA, which mimics natural bone structure and has superior integration and osteoconductivity, has the potential for clinical applications requiring rapid and effective bone healing.
{"title":"Evaluation of low-crystallinity apatite as a novel synthetic bone graft material: In vivo and in vitro analysis","authors":"Sang-Yoon Park , Sang-Min Yi , Sung-Woon On , Sung-Ah Che , Ju Young Lee , Byoung-Eun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To overcome the shortcomings of sintered bone graft materials, low-crystallinity apatite (LCA) was developed using a non-heated approach to enhance resorption and integration during bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of LCA as a synthetic bone graft material for bone reconstruction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>LCA was compared to three conventional synthetic bone graft materials: biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) 37, BCP 64, and octacalcium phosphate (OCP). Crystalline structure and surface morphology were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). <em>In vivo</em> testing was conducted using a rabbit calvarial augmentation model, in which the grafts were placed into standardized defects. Bone formation and graft resorption were analyzed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histomorphometric analyses at three and six weeks post-implantation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LCA exhibited structural similarities to the allograft material and enhanced surface properties. Micro-CT and histomorphometric evaluations at three and six weeks post-implantation demonstrated higher rates of bone formation and substantial volumetric changes with LCA, indicating efficient graft resorption and bone regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>LCA exhibited superior integration, osteoconductivity, and biodegradability compared to other synthetic grafts, suggesting the potential for improved clinical outcomes with its use. Although the efficacy of LCA has been validated, further studies in diverse biological environments are necessary to confirm its safety and effectiveness for broader clinical use.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>LCA, which mimics natural bone structure and has superior integration and osteoconductivity, has the potential for clinical applications requiring rapid and effective bone healing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105597"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105598
Hani Nazzal, Helen D Rodd, Hoor N Alrashed, Clarissa Calil Bonifacio, Ruth Wei Choe, Felicity Crombie, Jumana El Shafei, Osama El Shahawy, Jumana El Shafei, Moréniké Oluwátóyìn Foláyan, Olaniyi Arowolo, Karla Gambetta-Tessini, Aniek de Vries, Ashima Goyal, Arpit Gupta, Noren Hasmun, Iyad Hussein, Ahmad I Issa, Suhad Jundi, Eman Bassam Abedalhaleem, Mawlood Kowash, Aysha Alshamsi, Anas Salami, David J Manton, Cecilia Muñoz-Sandoval, Srinivasan Narasimhan, Samah Omar, Susan Parekh, David Drysdale, Bamidele O Popoola, Stephanie Shields, Mihiri J Silva, Greig Taylor, Naomi Qiyue Yang
Objectives: To investigate whether hypodontia and other developmental dental anomalies were more common in children with MIH than their unaffected peers, and to determine if sex or geographical location had any effect on hypodontia prevalence.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in specialist paediatric dentistry clinics across 14 countries, categorised into six geographical regions. A total of 1279 children (aged 6 - 17 years) underwent a clinical examination and were allocated to the MIH (n = 649) or comparison group (n = 630). A validated MIH index was used to record the presence/extent of any hypomineralisation and a standardised approach was used to establish the clinical and/or radiographic presence of ten DDAs.
Results: Four anomalies were significantly more prevalent in participants with MIH than those without this condition: hypodontia (p=0.047), dens invaginatus (p=0.004), dens evaginatus (p<0.001) and microdont maxillary lateral incisors (p=0.01). Additionally, the adjusted odds of hypodontia were 1.49 times higher in children with MIH compared to those without MIH. There was considerable disparity between geographic locations with the highest prevalence of hypodontia in participants from the Western Pacific region (11.21%) and the lowest (2.92%) in the Americas. No statistically significant association was found between sex (male vs. female) and hypodontia (p=0.839).
Conclusions: Accepting that the study group may not be representative of the wider population, the findings still have important clinical relevance. Furthermore, they lend support to the concept of shared genetic and epigenetic influence in the aetiology of MIH and other developmental dental disorders.
{"title":"Prevalence of hypodontia and other developmental dental anomalies in children with or without molar incisor hypomineralisation.","authors":"Hani Nazzal, Helen D Rodd, Hoor N Alrashed, Clarissa Calil Bonifacio, Ruth Wei Choe, Felicity Crombie, Jumana El Shafei, Osama El Shahawy, Jumana El Shafei, Moréniké Oluwátóyìn Foláyan, Olaniyi Arowolo, Karla Gambetta-Tessini, Aniek de Vries, Ashima Goyal, Arpit Gupta, Noren Hasmun, Iyad Hussein, Ahmad I Issa, Suhad Jundi, Eman Bassam Abedalhaleem, Mawlood Kowash, Aysha Alshamsi, Anas Salami, David J Manton, Cecilia Muñoz-Sandoval, Srinivasan Narasimhan, Samah Omar, Susan Parekh, David Drysdale, Bamidele O Popoola, Stephanie Shields, Mihiri J Silva, Greig Taylor, Naomi Qiyue Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105598","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether hypodontia and other developmental dental anomalies were more common in children with MIH than their unaffected peers, and to determine if sex or geographical location had any effect on hypodontia prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in specialist paediatric dentistry clinics across 14 countries, categorised into six geographical regions. A total of 1279 children (aged 6 - 17 years) underwent a clinical examination and were allocated to the MIH (n = 649) or comparison group (n = 630). A validated MIH index was used to record the presence/extent of any hypomineralisation and a standardised approach was used to establish the clinical and/or radiographic presence of ten DDAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four anomalies were significantly more prevalent in participants with MIH than those without this condition: hypodontia (p=0.047), dens invaginatus (p=0.004), dens evaginatus (p<0.001) and microdont maxillary lateral incisors (p=0.01). Additionally, the adjusted odds of hypodontia were 1.49 times higher in children with MIH compared to those without MIH. There was considerable disparity between geographic locations with the highest prevalence of hypodontia in participants from the Western Pacific region (11.21%) and the lowest (2.92%) in the Americas. No statistically significant association was found between sex (male vs. female) and hypodontia (p=0.839).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accepting that the study group may not be representative of the wider population, the findings still have important clinical relevance. Furthermore, they lend support to the concept of shared genetic and epigenetic influence in the aetiology of MIH and other developmental dental disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"105598"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105595
Laryssa Mylenna Madruga Barbosa , Gabrielle Gomes Centenaro , Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro , Maria Alice de Matos Rodrigues , Letícia Condolo , Michael Willian Favoreto , Alessandra Reis , Alessandro D. Loguercio
Objective
To evaluate hydrogen peroxide (HP) permeability into the pulp chamber, color change, and surface morphology promoted by different whitening pens.
Material and methods
Fifty premolars were divided into five groups (n = 10): untreated control; Colgate Optic White Express Whitening Pen (OE-C), Colgate Optic White Overnight Whitening Pen (OW-C), Equate Teeth Whitening Kit (TK-E) and Zimba Teeth Whitening Pen (TW-Z), applied daily for 15 minutes over ten days. HP permeability (μg/mL) was measured using UV–VIS spectroscopy, and color change (ΔEab, ΔE00, and WID) by a digital spectrophotometer at baseline (T0), after one (T1), five (T5) and ten days (T10). Initial HP concentration (%), pH and surface morphology were determined through titration, pH meter, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Statistical analysis included one-way and two-way ANOVA with Tukey's and Dunnett's tests (α = 0.05).
Results
OE-C and OW-C exhibited higher pH, lower HP concentrations, reduced HP penetration (p < 0.05), and a similar surface morphology pattern compared to TK-E and TW-Z. Bleaching efficacy showed no significant differences among the whitening pens (p > 0.05). For ΔEab and ΔE00, OE-C and OW-C showed similar color changes across all time points, whereas the TK-E and TW-Z exhibited greater changes from T0 to T5 and T0 to T10 (p < 0.05). WID values significantly increased at T5 and T10 across all groups (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Whitening pens vary in pH, initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, and hydrogen peroxide penetration; however, these differences do not significantly impact their surface morphology and bleaching effect.
Clinical significance
The use of whitening pens appears promising for achieving effective teeth bleaching after five days of application. However, the detection of hydrogen peroxide within the pulp chamber may increase the risk of tooth sensitivity.
{"title":"Effect of whitening pens on hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber, color change and surface morphology","authors":"Laryssa Mylenna Madruga Barbosa , Gabrielle Gomes Centenaro , Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro , Maria Alice de Matos Rodrigues , Letícia Condolo , Michael Willian Favoreto , Alessandra Reis , Alessandro D. Loguercio","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate hydrogen peroxide (HP) permeability into the pulp chamber, color change, and surface morphology promoted by different whitening pens.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Fifty premolars were divided into five groups (n = 10): untreated control; Colgate Optic White Express Whitening Pen (OE-C), Colgate Optic White Overnight Whitening Pen (OW-C), Equate Teeth Whitening Kit (TK-E) and Zimba Teeth Whitening Pen (TW-Z), applied daily for 15 minutes over ten days. HP permeability (μg/mL) was measured using UV–VIS spectroscopy, and color change (ΔE<sub>ab</sub>, ΔE<sub>00</sub>, and WI<sub>D</sub>) by a digital spectrophotometer at baseline (T<sub>0</sub>), after one (T<sub>1</sub>), five (T<sub>5</sub>) and ten days (T<sub>10</sub>). Initial HP concentration (%), pH and surface morphology were determined through titration, pH meter, and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Statistical analysis included one-way and two-way ANOVA with Tukey's and Dunnett's tests (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OE-C and OW-C exhibited higher pH, lower HP concentrations, reduced HP penetration (p < 0.05), and a similar surface morphology pattern compared to TK-E and TW-Z. Bleaching efficacy showed no significant differences among the whitening pens (p > 0.05). For ΔE<sub>ab</sub> and ΔE<sub>00</sub>, OE-C and OW-C showed similar color changes across all time points, whereas the TK-E and TW-Z exhibited greater changes from T<sub>0</sub> to T<sub>5</sub> and T<sub>0</sub> to T<sub>10</sub> (p < 0.05). WI<sub>D</sub> values significantly increased at T<sub>5</sub> and T<sub>10</sub> across all groups (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Whitening pens vary in pH, initial hydrogen peroxide concentration, and hydrogen peroxide penetration; however, these differences do not significantly impact their surface morphology and bleaching effect.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>The use of whitening pens appears promising for achieving effective teeth bleaching after five days of application. However, the detection of hydrogen peroxide within the pulp chamber may increase the risk of tooth sensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105584
Mariane Cintra Mailart , Karine Carvalho dos Santos, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Alessandra Bühler Borges
Objectives
This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of peroxide-based mouthrinse on whitening treatment. The patient's satisfaction and treatment longevity were also assessed.
Material and methods
Participants (N = 45) were randomly allocated to three different groups: WM (Whitening mouthrinse – 2.5% hydrogen peroxide); PM (Placebo mouthrinse – 0% hydrogen peroxide); and WG (Whitening gel - 10% carbamide peroxide). The treatment was performed twice daily for 30 s over 90 days for WM and PM and once daily for 2 h over 14 days for WG. Tooth color was evaluated with shade guides (ΔSGU) and with a spectrophotometer (ΔE00 and WID) after 14, 30, 60, 90, 120 days, and 2 years. Tooth sensitivity, gingival condition, and patient satisfaction were also evaluated.
Results
WG resulted in the highest color change over time for visual (ΔSGU) and objective (ΔE00 and WID) analyses. With WM, significant visual color alteration was detected in the 60-day assessment compared with PM. After 2 years, no color rebound was observed for the treatments. A very low intensity of sensitivity was found for WM and WG. No gingival irritation was detected. All the participants were satisfied with the whitening treatment outcomes.
Conclusions
The peroxide-based mouthrinse effectively changed tooth color, with relevant effect detected after 60 days of use. However, the whitening result obtained with the conventional carbamide peroxide gel treatment was more pronounced. No relevant adverse effects were observed, and the outcomes were maintained for 2 years.
Clinical significance
Peroxide-based mouthrinse is an effective alternative whitening treatment, although it promotes less color change compared with the conventional at-home technique without inducing significant adverse effects. Patients should be warned about the prolonged treatment and the need for compliance.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of peroxide-based mouthrinse on whitening treatment: A randomized controlled clinical trial","authors":"Mariane Cintra Mailart , Karine Carvalho dos Santos, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Alessandra Bühler Borges","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This randomized controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of peroxide-based mouthrinse on whitening treatment. The patient's satisfaction and treatment longevity were also assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Participants (<em>N</em> = 45) were randomly allocated to three different groups: WM (Whitening mouthrinse – 2.5% hydrogen peroxide); PM (Placebo mouthrinse – 0% hydrogen peroxide); and WG (Whitening gel - 10% carbamide peroxide). The treatment was performed twice daily for 30 s over 90 days for WM and PM and once daily for 2 h over 14 days for WG. Tooth color was evaluated with shade guides (ΔSGU) and with a spectrophotometer (ΔE<sub>00</sub> and WI<sub>D</sub>) after 14, 30, 60, 90, 120 days, and 2 years. Tooth sensitivity, gingival condition, and patient satisfaction were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>WG resulted in the highest color change over time for visual (ΔSGU) and objective (ΔE<sub>00</sub> and WI<sub>D</sub>) analyses. With WM, significant visual color alteration was detected in the 60-day assessment compared with PM. After 2 years, no color rebound was observed for the treatments. A very low intensity of sensitivity was found for WM and WG. No gingival irritation was detected. All the participants were satisfied with the whitening treatment outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The peroxide-based mouthrinse effectively changed tooth color, with relevant effect detected after 60 days of use. However, the whitening result obtained with the conventional carbamide peroxide gel treatment was more pronounced. No relevant adverse effects were observed, and the outcomes were maintained for 2 years.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>Peroxide-based mouthrinse is an effective alternative whitening treatment, although it promotes less color change compared with the conventional at-home technique without inducing significant adverse effects. Patients should be warned about the prolonged treatment and the need for compliance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105584"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105583
Meimei Cui , Huijuan Cheng , Linlin Yuan , Min Zhang , Jiayi Chen , Jingjing Jia , Peixuan Li , Limei Luo
Objectives
The study aimed to investigate the disease burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Asia.
Material and methods
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 data evaluated NPC metrics by sex, and age in Asia. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess the trends of NPC burden. The decomposition analysis was used to analyze drivers of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of NPC. The DALYs of NPC attributed to modifiable risk factors were also assessed. And we predicted changes of NPC burden to 2044.
Results
In 2021, there were 101,841.49 (95 % UI: 88,093.77 to 118,402.42) incident cases, 62,079.09 (95 % UI: 54,879.91 to 70,240.60) deaths, and 2,041,239.04 (95 % UI: 1,796,551.45 to 2,315,547.51) DALYs due to NPC in Asia. From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized rates (ASR) showed a downward trend in Asia. East Asia bore the heaviest burden of NPC in the Asian region. China and India stood out as facing the most severe burdens. Central Asia was the only region in Asia where both ASIR and ASMR showed an upward trend, while ASR in Armenia experienced the fastest growth in Asian countries. The decomposition analysis showed that population growth was the main factor influencing NPC in Asia. Behavioral risks were the primary factors affecting NPC in Asia.
Conclusion
NPC remains a significant public health issue in Asia, especially in East Asia. China and India still face challenges due to population aging and population growth. Armenia's rising incidence highlights urgent concerns. Strengthening prevention and treatment of NPC is crucial.
Clinical Significance
NPC continues to pose a significant public health challenge in Asia, especially in East Asia. The disease burden of Asian NPCs is increased by population growth. Targeted prevention and control policies of NPC must be implemented for high-risk areas, alongside efforts to reduce behavioral risk factors.
{"title":"Burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Asia from 1990 to 2021","authors":"Meimei Cui , Huijuan Cheng , Linlin Yuan , Min Zhang , Jiayi Chen , Jingjing Jia , Peixuan Li , Limei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The study aimed to investigate the disease burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in Asia.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 data evaluated NPC metrics by sex, and age in Asia. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess the trends of NPC burden. The decomposition analysis was used to analyze drivers of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of NPC. The DALYs of NPC attributed to modifiable risk factors were also assessed. And we predicted changes of NPC burden to 2044.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, there were 101,841.49 (95 % UI: 88,093.77 to 118,402.42) incident cases, 62,079.09 (95 % UI: 54,879.91 to 70,240.60) deaths, and 2,041,239.04 (95 % UI: 1,796,551.45 to 2,315,547.51) DALYs due to NPC in Asia. From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized rates (ASR) showed a downward trend in Asia. East Asia bore the heaviest burden of NPC in the Asian region. China and India stood out as facing the most severe burdens. Central Asia was the only region in Asia where both ASIR and ASMR showed an upward trend, while ASR in Armenia experienced the fastest growth in Asian countries. The decomposition analysis showed that population growth was the main factor influencing NPC in Asia. Behavioral risks were the primary factors affecting NPC in Asia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NPC remains a significant public health issue in Asia, especially in East Asia. China and India still face challenges due to population aging and population growth. Armenia's rising incidence highlights urgent concerns. Strengthening prevention and treatment of NPC is crucial.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>NPC continues to pose a significant public health challenge in Asia, especially in East Asia. The disease burden of Asian NPCs is increased by population growth. Targeted prevention and control policies of NPC must be implemented for high-risk areas, alongside efforts to reduce behavioral risk factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-27DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105591
Eszter Uhrin , Júlia Moldvai , Brigitta Teutsch , Zsuzsanna Domokos , Bence Szabó , Péter Hegyi , Péter Hermann , Orsolya Németh
Objectives
The global burden of stroke is increasing every year. Residual impairments from stroke reduce the future independence of affected patients while also increasing their susceptibility to oral health-related diseases. Oral healthcare prevention programs (OHCP) are vital in maintaining acceptable oral hygiene during rehabilitation. Dysphagia among stroke elevates the risk of ingesting oral opportunistic pathogens, potentially leading to severe conditions.
Data Sources
A systematic search was conducted in three main databases (Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL) until November 29th, 2022.
Study selection
We included randomized clinical trials that measure the effect of OHCP on oral health and oral opportunistic pathogens. After the systematic search (7608 articles), we conducted title/abstract selection by two independent authors, followed by full-text selection. In both cases, Cohen's kappa was calculated. Finally, we found 15 articles that were eligible for analysis.
Results
The plaque index showed a slight but non-significant reduction with the OHCP program (SMD= -2.77, CI:6.6–1.06). In terms of the risk of oral yeast detection, there was a statistically non-significant difference between the intervention and control groups at short-term and after a 3-month follow-up (RR: 1.06, 95 % CI: 0.20;5.69; RR:0.98 CI: 0.33; 2.93), respectively. For S.aureus and AGNB, there was no statistically significant difference in short-term evaluation (RR: 0.89 CI: 0.07; 11.99; RR:0.77 CI: 0.00; 888.18), respectively.
Conclusions
Current evidence did not identify that regular OHCP had a beneficial effect on oral pathogen-related diseases.
Prospero registration
CRD42022346788
Clinical Significance
Regular oral health care, including assistance from a dental hygienist in stroke units, is essential for preventing oral health-related diseases. Integrating into post-stroke rehabilitation can enhance overall quality of life and well-being.
{"title":"Effect of oral healthcare prevention program on oral hygiene in post-stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Eszter Uhrin , Júlia Moldvai , Brigitta Teutsch , Zsuzsanna Domokos , Bence Szabó , Péter Hegyi , Péter Hermann , Orsolya Németh","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The global burden of stroke is increasing every year. Residual impairments from stroke reduce the future independence of affected patients while also increasing their susceptibility to oral health-related diseases. Oral healthcare prevention programs (OHCP) are vital in maintaining acceptable oral hygiene during rehabilitation. Dysphagia among stroke elevates the risk of ingesting oral opportunistic pathogens, potentially leading to severe conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Data Sources</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted in three main databases (Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL) until November 29th, 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Study selection</h3><div>We included randomized clinical trials that measure the effect of OHCP on oral health and oral opportunistic pathogens. After the systematic search (7608 articles), we conducted title/abstract selection by two independent authors, followed by full-text selection. In both cases, Cohen's kappa was calculated. Finally, we found 15 articles that were eligible for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The plaque index showed a slight but non-significant reduction with the OHCP program (SMD= -2.77, CI:6.6–1.06). In terms of the risk of oral yeast detection, there was a statistically non-significant difference between the intervention and control groups at short-term and after a 3-month follow-up (RR: 1.06, 95 % CI: 0.20;5.69; RR:0.98 CI: 0.33; 2.93), respectively. For S.aureus and AGNB, there was no statistically significant difference in short-term evaluation (RR: 0.89 CI: 0.07; 11.99; RR:0.77 CI: 0.00; 888.18), respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Current evidence did not identify that regular OHCP had a beneficial effect on oral pathogen-related diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Prospero registration</h3><div>CRD42022346788</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>Regular oral health care, including assistance from a dental hygienist in stroke units, is essential for preventing oral health-related diseases. Integrating into post-stroke rehabilitation can enhance overall quality of life and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 105591"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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