Journal of dentistry最新文献_第7页

AI-driven gingival segmentation on CBCT: Validation using delineation by intraoral scanning and CBCT-based cotton roll separation 基于CBCT的人工智能驱动牙龈分割：使用口腔内扫描和基于CBCT的棉卷分离进行划分的验证。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106331

Fernanda Bulhões Fagundes , Dhanaporn Papasratorn , Bahaaeldeen M. Elgarba , Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele , Frederico Sampaio Neves , Reinhilde Jacobs

Objectives

To validate a novel AI approach for automated gingival segmentation directly from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans acquired with cotton roll separation.

Methods

One hundred and eighty arches (101 CBCT) were split into: ground truth (90 arches), internal validation [AI vs manual segmentation (MS); 30 arches], and clinical validation [AI vs expert refinement (R-AI); 60 arches]. Ground truth consisted of manually segmented gingival models from CBCT with cotton roll separation, using intraoral scan outlines as references. AI gingival segmentation was generated from CBCT acquired with cotton roll separation, uploaded to a cloud-based platform (Virtual Patient Creator, Relu, Belgium). R-AI was performed by refining the AI segmentation according to CBCT outlines. The performance was evaluated using voxel-wise and surface-based comparisons. Additionally, time efficiency and consistency were evaluated.

Results

AI gingiva achieved high overlap with MS, with Dice score (DSC) of 80 ± 4 % and minor surface discrepancies, with median surface distance (MSD) of 0.02 ± 0.09 mm. Similarly, DSC between AI and R-AI was high (91 ± 4 %), and MSD was small (0.07 ± 0.07 mm). Significant differences between arches were found in AI vs R-AI; however, these differences were not clinically relevant (∆DSC∼2 %, ∆MSD∼0.00 mm, p < 0.05). Evaluator consistency was high, whereas AI achieved perfect reproducibility and significantly increased time efficiency (6.7 s) compared to R-AI (1090 s) and MS (4344 s), p < 0.001.

Conclusion

The presently validated cloud-based AI model achieved fast, accurate, and consistent gingiva segmentation from CBCTs comparable to expert-level performance using CBCT-based cotton roll separation with delineation by intraoral scanning as a clinical reference.

Clinical significance

Automated 3D gingival models may assist efficient diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome visualization in esthetic dentistry, orthodontic treatment planning, and periodontal assessment. This approach has strong potential to transform digital dentistry workflows.

目的：验证一种新的人工智能方法，直接从棉卷分离获得的锥束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）中自动分割牙龈。方法：180个拱形（101个CBCT）分为：基础真实（90个拱形），内部验证[人工智能vs人工分割（MS）；30个拱门]和临床验证[人工智能与专家改进（R-AI）；60个拱门。Ground truth由手工分割的CBCT牙龈模型组成，使用棉卷分离，以口腔内扫描轮廓为参考。人工智能牙龈分割由棉卷分离获得的CBCT生成，上传到基于云的平台（Virtual Patient Creator, Relu, Belgium）。R-AI是根据CBCT轮廓对AI分割进行细化。使用体素和基于表面的比较来评估性能。此外，时间效率和一致性进行了评估。结果：AI牙龈与MS重叠度高，Dice评分（DSC）为80±4%，表面差异较小，中位表面距离（MSD）为0.02±0.09 mm。同样，AI和R-AI之间的DSC高（91±4%），MSD小（0.07±0.07 mm）。在AI和R-AI中，弓间存在显著差异；然而，这些差异与临床无关（∆DSC ~ 2%,∆MSD ~ 0.00 mm, p）。结论：目前验证的基于云的人工智能模型通过cbct实现了快速、准确、一致的牙龈分割，与专家水平相当，使用基于cbct的棉卷分离，通过口腔内扫描作为临床参考。临床意义：在牙科美容、正畸治疗计划和牙周评估中，自动三维牙龈模型可以帮助有效的诊断、治疗计划和结果可视化。这种方法具有改变数字牙科工作流程的强大潜力。

{"title":"AI-driven gingival segmentation on CBCT: Validation using delineation by intraoral scanning and CBCT-based cotton roll separation","authors":"Fernanda Bulhões Fagundes , Dhanaporn Papasratorn , Bahaaeldeen M. Elgarba , Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele , Frederico Sampaio Neves , Reinhilde Jacobs","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To validate a novel AI approach for automated gingival segmentation directly from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans acquired with cotton roll separation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>One hundred and eighty arches (101 CBCT) were split into: ground truth (90 arches), internal validation [AI vs manual segmentation (MS); 30 arches], and clinical validation [AI vs expert refinement (R-AI); 60 arches]. Ground truth consisted of manually segmented gingival models from CBCT with cotton roll separation, using intraoral scan outlines as references. AI gingival segmentation was generated from CBCT acquired with cotton roll separation, uploaded to a cloud-based platform (Virtual Patient Creator, Relu, Belgium). R-AI was performed by refining the AI segmentation according to CBCT outlines. The performance was evaluated using voxel-wise and surface-based comparisons. Additionally, time efficiency and consistency were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AI gingiva achieved high overlap with MS, with Dice score (DSC) of 80 ± 4 % and minor surface discrepancies, with median surface distance (MSD) of 0.02 ± 0.09 mm. Similarly, DSC between AI and R-AI was high (91 ± 4 %), and MSD was small (0.07 ± 0.07 mm). Significant differences between arches were found in AI vs R-AI; however, these differences were not clinically relevant (∆DSC∼2 %, ∆MSD∼0.00 mm, <em>p</em> < 0.05). Evaluator consistency was high, whereas AI achieved perfect reproducibility and significantly increased time efficiency (6.7 s) compared to R-AI (1090 s) and MS (4344 s), <em>p</em> < 0.001.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The presently validated cloud-based AI model achieved fast, accurate, and consistent gingiva segmentation from CBCTs comparable to expert-level performance using CBCT-based cotton roll separation with delineation by intraoral scanning as a clinical reference.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>Automated 3D gingival models may assist efficient diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome visualization in esthetic dentistry, orthodontic treatment planning, and periodontal assessment. This approach has strong potential to transform digital dentistry workflows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106331"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145917677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The development of an image processing model to estimate tooth width and space requirements 开发了一种图像处理模型来估计齿宽和空间要求。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106330

Rebecca Toner , Moses Eribo , Bahman Honari , Kieran Daly , Padhraig S. Fleming

Objectives

The advent of machine and deep learning has raised the possibility of increased efficiency and indeed improved accuracy in relation to the interpretation of clinical images. Moreover, the use of deep learning has become imbedded within orthodontics with attempts to utilise this approach in informing treatment planning. The aim of this study was to develop and test an AI-based tool capable of measuring tooth width and dental crowding.

Methodology

Sets of pre and post treatment plaster study models were acquired of 245 patients who had treatment completed in a specialist orthodontic practice by a single orthodontist. These models were scanned to create stereolithography (STL) files. These files were used to train an AI tool capable of calculating the mesio-distal widths of each of the teeth in the arches. To test the validity of this model, direct comparison was made between the AI tool and human raters. A sample of twelve sets of pre-treatment study models were known as the “test data”. The test data was analysed by a group of five orthodontic clinicians at two separate time intervals 6 weeks apart.

Results

Statistical analysis confirmed a high level of agreement between human raters and also in relation to the novel AI-based tool. Inter-rater reliability among the human raters was high with Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.911 to 0.946 between the intervals. Manual measurements also demonstrated a high level of agreement with the AI tool (ICC= 0.956; Mean absolute difference= 0.4 mm).

Conclusions

The novel AI-based tool demonstrated reliability in calculating mesiodistal widths of teeth in an untreated arch. This tool will be further developed to incorporate other parameters such as arch levelling, to provide a means to calculate the overall space requirement within the dental arches.

目的：机器和深度学习的出现提高了临床图像解释的效率和准确性的可能性。此外，深度学习的使用已经嵌入到正畸学中，试图利用这种方法为治疗计划提供信息。本研究的目的是开发和测试一种基于人工智能的工具，能够测量牙齿宽度和牙齿拥挤程度。方法：获得245名患者的治疗前后石膏研究模型，这些患者在专科正畸诊所由一名正畸医生完成治疗。这些模型被扫描以创建立体光刻（STL）文件。这些文件被用来训练一个人工智能工具，该工具能够计算出弓中每颗牙齿的中远端宽度。为了测试该模型的有效性，将人工智能工具与人类评分者进行了直接比较。12组预处理研究模型的样本被称为“测试数据”。测试数据由一组五名正畸临床医生在相隔6周的两个不同的时间间隔进行分析。结果：统计分析证实了人类评分者之间的高度一致，也与新的基于人工智能的工具有关。人类评分者的等级间信度较高，等级内相关系数（ICCs）在0.911 ~ 0.946之间。人工测量也显示出与人工智能工具的高度一致（ICC= 0.956；平均绝对差= 0.4 mm）。结论：新型人工智能工具在计算未治疗弓的中远端牙齿宽度方面表现出可靠性。我们会进一步发展此工具，以纳入其他参数，例如拱的水准，以提供一种计算拱的整体空间需求的方法。

{"title":"The development of an image processing model to estimate tooth width and space requirements","authors":"Rebecca Toner , Moses Eribo , Bahman Honari , Kieran Daly , Padhraig S. Fleming","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The advent of machine and deep learning has raised the possibility of increased efficiency and indeed improved accuracy in relation to the interpretation of clinical images. Moreover, the use of deep learning has become imbedded within orthodontics with attempts to utilise this approach in informing treatment planning. The aim of this study was to develop and test an AI-based tool capable of measuring tooth width and dental crowding.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Sets of pre and post treatment plaster study models were acquired of 245 patients who had treatment completed in a specialist orthodontic practice by a single orthodontist. These models were scanned to create stereolithography (STL) files. These files were used to train an AI tool capable of calculating the mesio-distal widths of each of the teeth in the arches. To test the validity of this model, direct comparison was made between the AI tool and human raters. A sample of twelve sets of pre-treatment study models were known as the “test data”. The test data was analysed by a group of five orthodontic clinicians at two separate time intervals 6 weeks apart.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistical analysis confirmed a high level of agreement between human raters and also in relation to the novel AI-based tool. Inter-rater reliability among the human raters was high with Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranging from 0.911 to 0.946 between the intervals. Manual measurements also demonstrated a high level of agreement with the AI tool (ICC= 0.956; Mean absolute difference= 0.4 mm).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The novel AI-based tool demonstrated reliability in calculating mesiodistal widths of teeth in an untreated arch. This tool will be further developed to incorporate other parameters such as arch levelling, to provide a means to calculate the overall space requirement within the dental arches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106330"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145906086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the use of intermediate abutments impact screw-retained implant-supported fixed partial prostheses outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials 使用中间基台会影响螺钉保留种植体支持的固定部分假体的效果吗？随机对照试验的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106328

Pedro Molinero-Mourelle , Alvaro Limones , Seyed Ali Mosaddad , Gabriela Panca Sabatini , Maria Menini , Paolo Pesce , Andrea Roccuzzo

Objectives

To evaluate the impact of intermediate abutments on screw-retained implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), primarily assessing marginal bone loss (MBL) and secondarily probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP), implant survival, mechanical complications, and patient satisfaction.

Data

Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using weighted mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes and risk differences for dichotomous outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence (CoE) using the GRADE approach.

Sources

A systematic search was conducted up to May 2025 across MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar.

Study selection

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with ≥6 months of follow-up comparing abutment-level (AL) versus implant-level (IL) connections in partially edentulous patients rehabilitated with screw-retained FDPs.

Results

Three RCTs (8 publications) with different follow-up periods, involving a total of 126 patients and 341 implants, were included. A statistically significant reduction in MBL was observed at 36 months at implant level (MD:-0.13 mm; 95% CI: −0.23 to −0.03; p=0.01; 2 RCTs; 162 implants; moderate CoE). No significant differences in MBL were observed at 12 or 60 months. PD was significantly reduced in the AL group at 36 months (MD:−0.66 mm; 95% CI: −1.13 to −0.19; p=0.01; 2 RCTs; 187 implants; low CoE) and at 60 months (MD:−0.60 mm; 95% CI: −0.91 to −0.29; p<0.001; 1 RCT; 115 implants; low CoE). No significant differences were found in BoP, implant survival, mechanical complications, or patient satisfaction at any follow-up time point.

Conclusions

Intermediate abutments may improve soft-tissue health by reducing PD without increasing complications or implant failure. Despite a minor, non-clinically relevant reduction in MBL, they remain a viable option for screw-retained FDPs.

Clinical Relevance

Intermediate abutments slightly reduce probing depth and marginal bone loss in multi-unit implant prostheses, but the clinical impact is minimal, with no effect on implant survival or mechanical complications.

PROSPERO registration

CRD42023475778.

目的：评估中间基台对螺钉保留种植体支持固定义齿（fdp）的影响，主要评估边缘骨丢失（MBL）和继发性探探深度（PD）、探探出血（BoP）、种植体存活、机械并发症和患者满意度。数据：随机效应荟萃分析采用加权平均差异（WMD）对连续结局和风险差异对二分类结局进行。使用Cochrane RoB 2工具评估偏倚风险，使用GRADE方法评估证据确定性（CoE）。资料来源：到2025年5月，通过MEDLINE （PubMed）、Scopus、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Embase和谷歌Scholar进行了系统搜索。研究选择：随机对照试验（rct），随访≥6个月，比较使用螺钉保留fdp康复的部分无牙患者的基台水平（AL）与种植水平（IL）连接。结果：纳入3项随机对照试验（8篇发表），随访时间不同，共126例患者，341颗种植体。在种植体水平上观察到MBL在36个月时有统计学意义的减少（MD:-0.13 mm; 95% CI: -0.23至-0.03;p=0.01； 2个随机对照试验；162个种植体；中度CoE）。12个月或60个月时MBL无显著差异。AL组PD在36个月（MD:-0.66 mm; 95% CI: -1.13至-0.19;p=0.01； 2个随机对照试验；187个种植体；低CoE）和60个月（MD:-0.60 mm; 95% CI: -0.91至-0.29;p）时显著降低，结论：中间基台可以通过减少PD而改善软组织健康，而不会增加并发症或种植体失败。尽管MBL有轻微的、非临床相关的减少，但它们仍然是螺钉保留fdp的可行选择。临床相关性：在多单元种植体修复中，中间基台略微减少探探深度和边缘骨丢失，但临床影响很小，对种植体存活或机械并发症没有影响。普洛斯彼罗注册：CRD42023475778。

{"title":"Does the use of intermediate abutments impact screw-retained implant-supported fixed partial prostheses outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Pedro Molinero-Mourelle , Alvaro Limones , Seyed Ali Mosaddad , Gabriela Panca Sabatini , Maria Menini , Paolo Pesce , Andrea Roccuzzo","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the impact of intermediate abutments on screw-retained implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), primarily assessing marginal bone loss (MBL) and secondarily probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP), implant survival, mechanical complications, and patient satisfaction.</div></div><div><h3>Data</h3><div>Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted using weighted mean differences (MD) for continuous outcomes and risk differences for dichotomous outcomes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool, and the certainty of evidence (CoE) using the GRADE approach.</div></div><div><h3>Sources</h3><div>A systematic search was conducted up to May 2025 across MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Google Scholar.</div></div><div><h3>Study selection</h3><div>Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with ≥6 months of follow-up comparing abutment-level (AL) versus implant-level (IL) connections in partially edentulous patients rehabilitated with screw-retained FDPs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three RCTs (8 publications) with different follow-up periods, involving a total of 126 patients and 341 implants, were included. A statistically significant reduction in MBL was observed at 36 months at implant level (MD:-0.13 mm; 95% CI: −0.23 to −0.03; <em>p</em>=0.01; 2 RCTs; 162 implants; moderate CoE). No significant differences in MBL were observed at 12 or 60 months. PD was significantly reduced in the AL group at 36 months (MD:−0.66 mm; 95% CI: −1.13 to −0.19; <em>p</em>=0.01; 2 RCTs; 187 implants; low CoE) and at 60 months (MD:−0.60 mm; 95% CI: −0.91 to −0.29; <em>p</em><0.001; 1 RCT; 115 implants; low CoE). No significant differences were found in BoP, implant survival, mechanical complications, or patient satisfaction at any follow-up time point.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Intermediate abutments may improve soft-tissue health by reducing PD without increasing complications or implant failure. Despite a minor, non-clinically relevant reduction in MBL, they remain a viable option for screw-retained FDPs.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Intermediate abutments slightly reduce probing depth and marginal bone loss in multi-unit implant prostheses, but the clinical impact is minimal, with no effect on implant survival or mechanical complications.</div></div><div><h3>PROSPERO registration</h3><div>CRD42023475778.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106328"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145900608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bio-inspired nacre-like glass flake/polymer composites with antibacterial function and translucent appearance 仿生珍珠状玻璃片/聚合物复合材料，具有抗菌功能和半透明外观。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106327

Huijun Sun , Aukrit Luangpattarawong , Parinaz Tabrizian , Aqsa Qambrani , Tan Sui , Angela H. Nobbs , Tony Ireland , Bo Su

Objectives

This study aims to develop a bio-inspired nacre-like glass flake/polymer composite with enhanced mechanical properties, antibacterial function, and aesthetic appearance for potential dental applications.

Methods

Self-assembly via vacuum filtration was used to align glass flakes into a layered structure. After heat treatment, monomers containing methyl methacrylate (MMA), acrylic acid (AA) and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) were infiltrated into the glass flake scaffold and polymerised in situ. The nacre-like microstructure of the composites was characterised and mechanical tests, including flexural strength, elastic modulus and fracture toughness, were conducted to optimise the DMAHDM content (0, 1.5wt%, and 3 wt%). The antibacterial function of the optimised composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM was measured by viable colony-forming unit (CFU) count. Finally, the translucency of the composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM was determined.

Results

The glass flake/polymer composites with different DMAHDM contents all exhibited nacre-like layered microstructures. Adding 3 wt% DMAHDM was shown to significantly lower the flexural strength of the composites. The composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM exhibited a flexural strength of 126.97 MPa, comparable to the current benchmark aesthetic dental composite. Moreover, the elastic modulus of the composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM (24.75 GPa) was similar to that of human dentine, presenting bio-inspired mechanical property. Its unique crack resistance, characterised by a rising R-curve behaviour and a fracture toughness K_J up to 3.88 MPa.m^½, suggested excellent damage tolerance. With the addition of 1.5 wt% DMAHDM, the nacre-like composite demonstrated significant antibacterial function against Streptococcus mutans. Furthermore, the composite retained an aesthetic appearance with a translucency comparable to human enamel.

Significance

A bio-inspired nacre-like glass flake/polymer composite with good mechanical properties, unique crack resistance, antibacterial function and translucency has been developed for aesthetic dental applications.

目的：本研究旨在开发一种具有增强机械性能，抗菌功能和美观外观的仿生珍珠状玻璃片/聚合物复合材料，用于潜在的牙科应用。方法：采用真空过滤的自组装方法将玻璃薄片排列成层状结构。热处理后，将含有甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）、丙烯酸（AA）和甲基丙烯酸二甲基胺十六烷基（DMAHDM）的单体渗透到玻璃鳞片支架中并原位聚合。表征了复合材料的珍珠状微观结构，并进行了力学测试，包括抗弯强度、弹性模量和断裂韧性，以优化DMAHDM含量（0、1.5wt%和3 wt%）。采用菌落形成单位（CFU）计数法测定添加1.5% DMAHDM的优化复合材料的抑菌功能。最后，测定了加入1.5 wt% DMAHDM的复合材料的透光率。结果：不同DMAHDM含量的玻璃片/聚合物复合材料均表现出类似珠粒的层状微结构。结果表明，添加3 wt%的DMAHDM可显著降低复合材料的抗弯强度。含有1.5 wt% DMAHDM的复合材料显示出126.97 MPa的弯曲强度，与目前的基准美学牙科复合材料相当。此外，添加1.5 wt% DMAHDM （24.75 GPa）的复合材料的弹性模量与人牙本质相似，具有仿生力学性能。其独特的抗裂性能，其特征是上升的r曲线行为和断裂韧性KJ高达3.88 MPa。M½，建议极好的损伤容忍度。添加1.5 wt%的DMAHDM后，纳米状复合材料对变形链球菌具有明显的抗菌作用。此外，该复合材料保留了与人类牙釉质相当的半透明美学外观。意义：研制出一种具有良好力学性能、独特抗裂性、抗菌功能和半透明性的仿生类珍珠状玻璃片/聚合物复合材料，用于牙科美容。

{"title":"Bio-inspired nacre-like glass flake/polymer composites with antibacterial function and translucent appearance","authors":"Huijun Sun , Aukrit Luangpattarawong , Parinaz Tabrizian , Aqsa Qambrani , Tan Sui , Angela H. Nobbs , Tony Ireland , Bo Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to develop a bio-inspired nacre-like glass flake/polymer composite with enhanced mechanical properties, antibacterial function, and aesthetic appearance for potential dental applications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Self-assembly via vacuum filtration was used to align glass flakes into a layered structure. After heat treatment, monomers containing methyl methacrylate (MMA), acrylic acid (AA) and dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) were infiltrated into the glass flake scaffold and polymerised in situ. The nacre-like microstructure of the composites was characterised and mechanical tests, including flexural strength, elastic modulus and fracture toughness, were conducted to optimise the DMAHDM content (0, 1.5wt%, and 3 wt%). The antibacterial function of the optimised composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM was measured by viable colony-forming unit (CFU) count. Finally, the translucency of the composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM was determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The glass flake/polymer composites with different DMAHDM contents all exhibited nacre-like layered microstructures. Adding 3 wt% DMAHDM was shown to significantly lower the flexural strength of the composites. The composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM exhibited a flexural strength of 126.97 MPa, comparable to the current benchmark aesthetic dental composite. Moreover, the elastic modulus of the composite with 1.5 wt% DMAHDM (24.75 GPa) was similar to that of human dentine, presenting bio-inspired mechanical property. Its unique crack resistance, characterised by a rising <em>R</em>-curve behaviour and a fracture toughness <em>K<sub>J</sub></em> up to 3.88 MPa.m<sup>½</sup>, suggested excellent damage tolerance. With the addition of 1.5 wt% DMAHDM, the nacre-like composite demonstrated significant antibacterial function against <em>Streptococcus mutans</em>. Furthermore, the composite retained an aesthetic appearance with a translucency comparable to human enamel.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>A bio-inspired nacre-like glass flake/polymer composite with good mechanical properties, unique crack resistance, antibacterial function and translucency has been developed for aesthetic dental applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106327"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145900603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of pulpotomy compared with pulpectomy for irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis 牙髓切开术与牙髓切开术治疗乳牙不可逆牙髓炎的疗效比较：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106329

Shiwani Chawla , Ruchi Singhal , Ritu Namdev , Adarsh Kumar , Khusboo Chhanna , Chanchal Kumari

Introduction and objective

Pulpotomy is increasingly explored as a minimally invasive alternative to pulpectomy for managing irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth. However, its comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This systematic review aims to compare the clinical and radiographic success of pulpotomy versus pulpectomy in primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis.

Study selection and sources

A detailed search of six electronic databases up to April 2025 identified studies comparing pulpotomy and pulpectomy in primary teeth with symptomatic or asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis, excluding cases with swelling, sinus tract, furcal or periapical radiolucency, or root resorption, and with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Two studies met the inclusion criteria: one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and one retrospective cohort study. Meta-analyses were done through random-effects model.

Results

For radiographic success, the pooled risk ratio (RR) was 1.35 (95 % CI: 0.67–2.73; p value = 0.40), with no significant difference between the two treatments. However, it showed very high heterogeneity, I² = 96 %. For clinical success, the pooled RR was 1.06 (95 % CI: 0.95–1.18; p value = 0.28), again showing no significant difference, with heterogeneity, I² = 66 %.

Conclusions

The review revealed no statistically significant difference between the two treatment modalities for managing irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth without clinical signs of swelling or radiographic evidence of periapical infection up to 12 months of follow-up. However, certainty of evidence was very low for both the outcomes.

Clinical significance

Pulpotomy appears to be an effective, minimally invasive alternative to pulpectomy in primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis. However, further well-designed, long-term studies are recommended.

简介与目的：牙髓切开术作为治疗乳牙不可逆性牙髓炎的一种微创替代方法被越来越多地探索。然而，其相对有效性仍不清楚。本系统综述的目的是比较牙髓切开术与牙髓切开术治疗不可逆性牙髓炎的临床和影像学成功。研究选择和来源：截至2025年4月，对6个电子数据库进行了详细的检索，确定了比较牙髓切开术和牙髓切开术治疗有症状或无症状的不可逆牙髓炎的研究，排除了肿胀、窦道、分叉或根尖周放射性或牙根吸收的病例，并且至少随访12个月。两项研究符合纳入标准：一项随机对照试验（RCT）和一项回顾性队列研究。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析。结果：对于放射治疗成功，合并风险比（RR）为1.35 (95% CI: 0.67-2.73； p值 = 0.40)，两种治疗之间无显著差异。但其异质性非常高，I² = 96%。对于临床成功，合并RR为1.06 (95% CI: 0.95 ~ 1.18； p值 = 0.28)，同样无显著差异，存在异质性，I² = 66%。结论：在12个月的随访中，两种治疗方式在治疗无临床肿胀症状或根尖周感染的乳牙不可逆性牙髓炎方面没有统计学差异。然而，这两种结果的证据确定性都很低。临床意义：对于不可逆牙髓炎的乳牙，牙髓切开术是一种有效的、微创的替代牙髓切开术。然而，建议进行进一步精心设计的长期研究。

{"title":"Effectiveness of pulpotomy compared with pulpectomy for irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shiwani Chawla , Ruchi Singhal , Ritu Namdev , Adarsh Kumar , Khusboo Chhanna , Chanchal Kumari","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objective</h3><div>Pulpotomy is increasingly explored as a minimally invasive alternative to pulpectomy for managing irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth. However, its comparative effectiveness remains unclear. This systematic review aims to compare the clinical and radiographic success of pulpotomy versus pulpectomy in primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis.</div></div><div><h3>Study selection and sources</h3><div>A detailed search of six electronic databases up to April 2025 identified studies comparing pulpotomy and pulpectomy in primary teeth with symptomatic or asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis, excluding cases with swelling, sinus tract, furcal or periapical radiolucency, or root resorption, and with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Two studies met the inclusion criteria: one randomized controlled trial (RCT) and one retrospective cohort study. Meta-analyses were done through random-effects model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For radiographic success, the pooled risk ratio (RR) was 1.35 (95 % CI: 0.67–2.73; p value = 0.40), with no significant difference between the two treatments. However, it showed very high heterogeneity, I² = 96 %. For clinical success, the pooled RR was 1.06 (95 % CI: 0.95–1.18; p value = 0.28), again showing no significant difference, with heterogeneity, I² = 66 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The review revealed no statistically significant difference between the two treatment modalities for managing irreversible pulpitis in primary teeth without clinical signs of swelling or radiographic evidence of periapical infection up to 12 months of follow-up. However, certainty of evidence was very low for both the outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>Pulpotomy appears to be an effective, minimally invasive alternative to pulpectomy in primary teeth with irreversible pulpitis. However, further well-designed, long-term studies are recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106329"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145900560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of a bioactive desensitizing material on in-office bleaching–induced tooth sensitivity: A randomized double-blind controlled trial 生物活性脱敏材料对办公室漂白引起的牙齿敏感性的影响：一项随机双盲对照试验。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106326

Ghada A. Maghaireh, Hanan Alzraikat, Majd Y. Altarazi

Objective

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of a bioactive glass desensitizer on the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity and the color change resulting from in-office tooth bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide.

Methods

Fifty-one participants with upper central incisors shades A2 –A3.5 were randomly assigned to three groups: Predicta® Bioactive Desensitizer; fluoride gel; and a placebo gel. The assigned material was applied on teeth before bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (2 × 20 min applications, two sessions, one week apart). Tooth sensitivity was recorded during and after the bleaching using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Color changes were evaluated using the Vita Classical (ΔSGU) and VITA EasyShade spectrophotometer (ΔE) before, immediately after bleaching, and one-month after bleaching. Data were analyzed using the Fisher’s Exact and Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis for sensitivity and ΔSGU, while ∆E was analyzed with two-way repeated-measures (ANOVA). Significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results

There was no significant difference in the absolute risk of tooth sensitivity between the three groups (p =1.000). A lower intensity of tooth sensitivity was observed between 1 and 48 h post bleaching for the Predicta® bioactive desensitizer in both scales (p < 0.05). The two-color evaluation tools showed effective and similar bleaching over time in all three groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The application of Predicta® immediately before in-office bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide did not lower the risk of tooth sensitivity or the intensity of sensitivity immediately after bleaching or within the first hour. However, a significant decrease in sensitivity intensity was observed from 1 to 48 h post-bleaching, without compromising bleaching efficacy.

Clinical Significance

Predicta® does not provide immediate protection against bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity. Its clinical benefit is characterized by a delayed reduction in sensitivity occurring after the first post-operative hour, which should be considered when counseling patients and managing post-bleaching discomfort. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov; the registration number is NCT06532526.

目的：本随机临床试验评估生物活性玻璃脱敏剂对40%过氧化氢在办公室牙齿漂白后牙齿敏感的风险和强度以及颜色变化的影响。方法：51例上中切牙阴影为A2 -A3.5的患者随机分为三组：Predicta®生物活性脱敏剂；氟化凝胶;还有安慰剂凝胶。将指定的材料涂在牙齿上，然后用40%的双氧水漂白（2次 × ，每次20分钟，两次，间隔一周）。使用视觉模拟量表（VAS）和数值评定量表（NRS）记录牙齿漂白期间和漂白后的牙齿敏感性。在漂白前、漂白后和漂白后一个月分别使用Vita classic （ΔSGU）和Vita EasyShade分光光度计（ΔE）评估颜色变化。数据分析采用Fisher’s Exact和Wilcoxon， Kruskal-Wallis对敏感性和ΔSGU进行分析，∆E分析采用双向重复测量（ANOVA）。p < 0.05为显著性。结果：三组间牙敏绝对风险比较差异无统计学意义（p =1.000）。在使用Predicta®生物活性脱敏剂漂白后的1至48小时内，两种量表的牙齿敏感强度均较低（p < 0.05）。双色评估工具显示，随着时间的推移，三组的漂白效果相似（p < 0.05）。结论：在办公室用40%双氧水进行牙齿漂白前立即使用Predicta®并没有降低牙齿漂白后立即或第一个小时内牙齿敏感的风险或敏感的强度。然而，在漂白后1至48小时内观察到敏感性强度显著下降，但不影响漂白效果。临床意义：Predicta®不能立即防止漂白引起的牙齿敏感。其临床益处的特点是术后第一个小时后敏感性延迟降低，在咨询患者和处理漂白后不适时应考虑到这一点。该临床试验在clinicaltrials。gov注册；注册号是NCT06532526。

{"title":"Effects of a bioactive desensitizing material on in-office bleaching–induced tooth sensitivity: A randomized double-blind controlled trial","authors":"Ghada A. Maghaireh, Hanan Alzraikat, Majd Y. Altarazi","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This randomized clinical trial evaluated the effect of a bioactive glass desensitizer on the risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity and the color change resulting from in-office tooth bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-one participants with upper central incisors shades A2 –A3.5 were randomly assigned to three groups: Predicta® Bioactive Desensitizer; fluoride gel; and a placebo gel. The assigned material was applied on teeth before bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide (2 × 20 min applications, two sessions, one week apart). Tooth sensitivity was recorded during and after the bleaching using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Color changes were evaluated using the Vita Classical (ΔSGU) and VITA EasyShade spectrophotometer (ΔE) before, immediately after bleaching, and one-month after bleaching. Data were analyzed using the Fisher’s Exact and Wilcoxon, Kruskal-Wallis for sensitivity and ΔSGU, while ∆E was analyzed with two-way repeated-measures (ANOVA). Significance was set at p < 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference in the absolute risk of tooth sensitivity between the three groups (p =1.000). A lower intensity of tooth sensitivity was observed between 1 and 48 h post bleaching for the Predicta® bioactive desensitizer in both scales (p < 0.05). The two-color evaluation tools showed effective and similar bleaching over time in all three groups (p > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The application of Predicta® immediately before in-office bleaching with 40% hydrogen peroxide did not lower the risk of tooth sensitivity or the intensity of sensitivity immediately after bleaching or within the first hour. However, a significant decrease in sensitivity intensity was observed from 1 to 48 h post-bleaching, without compromising bleaching efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>Predicta® does not provide immediate protection against bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity. Its clinical benefit is characterized by a delayed reduction in sensitivity occurring after the first post-operative hour, which should be considered when counseling patients and managing post-bleaching discomfort. This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov; the registration number is NCT06532526.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106326"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145896600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trueness and precision of composite injection technique: Roles of index design, composite flowabilities, and impression workflow 复合注射技术的真实性和精确性：指标设计、复合流动性和注射工作流程的作用。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106325

Diana Fitri Muslimah , Adityakrisna Yoshi Putra Wigianto , Kittisak Sanon , Kohei Kamoi , Yumika Ida , Tomoki Iuchi , Tetsuo Ichikawa , Keiichi Hosaka

Objective: This study evaluated the dimensional accuracy (trueness and precision) of direct composite veneer restorations fabricated using a composite injection technique by investigating the effects of clear index designs, composite flowabilities, and impression modality used for master model fabrication. Methods: An in vitro 3 × 3 × 2 factorial design (N = 90; n = 5 per group) was used to assess three index configurations (monolayer-closed, MC; monolayer-open, MO; and bilayer-open, BO), three composite flowabilities (super-low, low, and high), and two impression modalities (conventional and digital). All specimens were digitized and superimposed onto a reference model to quantify trueness and precision using a root-mean square analysis. Data was analyzed using a generalized linear model (α = 0.05). Results: Trueness was significantly affected by index design and impression technique (p < 0.05), and the BO index and digital impressions achieved the highest dimensional accuracy. The digital-BO combination yielded a 48.1 % improvement over the least accurate workflow. Precision was significantly affected by all three factors (p < 0.05). Conversely, conventional impression demonstrated superior overall precision (p < 0.001) driven by a significant three-way interaction (p < 0.001) in which the digital- and conventional-MO-high groups showed poorest repeatability (111.1 µm) and highest precision (38.8 µm), respectively. Conclusions: Index design and impression techniques are primary factors affecting dimensional accuracy. The rigid BO index consistently enhances both trueness and precision; digital impressions optimize trueness, and conventional impressions show superior precision. Clinical significance: Clinicians should prioritize rigid bilayer indices to achieve predictable veneer accuracy.

本研究评估了使用复合材料注射技术制造的直接复合材料贴面修复体的尺寸精度（真实度和精度），研究了用于主模型制造的清晰指数设计、复合材料流动性和印模的影响。体外3 × 3 × 2因子设计（N = 90;N = 5 /组）用于评估三种指标配置（单层封闭，MC；单层开放，MO；双层开放，BO），三种复合流动性（超低，低和高）和两种印象模式（传统和数字）。所有标本都被数字化并叠加到参考模型上，使用均方根分析来量化真实性和精度。数据分析采用广义线性模型（α = 0.05）。指数设计和印模技术对准确性有显著影响（p < 0.05）， BO指数和数字印模的尺寸精度最高。数字- bo组合比最不精确的工作流程提高了48.1%。这三个因素对精密度均有显著影响（p < 0.05）。相反，由于显著的三向相互作用（p < 0.001），传统印模表现出更好的整体精度（p < 0.001），其中数字和传统mo -high组分别表现出最差的重复性（111.1µm）和最高的精度（38.8µm）。因此，指标设计和印模技术是影响尺寸精度的主要因素。刚性BO指数的准确性和精度都得到了持续的提高；数字印模优化了真实感，而传统印模则显示出更高的精度。临床医生应优先考虑刚性双层指标，以达到可预测的贴面准确性。

{"title":"Trueness and precision of composite injection technique: Roles of index design, composite flowabilities, and impression workflow","authors":"Diana Fitri Muslimah , Adityakrisna Yoshi Putra Wigianto , Kittisak Sanon , Kohei Kamoi , Yumika Ida , Tomoki Iuchi , Tetsuo Ichikawa , Keiichi Hosaka","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> This study evaluated the dimensional accuracy (trueness and precision) of direct composite veneer restorations fabricated using a composite injection technique by investigating the effects of clear index designs, composite flowabilities, and impression modality used for master model fabrication. <strong><em>Methods:</em></strong> An in vitro 3 × 3 × 2 factorial design (<em>N</em> = 90; <em>n</em> = 5 per group) was used to assess three index configurations (monolayer-closed, MC; monolayer-open, MO; and bilayer-open, BO), three composite flowabilities (super-low, low, and high), and two impression modalities (conventional and digital). All specimens were digitized and superimposed onto a reference model to quantify trueness and precision using a root-mean square analysis. Data was analyzed using a generalized linear model (α = 0.05). <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Trueness was significantly affected by index design and impression technique (<em>p</em> < 0.05), and the BO index and digital impressions achieved the highest dimensional accuracy. The digital-BO combination yielded a 48.1 % improvement over the least accurate workflow. Precision was significantly affected by all three factors (<em>p</em> < 0.05). Conversely, conventional impression demonstrated superior overall precision (<em>p</em> < 0.001) driven by a significant three-way interaction (p < 0.001) in which the digital- and conventional-MO-high groups showed poorest repeatability (111.1 µm) and highest precision (38.8 µm), respectively. <strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong> Index design and impression techniques are primary factors affecting dimensional accuracy. The rigid BO index consistently enhances both trueness and precision; digital impressions optimize trueness, and conventional impressions show superior precision. <strong><em>Clinical significance:</em></strong> Clinicians should prioritize rigid bilayer indices to achieve predictable veneer accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106325"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145892570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different surface finishing procedures on mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed resin for interim fixed dental prosthesis 不同表面处理工艺对临时固定义齿3d打印树脂机械性能和细胞毒性的影响。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106320

Nazli Aydin , Necla Demir , Hayriye Esra Ülker , Zeynep Betül Sarı , Yurdanur Ucar

Objectives

This study evaluated the effects of different surface finishing procedures on the mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed interim fixed dental prosthesis (IFDP) resin.

Methods

A mechanically polished conventional acrylic resin (C-MP) and a milled block mechanically polished (M-MP) were used as controls. A 3D-printed (3DP) resin was used in five different surface finishing procedures [no procedure (NO), optiglaze/intraoral curing (OI), optiglaze/extraoral curing (OE), armaglaze/extraoral curing (AE), and mechanically polished (MP)]. For each group, bar and disc-shaped specimens (n = 15) were obtained. A three-point bending test was conducted at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Flexural strength and flexural modulus were evaluated. The fractured pieces were tested for Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) (n = 5). Traditional colorimetric tetrazolium-based reduction assay (XTT) and a real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system were used to assess the eluates' cytotoxicity on cultured l-929 mouse fibroblast cells. Data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnet T3 or Tukey’s tests (α = 0.05).

Results

There was no statistically significant difference between the mean flexural strength of the printable resin with different surface finishing protocols (p > 0.05). The mean flexural modulus of 3DP-OE was significantly higher than the mean of control groups, 3DP-NO, and 3DP-MP (p < 0.05). C-MP group had the lowest mean VHN (7.1 ± 1.2) (p < 0.05). All groups showed cell viability higher than 70% in XTT. The 1:1 concentration of C-MP had the lowest mean cell survival rate of 87.04%. RTCA results were consistent with XTT results.

Conclusions

A 3D-printed IFDP resin with different surface finishing procedures demonstrated favorable mechanical and biological properties. Different surface finishing procedures affect flexural modulus and VHN of the IFDP resin.

Clinical significance

Glazing or mechanical polishing is recommended for 3D-printed IFDP resin, and it should be considered that the wear of the surface layer may be affected by the applied finishing procedure. Long-term wear resistance, staining, and intraoral aging should be evaluated in future research.

目的：本研究评估了不同表面处理工艺对3d打印临时固定义齿树脂（IFDP）机械性能和细胞毒性的影响。方法：以机械抛光的常规丙烯酸树脂（C-MP）和机械抛光的磨块（M-MP）为对照。3d打印（3DP）树脂用于五种不同的表面处理程序[无程序（no），抛光釉/口内固化（OI），抛光釉/口外固化（OE），抛光釉/口外固化（AE）和机械抛光（MP）]。每组取棒状和盘状标本（n = 15）。以1 mm/min的十字速度进行三点弯曲试验。测定了抗弯强度和抗弯模量。对断片进行维氏显微硬度（VHN）测定（n = 5）。采用传统的比色四氮唑还原法（XTT）和实时细胞分析（RTCA）系统评估洗脱液对培养的L-929小鼠成纤维细胞的细胞毒性。数据分析采用单因素方差分析，随后采用Dunnet T3或Tukey’s检验（α = 0.05）。结果：不同表面处理方案的可打印树脂的平均抗弯强度差异无统计学意义（p < 0.05）。3d - oe的平均弯曲模量显著高于对照组、3d - no和3d - mp的平均值（p < 0.05）。C-MP组VHN平均值最低（7.1±1.2）（p < 0.05）。XTT处理各组细胞存活率均高于70%。1:1浓度的C-MP平均细胞存活率最低，为87.04%。RTCA结果与XTT结果一致。结论：采用不同表面处理工艺的3d打印IFDP树脂具有良好的机械和生物性能。不同的表面处理工艺会影响IFDP树脂的弯曲模量和VHN。临床意义：对于3d打印的IFDP树脂，建议上光或机械抛光，并应考虑到应用的抛光程序可能会影响表面层的磨损。长期耐磨性、染色和口腔内老化应在未来的研究中进行评估。

{"title":"Effects of different surface finishing procedures on mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed resin for interim fixed dental prosthesis","authors":"Nazli Aydin , Necla Demir , Hayriye Esra Ülker , Zeynep Betül Sarı , Yurdanur Ucar","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study evaluated the effects of different surface finishing procedures on the mechanical properties and cytotoxicity of a 3D-printed interim fixed dental prosthesis (IFDP) resin.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A mechanically polished conventional acrylic resin (C-MP) and a milled block mechanically polished (M-MP) were used as controls. A 3D-printed (3DP) resin was used in five different surface finishing procedures [no procedure (NO), optiglaze/intraoral curing (OI), optiglaze/extraoral curing (OE), armaglaze/extraoral curing (AE), and mechanically polished (MP)]. For each group, bar and disc-shaped specimens (<em>n</em> = 15) were obtained. A three-point bending test was conducted at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Flexural strength and flexural modulus were evaluated. The fractured pieces were tested for Vickers micro-hardness (VHN) (<em>n</em> = 5). Traditional colorimetric tetrazolium-based reduction assay (XTT) and a real-time cell analysis (RTCA) system were used to assess the eluates' cytotoxicity on cultured <span>l</span>-929 mouse fibroblast cells. Data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunnet T3 or Tukey’s tests (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no statistically significant difference between the mean flexural strength of the printable resin with different surface finishing protocols (<em>p</em> > 0.05). The mean flexural modulus of 3DP-OE was significantly higher than the mean of control groups, 3DP-NO, and 3DP-MP (<em>p</em> < 0.05). C-MP group had the lowest mean VHN (7.1 ± 1.2) (<em>p</em> < 0.05). All groups showed cell viability higher than 70% in XTT. The 1:1 concentration of C-MP had the lowest mean cell survival rate of 87.04%. RTCA results were consistent with XTT results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A 3D-printed IFDP resin with different surface finishing procedures demonstrated favorable mechanical and biological properties. Different surface finishing procedures affect flexural modulus and VHN of the IFDP resin.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>Glazing or mechanical polishing is recommended for 3D-printed IFDP resin, and it should be considered that the wear of the surface layer may be affected by the applied finishing procedure. Long-term wear resistance, staining, and intraoral aging should be evaluated in future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106320"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145862225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accuracy of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery in clinical dental implant placement: A systematic review and meta-analysis 机器人计算机辅助种植手术在临床牙种植体植入中的准确性：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106321

Jieyong Jia , Yonger Yu , Xiao Cao , Donghe Fu , Chengpeng Lv , Yuncong Li

Objectives

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the accuracy of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) in clinical studies; to determine whether the type of robot system and degree of edentulism influence accuracy; and to compare the positional accuracy of r-CAIS, freehand, static (s-CAIS), and dynamic (d-CAIS) techniques. Both cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included to comprehensively assess clinical outcomes.

Data Sources

A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to February 15, 2025, in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Dental Oral Sciences databases.

Study selection

Clinical studies assessing the positional accuracy of r-CAIS were included. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model to calculate pooled deviations and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), and the risk of bias was assessed. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and pairwise meta-analyses were conducted.

Results

In total, 27 studies were included, encompassing 983 patients and 1546 dental implants. The pooled estimates revealed a coronal deviation of 0.67 mm (95 % CI: 0.62, 0.73), an apical deviation of 0.71 mm (95 % CI: 0.66, 0.77), and an angular deviation of 1.68° (95 % CI: 1.46, 1.90). Neither the robot system nor the degree of edentulism significantly influenced implant accuracy. Comparative analyses demonstrated that r-CAIS has higher accuracy than freehand, s-CAIS, and d-CAIS techniques, with only one study reporting an adverse event.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this systematic review, r-CAIS demonstrated excellent positional accuracy.

Clinical significance

r-CAIS demonstrates excellent positional accuracy and represents a compelling alternative to conventional guided methods for edentulous patients and complex cases. This up-to-date, comprehensive systematic review critically appraises the clinical evidence on r-CAIS, informing future practice and research.

目的：本系统综述旨在评估机器人计算机辅助种植手术（r-CAIS）在临床研究中的准确性；确定机器人系统类型和齿形程度是否影响精度；并比较r-CAIS，徒手，静态（s-CAIS）和动态（d-CAIS）技术的位置精度。纳入队列研究和随机对照试验（rct）以全面评估临床结果。数据来源：综合文献检索，截止2025年2月15日，检索PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、ScienceDirect和Dental Oral Sciences数据库。研究选择：纳入评估r-CAIS定位准确性的临床研究。采用随机效应模型进行meta分析，计算汇总偏差和95%置信区间（ci），并评估偏倚风险。进行亚组分析、元回归和两两元分析。结果：共纳入27项研究，涉及983例患者和1546颗种植体。合并估计显示冠状偏移0.67 mm (95% CI: 0.62, 0.73)，根尖偏移0.71 mm (95% CI: 0.66, 0.77)，角偏移1.68°（95% CI: 1.46, 1.90）。机器人系统和全牙化程度都没有显著影响种植体的准确性。对比分析表明，r-CAIS技术比徒手、s-CAIS和d-CAIS技术具有更高的准确性，只有一项研究报告了不良事件。结论：在本系统综述的局限性内，r-CAIS显示了出色的定位精度。临床意义：r-CAIS显示了良好的定位准确性，对于无牙患者和复杂病例来说，它是传统引导方法的一个令人信服的选择。这篇最新的、全面的系统综述批判性地评估了r-CAIS的临床证据，为未来的实践和研究提供了信息。

{"title":"Accuracy of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery in clinical dental implant placement: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jieyong Jia , Yonger Yu , Xiao Cao , Donghe Fu , Chengpeng Lv , Yuncong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the accuracy of robotic computer-assisted implant surgery (r-CAIS) in clinical studies; to determine whether the type of robot system and degree of edentulism influence accuracy; and to compare the positional accuracy of r-CAIS, freehand, static (s-CAIS), and dynamic (d-CAIS) techniques. Both cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included to comprehensively assess clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Data Sources</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to February 15, 2025, in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, and Dental Oral Sciences databases.</div></div><div><h3>Study selection</h3><div>Clinical studies assessing the positional accuracy of r-CAIS were included. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model to calculate pooled deviations and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), and the risk of bias was assessed. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and pairwise meta-analyses were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 27 studies were included, encompassing 983 patients and 1546 dental implants. The pooled estimates revealed a coronal deviation of 0.67 mm (95 % CI: 0.62, 0.73), an apical deviation of 0.71 mm (95 % CI: 0.66, 0.77), and an angular deviation of 1.68° (95 % CI: 1.46, 1.90). Neither the robot system nor the degree of edentulism significantly influenced implant accuracy. Comparative analyses demonstrated that r-CAIS has higher accuracy than freehand, s-CAIS, and <span>d</span>-CAIS techniques, with only one study reporting an adverse event.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Within the limitations of this systematic review, r-CAIS demonstrated excellent positional accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>r-CAIS demonstrates excellent positional accuracy and represents a compelling alternative to conventional guided methods for edentulous patients and complex cases. This up-to-date, comprehensive systematic review critically appraises the clinical evidence on r-CAIS, informing future practice and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"166 ","pages":"Article 106321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “In vitro Evaluation of the Ability of Nanohydroxyapatite Toothpastes to Enhance Remineralization of Enamel Caries Lesion” [Journal of Dentistry 161 (2025); 1-7; 106006] “纳米羟基磷灰石牙膏增强牙釉质龋齿损伤再矿化能力的体外评估”[Journal of Dentistry] 161 (2025)；1 - 7;106006]。

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of dentistry

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2025.106308

Bennett Tochukwu Amaechi , Alexandria Isabella Tan , Amal Ahmed K. Noureldin , Kannan Kanthaiah , Emily Holladay , Amos Chinedu Obiefuna , Mahalakshmi Vijayaraghavan

引用次数: 0