Journal of dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Feasibility and accuracy of a partial point cloud registration method for transoral robot-assisted surgery of zygoma fracture: A phantom study","authors":"Hangyu Liu ,&nbsp;Bimeng Jie ,&nbsp;Chunheng Lu ,&nbsp;Haoliang Chen ,&nbsp;Junchen Wang ,&nbsp;Yang He","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To propose a novel registration method based on partial point cloud registration for transoral robot-assisted zygoma fracture surgery and validate its accuracy via a phantom study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study comprised two validation phases. 1) Feasibility of partial zygomatic surface point cloud registration. Forty sets of normal CT data were selected from an established normative database. After segmentation and 3D reconstruction of zygoma, point clouds from different exposure ranges on the zygomatic bone surface (Group A: Full Zygomatic Bone Outer Surface; Group B: Area Below Infraorbital Margin; and Group C: Area Below Infraorbital Foramen.) were extracted and registered to the intact zygoma using the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm. The Fiducial Registration Error (FRE) was computed for each group. 2) Accuracy of partial point cloud registration: 10 pre-operative CT scans of zygomatic fractures were selected. Registration using fiducial markers served as the control (Group A). Using a self-developed and previously validated binocular vision camera and probe, point clouds of different exposure range (Group B1, B2, and B3) on the zygomatic bone surface were collected and registered using ICP algorithm. The accuracy of partial point cloud registration for different zygomatic bone surface areas was comparatively evaluated using both FRE and Target Registration Error (TRE).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Feasibility of partial zygomatic surface point cloud registration: The FRE for Group A, B, and C was 0.16 ± 0.16 mm, 0.18 ± 0.14 mm and 0.22 ± 0.13 mm (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Accuracy of partial point cloud registration: The TRE for Group A, B1, B2, and B3 was 0.47 ± 0.17 mm, 0.70 ± 0.17 mm, 0.70 ± 0.17 mm, 0.86 ± 0.24 mm. (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The proposed method, based on partial point cloud registration, demonstrated both accuracy and feasibility, offering a foundation for future advancements in transoral robot-assisted surgery of zygoma fracture.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>For transoral robotic-assisted zygoma reduction, the most crucial part is to enable the robot to accurately localize bone fragments following limited surgical exposure. The innovative registration approach based on partial point cloud registration has been proven to possess both accuracy and feasibility, which lays a solid foundation for the future development of transoral robot-assisted surgical techniques in the treatment of zygomatic fractures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106533"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical validation of an automated zygomatic implant planning system: An international multicenter study","authors":"Wenying Wang ,&nbsp;Haitao Li ,&nbsp;Feng Wang ,&nbsp;James Chow ,&nbsp;Rubén Davó ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Chen ,&nbsp;Baoxin Tao ,&nbsp;Yiqun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To validate the performance of a novel automated zygomatic implant (ZI) planning tool (Zygoplanner) in an international multicenter cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans from 69 patients (276 ZIs) who underwent quad zygomatic implant surgery were retrospectively analyzed using Zygoplanner. Automated ZI plans generated by Zygoplanner were compared with the corresponding clinically placed implants. The comparison metrics included three-dimensional bone-to-implant contact (3D-BIC), Zygoma Anatomy-Guided Approach (ZAGA) classification, safety distances to the orbital rim and the inferior border of the zygoma, inter-implant spacing, surgeon subjective assessments, and a blinded Turing test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with clinically-proved manual plans, Zygoplanner-based automated ZI plans achieved significantly higher 3D-BIC values (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In the internal dataset, automated plans showed slightly shorter orbital rim distances (4.51 vs 5.71 mm, <em>p</em> = 0.022) but significantly greater distances to the inferior zygomatic border (8.21 vs 7.20 mm, <em>p</em> = 0.015). In the external dataset, Zygoplanner demonstrated significantly larger inter-implant spacing (3.01 vs 1.18 mm, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Despite these differences, ZAGA classifications remained consistent between both groups. Subjective evaluations by experienced surgeons yielded high scores for stability (4.63/5), feasibility (4.51/5), and safety (4.25/5). In the blinded Turing test, Zygoplanner-generated plans were identified as human expert in 65.2 % of cases, significantly exceeds the 50 % random guessing threshold (<em>p</em> = 0.0075).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Zygoplanner automatically generates clinically acceptable quad ZI plans with improved 3D-BIC, which effectively reduces the planning complexity and facilitates better preoperative ZI planning.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>Zygoplanner shows strong potential to automate and standardize quad zygomatic implant planning, thereby improving surgical predictability and safety while simplifying the planning workflow. Its automated workflow supports more consistent outcomes and may broaden access to advanced zygomatic implant rehabilitation for patients with edentulous maxillae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106532"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study on professional cleansing protocols for PMMA resins produced by CAD/CAM and 3D printing technologies: Effects on surface roughness and color stability","authors":"Martina Bonvicini ,&nbsp;Davide Silvestri ,&nbsp;Antonio Arena ,&nbsp;Francesca Zicari ,&nbsp;Adolfo Di Fiore ,&nbsp;Luca Bortolotti ,&nbsp;Luca Lusvarghi ,&nbsp;Carlo Monaco","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This in vitro pilot study evaluated the effects of two professional cleansing protocols on surface roughness and color stability of various resins for complete dentures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>50 resin specimens were prepared and divided into five groups (n = 10): Probase Hot (PH, Ivoclar AG), IvoBase CAD (IBC, Ivoclar AG), Ivotion Dent (ID, Ivoclar AG), Dima Print Denture Base (DPDB, Kulzer), and Dima Print Denture Teeth (DPDT, Kulzer). After a 7-day immersion in coffee solution, two cleansing protocols were applied: a chemical one using an alkaline solution, and a combined mechanical+chemical one involving an acid-based cleaning agent with a rotating needle device followed by the same chemical protocol. Surface roughness was measured before and after cleaning using a structured light profilometer (Confovis) connected to a microscope (Eclipse LV150N, Nikon). Color stability was assessed with a colorimeter (Easy_Color, SmartVision). One specimen per group underwent SEM analysis at baseline and after both protocols. The data analysis was performed by using Kruskal-Wallis test and post-hoc Dunn test for comparison.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Surface roughness was not significantly affected by either protocol (p&gt;0.05). All ΔE values were below the perceptibility threshold (ΔE&lt;1.2), except for ID after both the chemical (ΔE = 2.28) and the mechanical+chemical protocol (ΔE = 2.39) and DPDB after both the chemical (ΔE = 2.06) and the mechanical+chemical protocol (ΔE = 2.33).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Surface roughness and color stability of PMMA resins were not affected by the tested cleansing protocols, so they could be used by clinician during the periodically control visit.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>The proposed cleansing protocols help preserve the long-term aesthetic and functional integrity of dentures, enhancing patient satisfaction and oral health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106535"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-printed resins intended for long-term restoration vs. conventionally used materials: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of in vitro studies","authors":"Eddy Jhonny Alvarez Lalvay ,&nbsp;Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Antoni Raupp da Silva ,&nbsp;Francisco Amaro Cruz Morganti ,&nbsp;Fabrício Mezzomo Collares ,&nbsp;Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA) evaluated whether three-dimensional (3D) printed resin-based composites (RBCs) intended for long-term dental restorations perform similarly or superiorly to conventional restorative materials.</div></div><div><h3>Data sources</h3><div>The review followed the PRISMA extension for NMA. Six electronic databases were searched up to November 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Study selection</h3><div><em>In vitro</em> studies assessing at least one commercially available 3D-printed RBC for long-term dental restorations and at least one conventional restorative material were eligible. Methodological quality was assessed using the RoBDEMAT tool, and data were synthesized using Bayesian NMA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 2299 records, 50 studies met the inclusion criteria, of which 40 were included in the meta-analyses. Across mechanical, physical, reproducibility, and optical outcomes, 3D-printed RBCs generally performed similarly to or worse than most conventional materials. However, they demonstrated superior marginal and internal fit compared with glass ceramics, polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks, and polymeric restoratives, except when compared with direct RBCs, indicating enhanced dimensional accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Although 3D printing achieved superior trueness and internal/marginal fit relative to most conventional restorative materials, the inferior mechanical performance, suboptimal microstructural characteristics, and limited optical stability of 3D-printed resins underscore the need for improvements in material formulation, post-curing strategies, and finishing and polishing protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>At present, 3D-printed resins for long-term single-unit restorations do not yet match the overall performance of established conventional restorative systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106531"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and mineralising properties of silver complex fluoride on enamel caries: An in vitro study","authors":"Grace Y Xu ,&nbsp;Iris X Yin ,&nbsp;Irene S Zhao ,&nbsp;Christie YK Lung ,&nbsp;Edward CM Lo ,&nbsp;Chun Hung Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and mineralising effects of silver complex fluoride (SCF) on enamel.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sound human enamel blocks were prepared and subjected to Streptococcus mutans–induced demineralisation to create artificial caries. Blocks were treated with SCF, 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF), or deionised water and underwent a 21-day pH-cycling. Biofilm morphology, viability, and quantification were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and colony-forming unit (CFU) counting. Remineralisation effects were assessed by SEM, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), Knoop microhardness, and X-ray diffraction (XRD).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SEM images showed dense bacterial biofilm on water-treated enamel, but minimal growth on SCF- or SDF-treated surfaces. CLSM indicated higher dead/live cell ratios in SCF (0.75 ± 0.22) and SDF (0.83 ± 0.25) groups than water (0.43 ± 0.22; p &lt; 0.001). Log CFU values for SCF, SDF, and water were 6.90 ± 0.09, 6.74 ± 0.23, and 7.78 ± 0.13, respectively (p &lt; 0.001, SCF, SDF &lt; Water). Lesion depths (μm) were 91 ± 36, 89 ± 24, and 186 ± 34 (p &lt; 0.001; SCF, SDF &lt; Water), while mineral loss (gHA pcm⁻³) was 0.43 ± 0.13, 0.40 ± 0.14, and 1.32 ± 0.21 (p &lt; 0.001; SCF, SDF &lt; Water) for SCF, SDF, and water, respectively. Knoop hardness was significantly higher in SCF (70 ± 2) and SDF (72 ± 7) than water (25 ± 6; p &lt; 0.05). XRD confirmed well-crystallised hydroxyapatite in SCF- and SDF-treated enamel but not in water-treated samples.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SCF demonstrates antibacterial and mineralising properties comparable to SDF.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>Adoption of SCF may expand silver-based caries prevention by improving patient acceptance without compromising appearance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106534"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146105633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the accuracy of Robotic arm and Dynamic Navigation in the placement of mandibular dental implants: An in-vitro study","authors":"Bander N. Al-Meshary ,&nbsp;Mohammed Y. Al-Jarsha ,&nbsp;Kurt B Naudi ,&nbsp;Ashraf Ayoub","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the spatial accuracy between Robotic Computer-Assisted implant Surgery (R-CAIS) and Dynamic Computer-Assisted Implant Surgery (D-CAIS) for placement of dental implants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study was carried out on twelve polyurethane mandibular models which were randomly divided into two groups (n = 6): D-CAIS (group 1) and R-CAIS (group 2). In group 1 the placement of two mandibular implants was carried out manually guided by dynamic navigation. In group 2, the placement of the two mandibular implants was achieved using a robotic arm. The postoperative Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans were superimposed on the predication planning to calculate the errors of the placement of the implants at entry point and at the apex as well as any angulation deviation. The statistical significance of the placement errors was assessed using Student <em>t</em>-tests and Mann–Whitney U tests (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) for parametric and non-parametric measurements, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>D-CAIS group cases showed significantly lower entry and apex deviations (0.99 ± 0.33 mm; 0.77 ± 0.34 mm) compared to the R-CAIS group (1.82 ± 0.50 mm; 1.30 ± 0.51 mm). Angular deviation was comparable between the two groups (3.97 ± 2.40° vs 4.33 ± 1.83°; <em>p</em> = 0.51). The standard deviations of the linear placement errors (entry and apex) were smaller in the D-CAIS group, whereas the standard deviation of the angular deviation was smaller in the R-CAIS group. Although the angular deviation differed slightly between the two approaches, the results showed no statistically significant difference. The measured implant placement errors of the two approaches were clinically acceptable (&lt; 2 mm; <strong>&lt;</strong> 5°). The measured errors are likely to be secondary to the registration process which was more complex with the application of the robotic arm for the placement of the implants.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>D-CAIS demonstrated higher accuracy in mandibular implant placement, particularly in terms of linear deviations, while R-CAIS showed greater consistency in angular measurements despite no significant difference between groups. Overall, the observed deviations were small and are of limited clinical significance. These findings reflect system-level performance in a controlled laboratory setting, further clinical studies are required to validate these results.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>The study investigated the challenges and opportunities of the clinical application of dynamic navigation and robotic arm for the placement of dental implants. It informs the reader with the related technical details and the digital workflow for each of these two innovative techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106527"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146093287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and demineralisation-inhibiting properties of silver complex fluoride on dentine caries: an in vitro study","authors":"Grace Y Xu ,&nbsp;Iris X Yin ,&nbsp;Irene S Zhao ,&nbsp;Christie YK Lung ,&nbsp;Edward CM Lo ,&nbsp;Chun Hung Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and demineralisation-inhibiting effects of a non-discolouring silver complex fluoride (SCF) on artificial dentine caries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Dentine blocks with artificial carious lesions were treated with SCF, silver diamine fluoride (SDF, as positive control), and water (as negative control). Then the blocks underwent <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> biofilm and pH–cycling for 7 days. The morphology, viability and growth kinetics of the biofilm were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and colony-forming unit (CFU) counting, respectively. The dentine surface morphology, lesion depths and mineral loss, chemical structure and crystal characteristics were determined using SEM, micro-computed tomography, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. One-way analysis of variance with the Bonferroni post hoc test was performed to assess and compare the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SEM revealed confluent bacterial growth covering the surface of dentine treated with water but not SCF and SDF. CLSM showed that the dead-to-live ratios of biofilms treated with SCF, SDF, and water were 0.77 ± 0.16, 0.88 ± 0.40, and 0.44 ± 0.03, respectively (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, SCF, SDF&gt;Water). The Log CFU values of the biofilm treated with SCF, SDF and water were 6.7 ± 0.1, 6.6 ± 0.2 and 7.8 ± 0.1 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, SCF, SDF&lt;Water). SEM images showed Group SCF had less exposed dentine collagen fibers than Group Water. Micro-computed tomography showed the lesion-depth (μm) of dentine treated with SCF, SDF and water were 40±5, 35±8 and 180±20 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, SCF, SDF&lt;Water). The mineral loss (gHApcm⁻³) of dentine treated with SCF, SDF and water were 0.24±0.05, 0.20±0.03 and 0.45±0.03 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, SCF, SDF&lt;Water). FTIR showed the amide I-to-hydrogen phosphate ratios of dentine treated with SCF, SDF and water were 0.25±0.03, 0.22±0.03, and 0.43±0.05 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001, SCF, SDF&lt;Water). XRD revealed that the hydroxyapatite in SDF and SCF groups was better crystallised than that of water Group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated that SCF inhibited the growth of <em>S. mutans</em> biofilm and reduced the demineralisation of artificial dentine caries.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>If SCF is successfully translated into clinical application, it may be a novel anti-caries agent for clinicians to arrest dentine caries</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106528"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between single point aMMP8 levels and previous periodontal disease progression – a long-term follow-up after 10 years in patients with stage III/IV periodontitis","authors":"Sophie Gänesch ,&nbsp;Caspar Victor Bumm ,&nbsp;Florian Nagler ,&nbsp;Christina Ern ,&nbsp;Richard Heym ,&nbsp;Iris Frasheri ,&nbsp;Thomas Spinell ,&nbsp;Charlotte Wetzel ,&nbsp;Julia Diegelmann ,&nbsp;Vinay Pitchika ,&nbsp;Falk Schwendicke ,&nbsp;Nils Werner ,&nbsp;Matthias Folwaczny","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To investigate the association of active matrix-metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) levels in total oral fluid (TOF), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and periodontal disease progression in the last 10 years in a cohort of patients with stage III/IV periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>47 patients receiving steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy with an observation period of over 10 years were included. Levels of current aMMP-8 in TOF, GCF and serum were determined at a single point at the ten-year follow-up. Past periodontal disease progression was characterized by clinical attachment loss over 10 years. For statistical analysis, linear regression models along with binary logistic regression models to analyze the progression rate based on age, gender, smoking, diabetes, full mouth bleeding score (FMBS), and T2 aMMP-8 levels were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>At T2, the median patient age was 73 years [67; 79], with a mean attachment loss of 1.5 mm [1.0; 2.1] over the observation period. aMMP-8 levels did not differ between patients with mild and moderate disease progression. In multivariate linear regression, aMMP-8 levels were not associated with mean attachment loss. In contrast, sex, non-smoking status, and FMBS showed significant associations with past progression. Classification models for GCF and serum aMMP-8 expression yielded the highest accuracy (ROC = 0.80) for the binary assessment into mild and moderate progression, although this did not differ significantly from the model based on covariates alone (ROC = 0.75).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Current aMMP-8 levels determined at a single point were not associated with past periodontal disease progression during a 10-year period. Clinical factors such as sex, non-smoking status, and FMBS showed a stronger association with past progression.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>Biomarkers might improve the precision of periodontal diagnosis and monitoring; however, evidence is limited regarding their association with disease progression. Active-MMP-8 has gained increasing interest in recent years.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106526"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146097045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial aging-induced changes in surface properties of experimental bioactive glass-containing composites","authors":"Matej Par ,&nbsp;Andrea Gubler ,&nbsp;Danijela Marovic ,&nbsp;Zrinka Tarle ,&nbsp;Thomas Attin ,&nbsp;Tobias T. Tauböck","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine how artificial aging affects microhardness (MH), surface roughness (Ra), and surface micromorphology of experimental bioactive glass (BG)-containing resin composites functionalized with either conventional BG 45S5 (C-series) or a low-sodium fluoride-containing BG (F-series).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seven experimental composites were prepared (Control; 5, 10, 20 wt% BG within each series; total filler load 70 wt%) based on a Bis-GMA/TEGDMA (60:40) resin matrix. Light-cured composite specimens were aged in simulated body fluid (SBF, pH 7.4), lactic acid solution (LA, pH 4.0), ethanol/water solution (75% EtOH), 0.1 M NaOH solution (pH 13.0), or thermocycled 10,000 cycles (5–55°C). MH and Ra were measured at baseline, 1, 3, 7, and 30 days, and specimen surfaces were examined by SEM/EDS. Ultrasonication was used to remove loosely bound surface deposits, after which MH, Ra, and SEM/EDS were re-measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MH degradation ranked SBF&lt;LA&lt;EtOH&lt; NaOH. In the C-series, MH declined with increasing content of BG 45S5 under all aging conditions. In contrast, the F-series (5–20 wt%) maintained MH values statistically similar to Control in SBF, LA, EtOH, and after thermocycling. Ra increased for BG-containing materials in SBF, LA, EtOH, and after thermocycling, whereas NaOH significantly increased Ra for all materials, including Control. After ultrasonication, all F-series Ra values were below 0.2 µm, indicating clinically acceptable surface smoothness. SEM analysis showed apatite-like precipitates in SBF, dissolution pits in LA, interfacial cracking and occasional particle detachment in EtOH, and extensive filler loss with pronounced erosion in NaOH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Under accelerated aging, F-BG composites maintained MH and clinically acceptable smoothness more reliably than 45S5 formulations, with limited roughening under neutral and mildly acidic conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Composites with low-sodium fluoride-containing BG maintained microhardness comparable to the control composite and post-ultrasonication roughness below 0.2 µm, supporting their potential as ion-releasing restoratives with clinically acceptable surfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106525"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146085972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive and antibacterial universal adhesives containing ZnO/Cu and bioactive glass nanoparticles","authors":"Carolina Pardo-Díaz ,&nbsp;Gabriel Cochinski ,&nbsp;Pedro Moreira ,&nbsp;Fabio Dupart Nascimento ,&nbsp;Marina Damasceno e Souza Chiari ,&nbsp;Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa ,&nbsp;Cristian Covarrubias ,&nbsp;Mario Felipe Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Alessandro D. Loguercio ,&nbsp;Eduardo Fernández","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.106524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the antibacterial activity, cytocompatibility, mineralizing potential, degree of conversion (DC), enzymatic activity, and resin–dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of a universal adhesive modified with zinc oxide (ZnO), copper (Cu), and bioactive glass (BG) nanoparticles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Five adhesive formulations were evaluated: control (0 wt %); ZnO/Cu (0.2 wt % Cu + 2.5 wt % ZnO); 5 wt %BG + ZnO/Cu; 10 wt %BG + ZnO/Cu; and 10 wt %BG. Antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans was quantified by colony-forming unit counts. Cytocompatibility was assessed using human gingival stem cells (MTS assay, 3 and 7 days). Mineralization was evaluated after immersion in simulated body fluid (7 and 28 days) via FE-SEM and EDX. The DC was measured by Raman spectroscopy. Resin–dentin μTBS was tested under self-etch (SE) and etch-and-rinse (ER) strategies. MMPs activity was assessed by in situ zymography. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>BG nanoparticles significantly enhanced antibacterial and mineralizing responses. The 10 wt %BG and 10 wt %BG + ZnO/Cu groups achieved &gt;80 % bacterial inhibition and marked Ca–P deposition after 28 days. All adhesives exhibited cytocompatibility (&gt;80 % viability) and DC values &gt;60 %. A slight reduction in μTBS was observed for 10 wt %BG groups under the ER strategy. High gelatinolytic activity was detected across all groups, with reduced fluorescence only for the ZnO /Cu group under ER strategy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Incorporating BG nanoparticles into a ZnO/Cu-modified universal adhesive improved antibacterial and mineralizing properties without impairing cytocompatibility, polymerization, without critically compromising bond strength. MMP activity varied with bonding strategies, with no consistent inhibitory effect observed.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Universal adhesives modified with bioactive glass and ZnO/Cu nanoparticles exhibited enhanced antibacterial and mineralizing properties while maintaining cytocompatibility and degree of conversion, without critically compromising bond strength. Although, no immediate inhibition of MMP activity was observed, this multifunctional approach may contribute to more stable adhesive interfaces and improved long-term performance of composite restorations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 106524"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146157294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}