Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187147
Anaël Mayeur, Florence Carpentier, Augustin Soki-Makilutila, Bruno Colas
Roadside revegetation practices have evolved significantly in recent decades, spurred by the need for more reliable and cost-efficient operations and escalating concerns regarding biodiversity integration into large land-planning projects. While the use of rich and locally-sourced seed mixtures for revegetation is being considered with a rising interest to provide ecosystem services and resiliency, their efficacy in meeting practitioners’ erosion-control expec - tations remains underexplored. This study addressed this gap by investigating the erosion-control potential of six seed mixtures, categorized into three compositions with varying levels of richness (standard < competitive < bio-diversity) and sourced from local and non-local origins, in a controlled greenhouse environment. For this purpose, the effect of these modalities on vegetation cover, plant density and root biomass production was assessed over a period of 118 days. During the establishment phase, while the effect of the origin on cover was not conclusive, the richer Biodiversity composition achieved faster ground cover, attributed to the presence of large-leaved forbs. The overall density of plants was lower in the richer mix compared to the two others, but significantly higher in its local version. The findings underscored trade-offs between vegetation cover and density, driven by intra-and inter-specific competition processes, particularly related to access to light. Root biomass production was influenced by the origin of the seeds, with local mixes yielding higher biomass, particularly visible in the richer composition. In spite of growing conditions supposed to favor cultivars, wild and locally-sourced seeds showed promising results, advocating their broader adoption in roadside revegetation efforts. These findings provide insights for practitioners to optimize revegetation strategies and enhance roadside ecosystem resilience in the face of changing environmental conditions. In situ field trials should now be carried out to confirm these promising results obtained under controlled conditions for roadside management and ecological restoration.
{"title":"Assessing Seed Mixtures for Roadside Revegetation – Richness and Origin as Predictors for Erosion Control","authors":"Anaël Mayeur, Florence Carpentier, Augustin Soki-Makilutila, Bruno Colas","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187147","url":null,"abstract":"Roadside revegetation practices have evolved significantly in recent decades, spurred by the need for more reliable and cost-efficient operations and escalating concerns regarding biodiversity integration into large land-planning projects. While the use of rich and locally-sourced seed mixtures for revegetation is being considered with a rising interest to provide ecosystem services and resiliency, their efficacy in meeting practitioners’ erosion-control expec - tations remains underexplored. This study addressed this gap by investigating the erosion-control potential of six seed mixtures, categorized into three compositions with varying levels of richness (standard < competitive < bio-diversity) and sourced from local and non-local origins, in a controlled greenhouse environment. For this purpose, the effect of these modalities on vegetation cover, plant density and root biomass production was assessed over a period of 118 days. During the establishment phase, while the effect of the origin on cover was not conclusive, the richer Biodiversity composition achieved faster ground cover, attributed to the presence of large-leaved forbs. The overall density of plants was lower in the richer mix compared to the two others, but significantly higher in its local version. The findings underscored trade-offs between vegetation cover and density, driven by intra-and inter-specific competition processes, particularly related to access to light. Root biomass production was influenced by the origin of the seeds, with local mixes yielding higher biomass, particularly visible in the richer composition. In spite of growing conditions supposed to favor cultivars, wild and locally-sourced seeds showed promising results, advocating their broader adoption in roadside revegetation efforts. These findings provide insights for practitioners to optimize revegetation strategies and enhance roadside ecosystem resilience in the face of changing environmental conditions. In situ field trials should now be carried out to confirm these promising results obtained under controlled conditions for roadside management and ecological restoration.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187152
Z. Z. AL-Saedi, S. Taib
Medical wastes include the wastes created by biomedical research institutes, medical labs
医疗废物包括生物医学研究机构、医疗实验室产生的废物。
{"title":"Ecological Impacts, Management and Disposal Methods for Medical Wastes: A Review","authors":"Z. Z. AL-Saedi, S. Taib","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187152","url":null,"abstract":"Medical wastes include the wastes created by biomedical research institutes, medical labs","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188881
Yiru Li, Muhammad Ahmad Hassan, Qian Zhu, Wuyun Fang, Yue-Neng Yi, Sumei Duan, Haibing Yu, Shimei Wang
Rice is an integral component of the daily food consumptions in China. Drought stress diminishes rice productivity and deteriorates its quality. To further improve the identification and selection system of drought-tolerant rice variet - ies, this experiment used 130 new rice hybrid combinations as research materials and water stress was carried out during the whole life span, with normal water management as the control, so as to construct a synergistic evaluation standard of drought-tolerance of rice in terms of yield and quality by examining the characteristics of plant height, fruiting rate, yield per plant, and quality. The study showed that (1) the coefficients of variation of the drought toler - ance coefficients of the 11 indexes ranged from 3.50% to 44.35%, with the largest coefficient of variation being the yield per plant at 44.35% and the smallest being the grain length at 3.50%. According to the principal component analysis, the cumulative contribution of the first four principal components was 73.022%, which were the total num - ber of grains, the number of solid grains, the effective panicles and plant height. The correlation analysis showed that the drought tolerance composite evaluation value was extremely significantly correlated with plant height, effective panicles, total grain number, number of solid grains, fruiting rate, thousand grain weight and grain width. Based on the results of stepwise regression analysis, the number of grains, plant height and thousand grain weight can be used as drought-resistant identification indexes. (2) Based on the variation characteristics of protein, brown rice rate, re - fined rice rate, whole refined rice rate and straight-chain starch content, 50 high-quality combinations were selected. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 50 rice combinations were divided into three groups, Group I strong drought-resistant with materials HD009, HD024, HD171, HD207, HD432, HD447, HD0451, a total of 7 materials up to the first level of rice indicators; Group II medium drought-resistant with 21 materials up to the first level of rice indicators; Group III drought-sensitive material HD522 up to the first level of rice indicators.
{"title":"Evaluation of Drought Resistance and Quality of Different Rice Hybrid Combinations","authors":"Yiru Li, Muhammad Ahmad Hassan, Qian Zhu, Wuyun Fang, Yue-Neng Yi, Sumei Duan, Haibing Yu, Shimei Wang","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188881","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is an integral component of the daily food consumptions in China. Drought stress diminishes rice productivity and deteriorates its quality. To further improve the identification and selection system of drought-tolerant rice variet - ies, this experiment used 130 new rice hybrid combinations as research materials and water stress was carried out during the whole life span, with normal water management as the control, so as to construct a synergistic evaluation standard of drought-tolerance of rice in terms of yield and quality by examining the characteristics of plant height, fruiting rate, yield per plant, and quality. The study showed that (1) the coefficients of variation of the drought toler - ance coefficients of the 11 indexes ranged from 3.50% to 44.35%, with the largest coefficient of variation being the yield per plant at 44.35% and the smallest being the grain length at 3.50%. According to the principal component analysis, the cumulative contribution of the first four principal components was 73.022%, which were the total num - ber of grains, the number of solid grains, the effective panicles and plant height. The correlation analysis showed that the drought tolerance composite evaluation value was extremely significantly correlated with plant height, effective panicles, total grain number, number of solid grains, fruiting rate, thousand grain weight and grain width. Based on the results of stepwise regression analysis, the number of grains, plant height and thousand grain weight can be used as drought-resistant identification indexes. (2) Based on the variation characteristics of protein, brown rice rate, re - fined rice rate, whole refined rice rate and straight-chain starch content, 50 high-quality combinations were selected. The results of cluster analysis showed that the 50 rice combinations were divided into three groups, Group I strong drought-resistant with materials HD009, HD024, HD171, HD207, HD432, HD447, HD0451, a total of 7 materials up to the first level of rice indicators; Group II medium drought-resistant with 21 materials up to the first level of rice indicators; Group III drought-sensitive material HD522 up to the first level of rice indicators.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187964
Magdalena Myszura-Dymek
The aim of the research was to assess the quality of organic matter contained in sewage sludge composting products and their co-composting with fly ash and mineral wool. The object of the research were composts produced using stabilized sewage sludge from the municipal sewage treatment plant (SS_1C) and sewage sludge with the addition of 20% (SSF_2C) and 30% (SSF_3C) of fly ash and 5% (SSW_4C) and 10% (SSW_5C) of mineral wool. Selected physicochemical properties, fractional composition of humic compounds, and the degree and rate of humification were determined in compost samples taken after 180 days of composting. The reaction of the evalu - ated composts was close to optimal for mature composts. Co-composting of sewage sludge with mineral wool and ash increased the sorption capacity in composts compared to SS_1C. Due to the content of available P and Mg, the discussed composts formed the SS_1C>SSF_2C and SSF_3C>SSW_4C and SSW_5C series. However, in terms of available K content: SSF_2C and SSF_3C>SSW_4C and SSW_5C>SS_1C. In the SS_1C compost the organic carbon (TOC) content was slightly higher, but no statistically significant effect of the addition of fly ash and mineral wool on the TOC content in mature composts was confirmed. The addition of ash and mineral wool significantly increased the total nitrogen content. Due to the humification index, the composts formed the series: SSW_4C > SSW_5C > SSF_2C > SS_1C > SSF_3C. The values of the C-KH/C-KF ratio in SS_1C were typical for good quality soils, while in the remaining composts the C-KH/C-KF values were slightly lower. The degree of humification of the assessed composts was characterized by poorly humified organic materials, with the highest values of this indicator found in composts with the addition of mineral wool. The assessed quality indicators of organic matter indicate that the organic matter of composts from sewage sludge with the addition of mineral wool and 100% sludge was of the highest quality.
{"title":"Properties of Organic Matter in Composts Based on Sewage Sludge","authors":"Magdalena Myszura-Dymek","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187964","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to assess the quality of organic matter contained in sewage sludge composting products and their co-composting with fly ash and mineral wool. The object of the research were composts produced using stabilized sewage sludge from the municipal sewage treatment plant (SS_1C) and sewage sludge with the addition of 20% (SSF_2C) and 30% (SSF_3C) of fly ash and 5% (SSW_4C) and 10% (SSW_5C) of mineral wool. Selected physicochemical properties, fractional composition of humic compounds, and the degree and rate of humification were determined in compost samples taken after 180 days of composting. The reaction of the evalu - ated composts was close to optimal for mature composts. Co-composting of sewage sludge with mineral wool and ash increased the sorption capacity in composts compared to SS_1C. Due to the content of available P and Mg, the discussed composts formed the SS_1C>SSF_2C and SSF_3C>SSW_4C and SSW_5C series. However, in terms of available K content: SSF_2C and SSF_3C>SSW_4C and SSW_5C>SS_1C. In the SS_1C compost the organic carbon (TOC) content was slightly higher, but no statistically significant effect of the addition of fly ash and mineral wool on the TOC content in mature composts was confirmed. The addition of ash and mineral wool significantly increased the total nitrogen content. Due to the humification index, the composts formed the series: SSW_4C > SSW_5C > SSF_2C > SS_1C > SSF_3C. The values of the C-KH/C-KF ratio in SS_1C were typical for good quality soils, while in the remaining composts the C-KH/C-KF values were slightly lower. The degree of humification of the assessed composts was characterized by poorly humified organic materials, with the highest values of this indicator found in composts with the addition of mineral wool. The assessed quality indicators of organic matter indicate that the organic matter of composts from sewage sludge with the addition of mineral wool and 100% sludge was of the highest quality.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141691226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188081
Julio Ángeles Suazo, G.Y.R. Aylas, Jose Luis Flores Rojas, Roberto Angeles Vasquez, C. Lavado-Meza, Leonel De la Cruz-Cerron, Nataly Angeles Suazo, H. Karam, Davidson Martins Moreira
The formation of urban heat islands is one of the effects related to urbanization, as it directly affects thermal comfort. There are several methodologies for its estimation, we can highlight the Gaussian (the best known), whose limita - tion focuses on the analysis of Gaussian surfaces. When the surface presents cases of poly-nucleated conglomerates, another type of approach (non-Gaussian) is recommended, such as the Quantile method. Therefore, this work seeks to estimate the intensity of surface urban heat islands (SUHI) in the long term (2001–2016) with both methodologies (Gaussians and Quantiles). Based on satellite data and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorologi - cal simulation, both with a special resolution of 5 km, for the metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte, Manaus and Salvador, located in Brazil. Both methods indicate the formation of intense heat islands in the hottest months in the 3 cities studied, with less monthly variation compared to the surface temperature of the Earth’s surface.
{"title":"Surface Urban Heat Islands in Belo Horizonte, Manaus, Salvador Bahia Using Remote Sensing and the Weather Research and Forecasting Modeling","authors":"Julio Ángeles Suazo, G.Y.R. Aylas, Jose Luis Flores Rojas, Roberto Angeles Vasquez, C. Lavado-Meza, Leonel De la Cruz-Cerron, Nataly Angeles Suazo, H. Karam, Davidson Martins Moreira","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188081","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of urban heat islands is one of the effects related to urbanization, as it directly affects thermal comfort. There are several methodologies for its estimation, we can highlight the Gaussian (the best known), whose limita - tion focuses on the analysis of Gaussian surfaces. When the surface presents cases of poly-nucleated conglomerates, another type of approach (non-Gaussian) is recommended, such as the Quantile method. Therefore, this work seeks to estimate the intensity of surface urban heat islands (SUHI) in the long term (2001–2016) with both methodologies (Gaussians and Quantiles). Based on satellite data and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) meteorologi - cal simulation, both with a special resolution of 5 km, for the metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte, Manaus and Salvador, located in Brazil. Both methods indicate the formation of intense heat islands in the hottest months in the 3 cities studied, with less monthly variation compared to the surface temperature of the Earth’s surface.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188121
Zulakha Rasheed, U. Tshomo
Global plastic pollution is a serious problem. From manufacture to disposal, microplastics appear at every point in the textile life cycle. Numerous case studies demonstrated that wastewater treatment facilities cannot remove the micro-plastics they produce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of microplastics that leaks into the canal and adjacent water bodies from a wastewater treatment facility serving the textile industry in Thailand, as well as to discover the differences between the samples taken upstream and downstream. NOAA protected laboratory inves - tigation based findings indicated that 590–601 microplastics particles per cubic meter (particles/m 3 ) flowed into the canal; however, the upstream sample (344–349) had more particles/m 3 than the downstream sample (246–252). The industry leaked microplastics on average 172 particles/m 3 upstream and 123 particles/m 3 downstream. Our research revealed that the wastewater treatment plant’s ability to capture microplastics particles was insufficient. A reliable mechanism to remove microplastics particles from wastewater treatment is required to protect environment, aquatic life, and water quality without interfering with industrial operations. This research emphasizes the Sustainable Development Goals, Responsible Production and Consumption (Goal 12), and Life below Water (Goal 14).
{"title":"Evaluating Microplastics Removal Efficiency of Textile Industry Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant of Thailand","authors":"Zulakha Rasheed, U. Tshomo","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188121","url":null,"abstract":"Global plastic pollution is a serious problem. From manufacture to disposal, microplastics appear at every point in the textile life cycle. Numerous case studies demonstrated that wastewater treatment facilities cannot remove the micro-plastics they produce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount of microplastics that leaks into the canal and adjacent water bodies from a wastewater treatment facility serving the textile industry in Thailand, as well as to discover the differences between the samples taken upstream and downstream. NOAA protected laboratory inves - tigation based findings indicated that 590–601 microplastics particles per cubic meter (particles/m 3 ) flowed into the canal; however, the upstream sample (344–349) had more particles/m 3 than the downstream sample (246–252). The industry leaked microplastics on average 172 particles/m 3 upstream and 123 particles/m 3 downstream. Our research revealed that the wastewater treatment plant’s ability to capture microplastics particles was insufficient. A reliable mechanism to remove microplastics particles from wastewater treatment is required to protect environment, aquatic life, and water quality without interfering with industrial operations. This research emphasizes the Sustainable Development Goals, Responsible Production and Consumption (Goal 12), and Life below Water (Goal 14).","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188917
Sara N. Ababneh, Mohammad Al-Odat
The aim of this investigation is to assess the feasibility and benefits of integrating a renewable energy system into a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination station in Aqaba, Jordan. It has been determined that the optimal SWRO system configuration produce 109,500.00 m 3 daily fresh-water output with high rejection rates for various contaminants. The total water cost is 0.85 $/m 3 , with a specific energy consumption of 2.67 kWh/m 3 . Furthermore, the economic and environmental assessments of optimum design of the wind-diesel generator-battery. This configuration not only offers the lowest cost of energy but also demonstrates a substantial renewable fraction and sig - nificant reduction in CO 2 emissions. These results underscore the feasibility and benefits of integrating renewable energy into desalination operations, contributing to both economic sustainability and environmental preservation.
{"title":"Optimal Design of a Hybrid Renewable Power System for a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant in Jordan","authors":"Sara N. Ababneh, Mohammad Al-Odat","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188917","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this investigation is to assess the feasibility and benefits of integrating a renewable energy system into a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination station in Aqaba, Jordan. It has been determined that the optimal SWRO system configuration produce 109,500.00 m 3 daily fresh-water output with high rejection rates for various contaminants. The total water cost is 0.85 $/m 3 , with a specific energy consumption of 2.67 kWh/m 3 . Furthermore, the economic and environmental assessments of optimum design of the wind-diesel generator-battery. This configuration not only offers the lowest cost of energy but also demonstrates a substantial renewable fraction and sig - nificant reduction in CO 2 emissions. These results underscore the feasibility and benefits of integrating renewable energy into desalination operations, contributing to both economic sustainability and environmental preservation.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188333
S. Urokov, Makhliyo Usmanova, Djurakul Xadjayev, Zukhra Jurayeva, Alisher Khujanov, Maftuna Raimkulova
Over the past 50 years, salinity and drought coverage have increased dramatically. The effect of salinity and drought is manifested as a stress factor in the development of agricultural crops. As a result, there is an increasing need for research aimed at evaluating the impact of extreme factors on the development of agricultural crops, including cereals and forage crops, and increasing their productivity in saline and arid regions. Triticale - Triticosecale is a hybrid of wheat ( Triticum L) and rye ( Secale L). It is of great importance as food for humans and fodder for livestock. This research is one of the first researches of this type, aimed at determining the germination of seeds in different cultivars of Triticale under salinity and drought conditions. Although information on the effect of temperature on the growth of the seeds of this plant is recorded in scientific sources, the lack of information on the diversity of the indicators of seed germination in Triticale cultivars under the influence of various stress factors indicates that in-depth research has not been conducted in this regard. According to the results of the research carried out in laboratory conditions, salinity and drought have a direct effect on the germination parameters of the seeds of different cultivars of Triticale. As salinity and drought levels increase, seed germination rates decrease. The data presented in the article serve to explain the difference in the germination indicators of the seeds of different cultivars of Triticale under salinity and drought, and to choose the right approach for growing this crop in saline and arid regions.
{"title":"Effects of Salinity and Drought of Germination Parameters of Seeds of Triticosecale","authors":"S. Urokov, Makhliyo Usmanova, Djurakul Xadjayev, Zukhra Jurayeva, Alisher Khujanov, Maftuna Raimkulova","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188333","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 50 years, salinity and drought coverage have increased dramatically. The effect of salinity and drought is manifested as a stress factor in the development of agricultural crops. As a result, there is an increasing need for research aimed at evaluating the impact of extreme factors on the development of agricultural crops, including cereals and forage crops, and increasing their productivity in saline and arid regions. Triticale - Triticosecale is a hybrid of wheat ( Triticum L) and rye ( Secale L). It is of great importance as food for humans and fodder for livestock. This research is one of the first researches of this type, aimed at determining the germination of seeds in different cultivars of Triticale under salinity and drought conditions. Although information on the effect of temperature on the growth of the seeds of this plant is recorded in scientific sources, the lack of information on the diversity of the indicators of seed germination in Triticale cultivars under the influence of various stress factors indicates that in-depth research has not been conducted in this regard. According to the results of the research carried out in laboratory conditions, salinity and drought have a direct effect on the germination parameters of the seeds of different cultivars of Triticale. As salinity and drought levels increase, seed germination rates decrease. The data presented in the article serve to explain the difference in the germination indicators of the seeds of different cultivars of Triticale under salinity and drought, and to choose the right approach for growing this crop in saline and arid regions.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187956
Faiçal El Khazanti, Ahmed Rachid, M. El Ouahabi, Hicham Nasri, Dounia Azerkane, Yassine Et-tayea, E. Gharibi
High iron ore production generates substantial solid waste. Storing this waste in dams poses environmental issues and safety risks for the population. The aim of this study was to valorize sterile waste (IOT) from an inactive iron mine in the Nador region of northeastern Morocco, as an additive in the manufacture of fired bricks made from a red clay (AJH) extracted from the Oujda region. For this purpose, brick specimens were obtained using a mix of a 40% of AJH and 60% of IOT. Physico-chemical, geotechnical and mineralogical characterization techniques were applied to qualify raw material. IOT consisted of hematite, magnetite, pyrite, jarosite and quartz and AJH of kaolinite, chlorite, calcite, hematite, dolomite, quartz and vermiculite. After firing the specimens at 500 °C, 850 °C and 1100 °C, mineralogical composition, bulk density, compressive strength and microstructure behavior of the specimens was assessed. The compressive strength of the bricks containing IOT is 1.25 MPa at T = 500 °C and it varies little at 1100 °C. The compressive strength of the reference sample is 2.94 MPa at 1100 °C. The material has low vitrification and greater porosity compared to the reference bricks. Adding IOT brings significant changes to the color of fired bricks.
铁矿石的大量生产会产生大量固体废物。将这些废物储存在大坝中会带来环境问题，并对居民造成安全风险。这项研究的目的是将摩洛哥东北部纳祖尔地区一个闲置铁矿的无菌废物（IOT）作为一种添加剂，用于制造用乌季达地区开采的红粘土（AJH）烧制的砖块。为此，使用 40% 的 AJH 和 60% 的 IOT 混合物制作了砖块试样。对原材料进行了物理化学、岩土工程和矿物学特征描述。IOT 由赤铁矿、磁铁矿、黄铁矿、绿泥石和石英组成，AJH 由高岭石、绿泥石、方解石、赤铁矿、白云石、石英和蛭石组成。在 500 ℃、850 ℃ 和 1100 ℃ 下焙烧试样后，对试样的矿物成分、体积密度、抗压强度和微观结构行为进行了评估。含有 IOT 的砖块在 T = 500 °C 时的抗压强度为 1.25 兆帕，在 1100 °C 时变化不大。参照样品在 1100 °C 时的抗压强度为 2.94 兆帕。与参考砖相比，该材料的玻璃化程度低，孔隙率大。添加 IOT 会使烧结砖的颜色发生明显变化。
{"title":"Valorization of Iron Ore Tailings from Nador, Morocco, as a Sustainable Additive in the Manufacture of Red Clay Fired Bricks","authors":"Faiçal El Khazanti, Ahmed Rachid, M. El Ouahabi, Hicham Nasri, Dounia Azerkane, Yassine Et-tayea, E. Gharibi","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187956","url":null,"abstract":"High iron ore production generates substantial solid waste. Storing this waste in dams poses environmental issues and safety risks for the population. The aim of this study was to valorize sterile waste (IOT) from an inactive iron mine in the Nador region of northeastern Morocco, as an additive in the manufacture of fired bricks made from a red clay (AJH) extracted from the Oujda region. For this purpose, brick specimens were obtained using a mix of a 40% of AJH and 60% of IOT. Physico-chemical, geotechnical and mineralogical characterization techniques were applied to qualify raw material. IOT consisted of hematite, magnetite, pyrite, jarosite and quartz and AJH of kaolinite, chlorite, calcite, hematite, dolomite, quartz and vermiculite. After firing the specimens at 500 °C, 850 °C and 1100 °C, mineralogical composition, bulk density, compressive strength and microstructure behavior of the specimens was assessed. The compressive strength of the bricks containing IOT is 1.25 MPa at T = 500 °C and it varies little at 1100 °C. The compressive strength of the reference sample is 2.94 MPa at 1100 °C. The material has low vitrification and greater porosity compared to the reference bricks. Adding IOT brings significant changes to the color of fired bricks.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188334
Fatiha Hakimi, Ayman Sebbar, Rachid Bouamri, Abdel Aziz Hassane Sidikou, Mustapha El Janati, Ahmed Bouaziz
Date palm cultivation in regions such as the Middle East and north Africa plays a crucial role in food security, economic development, and environmental preservation. However, the sustainability of date palm farming is threatened by challenges such as soil degradation and nutrient depletion. To address these issues, organic farming practices, particularly the use of compost and compost tea, offer promising solutions. This study assessed the impact of these organic inputs on soil fertility and nutrient uptake in the “Mejhoul” date palm variety. A field experiment was carried out during two successive seasons of 2022 and 2023 in a pilot field in south-eastern Morocco using a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments: To: farmer’s practice (50 kg of compost/tree), T1: To + compost tea at 15 liter/tree/week from April to October; T2: To + compost at 50kg/tree and T3: To + combination of 50 kg/tree of compost and tea compost 15L/tree/week from April to October. Results showed that compost tea (T1) and compost (T2) treatments significantly influenced soil macronutrient and micronutrient levels, as well as chemical properties such as organic matter, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, and pH. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant relationships among soil properties, with principal component analysis confirming the variability explained by the main plane. Leaf nutrient content analysis demonstrated sea - sonal variations and treatment effects on phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen, copper, manganese, zinc, and iron levels. Correlation analysis of leaf nutrient content highlighted complex interactions between nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, reflecting their importance in palm leaf physiology. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the benefits of organic inputs in date palm farming, supporting sustainable agricul - tural practices for long-term viability and environmental protection.
{"title":"Effects of Compost and Compost Tea on Soil Properties and Nutrient Uptake of the Moroccan Date Palm Cultivar \"Mejhoul\" under Organic Cultivation","authors":"Fatiha Hakimi, Ayman Sebbar, Rachid Bouamri, Abdel Aziz Hassane Sidikou, Mustapha El Janati, Ahmed Bouaziz","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188334","url":null,"abstract":"Date palm cultivation in regions such as the Middle East and north Africa plays a crucial role in food security, economic development, and environmental preservation. However, the sustainability of date palm farming is threatened by challenges such as soil degradation and nutrient depletion. To address these issues, organic farming practices, particularly the use of compost and compost tea, offer promising solutions. This study assessed the impact of these organic inputs on soil fertility and nutrient uptake in the “Mejhoul” date palm variety. A field experiment was carried out during two successive seasons of 2022 and 2023 in a pilot field in south-eastern Morocco using a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments: To: farmer’s practice (50 kg of compost/tree), T1: To + compost tea at 15 liter/tree/week from April to October; T2: To + compost at 50kg/tree and T3: To + combination of 50 kg/tree of compost and tea compost 15L/tree/week from April to October. Results showed that compost tea (T1) and compost (T2) treatments significantly influenced soil macronutrient and micronutrient levels, as well as chemical properties such as organic matter, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, and pH. Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant relationships among soil properties, with principal component analysis confirming the variability explained by the main plane. Leaf nutrient content analysis demonstrated sea - sonal variations and treatment effects on phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen, copper, manganese, zinc, and iron levels. Correlation analysis of leaf nutrient content highlighted complex interactions between nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, reflecting their importance in palm leaf physiology. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into the benefits of organic inputs in date palm farming, supporting sustainable agricul - tural practices for long-term viability and environmental protection.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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