Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173065
Meruyert Kurmanbayeva, Zhaksylyk Makhatov, Adil Kusmangazinov, D. Karabalayeva, N. Yerezhepova
The use of wheat straw as a cellulose containing raw material for the production of sugars and other biologically valuable products can solve the problem of food products shortages, by supplying oligosaccharides, xylose and other valuable metabolites of microbial synthesis. In our experiment, straw of annual spring wheat of the Tulkibas variety and perennial wheat of the Sova variety was added to the enzyme solutions of Trichoderma harzianum 121 and Aspergillus awamori F-RKM 0719 strains. As a result, the variant A. awamori F-RKM 0719 + Sova straw showed the highest level of nitrogen (1.05%) and protein (6.5%). The highest concentration of amino acids, 7.14 mg/ml, was found in the perennial wheat sample, while the lowest concentration, 1.32 mg/ml, in the annual wheat sample. The total carbohydrate content in the straw of the annual and perennial wheat varieties differed, namely, the perennial wheat straw with the addition of A. awamori F-RKM 0719, contained fructose in the amount of 0.0079 mg/g, while in the annual wheat it was absent. The glucose content in the perennial wheat straw was three times higher than in the annual wheat straw, 0.0144 and 0.0035 mg/g, respectively. Based on our results, we recommend wheat straw for the use as a raw material for chemical and microbiological processing.
{"title":"Protein, Amino Acid and Carbohydrate Content of Fungal Treated Annual and Perennial Wheat Straw","authors":"Meruyert Kurmanbayeva, Zhaksylyk Makhatov, Adil Kusmangazinov, D. Karabalayeva, N. Yerezhepova","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173065","url":null,"abstract":"The use of wheat straw as a cellulose containing raw material for the production of sugars and other biologically valuable products can solve the problem of food products shortages, by supplying oligosaccharides, xylose and other valuable metabolites of microbial synthesis. In our experiment, straw of annual spring wheat of the Tulkibas variety and perennial wheat of the Sova variety was added to the enzyme solutions of Trichoderma harzianum 121 and Aspergillus awamori F-RKM 0719 strains. As a result, the variant A. awamori F-RKM 0719 + Sova straw showed the highest level of nitrogen (1.05%) and protein (6.5%). The highest concentration of amino acids, 7.14 mg/ml, was found in the perennial wheat sample, while the lowest concentration, 1.32 mg/ml, in the annual wheat sample. The total carbohydrate content in the straw of the annual and perennial wheat varieties differed, namely, the perennial wheat straw with the addition of A. awamori F-RKM 0719, contained fructose in the amount of 0.0079 mg/g, while in the annual wheat it was absent. The glucose content in the perennial wheat straw was three times higher than in the annual wheat straw, 0.0144 and 0.0035 mg/g, respectively. Based on our results, we recommend wheat straw for the use as a raw material for chemical and microbiological processing.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/174092
Andrii Pylypchenko, M. Marenych, V. Hanhur, A. Semenov, I. Korotkova, A. Rozhkov, L. Karpuk, Oksana Laslo, Lubov Marinich, Serhii Ponomarenko
Research into the correlations among components of soil biota is of significant importance for effective manage - ment of agroecosystems in organic agricultural production. Organic cultivation technologies contribute to in - creased nitrogen and phosphorus content in the soil, while reducing levels of P 2 O 5 and K 2 O compared to inorganic methods. The influence of organic residue decomposers on macroelement composition in the soil has been exam - ined, revealing a minimal impact on their levels. Organic technologies promote an augmentation of microorgan - isms, although there is a potential risk of heightened disease pathogens. It has been observed that under organic cultivation conditions, there is more intense tissue degradation, potentially attributed to higher microorganism activity. Transitional cultivation methods yield lower rates of degradation in comparison to organic techniques. The impact of organic technologies on the quantity of earthworms, nematodes, and springtails in the soil has been investigated. Organic practices have shown to increase their population, creating a favorable environment for soil biological indicators. Particular attention is given to correlation relationships between microorganisms responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and the fungal component. High correlation values (r = 0.72–0.89) un - derscore the significance of comprehending these associations when employing organic cultivation methods. The study of correlations among soil biota components in organic production presents a promising task for the effective utilization of resources and the assurance of sustainable agroecosystem development.
{"title":"Impact of Organic Cultivation Technology of Fiber Hemp (Cannabis Sativa L) on Soil Agrochemical and Bioecological Properties","authors":"Andrii Pylypchenko, M. Marenych, V. Hanhur, A. Semenov, I. Korotkova, A. Rozhkov, L. Karpuk, Oksana Laslo, Lubov Marinich, Serhii Ponomarenko","doi":"10.12911/22998993/174092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/174092","url":null,"abstract":"Research into the correlations among components of soil biota is of significant importance for effective manage - ment of agroecosystems in organic agricultural production. Organic cultivation technologies contribute to in - creased nitrogen and phosphorus content in the soil, while reducing levels of P 2 O 5 and K 2 O compared to inorganic methods. The influence of organic residue decomposers on macroelement composition in the soil has been exam - ined, revealing a minimal impact on their levels. Organic technologies promote an augmentation of microorgan - isms, although there is a potential risk of heightened disease pathogens. It has been observed that under organic cultivation conditions, there is more intense tissue degradation, potentially attributed to higher microorganism activity. Transitional cultivation methods yield lower rates of degradation in comparison to organic techniques. The impact of organic technologies on the quantity of earthworms, nematodes, and springtails in the soil has been investigated. Organic practices have shown to increase their population, creating a favorable environment for soil biological indicators. Particular attention is given to correlation relationships between microorganisms responsible for nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation and the fungal component. High correlation values (r = 0.72–0.89) un - derscore the significance of comprehending these associations when employing organic cultivation methods. The study of correlations among soil biota components in organic production presents a promising task for the effective utilization of resources and the assurance of sustainable agroecosystem development.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"24 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138621925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173579
Ameera Mohamad Awad, H. Ibrahim, A. Al-Aboodi
This study employed a laboratory-scale continuous upflow bio-contact oxidation reactor to treat 50 L/day of mu - nicipal wastewater in Al Rumaitha City, located north of Al Muthanaa Province in Iraq. The reactor configuration consisted of two anoxic-aerobic reactors nested inside each other, with a 1:3 volume ratio of anoxic to aerobic zones. Both the anoxic and aerobic reactors were loaded with K1 bio-media, filling them to 50% capacity for fixing and preserving the biomass. The reactors were operated in a mode that achieved full nitrification-denitrification without any sludge return, relying solely on internal recycling from the aerobic to the anoxic reactor. After biofilm formation on the carriers, three distinct hydraulic retention times (HRTs) were investigated – ranging from 24 to 12 hours – to evaluate their impact on removing biological nutrients from municipal sewage. In this operational approach, the preferred internal recycle ratio and gas/water ratio for effective nitrogen removal were a complete feed rate recycle of 100% and a ratio of 1:5, respectively. The experiment results highlighted that a 24-hour hydraulic retention time was most suitable for the simultaneous removal of organic carbon (COD) and nutrients. During this period, average removal efficiencies were found to be 93.51% for COD, 94.50% for ammonium (NH 4+ ), 60.98% for total nitrogen (TN), and 67.57% for total phosphorus (TP). Furthermore, the aerobic bio-contact oxidation reactors maintained an average dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 4.89 mg/L. In contrast, the anoxic bio-contact oxidation reactors exhibited a lower average DO concentration of 0.38 mg/L.
{"title":"Performance of Compact Bio-Contact Oxidation Reactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Under Different Hydraulic Retention Time","authors":"Ameera Mohamad Awad, H. Ibrahim, A. Al-Aboodi","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173579","url":null,"abstract":"This study employed a laboratory-scale continuous upflow bio-contact oxidation reactor to treat 50 L/day of mu - nicipal wastewater in Al Rumaitha City, located north of Al Muthanaa Province in Iraq. The reactor configuration consisted of two anoxic-aerobic reactors nested inside each other, with a 1:3 volume ratio of anoxic to aerobic zones. Both the anoxic and aerobic reactors were loaded with K1 bio-media, filling them to 50% capacity for fixing and preserving the biomass. The reactors were operated in a mode that achieved full nitrification-denitrification without any sludge return, relying solely on internal recycling from the aerobic to the anoxic reactor. After biofilm formation on the carriers, three distinct hydraulic retention times (HRTs) were investigated – ranging from 24 to 12 hours – to evaluate their impact on removing biological nutrients from municipal sewage. In this operational approach, the preferred internal recycle ratio and gas/water ratio for effective nitrogen removal were a complete feed rate recycle of 100% and a ratio of 1:5, respectively. The experiment results highlighted that a 24-hour hydraulic retention time was most suitable for the simultaneous removal of organic carbon (COD) and nutrients. During this period, average removal efficiencies were found to be 93.51% for COD, 94.50% for ammonium (NH 4+ ), 60.98% for total nitrogen (TN), and 67.57% for total phosphorus (TP). Furthermore, the aerobic bio-contact oxidation reactors maintained an average dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 4.89 mg/L. In contrast, the anoxic bio-contact oxidation reactors exhibited a lower average DO concentration of 0.38 mg/L.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/172353
A. Isdianto, Andi Kurniawan, Agus Dwi Wicaksono, Muhammad Zaidan Taufik, Berlania Mahardika Putri, Aulia Lanudia Fathah, A. Setyanto, O. M. Luthfi, Dwi Candra Pratiwi, N. Harahab
Due to the sensitivity of invertebrates to environmental changes, their presence can serve as an indicator of coral reef health and water quality. This study seeks to ascertain the abundance of invertebrates, the structure of the invertebrate community, and their relationship with coral cover and water quality parameters in the waters of Sempu Strait. The belt transect method and the underwater photo transect (UPT) are used to determine the abundance of invertebrates and coral cover, respectively. Temperature, pH, DO, salinity, and water clarity are measured for water quality. According to the study’s findings, seven of the nine invertebrate species were found. Between October 2021 and May 2022, seven of nine invertebrate biota categories, 733 species, and 606 species dominated by Diadema sea urchins were observed every two months. The invertebrate abundance ranged from 0.024 to 0.512. A low and imbalanced invertebrate diversity ranges from 0.078 to 0.493 (H’ < 1). The range of the equality index (E < 0.4) is between 0.04 and 0.22, indicating a low community index. There are three levels of dominance index values: low, medium, and high. Due to their abundance, Diadema sea urchins dominate the Sempu Strait, particularly near the Jetty Station with its port activity. Coverage of coral reefs varies between 6% and 21.3%, indicating low and damaged corals. The correlation between coral cover and invertebrate abundance is moderate in Banyu Tawar and Rumah Apung (0.480 to 0.490), whereas it is weak in Waru-Waru, Watu Meja, and Jetty (-0.037–0.225). The abundance of invertebrates has a weak link with values ranging from -0.037 to -0.283 for water clarity, temperature, salinity, DO, and pH, but it has a strong correlation with a value of 0.610 for current velocity. The environment, including human activities and water quality, has a significant impact on macroinvertebrate communities. Environmentally tolerant mac - roinvertebrates will outcompete the vulnerable ones
{"title":"Assessment of Community Structure of Macroinvertebrates, Coral Cover and Water Quality in Sempu Strait, Malang Regency, East Java","authors":"A. Isdianto, Andi Kurniawan, Agus Dwi Wicaksono, Muhammad Zaidan Taufik, Berlania Mahardika Putri, Aulia Lanudia Fathah, A. Setyanto, O. M. Luthfi, Dwi Candra Pratiwi, N. Harahab","doi":"10.12911/22998993/172353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172353","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the sensitivity of invertebrates to environmental changes, their presence can serve as an indicator of coral reef health and water quality. This study seeks to ascertain the abundance of invertebrates, the structure of the invertebrate community, and their relationship with coral cover and water quality parameters in the waters of Sempu Strait. The belt transect method and the underwater photo transect (UPT) are used to determine the abundance of invertebrates and coral cover, respectively. Temperature, pH, DO, salinity, and water clarity are measured for water quality. According to the study’s findings, seven of the nine invertebrate species were found. Between October 2021 and May 2022, seven of nine invertebrate biota categories, 733 species, and 606 species dominated by Diadema sea urchins were observed every two months. The invertebrate abundance ranged from 0.024 to 0.512. A low and imbalanced invertebrate diversity ranges from 0.078 to 0.493 (H’ < 1). The range of the equality index (E < 0.4) is between 0.04 and 0.22, indicating a low community index. There are three levels of dominance index values: low, medium, and high. Due to their abundance, Diadema sea urchins dominate the Sempu Strait, particularly near the Jetty Station with its port activity. Coverage of coral reefs varies between 6% and 21.3%, indicating low and damaged corals. The correlation between coral cover and invertebrate abundance is moderate in Banyu Tawar and Rumah Apung (0.480 to 0.490), whereas it is weak in Waru-Waru, Watu Meja, and Jetty (-0.037–0.225). The abundance of invertebrates has a weak link with values ranging from -0.037 to -0.283 for water clarity, temperature, salinity, DO, and pH, but it has a strong correlation with a value of 0.610 for current velocity. The environment, including human activities and water quality, has a significant impact on macroinvertebrate communities. Environmentally tolerant mac - roinvertebrates will outcompete the vulnerable ones","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"22 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/172088
Sarah Azzouz, Boukhalfa Chahrazed
{"title":"Characterization of Chromium (VI) Interaction with Rivers Sediments-in Relation to the Composition","authors":"Sarah Azzouz, Boukhalfa Chahrazed","doi":"10.12911/22998993/172088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"73 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173006
Nadiia Lys, Nadiіa Tkachuk, A. Butenko, M. Kozak, Anton Polyvanyi, Vitalii Kovalenko, Viktoriia Pylypenko, Serhii Andrukh, Yevheniia Livoshchenko, Ludmila Livoshchenko
After conducting research on energy Populus plants, it was discovered that biometric indicators and productivity were affected by both sowing density and nutritional background. The results showed that the tallest en - ergy Populus shoots were observed in the group with a sowing density of 5600 pieces/ha, reaching heights of 11.1–11.6 m. The diameter of the central shoot in this variant was between 157 and 163 mm. The number of shoots was 1.8–2.5 pcs. on 1 plant and 21600–30000 pcs. on 1 hectare. The variant with a sowing density of 6700 units/ ha yielded the most energy Populus biomass, specifically 178.3 tons of green mass and 100.9 tons of dry mass per hectare. Compared to the variant with a sowing density of 8300 units/ha, this represented an increase of 19.9 and 11.3 t/ha respectively, and an increase of 18.0 and 10.4 t/ha respectively, when compared to the variant with a sowing density of 5600 units/ha. The utilization of mineral fertilizers was shown to notably enhance productivity, as evidenced by an increase in green mass of 21.1–37.1 t/ha and an increase in dry mass of 11.2–20.6 t/ha across all trial variations. In the Precarpathian region, where sod podzolized soils are prevalent, the optimal sowing density of energy Populus biofuel was determined to be 6700 pcs./ha, with a yield of 110.990 kg/ha achieved through the application of mineral fertilizers. This approach generated an energy output of 1775.8 GJ/ha. In the case of a sowing density of 8300 units/ha and the use of mineral fertilizers, the energy output produced was 1576.9 GJ/ha, whereas sowing density of 5600 units/ha resulted in an energy output of 1591.0 GJ/ha. The introduction of mineral fertilizers led to an increase in energy output ranging from 12.3 to 22.6 GJ/ha for all experimental variants.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficiency of Energy Populus (Poplar) Growing Technology as an Alternative Source of Energy","authors":"Nadiia Lys, Nadiіa Tkachuk, A. Butenko, M. Kozak, Anton Polyvanyi, Vitalii Kovalenko, Viktoriia Pylypenko, Serhii Andrukh, Yevheniia Livoshchenko, Ludmila Livoshchenko","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173006","url":null,"abstract":"After conducting research on energy Populus plants, it was discovered that biometric indicators and productivity were affected by both sowing density and nutritional background. The results showed that the tallest en - ergy Populus shoots were observed in the group with a sowing density of 5600 pieces/ha, reaching heights of 11.1–11.6 m. The diameter of the central shoot in this variant was between 157 and 163 mm. The number of shoots was 1.8–2.5 pcs. on 1 plant and 21600–30000 pcs. on 1 hectare. The variant with a sowing density of 6700 units/ ha yielded the most energy Populus biomass, specifically 178.3 tons of green mass and 100.9 tons of dry mass per hectare. Compared to the variant with a sowing density of 8300 units/ha, this represented an increase of 19.9 and 11.3 t/ha respectively, and an increase of 18.0 and 10.4 t/ha respectively, when compared to the variant with a sowing density of 5600 units/ha. The utilization of mineral fertilizers was shown to notably enhance productivity, as evidenced by an increase in green mass of 21.1–37.1 t/ha and an increase in dry mass of 11.2–20.6 t/ha across all trial variations. In the Precarpathian region, where sod podzolized soils are prevalent, the optimal sowing density of energy Populus biofuel was determined to be 6700 pcs./ha, with a yield of 110.990 kg/ha achieved through the application of mineral fertilizers. This approach generated an energy output of 1775.8 GJ/ha. In the case of a sowing density of 8300 units/ha and the use of mineral fertilizers, the energy output produced was 1576.9 GJ/ha, whereas sowing density of 5600 units/ha resulted in an energy output of 1591.0 GJ/ha. The introduction of mineral fertilizers led to an increase in energy output ranging from 12.3 to 22.6 GJ/ha for all experimental variants.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138609725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/171805
Edi Rusdiyanto, A. Munawir, Nurhasanah Nurhasanah, I. R. Fathar, J. C. Mierzwa
This study aims analyze the physical-chemical quality of domestic wastewater in hotel areas and analyze the biological quality of domestic wastewater which includes total coliform bacteria in hotel areas. The research data was obtained by conducting observation and laboratory analysis with the assessment of several standardized thresholds for environmental quality standards Regulation No. P.68 of 2016 and PP No. 22 of 2021. The results of the total coliform parameter after the application of ozonation, the results are obtained with a value of 2900 Most Probable Number/100 milliliters which is still below the maximum allowable threshold value; total suspended solid parameter test, obtained results with a value of 5 miligram/liter or under limit 30–400 miligram/liter which is the maximum allowable value limit. The oil/fat parameter obtained a value of <2 miligram/liter while the quality standard value was 5 miligram/liter; the ammonia parameter yielded 0.58 miligram/liter, while the maximum allowable limit was 10 miligram/liter; the biochemical oxygen demand parameter yielded <2 miligram/liter, while the maximum allowable limit was 12–30 miligram/liter; the chemical oxygen demand parameter yielded <4 mili-gram/liter, and the maximum allowed limit was 80–100 miligram/liter. The use of ozone can be an option in the process of recycling domestic wastewater in a sustainable manner proven to reduce levels of waste, viruses and its main pathogens total suspended solid
本研究旨在分析酒店区生活废水的理化质量，并分析酒店区生活废水的生物质量，其中包括总大肠菌群。研究数据是通过进行观察和实验室分析，并评估若干环境质量标准的标准化阈值而获得的。2016年P.68和2021年PP . 22。应用臭氧化处理后的总大肠菌群参数结果，结果为2900 Most Probable Number/100毫升，仍低于最大允许阈值;总悬浮固体参数试验，得到的结果值为5毫克/升或在最大允许值限值30-400毫克/升以下。油脂参数值<2毫克/升，而质量标准值为5毫克/升;氨参数为0.58毫克/升，最大允许限量为10毫克/升;生化需氧量参数为<2毫克/升，最大允许限量为12 ~ 30毫克/升;化学需氧量参数<4毫克/升，最大允许限量为80-100毫克/升。在以可持续方式回收生活废水的过程中，臭氧的使用可作为一种选择，经证明可减少废物、病毒及其主要病原体的总悬浮固体含量
{"title":"Ozone Method Recycling Domestic Waste To Prevent Waste Water Pollution","authors":"Edi Rusdiyanto, A. Munawir, Nurhasanah Nurhasanah, I. R. Fathar, J. C. Mierzwa","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171805","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims analyze the physical-chemical quality of domestic wastewater in hotel areas and analyze the biological quality of domestic wastewater which includes total coliform bacteria in hotel areas. The research data was obtained by conducting observation and laboratory analysis with the assessment of several standardized thresholds for environmental quality standards Regulation No. P.68 of 2016 and PP No. 22 of 2021. The results of the total coliform parameter after the application of ozonation, the results are obtained with a value of 2900 Most Probable Number/100 milliliters which is still below the maximum allowable threshold value; total suspended solid parameter test, obtained results with a value of 5 miligram/liter or under limit 30–400 miligram/liter which is the maximum allowable value limit. The oil/fat parameter obtained a value of <2 miligram/liter while the quality standard value was 5 miligram/liter; the ammonia parameter yielded 0.58 miligram/liter, while the maximum allowable limit was 10 miligram/liter; the biochemical oxygen demand parameter yielded <2 miligram/liter, while the maximum allowable limit was 12–30 miligram/liter; the chemical oxygen demand parameter yielded <4 mili-gram/liter, and the maximum allowed limit was 80–100 miligram/liter. The use of ozone can be an option in the process of recycling domestic wastewater in a sustainable manner proven to reduce levels of waste, viruses and its main pathogens total suspended solid","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138613469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173396
F. Fathurrahman, Siti Zahrah, E. Ernita, H. Heriyanto, Imam Mahadi
The increase of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been identified since the industrial revolution era. Albizia saman is a tree species which can absorb excess CO 2 from the atmosphere in large quantities. This study was to identify the effect of spraying time and concentration of paclobutrazol on the growth of A. saman seedlings. This research using a completely randomized design, the first factor is spraying time which is divided into three levels: spraying at age of 25, 50 and 75 days. The second one is the concentration of paclobutrazol, consisting of four levels: control, 75, 150 and 225 mol·L -1 . The further test used are DMRT at p<0.05. Paclobutrazol influences the higher rate of pho - tosynthesis, namely 38.27 M CO 2 m -2 s -1 . There are varied stomatal conductance values, where the highest value is 0.35 mM m -2 s -1 and the lowest carbon dioxide content in treatment is 56.86 mol·L -1 . The slowest transpiration rate is the combination of 50 days after treatment, and the concentration of paclobutrazol is 0.24 mM H 2 O m -2 s -1 . The shortest growth of A. saman is shown from the 50-day treatment using paclobutrazol and 150 mol·L -1 concentration. The relationship between photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance and transpiration concludes that the trend is similar to that of the curve, whereas the trend is not the same as the internal CO 2 .
自工业革命时代以来，二氧化碳(CO 2)的增加已被确定。合欢树是一种能够大量吸收大气中过量二氧化碳的树种。本试验旨在研究多效唑喷施时间和浓度对沙曼幼苗生长的影响。本研究采用完全随机设计，第一个因素是喷施时间，将喷施时间分为三个水平:25天、50天和75天。二是多效唑浓度，由对照、75、150、225 mol·L -1四个水平组成。进一步采用DMRT检验，p<0.05。多效唑影响较高的光合速率，即38.27 M CO 2 M -2 s -1。气孔导度值变化较大，最高为0.35 mM m -2 s -1, co2含量最低为56.86 mol·L -1。蒸腾速率最慢的是处理后50天的组合，多效唑浓度为0.24 mM H 2 O m -2 s -1。以150 mol·L -1浓度的多效唑处理50 d时，沙蔓生长最短。光合速率与气孔导度和蒸腾的关系与曲线的变化趋势相似，但与内部co2变化趋势不同。
{"title":"The Effects of the Growth Regulator Paclobutrazol on Physiological Characteristics of Rain Tree (Albizia saman Jacq. Merr.)","authors":"F. Fathurrahman, Siti Zahrah, E. Ernita, H. Heriyanto, Imam Mahadi","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173396","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been identified since the industrial revolution era. Albizia saman is a tree species which can absorb excess CO 2 from the atmosphere in large quantities. This study was to identify the effect of spraying time and concentration of paclobutrazol on the growth of A. saman seedlings. This research using a completely randomized design, the first factor is spraying time which is divided into three levels: spraying at age of 25, 50 and 75 days. The second one is the concentration of paclobutrazol, consisting of four levels: control, 75, 150 and 225 mol·L -1 . The further test used are DMRT at p<0.05. Paclobutrazol influences the higher rate of pho - tosynthesis, namely 38.27 M CO 2 m -2 s -1 . There are varied stomatal conductance values, where the highest value is 0.35 mM m -2 s -1 and the lowest carbon dioxide content in treatment is 56.86 mol·L -1 . The slowest transpiration rate is the combination of 50 days after treatment, and the concentration of paclobutrazol is 0.24 mM H 2 O m -2 s -1 . The shortest growth of A. saman is shown from the 50-day treatment using paclobutrazol and 150 mol·L -1 concentration. The relationship between photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance and transpiration concludes that the trend is similar to that of the curve, whereas the trend is not the same as the internal CO 2 .","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138614571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173008
Victor Mazur, Olha Alieksieieva, K. Mazur, Oleksii Alieksieiev
For the successful development of the agricultural sector, one of the main tasks during the cultivation of agricultural crops is the rational use of land resources and obtaining the highest possible quality of products with low labor costs. The practical value of the scientific article lies in the improvement of the elements of the technology of growing soybean varieties that differ in groups of maturity. The development of ecological and economic tech - nological parameters made it possible to ensure the seed yield, depending on the maturity groups of high-tech varieties, up to 2.91 t/ha with high production profitability. The object of researchinvolved the processes of growth, development and formation of the soybean seed crop, as well as its quality depending on the developed technological parameters. The subject of research comprised soybean varieties, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation and a growth regulator. It was determined that soybean belongs to the high-protein strategic agricultural crop of Ukraine and the world. Providing the population with protein food is a global problem, because the increase in population significantly exceeds the production of protein products. Soy, which is characterized by a rare chemical composition, plays an important role in solving this problem – its seeds contain 38–42% protein, 18–32% fat, 25–30% carbohydrates, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, many essential amino acids with a significant degree of solubility and nutrition. This feature has a positive effect on the environment and allows obtaining eco - logically clean products. The cultivation of soybeans is of great agrotechnical importance, as it is a good precursor for the cultivation of the vast majority of agricultural crops. However, the determining factor for obtaining a high yield of soybeans is the variety. On the basis of the research results, their economic analysis and with the aim of growing high soybean yields at the level of 2.91 t/ha, the agro-forming of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine recommended sowing the intensive soybean variety Sandra – carrying out pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with the bacterial preparation Rizotorphin in combination with the growth regulator Vermyst. Therefore, the scien - tific work is devoted to researching the yield and nutritional value of soybeans of different varieties depending on the inoculation of seeds with bacterial preparations and treatment with growth regulators, which is relevant as well as of scientific and practical interest in the field of ecologically oriented growing technologies.
{"title":"Ecological and Economic Aspects of the Formation of Highly Productive Soybean Crops","authors":"Victor Mazur, Olha Alieksieieva, K. Mazur, Oleksii Alieksieiev","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173008","url":null,"abstract":"For the successful development of the agricultural sector, one of the main tasks during the cultivation of agricultural crops is the rational use of land resources and obtaining the highest possible quality of products with low labor costs. The practical value of the scientific article lies in the improvement of the elements of the technology of growing soybean varieties that differ in groups of maturity. The development of ecological and economic tech - nological parameters made it possible to ensure the seed yield, depending on the maturity groups of high-tech varieties, up to 2.91 t/ha with high production profitability. The object of researchinvolved the processes of growth, development and formation of the soybean seed crop, as well as its quality depending on the developed technological parameters. The subject of research comprised soybean varieties, pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation and a growth regulator. It was determined that soybean belongs to the high-protein strategic agricultural crop of Ukraine and the world. Providing the population with protein food is a global problem, because the increase in population significantly exceeds the production of protein products. Soy, which is characterized by a rare chemical composition, plays an important role in solving this problem – its seeds contain 38–42% protein, 18–32% fat, 25–30% carbohydrates, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, many essential amino acids with a significant degree of solubility and nutrition. This feature has a positive effect on the environment and allows obtaining eco - logically clean products. The cultivation of soybeans is of great agrotechnical importance, as it is a good precursor for the cultivation of the vast majority of agricultural crops. However, the determining factor for obtaining a high yield of soybeans is the variety. On the basis of the research results, their economic analysis and with the aim of growing high soybean yields at the level of 2.91 t/ha, the agro-forming of the right-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine recommended sowing the intensive soybean variety Sandra – carrying out pre-sowing treatment of soybean seeds with the bacterial preparation Rizotorphin in combination with the growth regulator Vermyst. Therefore, the scien - tific work is devoted to researching the yield and nutritional value of soybeans of different varieties depending on the inoculation of seeds with bacterial preparations and treatment with growth regulators, which is relevant as well as of scientific and practical interest in the field of ecologically oriented growing technologies.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"357 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/172919
H. Nguyen, Tram Bao Truong, Hong-Hue Thi Nguyen, Phong Thanh Tran, Tuyet-Mai Tran-Thuy, L. Q. Nguyen, D. V. Nguyen
Herein, abundant and underutilized rubber seed shell (RSS) was valorized for one-pot production of multifunctional magnetic biochar (MBC) through one-pot FeCl 3 activation. Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 0 crystals were formed in MBC, providing a saturation magnetization of 6.83 emu/g. In addition, the material also had a specific surface area of 378 m 2 /g and a total pore volume of 0.22 cm 3 /g. MBC was subsequently explored for catalytic ozonation of Pon-ceau 4R (P4R). As a result, MBC enhanced P4R ozonation in a broad pH range of 3.0–9.0. At pH 5.8, the pseudo-first-order rate constant of P4R decolorization with MBC improved by 50% compared to that without MBC. Summarily, RSS-derived MBC is a potential catalyst for enhanced ozonation of Ponceau 4R thanks to its low cost, eco-friendliness, relative effectiveness, and magnetic separability.
本研究利用大量未充分利用的橡胶种子壳(RSS)，通过一锅fecl3活化，将其转化为一锅生产多功能磁性生物炭(MBC)。在MBC中形成了fe3o和fe0晶体，饱和磁化强度为6.83 emu/g。此外，该材料的比表面积为378 m2 /g，总孔体积为0.22 cm 3 /g。随后探索了MBC对P4R的催化臭氧化作用。结果表明，在3.0 ~ 9.0的较宽pH范围内，MBC增强了P4R的臭氧化作用。在pH值为5.8时，MBC对P4R脱色的准一级速率常数比不加MBC时提高了50%。综上所述，rss衍生的MBC具有成本低、生态友好、相对有效和磁可分离性等优点，是一种潜在的增强Ponceau 4R臭氧化的催化剂。
{"title":"Catalytic Ozonation of Ponceau 4R Using Multifunctional Magnetic Biochar Prepared from Rubber Seed Shell","authors":"H. Nguyen, Tram Bao Truong, Hong-Hue Thi Nguyen, Phong Thanh Tran, Tuyet-Mai Tran-Thuy, L. Q. Nguyen, D. V. Nguyen","doi":"10.12911/22998993/172919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172919","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, abundant and underutilized rubber seed shell (RSS) was valorized for one-pot production of multifunctional magnetic biochar (MBC) through one-pot FeCl 3 activation. Fe 3 O 4 and Fe 0 crystals were formed in MBC, providing a saturation magnetization of 6.83 emu/g. In addition, the material also had a specific surface area of 378 m 2 /g and a total pore volume of 0.22 cm 3 /g. MBC was subsequently explored for catalytic ozonation of Pon-ceau 4R (P4R). As a result, MBC enhanced P4R ozonation in a broad pH range of 3.0–9.0. At pH 5.8, the pseudo-first-order rate constant of P4R decolorization with MBC improved by 50% compared to that without MBC. Summarily, RSS-derived MBC is a potential catalyst for enhanced ozonation of Ponceau 4R thanks to its low cost, eco-friendliness, relative effectiveness, and magnetic separability.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"121 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138608929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：