Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173007
E. Kusdarini, Putri Rizka Sania, Agus Budianto
Fe and Mn metal ions in acid mine drainage can contaminate water bodies and soil, endangering human health. In this study, the adsorption of Fe and Mn in acid mine drainage was carried out using manganese greensand. This study aimed to obtain 1) the adsorption model of Fe and Mn isotherms using manganese greensand and 2) the surface morphology of manganese greensand before and after the adsorption process. This study used laboratory-scale experimental methods with variable concentrations of Fe (325, 400, 475, 550, 625 mg/L) and Mn (432, 507, 582, 657, 732 mg/L). The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models were used to determine the adsorption capacity of Fe and Mn by manganese greensand. Test for Fe and Mn content using the AAS method and test the surface morphology and content of manganese greensand using SEM-EDX. The results showed that: (1) the Freundlich equation test yielded for Fe: in a constant R 2 of 0.9862, n = 0.6912, KB = 0.2180 mg/g, while the Langmuir equation test yielded in a constant R 2 of 0.8836, b = 0.0051 L/mg, q m = 169.4915 mg/g; the Freundlich equation test yielded for Mn: in a constant R 2 of 0.9923, n = 0.8651, KB = 1.0445 mg/g, while the Langmuir equation test yielded in a constant R 2 of 0.6615, b = 0.0010 L/mg, q m = 500 mg/g; (2) The surface morphology of manganese greensand before contact with acid mine drainage contains needle-shaped particles of uniform size with a hexagonal structure, whereas, after contact with acid mine drainage, the particles are clumped like cotton and form needles with varying sizes.
酸性矿山废水中的铁、锰金属离子会对水体和土壤造成污染，危害人体健康。本研究采用锰绿吸附法对酸性矿山废水中的铁、锰进行了吸附。本研究旨在获得1)锰绿土对Fe和Mn等温线的吸附模型，2)锰绿土吸附前后的表面形貌。本研究采用不同浓度Fe(325、400、475、550、625 mg/L)和Mn(432、507、582、657、732 mg/L)的实验室规模实验方法。采用Freundlich和Langmuir吸附等温线模型测定了锰绿对Fe和Mn的吸附能力。用原子吸收光谱法测定铁和锰含量，用SEM-EDX测定锰绿的表面形貌和含量。结果表明:(1)Freundlich方程法测定铁的R = 0.9862, n = 0.6912, KB = 0.2180 mg/g; Langmuir方程法测定铁的R = 0.8836, b = 0.0051 L/mg, q m = 169.4915 mg/g;Freundlich方程法测定Mn的r2为0.9923,n = 0.8651, KB = 1.0445 mg/g; Langmuir方程法测定Mn的r2为0.6615,b = 0.0010 L/mg, q m = 500 mg/g;(2)锰绿与酸性矿井水接触前的表面形貌包含大小均匀的针状颗粒，呈六角形结构，而与酸性矿井水接触后，颗粒呈棉花状结块，形成大小不一的针状颗粒。
{"title":"Adsorption of Iron and Manganese Ions from Mine Acid Water Using Manganese Green Sand in Batch Process","authors":"E. Kusdarini, Putri Rizka Sania, Agus Budianto","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173007","url":null,"abstract":"Fe and Mn metal ions in acid mine drainage can contaminate water bodies and soil, endangering human health. In this study, the adsorption of Fe and Mn in acid mine drainage was carried out using manganese greensand. This study aimed to obtain 1) the adsorption model of Fe and Mn isotherms using manganese greensand and 2) the surface morphology of manganese greensand before and after the adsorption process. This study used laboratory-scale experimental methods with variable concentrations of Fe (325, 400, 475, 550, 625 mg/L) and Mn (432, 507, 582, 657, 732 mg/L). The Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models were used to determine the adsorption capacity of Fe and Mn by manganese greensand. Test for Fe and Mn content using the AAS method and test the surface morphology and content of manganese greensand using SEM-EDX. The results showed that: (1) the Freundlich equation test yielded for Fe: in a constant R 2 of 0.9862, n = 0.6912, KB = 0.2180 mg/g, while the Langmuir equation test yielded in a constant R 2 of 0.8836, b = 0.0051 L/mg, q m = 169.4915 mg/g; the Freundlich equation test yielded for Mn: in a constant R 2 of 0.9923, n = 0.8651, KB = 1.0445 mg/g, while the Langmuir equation test yielded in a constant R 2 of 0.6615, b = 0.0010 L/mg, q m = 500 mg/g; (2) The surface morphology of manganese greensand before contact with acid mine drainage contains needle-shaped particles of uniform size with a hexagonal structure, whereas, after contact with acid mine drainage, the particles are clumped like cotton and form needles with varying sizes.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173498
R. Fegrouche, Hicham Dahak, Taha El Kamli, Mohammed Oussekour, Saida Zaza, Abdelkrim Ben Salem, Badreddine Benyacoub
Agricultural, industrial, and domestic activities are major contributors to the contamination of natural environ - ments. The aim of this study is to assess the level of sediment contamination by organic pollutants in three Moroc - can lagoons: Moulay Bousselham, Oualidia, and Khnifiss. samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode to detect organophos - phorus, carbamate, urea and its derivatives, and other chemical groups. Gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) was also used to analyze organochlorines. The samples were subjected to dispersive sol - id-phase extraction (dSPE) using QuEChERS before analysis. Fifteen active substances were detected, including organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, ureas, pyrethroids, and others. Three active substances, known for their high toxicity in aquatic environments (carbendazim, malathion, and chlorpyrifos), were identified. The heptachlor molecule (organochlorine family), although banned in Morocco, was still detected in the sediments of the lagoons of Oualidia and Khenifiss. Given the potential harm that these pesticides can cause to living organisms, it is crucial to introduce new crop protection techniques to address this issue.
{"title":"Application of the QuEChERS Method for the Analysis of Contamination by Pesticide Residues in the Sediments of Three Moroccan lagoons","authors":"R. Fegrouche, Hicham Dahak, Taha El Kamli, Mohammed Oussekour, Saida Zaza, Abdelkrim Ben Salem, Badreddine Benyacoub","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173498","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural, industrial, and domestic activities are major contributors to the contamination of natural environ - ments. The aim of this study is to assess the level of sediment contamination by organic pollutants in three Moroc - can lagoons: Moulay Bousselham, Oualidia, and Khnifiss. samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode to detect organophos - phorus, carbamate, urea and its derivatives, and other chemical groups. Gas chromatography (GC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) was also used to analyze organochlorines. The samples were subjected to dispersive sol - id-phase extraction (dSPE) using QuEChERS before analysis. Fifteen active substances were detected, including organochlorines, organophosphates, carbamates, ureas, pyrethroids, and others. Three active substances, known for their high toxicity in aquatic environments (carbendazim, malathion, and chlorpyrifos), were identified. The heptachlor molecule (organochlorine family), although banned in Morocco, was still detected in the sediments of the lagoons of Oualidia and Khenifiss. Given the potential harm that these pesticides can cause to living organisms, it is crucial to introduce new crop protection techniques to address this issue.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"3 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/172505
C. Fen, Yi-Li Zhuang, Yu-Cheng Lee, Yuan Long Lin, Yangting Huang, Shu-An Lee
The potential risks of vapor intrusion (VI) can arise from low bulk soil contaminant concentration existing in shal - low soils beneath a building foundation. To assess VI risks for such a contamination scenario, a comprehensive study was conducted on a factory building located at a trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated site. This study involved the integration of various types of field data, including groundwater, bulk soil, soil gas and indoor air data, along with the utilization of the Vapor Intrusion Screening Level (VISL) calculator. Previously observed high TCE concentrations in soil gas are attributed to accumulation of TCE vapor within the unsaturated soil beneath the building floor, since ground surface is extensively paved at this site. These soil gas data do not directly cor - relate with the magnitudes of bulk soil and/or groundwater TCE concentration with the linear adsorption model. Soil gas TCE concentration exceeding 10 7 μg/m 3 (or bulk soil concentration exceeding 18.9 mg/kg) observed in shallow soils (at a depth of less than 1 m ) may pose health risk to the workers inside the building due to VI, as we have detected TCE vapor concentrations exceeding indoor air screening level several times in the past. This bulk soil TCE concentration, however, falls below soil pollution control standards for TCE, i.e., 60 mg/kg, in Taiwan. As a result, soil remediation is not considered at this site. Soil gas TCE concentrations have reduced to less than 10 6 μg/m 3 after two years of groundwater remediation work at this site. However, we have observed significantly higher soil gas TCE levels at a depth of 0.5 m compared to other depths. This discrepancy raises suspicions that an amount of TCE may still be trapped within the shallow soils that are not reached by groundwater table.
{"title":"Analysis of Field Data for Risk Assessment of Vapor Intrusion at a Trichloroethylene-contaminated Site – A Case Study in Taiwan","authors":"C. Fen, Yi-Li Zhuang, Yu-Cheng Lee, Yuan Long Lin, Yangting Huang, Shu-An Lee","doi":"10.12911/22998993/172505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172505","url":null,"abstract":"The potential risks of vapor intrusion (VI) can arise from low bulk soil contaminant concentration existing in shal - low soils beneath a building foundation. To assess VI risks for such a contamination scenario, a comprehensive study was conducted on a factory building located at a trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated site. This study involved the integration of various types of field data, including groundwater, bulk soil, soil gas and indoor air data, along with the utilization of the Vapor Intrusion Screening Level (VISL) calculator. Previously observed high TCE concentrations in soil gas are attributed to accumulation of TCE vapor within the unsaturated soil beneath the building floor, since ground surface is extensively paved at this site. These soil gas data do not directly cor - relate with the magnitudes of bulk soil and/or groundwater TCE concentration with the linear adsorption model. Soil gas TCE concentration exceeding 10 7 μg/m 3 (or bulk soil concentration exceeding 18.9 mg/kg) observed in shallow soils (at a depth of less than 1 m ) may pose health risk to the workers inside the building due to VI, as we have detected TCE vapor concentrations exceeding indoor air screening level several times in the past. This bulk soil TCE concentration, however, falls below soil pollution control standards for TCE, i.e., 60 mg/kg, in Taiwan. As a result, soil remediation is not considered at this site. Soil gas TCE concentrations have reduced to less than 10 6 μg/m 3 after two years of groundwater remediation work at this site. However, we have observed significantly higher soil gas TCE levels at a depth of 0.5 m compared to other depths. This discrepancy raises suspicions that an amount of TCE may still be trapped within the shallow soils that are not reached by groundwater table.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"352 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138625920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/172293
M. Fauzi, Y. Darnas, Cut Rauzatun Muna, Muhammad Nizar
Microplastics in domestic wastewater are detrimental to living organisms and appear in a variety of sizes, colors, and shapes. The purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of microplastics in domestic wastewater, as well as the possibility for microplastic removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The sampling method used is SNI 6989.59:2008 concerning Wastewater Sampling Methods that Apply in Indonesia. To remove organic compounds in the sample, 0.05 M Fe (II) and 30% H 2 O 2 solution were added by the digestion process at 75 °C for 30 minutes and cooled. Samples were filtered using Whattman GF/C filter paper with the help of a vacuum pump and dried. To identify the concentration, shape, size, color of microplastics, visual analysis was used with the help of a microscope using the zig-zag technique. The concentration of microplastics in domestic wastewater in Gampong Garot is 30.17 ± 0.75 particles/100 mL sample. The most commonly found microplastic size is 1,001–5,000 µm, while the dominant color is transparent. The forms of microplastic found in the samples were fiber, fragments and microbeads with a percentage of 65.20%, 23.16% and 11.64%, respectively. These micro - plastics come from local community activities such as washing clothes, bathing, washing dishes, and other activities. So, it is necessary to treat domestic wastewater using WWTP. Not only does it remove organic matter and nutrients, WWTP also has the potential of microplastics removal around 7–99% depending on the processing unit.
生活废水中的微塑料对生物有害，并以各种大小、颜色和形状出现。本研究的目的是研究微塑料在生活废水中的分布，以及在污水处理厂去除微塑料的可能性。所使用的采样方法是SNI 6989.59:2008，关于适用于印度尼西亚的废水采样方法。为去除样品中的有机物，加入0.05 M Fe (II)和30% h2o2溶液，在75℃下溶出30分钟后冷却。样品使用Whattman GF/C滤纸在真空泵的帮助下过滤并干燥。为了鉴定微塑料的浓度、形状、大小和颜色，使用显微镜下的锯齿形技术进行了视觉分析。甘榜加罗特市生活废水中微塑料的浓度为30.17±0.75个颗粒/100 mL样品。最常见的微塑料尺寸为1001 - 5000µm，而主要颜色是透明的。样品中发现的微塑料形态为纤维、碎片和微珠，分别占65.20%、23.16%和11.64%。这些微塑料来自当地的社区活动，如洗衣服、洗澡、洗碗和其他活动。因此，利用污水处理厂处理生活污水是十分必要的。污水处理厂不仅可以去除有机物和营养物质，还可以去除7-99%的微塑料，具体取决于处理单元。
{"title":"Distribution of Microplastics in Domestic Wastewater and Microplastics Removal Potential in Wastewater Treatment Plants","authors":"M. Fauzi, Y. Darnas, Cut Rauzatun Muna, Muhammad Nizar","doi":"10.12911/22998993/172293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172293","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics in domestic wastewater are detrimental to living organisms and appear in a variety of sizes, colors, and shapes. The purpose of this study is to examine the distribution of microplastics in domestic wastewater, as well as the possibility for microplastic removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The sampling method used is SNI 6989.59:2008 concerning Wastewater Sampling Methods that Apply in Indonesia. To remove organic compounds in the sample, 0.05 M Fe (II) and 30% H 2 O 2 solution were added by the digestion process at 75 °C for 30 minutes and cooled. Samples were filtered using Whattman GF/C filter paper with the help of a vacuum pump and dried. To identify the concentration, shape, size, color of microplastics, visual analysis was used with the help of a microscope using the zig-zag technique. The concentration of microplastics in domestic wastewater in Gampong Garot is 30.17 ± 0.75 particles/100 mL sample. The most commonly found microplastic size is 1,001–5,000 µm, while the dominant color is transparent. The forms of microplastic found in the samples were fiber, fragments and microbeads with a percentage of 65.20%, 23.16% and 11.64%, respectively. These micro - plastics come from local community activities such as washing clothes, bathing, washing dishes, and other activities. So, it is necessary to treat domestic wastewater using WWTP. Not only does it remove organic matter and nutrients, WWTP also has the potential of microplastics removal around 7–99% depending on the processing unit.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"106 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173568
Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk, A. Urzędowski, Magda Wlazło, Dominika Mikušová, Jacek Zaburko
3D printing is a modern technology that enables the creation of three-dimensional objects from various thermo - plastic copolymers. One of the challenges of 3D printing is providing adequate support for complex shapes that may fall apart or deform during the printing process. Traditionally, support materials are used for this purpose, which are difficult to remove after printing and difficult to dispose of. This work focuses on the analysis of the solubility of the BVOH support filament in solutions with different pH values. In particular, the influence of pH on the dissolution time of the BVOH (Butenediol Vinyl Alcohol Co-polymer) copolymer in aqueous solutions and its influence on changes in the PETG base material from which the samples were printed were examined. It was found that the BVOH material combined with PETG is easily soluble in an alkaline environment.
{"title":"Analysis of the Solubility of a Support Filament Made of a Copolymer of Vinyl Alcohol and Butanediol in Aqueous Solutions with Variable pH","authors":"Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk, A. Urzędowski, Magda Wlazło, Dominika Mikušová, Jacek Zaburko","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173568","url":null,"abstract":"3D printing is a modern technology that enables the creation of three-dimensional objects from various thermo - plastic copolymers. One of the challenges of 3D printing is providing adequate support for complex shapes that may fall apart or deform during the printing process. Traditionally, support materials are used for this purpose, which are difficult to remove after printing and difficult to dispose of. This work focuses on the analysis of the solubility of the BVOH support filament in solutions with different pH values. In particular, the influence of pH on the dissolution time of the BVOH (Butenediol Vinyl Alcohol Co-polymer) copolymer in aqueous solutions and its influence on changes in the PETG base material from which the samples were printed were examined. It was found that the BVOH material combined with PETG is easily soluble in an alkaline environment.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"124 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138608337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/171900
Łukasz Rymaniak, Monika Mąka, Natalia Szymlet, Michalina Kamińska, A. Kęska
The paper presents the problem of testing vehicles, which are some of the main sources of air pollution. The authors suggested the remote-sensing method as a tool for the measurement of the vehicle exhaust emissions and an on-going control thereof. This is an economical solution that allows measuring a large number of vehicles in a short time. The presented work aims at an experimental validation of the measurement method of exhaust emissions on the example of a two-wheeler. To that end, two parallel laboratory tests were carried out: measurement of the exhaust emissions obtained directly from the tailpipe using the PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) equipment and from the exhaust cloud, utilizing a module emission gate. A significant mutual correla - tion of the results confirms the efficiency of the method. The highest value of the coefficient of determination was obtained for the CO 2 , PM and NO analyzers. Different orders of values were primarily caused by the dissipation of the exhaust gas and the influence of the ambient conditions on the measurement process. Further works are therefore necessary to allow an assessment of the actual measurement uncertainty of the equipment irrespective of the fueling system and type of vehicles.
{"title":"Measurement of Exhaust Emissions from a Two-wheeler – an Experimental Validation of the Remote-Sensing Method","authors":"Łukasz Rymaniak, Monika Mąka, Natalia Szymlet, Michalina Kamińska, A. Kęska","doi":"10.12911/22998993/171900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/171900","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the problem of testing vehicles, which are some of the main sources of air pollution. The authors suggested the remote-sensing method as a tool for the measurement of the vehicle exhaust emissions and an on-going control thereof. This is an economical solution that allows measuring a large number of vehicles in a short time. The presented work aims at an experimental validation of the measurement method of exhaust emissions on the example of a two-wheeler. To that end, two parallel laboratory tests were carried out: measurement of the exhaust emissions obtained directly from the tailpipe using the PEMS (Portable Emission Measurement System) equipment and from the exhaust cloud, utilizing a module emission gate. A significant mutual correla - tion of the results confirms the efficiency of the method. The highest value of the coefficient of determination was obtained for the CO 2 , PM and NO analyzers. Different orders of values were primarily caused by the dissipation of the exhaust gas and the influence of the ambient conditions on the measurement process. Further works are therefore necessary to allow an assessment of the actual measurement uncertainty of the equipment irrespective of the fueling system and type of vehicles.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 1192","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138610213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173490
Sundus Khaleel Alfaiz, D. Yaseen, W. Alawadi
The present study investigates the reduction of free residual chlorine (FC) from aqueous solution using non-mod - ified biochar (NM-B) and chemically modified biochar (M-B) derived from date palms. The role of biochar dose, biochar particle size, reaction time, solution pH, and initial concentration of FC on adsorption efficiency were assessed. The optimum contact time for higher FC uptake was reached after 20 min using NM-B and 8 min using M-B, with a biochar dose of 10 g/L. The optimum pH values and biochar size for higher FC adsorption were 4 and 0.6 mm, respectively. Higher removal was reached at 88% using NM-B and 96% using M-B. The pseudo-second-order model matched well with the kinetic outcomes. Langmuir isotherm was fitted well with the equilibrium results of FC uptake on NM-B and M-B, with regression coefficient (R 2 ) values of 0.98 and 0.998, in that order. The separation parameter was within the limits of favorable adsorption of FC by both biochars. The higher uptake capacity (0.215 mg/g) was linked with the M-B, indicating that chemical modification of biochar was successful in increasing FC uptake from aqueous solutions. This study confirmed that utilizing biochar derived from date palms for FC removal is a very beneficial and cost-effective solution, especially in the countries that are considered the largest date producer in the world.
{"title":"Water De-Chlorination by Non-Modified and Modified Biochar Derived from Date Palm","authors":"Sundus Khaleel Alfaiz, D. Yaseen, W. Alawadi","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173490","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates the reduction of free residual chlorine (FC) from aqueous solution using non-mod - ified biochar (NM-B) and chemically modified biochar (M-B) derived from date palms. The role of biochar dose, biochar particle size, reaction time, solution pH, and initial concentration of FC on adsorption efficiency were assessed. The optimum contact time for higher FC uptake was reached after 20 min using NM-B and 8 min using M-B, with a biochar dose of 10 g/L. The optimum pH values and biochar size for higher FC adsorption were 4 and 0.6 mm, respectively. Higher removal was reached at 88% using NM-B and 96% using M-B. The pseudo-second-order model matched well with the kinetic outcomes. Langmuir isotherm was fitted well with the equilibrium results of FC uptake on NM-B and M-B, with regression coefficient (R 2 ) values of 0.98 and 0.998, in that order. The separation parameter was within the limits of favorable adsorption of FC by both biochars. The higher uptake capacity (0.215 mg/g) was linked with the M-B, indicating that chemical modification of biochar was successful in increasing FC uptake from aqueous solutions. This study confirmed that utilizing biochar derived from date palms for FC removal is a very beneficial and cost-effective solution, especially in the countries that are considered the largest date producer in the world.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138616497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173414
Abdelkader T. Ahmed, M. Shafiquzzaman, Amimul Ahsan
Treatment and reuse of greywater for non-potable applications especially in scarce countries is a feasible option. In this study, a simple greywater treatment system consisting of a low-cost simple multi-media filter with biological contact aeration system was developed and installed in a selected household in Muscat, the capital of Oman. Monitoring and measurements were made to investigate the productivity and efficiency of this system in treating the greywater from laundry and shower sources. The greywater from the collected laundry and shower contained 360 mg/L of COD and 28.5 mg/L of BOD. The experimental results showed that the greywater treatment unit achieved more than 99% of turbidity removal, more than 74% of BOD removal, and more than 50% of COD removal. BOD removal was primarily achieved through bacterial degradation whereas COD removal was attributed to the adsorption of organic compounds by activated carbon. The effluent quality of the treated greywater fell within the standard level and can be safely reused for various non-potable applications.
{"title":"Assessing a Low-Cost Multi-Media Filter with Biological Contact Aeration for Greywater Treatment in Domestic Applications","authors":"Abdelkader T. Ahmed, M. Shafiquzzaman, Amimul Ahsan","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173414","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment and reuse of greywater for non-potable applications especially in scarce countries is a feasible option. In this study, a simple greywater treatment system consisting of a low-cost simple multi-media filter with biological contact aeration system was developed and installed in a selected household in Muscat, the capital of Oman. Monitoring and measurements were made to investigate the productivity and efficiency of this system in treating the greywater from laundry and shower sources. The greywater from the collected laundry and shower contained 360 mg/L of COD and 28.5 mg/L of BOD. The experimental results showed that the greywater treatment unit achieved more than 99% of turbidity removal, more than 74% of BOD removal, and more than 50% of COD removal. BOD removal was primarily achieved through bacterial degradation whereas COD removal was attributed to the adsorption of organic compounds by activated carbon. The effluent quality of the treated greywater fell within the standard level and can be safely reused for various non-potable applications.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138619571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/173380
Monika Jaroszuk-Sierocińska
A study of the filter properties of soils in relation to water and air in the manor park in Kozłówka in the
在Kozłówka庄园公园土壤对水和空气的过滤特性的研究
{"title":"Filtration Properties of Anthropogenic Soils in Kozłówka Manor Park","authors":"Monika Jaroszuk-Sierocińska","doi":"10.12911/22998993/173380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/173380","url":null,"abstract":"A study of the filter properties of soils in relation to water and air in the manor park in Kozłówka in the","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/172058
Łukasz Guz, S. Dumała, Anna Badora, D. Gaweł
The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of particulate and microbial contaminants, i.e. bacteria and fungi found in indoor air in a lecture hall in one of Lublin’s universities and their classification. In the research part, the amount of particulate and microbial pollutants was measured. Bioaerosols were investigated using an Andersen cascade impactor, which was located in the central part of the room at a height of 1–1.5 m, and single-level impac - tors. Identification of the microorganisms present in indoor air was carried out. The air in the room was sampled before the start of class to determine the “background,” i.e. the concentration level of microbial contaminants in the classroom without the presence of students. Subsequent measurements were taken during teaching activities in the presence of students and the teacher. The study shows that the air condition in the classroom during its opera - tion met the requirements in terms of PM2.5, PM10 and microorganisms. The highest risk was recorded for carbon dioxide. Moreover, the highest recorded readings of this pollutant coincided with the maximum concentrations of the other monitored quantities. Therefore, it can be unequivocally stated that in the case of the analyzed room, monitoring carbon dioxide and adjusting the size of the ventilation airflow to maintain its concentration within the limit of 1000 ppm would guarantee the maintenance of adequate indoor air quality. The study showed no correla - tion between CO 2 concentration and measured concentrations of microbial contaminants.
{"title":"Assessment of Exposure to Particulate and Microbiological Contaminants in a Lecture Room","authors":"Łukasz Guz, S. Dumała, Anna Badora, D. Gaweł","doi":"10.12911/22998993/172058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/172058","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of particulate and microbial contaminants, i.e. bacteria and fungi found in indoor air in a lecture hall in one of Lublin’s universities and their classification. In the research part, the amount of particulate and microbial pollutants was measured. Bioaerosols were investigated using an Andersen cascade impactor, which was located in the central part of the room at a height of 1–1.5 m, and single-level impac - tors. Identification of the microorganisms present in indoor air was carried out. The air in the room was sampled before the start of class to determine the “background,” i.e. the concentration level of microbial contaminants in the classroom without the presence of students. Subsequent measurements were taken during teaching activities in the presence of students and the teacher. The study shows that the air condition in the classroom during its opera - tion met the requirements in terms of PM2.5, PM10 and microorganisms. The highest risk was recorded for carbon dioxide. Moreover, the highest recorded readings of this pollutant coincided with the maximum concentrations of the other monitored quantities. Therefore, it can be unequivocally stated that in the case of the analyzed room, monitoring carbon dioxide and adjusting the size of the ventilation airflow to maintain its concentration within the limit of 1000 ppm would guarantee the maintenance of adequate indoor air quality. The study showed no correla - tion between CO 2 concentration and measured concentrations of microbial contaminants.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":"41 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138626953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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