Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188932
Vasyl Petrychenko, O. Korniychuk, V. Lykhochvor, S. Kobak, O. Pantsyrev
Comprehensive assessment of sowing qualities of soybean seeds after pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biological preparations is a scientifically valuable and urgent problem of today, which made it possible to choose the optimal methods of realizing the genetic potential of productivity of modern soybean varieties. In laboratory and vegetation conditions, the sowing properties of soybean seeds were evaluated under pre-sowing seed sterilization. The aim of the research was to establish the sowing qualities of soybean seeds (varieties Slavna, Churaivna, Azymut, Tytan, Triada, Pallada, Samorodok), namely seed moisture, germination energy, field germination and linear hypocotyl parameters depending on the varietal composition and pre-sowing seed treatment with a bacterial preparation. Field and laboratory studies were conducted according to the following indicators: seed moisture, germination energy, field germination and linear hypocotyl parameters according to generally accepted methods. Research on the basis of the scientific research field of the Institute of Fodder and Agriculture of the Podillia National Academy of Sciences by the method of split plots in four repetitions according to the methodology of research in agronomy, p. Bohonyky, Vinnytsia region, Ukraine. It was established that the moisture content of the seeds of soybean varieties during 2020–2023 storage in uncontrolled climate conditions was within the normal range and did not exceed 13.4%. It was noted that the use of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation based on strains of nodule bacteria had a smaller effect on laboratory germination, and to a greater extent on the germination energy of soybean seeds. The maximum indicator was obtained on the Slavna soybean variety – 93.4% for the use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizoline+Rhizosave) in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds. Laboratory germination had a significant tendency to increase up to 96.3–98.1% in variants with Svavna and Tytan varieties for the use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rizolain+Rhizosave) in the pre-sowing seed treatment. Based on the obtained results, in order to stimulate the germination of soybean seeds, it is proposed to bacteriize them with complex inoculants, which is a more effective measure than inoculation with a monoculture of rhizobia. In the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe, in the variants where a bacterial preparation (Rizolain+Rhizosev) was used for pre-sowing seed treatment, the mentioned technological methods of growing can be used to improve the technology of growing soybeans.
{"title":"Study of Sowing Quality of Soybean Seeds Depending on Pre-Sowing Treatment of Seed and Microfertilizers","authors":"Vasyl Petrychenko, O. Korniychuk, V. Lykhochvor, S. Kobak, O. Pantsyrev","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188932","url":null,"abstract":"Comprehensive assessment of sowing qualities of soybean seeds after pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biological preparations is a scientifically valuable and urgent problem of today, which made it possible to choose the optimal methods of realizing the genetic potential of productivity of modern soybean varieties. In laboratory and vegetation conditions, the sowing properties of soybean seeds were evaluated under pre-sowing seed sterilization. The aim of the research was to establish the sowing qualities of soybean seeds (varieties Slavna, Churaivna, Azymut, Tytan, Triada, Pallada, Samorodok), namely seed moisture, germination energy, field germination and linear hypocotyl parameters depending on the varietal composition and pre-sowing seed treatment with a bacterial preparation. Field and laboratory studies were conducted according to the following indicators: seed moisture, germination energy, field germination and linear hypocotyl parameters according to generally accepted methods. Research on the basis of the scientific research field of the Institute of Fodder and Agriculture of the Podillia National Academy of Sciences by the method of split plots in four repetitions according to the methodology of research in agronomy, p. Bohonyky, Vinnytsia region, Ukraine. It was established that the moisture content of the seeds of soybean varieties during 2020–2023 storage in uncontrolled climate conditions was within the normal range and did not exceed 13.4%. It was noted that the use of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a bacterial preparation based on strains of nodule bacteria had a smaller effect on laboratory germination, and to a greater extent on the germination energy of soybean seeds. The maximum indicator was obtained on the Slavna soybean variety – 93.4% for the use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizoline+Rhizosave) in the pre-sowing treatment of seeds. Laboratory germination had a significant tendency to increase up to 96.3–98.1% in variants with Svavna and Tytan varieties for the use of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rizolain+Rhizosave) in the pre-sowing seed treatment. Based on the obtained results, in order to stimulate the germination of soybean seeds, it is proposed to bacteriize them with complex inoculants, which is a more effective measure than inoculation with a monoculture of rhizobia. In the conditions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe, in the variants where a bacterial preparation (Rizolain+Rhizosev) was used for pre-sowing seed treatment, the mentioned technological methods of growing can be used to improve the technology of growing soybeans.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/189229
Symbat Tulegenova, Bolatbek Zhantokov, R. Beisenova, Zhadra A. Shingisbayeva, Asiya Dukenbayeva, Zhanar Rakhymzhan
Currently, the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most developing and dynamic sectors of the global economy. Existing methods of wastewater treatment do not always allow the complete removal of pharmacological preparations, which leads to the fact that these substances enter water resources and can have a negative impact on ecosystems and human health. Due to the increase in water pollution with pharmacological preparations, there is a need for more in-depth research in this area. Assessment of the level of contamination with pharmacological substances in the wastewater of megacities is an important aspect of environmental protection and public health. The purpose of this research work is to evaluate pharmacological pollutants in the wastewater of megacities. This study is aimed at identifying APIs (active pharmaceutical ingredients) that are most likely to have a negative impact on the envi - ronment in Kazakhstan. To analyze the content of Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ateno - lol, Metoprolol, Propranolol, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Cabramazepine and other medicinal substances, standards of these substances were added to the wastewater sample and analyzed by the HPLC-MS method. As a result of this research work, information was obtained on the current level of contamination with pharmacological substances in the wastewater of megacities and their impact on ecosystems and human health. The results of the study can be used to develop measures to reduce pollution and conserve water resources for future generations.
{"title":"Monitoring and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Eco-Pollutants in Wastewater in Kazakhstan Cities","authors":"Symbat Tulegenova, Bolatbek Zhantokov, R. Beisenova, Zhadra A. Shingisbayeva, Asiya Dukenbayeva, Zhanar Rakhymzhan","doi":"10.12911/22998993/189229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/189229","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most developing and dynamic sectors of the global economy. Existing methods of wastewater treatment do not always allow the complete removal of pharmacological preparations, which leads to the fact that these substances enter water resources and can have a negative impact on ecosystems and human health. Due to the increase in water pollution with pharmacological preparations, there is a need for more in-depth research in this area. Assessment of the level of contamination with pharmacological substances in the wastewater of megacities is an important aspect of environmental protection and public health. The purpose of this research work is to evaluate pharmacological pollutants in the wastewater of megacities. This study is aimed at identifying APIs (active pharmaceutical ingredients) that are most likely to have a negative impact on the envi - ronment in Kazakhstan. To analyze the content of Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ateno - lol, Metoprolol, Propranolol, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diclofenac, Cabramazepine and other medicinal substances, standards of these substances were added to the wastewater sample and analyzed by the HPLC-MS method. As a result of this research work, information was obtained on the current level of contamination with pharmacological substances in the wastewater of megacities and their impact on ecosystems and human health. The results of the study can be used to develop measures to reduce pollution and conserve water resources for future generations.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187970
Abdelaadim Khriss, Aissa Kerkour Elmiad, Mohammed Badaoui, A. Barkaoui, Y. Zarhloule
In this paper, a comparative evaluation of state-of-the-art deep learning models for object detection in underwater environments focusing on marine debris detection was presented. The performance of four prominent object detection models was investigated, including: Faster R-CNN, SSD, YOLOv8, and YOLOv9, using two different data - sets: TrashCAN and DeepTrash. Through quantitative analysis, the accuracy, precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP) of each model across different object classes and environmental conditions were evaluated. The obtained results show that YOLOv9 consistently outperforms the other models, demonstrating superior precision, recall, and mAP values on both datasets. Furthermore, the stability and convergence behavior of the models during training were analyzed, highlighting the excellent stability and adaptability of YOLOv9. The obtained results underscore the effectiveness of deep learning-based approaches in marine debris detection and highlight the potential of YOLOv9 as a robust solution for environmental monitoring and intervention efforts in underwater ecosystems.
{"title":"Exploring Deep Learning for Underwater Plastic Debris Detection and Monitoring","authors":"Abdelaadim Khriss, Aissa Kerkour Elmiad, Mohammed Badaoui, A. Barkaoui, Y. Zarhloule","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187970","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a comparative evaluation of state-of-the-art deep learning models for object detection in underwater environments focusing on marine debris detection was presented. The performance of four prominent object detection models was investigated, including: Faster R-CNN, SSD, YOLOv8, and YOLOv9, using two different data - sets: TrashCAN and DeepTrash. Through quantitative analysis, the accuracy, precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP) of each model across different object classes and environmental conditions were evaluated. The obtained results show that YOLOv9 consistently outperforms the other models, demonstrating superior precision, recall, and mAP values on both datasets. Furthermore, the stability and convergence behavior of the models during training were analyzed, highlighting the excellent stability and adaptability of YOLOv9. The obtained results underscore the effectiveness of deep learning-based approaches in marine debris detection and highlight the potential of YOLOv9 as a robust solution for environmental monitoring and intervention efforts in underwater ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141709594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188364
M. Widomski, Joanna Czerpak
{"title":"Numerical Assessment of Green Infrastructure Influence on Hydrologic Effectiveness in a Suburban Residential Development","authors":"M. Widomski, Joanna Czerpak","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141710215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/185889
F. A. Saleh, M. K. Allawi, M. S. Imran, Ahmed O. Samarmad
Recently, there has been significant interest in biodiesel, since it depends on renewable resources, which is essential given the increasing depletion of fossil fuels. Using palm oil in biodiesel production is an innovative application of botanical resources in this sector. Simulation research examined how blending palm oil with Iraqi conventional diesel influences engine performance. The impact of several mixtures, consisting of dif - ferent proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of palm oil and diesel, on engine fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency, torque, brake mean pressure, brake power, and thermal efficiency was evaluated in each case. The study found that using palm oil fuel at a mixing ratio of 20% resulted in a 4% increase in fuel consumption. Furthermore, a 3% enhancement in volumetric efficiency was also noted. Again, there was a noticeable reduc - tion in the torque, power, and average adequate pressure levels across all diesel fuel mixing ratios compared to diesel fuel, which exhibits the highest value.
{"title":"A Simulation of the Impact of Biodiesel Blends on Performance Parameters in Compression Ignition Engine","authors":"F. A. Saleh, M. K. Allawi, M. S. Imran, Ahmed O. Samarmad","doi":"10.12911/22998993/185889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/185889","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, there has been significant interest in biodiesel, since it depends on renewable resources, which is essential given the increasing depletion of fossil fuels. Using palm oil in biodiesel production is an innovative application of botanical resources in this sector. Simulation research examined how blending palm oil with Iraqi conventional diesel influences engine performance. The impact of several mixtures, consisting of dif - ferent proportions (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) of palm oil and diesel, on engine fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency, torque, brake mean pressure, brake power, and thermal efficiency was evaluated in each case. The study found that using palm oil fuel at a mixing ratio of 20% resulted in a 4% increase in fuel consumption. Furthermore, a 3% enhancement in volumetric efficiency was also noted. Again, there was a noticeable reduc - tion in the torque, power, and average adequate pressure levels across all diesel fuel mixing ratios compared to diesel fuel, which exhibits the highest value.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187958
G. Daumova, Yelena Van, Yakov Masyutin, Anton Gradov, Yelena Ivashchenko
This article raises the relevancy problems of bimetallic nanostructures using to inhibit corrosion processes specific to various sulfur-containing media, including the extraction and transportation of natural hydrocarbons, in oil and gas condensate equipment. The environmental aspect of the research is the possibility of using bimetallic nano-structures modified with cysteine as environmentally friendly agents that protect steel from corrosion, especially in a thiol medium. There are presented experimental data on the synthesis and study of bimetallic nanostructures based on copper and silver in a thiol medium based on cysteine aminoacid. The research field is conditioned by these days’ tendency that advanced developments in many branches of science are directly associated to the application of nanomaterials. The high action efficiency of these materials is achieved due to their highly dispersed state, distinguishing them favorably from conventional macroobjects. The synthesis of Cu/Ag nanostructures was carried out due to the unique properties of bimetals, such as increased activity of atoms in the surface layer, display of quantum effects, etc., that are more pronounced than those in monometallic nanostructures. The main article concept lies within simulation the process of sulfides and other sulfur compounds formation with bimetal - lic nanoparticles to protect oil and gas equipment from sulfur-containing corrosive agents in aqueous medium. The goal is to synthesize the copper-silver bimetallic microparticles stabilized with apple pectin and verification of the possibility of forming a metal-sulfur bond at the nanoscale level with cysteine aminoacid as a suitable and convenient compound. The objectives include directly the method of synthesis of the bimetallic microstructure Cu-Ag, stabilized with a solution of apple pectin; absorption spectrophotometry of the studied disperse system of bimetallic Cu-Ag microparticles in the visible region; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the bimetallic Cu-Ag microparticles obtained; study of chemisorption of L-cysteine hydrochloride on the dispersed phase surface of bimetallic Cu-Ag microparticles; Raman-scattering spectroscopy of the sample obtained after chemisorption.
{"title":"Application of Bimetallic Nanoparticles as Eco-Friendly Metal Corrosion Inhibitors in a Thiol Medium through the Example of Cysteine","authors":"G. Daumova, Yelena Van, Yakov Masyutin, Anton Gradov, Yelena Ivashchenko","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187958","url":null,"abstract":"This article raises the relevancy problems of bimetallic nanostructures using to inhibit corrosion processes specific to various sulfur-containing media, including the extraction and transportation of natural hydrocarbons, in oil and gas condensate equipment. The environmental aspect of the research is the possibility of using bimetallic nano-structures modified with cysteine as environmentally friendly agents that protect steel from corrosion, especially in a thiol medium. There are presented experimental data on the synthesis and study of bimetallic nanostructures based on copper and silver in a thiol medium based on cysteine aminoacid. The research field is conditioned by these days’ tendency that advanced developments in many branches of science are directly associated to the application of nanomaterials. The high action efficiency of these materials is achieved due to their highly dispersed state, distinguishing them favorably from conventional macroobjects. The synthesis of Cu/Ag nanostructures was carried out due to the unique properties of bimetals, such as increased activity of atoms in the surface layer, display of quantum effects, etc., that are more pronounced than those in monometallic nanostructures. The main article concept lies within simulation the process of sulfides and other sulfur compounds formation with bimetal - lic nanoparticles to protect oil and gas equipment from sulfur-containing corrosive agents in aqueous medium. The goal is to synthesize the copper-silver bimetallic microparticles stabilized with apple pectin and verification of the possibility of forming a metal-sulfur bond at the nanoscale level with cysteine aminoacid as a suitable and convenient compound. The objectives include directly the method of synthesis of the bimetallic microstructure Cu-Ag, stabilized with a solution of apple pectin; absorption spectrophotometry of the studied disperse system of bimetallic Cu-Ag microparticles in the visible region; scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the bimetallic Cu-Ag microparticles obtained; study of chemisorption of L-cysteine hydrochloride on the dispersed phase surface of bimetallic Cu-Ag microparticles; Raman-scattering spectroscopy of the sample obtained after chemisorption.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141696782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/187921
Wisam Adnan Hameed, Mohammed Nsaif Abbas
{"title":"Dyes Adsorption from Contaminated Aqueous Solution Using Sylicone Dioxide Nanoparticles Prepared from the Extracted Tree Leaves","authors":"Wisam Adnan Hameed, Mohammed Nsaif Abbas","doi":"10.12911/22998993/187921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/187921","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188880
Nur Hasanah Anwar Anwar, A. Karyawati, M. D. Maghfoer, Andi Kurniawan
Salinity is a major constraint for crop productivity as it reduces agricultural land area. This problem can be ameliorated by the application of organic materials such as manure, which plays an important role in supporting plant growth and reducing soil toxicity by binding toxic compounds. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of manure in overcoming the impact of salt stress on shallots. Here randomised block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications was used. The first factor is salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM), and the second is manure doses (0, 10 and 20 t·ha -1 ). This study finds that the application of 20 t·ha -1 of manure decreases the shal-lot’s leaf tissue thickness, but the 50 mM of salinity significantly increases it. Then, the application of 20 t·ha -1 of manure increases the shallot’s number of tillers and bulbs, while the 100 mM of salinity significantly decreases its number of tillers. The application of 10 t·ha -1 of manure decreases the proline and flavonoids content of the plant’s leaves. In addition, plants treated and not treated with manure under 50 mM of salinity have higher proline and flavonoids levels in their leaf. Therefore, shallots can grow under salinity conditions if manure is applied.
{"title":"Organic Fertilizer Alleviates Salt Stress in Shallot by Modulating Plant Physiological Responses","authors":"Nur Hasanah Anwar Anwar, A. Karyawati, M. D. Maghfoer, Andi Kurniawan","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188880","url":null,"abstract":"Salinity is a major constraint for crop productivity as it reduces agricultural land area. This problem can be ameliorated by the application of organic materials such as manure, which plays an important role in supporting plant growth and reducing soil toxicity by binding toxic compounds. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effect of manure in overcoming the impact of salt stress on shallots. Here randomised block design (RBD) consisting of 2 factors and 3 replications was used. The first factor is salinity levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM), and the second is manure doses (0, 10 and 20 t·ha -1 ). This study finds that the application of 20 t·ha -1 of manure decreases the shal-lot’s leaf tissue thickness, but the 50 mM of salinity significantly increases it. Then, the application of 20 t·ha -1 of manure increases the shallot’s number of tillers and bulbs, while the 100 mM of salinity significantly decreases its number of tillers. The application of 10 t·ha -1 of manure decreases the proline and flavonoids content of the plant’s leaves. In addition, plants treated and not treated with manure under 50 mM of salinity have higher proline and flavonoids levels in their leaf. Therefore, shallots can grow under salinity conditions if manure is applied.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188206
Kenia Estefania Vélez Saltos, Andrea Paola Álava Bravo, Rosa Alexandra Córdova Mosquera, Maria Antoniera Riera
This study focuses on the application of activated carbon obtained from cocoa shells for wastewater treatment. The methodology covered the preparation of activated car-bon through collection, drying, carbonization, and chemical activation, followed by the characterization of the wastewater, its treatment through filtration, adsorption, and the final evaluation of the quality of the treated water. Trihalomethanes (THM), metabi-sulfite, and residual free chlo - rine were determined in the treated water before and after using activated charcoal. The results indicate a 31.2% reduction in THM levels with considerable decreases in metabisulfite and residual free chlorine concentrations. These findings suggest that cocoa shell-activated carbon is effective in removing common contaminants and more specialized compounds. The study highlights the importance of using sustainable materials in wastewater treat-ment, promoting more efficient and environmentally responsible practices.
{"title":"Efficiency of Activated Carbon Derived from Cocoa Shells in Removing Pollutants from Wastewater","authors":"Kenia Estefania Vélez Saltos, Andrea Paola Álava Bravo, Rosa Alexandra Córdova Mosquera, Maria Antoniera Riera","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188206","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the application of activated carbon obtained from cocoa shells for wastewater treatment. The methodology covered the preparation of activated car-bon through collection, drying, carbonization, and chemical activation, followed by the characterization of the wastewater, its treatment through filtration, adsorption, and the final evaluation of the quality of the treated water. Trihalomethanes (THM), metabi-sulfite, and residual free chlo - rine were determined in the treated water before and after using activated charcoal. The results indicate a 31.2% reduction in THM levels with considerable decreases in metabisulfite and residual free chlorine concentrations. These findings suggest that cocoa shell-activated carbon is effective in removing common contaminants and more specialized compounds. The study highlights the importance of using sustainable materials in wastewater treat-ment, promoting more efficient and environmentally responsible practices.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141701386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.12911/22998993/188274
Viorel Ionescu
The efficient recovery of the waste heat from the industrial sector can represent an essential step in global energy saving, with the proper usage of other on-grid power resources available for specific high-energy consumers. A simple, low–cost energy conversion system was tested here to recover a part of the waste heat dissipated by a gaso-line engine’s exhaust pipe under the car’s stationary testing mode at temperatures around 80–100 °C. The main components of this system were a copper–made thermal collector, a commercial thermoelectric energy generator (TEG) module TEC1 – 12706 and a pin-fin heat sink under natural air convection cooling. Under the open-circuit test, heat transfer rates between 4.54 W and 5.56 W were evacuated by the heat sink. A DC electronic load R L was connected at the TEG outputs, and voltage values between 0.566 V and 1.242 V were recorded for output power values between 0.03 W and 0.16 W when R L was modified from 1 Ω to 10 Ω.
有效回收工业部门的废热是全球节能的重要一步，同时还能为特定的高能耗用户适当利用其他电网电力资源。这里测试的是一种简单、低成本的能量转换系统，用于回收汽车静态测试模式下燃气发动机排气管在 80-100 °C 左右温度下散失的部分废热。该系统的主要部件包括一个铜制热收集器、一个商用热电能量发生器（TEG）模块 TEC1 - 12706 和一个自然空气对流冷却的鳍状散热器。在开路测试中，散热器排出的热量在 4.54 W 至 5.56 W 之间。在 TEG 输出端连接了直流电子负载 R L，当 R L 从 1 Ω 变为 10 Ω 时，输出功率值介于 0.03 W 和 0.16 W 之间，电压值介于 0.566 V 和 1.242 V 之间。
{"title":"Thermal, Energy and Exergy Analysis of Thermoelectric Generator System for Waste Heat Recovery Applications","authors":"Viorel Ionescu","doi":"10.12911/22998993/188274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/188274","url":null,"abstract":"The efficient recovery of the waste heat from the industrial sector can represent an essential step in global energy saving, with the proper usage of other on-grid power resources available for specific high-energy consumers. A simple, low–cost energy conversion system was tested here to recover a part of the waste heat dissipated by a gaso-line engine’s exhaust pipe under the car’s stationary testing mode at temperatures around 80–100 °C. The main components of this system were a copper–made thermal collector, a commercial thermoelectric energy generator (TEG) module TEC1 – 12706 and a pin-fin heat sink under natural air convection cooling. Under the open-circuit test, heat transfer rates between 4.54 W and 5.56 W were evacuated by the heat sink. A DC electronic load R L was connected at the TEG outputs, and voltage values between 0.566 V and 1.242 V were recorded for output power values between 0.03 W and 0.16 W when R L was modified from 1 Ω to 10 Ω.","PeriodicalId":15652,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ecological Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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