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Genetic engineering approach to address microplastic environmental pollution – critical review 解决微塑料环境污染的基因工程方法综述
Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.22.00088
D O Nyakundi, E O Mogusu, DN Kimaro
Polymeric materials have desirable chemical and physical properties leading to wide applications in consumer industries. However, such properties which include high hydrophobicity, crystallinity, strong chemical bonds and high molecular weight, inhibit natural biodegradation of plastics by wild-type microbes. This has led to the accumulation of microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment that is projected to be 12 000 million metric tons by the year 2050. Such accumulations bear serious health side effects on both terrestrial and marine ecosystems. Current methods used to control microplastics in the environment have proved inadequate due to high plastic productions and extensive uses. Biological methods of controlling plastic pollution which involve enzymes from various microbes, has emerged as an efficient, eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to plastic treatment and recycling. However, naturally occurring plastic biodegrading enzymes, possess limited biodegradation capacity due to low thermostability and biocatalytic activities thus limiting large scale applications. This review focuses on leveraged protein-enzyme genetic engineering techniques intended to improve catalytic performance of putative plastic biodegrading enzymes and production of environmentally friendly bioplastics from natural fibers as a substitute of synthetic petroleum based plastics. Genetically modified plastic degrading enzymes possess boosted substrate interaction, increased hydrophobicity, better catalytic efficiency, increased thermostability and optimized plastic biodegradability.
高分子材料具有理想的化学和物理性能,在消费工业中有广泛的应用。然而,这些特性包括高疏水性、结晶性、强化学键和高分子量,抑制了野生型微生物对塑料的自然生物降解。这导致了环境中微塑料和纳米塑料的积累,预计到2050年将达到12亿吨。这种积累对陆地和海洋生态系统都有严重的健康副作用。由于塑料的高产量和广泛使用,目前用于控制环境中微塑料的方法已被证明是不够的。控制塑料污染的生物方法涉及各种微生物的酶,已成为塑料处理和回收的高效,环保和可持续的替代方法。然而,天然存在的塑料生物降解酶,由于低热稳定性和生物催化活性,具有有限的生物降解能力,从而限制了大规模应用。本文综述了利用蛋白-酶基因工程技术提高塑料生物降解酶的催化性能和利用天然纤维生产环境友好型生物塑料作为合成石油基塑料的替代品。转基因塑料降解酶具有增强的底物相互作用,增强的疏水性,更好的催化效率,增加的热稳定性和优化的塑料生物降解性。
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引用次数: 1
Investigation on growth modeling and kinetic analysis of lead-resistant bacteria Bacillus infantis isolated from battery industry waste mud 电池工业废泥中抗铅细菌婴儿芽孢杆菌的生长模型研究及动力学分析
Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-10-05 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00035
Moumita Bose, Tapobrata Dey
The present investigation introduces a novel approach on advanced biological remediation for heavy metal lead removal from industrial waste. The ongoing research collaborating theoretical insights with experimentally-derived data to develop strategies to operate bioreactor proficiently on large scale mode. Initially bacteria naturally well equipped with lead resistance has been isolated and identified from native source 16srDNA study along with other microbiological tests have been conducted with the isolated lead resistant bacterial cell and it has been revealed that the isolated lead resistant cell is Bacillus infantis 4352-1T. An extensive studies regarding cell growth of the candidate cell has been carried out in batch mode using well plugged 100 ml conical flasks placed on a rotary shaker under aseptic condition to determine the activity of Bacillus infantis 4352-1T towards its lead removal.Then an attempt has been made to set out to formulate an equation that characterizes the growth kinetics of the lead-resistant Bacillus infantis 4352-1T under lead microenvironment. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and experimental data, it has been observed that Monod’s equation accurately describes the cell growth progress within concentration range of lead (0.05-0.25 kg lead/m 3 ). In this range a theoretical analysis with the help of experimental data is not only confirmed the validity of Monods equation within the concentration range (0.05-0.25 kg lead/m 3 ) but also helped to derive the maximum specific cell growth rate 0.0237 hr −1 and substrate saturation constant 0.018 kg/m 3 . Interestingly, further experiments has been conducted with lead concentrations beyond 0.25 kg lead/m 3 and upto 0.43 kg lead/m 3 show a swift declining in the specific cell growth rate signifying pronounced effect of substrate inhibition clarified through Haldane equation quantitatively.
介绍了一种新型的工业废水重金属铅的高级生物修复方法。正在进行的研究将理论见解与实验数据相结合,以制定在大规模模式下熟练操作生物反应器的策略。最初,从天然来源中分离并鉴定了天然耐铅细菌16srDNA研究以及其他微生物学测试,并对分离的耐铅细菌细胞进行了研究,结果表明分离的耐铅细胞是婴儿芽孢杆菌4352-1T。在无菌条件下,对候选细胞的细胞生长进行了广泛的研究,使用密封良好的100毫升锥形烧瓶放在旋转摇床上,以确定婴儿芽孢杆菌4352-1T对其铅去除的活性。然后试图建立耐铅婴儿芽孢杆菌4352-1T在铅微环境下的生长动力学方程。通过理论分析和实验数据的结合,观察到Monod方程准确地描述了铅浓度范围(0.05-0.25 kg铅/ m3)内细胞的生长过程。在此浓度范围内,理论分析和实验数据不仅证实了Monods方程在浓度范围(0.05-0.25 kg铅/m 3)内的有效性,而且还有助于推导出最大特定细胞生长速率0.0237 hr−1和底物饱和常数0.018 kg/m 3。有趣的是,在铅浓度超过0.25 kg铅/ m3和高达0.43 kg铅/ m3的情况下进行的进一步实验表明,特定细胞生长速率迅速下降,这表明通过霍尔丹方程定量澄清了底物抑制的明显影响。
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引用次数: 0
Carbonization of chrome containing waste: Sustainable energy, cost-effective and recycling 含铬废弃物的碳化:可持续能源、高性价比、可循环利用
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00046
R. Senthil
The leather industry is currently under severe threat from efforts to eliminate environmental pollution issues caused by the generation of leather waste. Landfills must be used to dispose of leather waste, which harms the environment. Use of different chemicals during leather processing produces wastes in solid, liquid and gaseous form: contribute to environmental pollution. The development of leather/paper waste-based materials is an offer promoted by the recycled leather industry. A study is conducted into this work to prepare a polymerized electrolytic solution (PES) from chrome-containing leather waste (CCLW) for carbonized particles (CP), microfibrillated cellulose (MCF), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for their potential use in sustainable energy production. In this method consuming power (rechargeable) is based on the redox process. Field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to investigate the physical and chemical features of PES. On PES, energy generation was demonstrated using a multimeter and rheological properties. The results show that energy was produced with a voltage of 1101.12 ± 1.00 mV per cell, a current of 639.12 ± 0.42 mA per cell, and a resistance of 88.77 ± 0.17 per cell. Rheological tests were conducted at 25 °C with 8% wt/vol of PES and gradually increased shear-strain rates of 0.01 to 100 s−1. This work presents the environmental results of a study effort on the comparative examination of solutions for material and energy recovery from waste, along with those derived from mass and energy balances.
目前,皮革行业正面临着严重的威胁,因为人们正在努力消除由皮革废料产生造成的环境污染问题。垃圾填埋场必须用来处理对环境有害的皮革废料。在皮革加工过程中使用不同的化学品会产生固体、液体和气体形式的废物,造成环境污染。皮革/废纸基材料的开发是由再生皮革行业推动的。本研究旨在从含铬皮革废料(CCLW)中制备一种聚合电解溶液(PES),用于碳化颗粒(CP)、微纤化纤维素(MCF)和聚乙二醇(PEG),以实现其在可持续能源生产中的潜在用途。在这种方法中,消耗功率(可充电)是基于氧化还原过程的。利用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)、能量色散x射线能谱(EDX)和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了PES的物理和化学特征。在PES上,使用万用表和流变特性演示了能量产生。结果表明,每电池产生的能量电压为1101.12±1.00 mV,电流为639.12±0.42 mA,电阻为88.77±0.17。流变学试验在25°C下进行,PES质量分数为8%,剪切应变率逐渐增加,从0.01到100 s−1。这项工作介绍了对从废物中回收材料和能源的解决方案以及从质量和能量平衡中获得的解决方案进行比较检查的研究工作的环境结果。
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引用次数: 0
Microplastics in aquatic environments – a review of recent advances 水生环境中的微塑料——最新进展综述
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00018
K. Fish, Laura Clarizia, J. Meegoda
Global production and usage of plastics have skyrocket to 368 million tons in 2019, resulting in increasing amounts of plastic waste concentrating in our natural and urban ecosystems (especially rivers and oceans), via landfill, incineration, or illegal disposal. As highlighted herein, due to the production and degradation of larger plastics, micro and nano plastics are introduced to these ecosystems, causing detrimental impact to plants and animals, including humans, through accumulation in living systems. Though toxicity or health impact are not clearly established, long term accumulation of microplastics in living systems can lead to impact on health of such systems. Critically, this review explores state-of-the art physical, chemical, and biological methods to remove and destroy new and legacy microplastics in aquatic ecosystems (natural and urban). Currently, there are no standardised, accepted, and cost-effective methods for complete removal of microplastics from these aquatic ecosystems. Gaps in knowledge and recommendations for future research to help inform practice and legislation are highlighted. A key consideration highlighted through the review is that microplastics cycle through ecosystems – natural and engineered, these do not operate in siloes and waste from treatment processes could be a conduit for (unintended) recontamination of microplastics. Hence there is a need to take a whole systems approach when developing innovative removal or destructive solutions and, ultimately, reducing plastic use remains the best option to best safeguard future environmental and public health.
2019年,全球塑料的生产和使用量飙升至3.68亿吨,导致越来越多的塑料废物通过填埋、焚烧或非法处置集中在我们的自然和城市生态系统(特别是河流和海洋)中。正如本文所强调的,由于大型塑料的生产和降解,微纳米塑料被引入这些生态系统,通过在生命系统中的积累,对植物和动物(包括人类)造成有害影响。虽然毒性或健康影响尚未明确确定,但微塑料在生物系统中的长期积累可导致对这些系统健康的影响。重要的是,本文探讨了最先进的物理、化学和生物方法,以去除和破坏水生生态系统(自然和城市)中新的和遗留的微塑料。目前,还没有标准的、公认的和具有成本效益的方法来完全清除这些水生生态系统中的微塑料。报告强调了知识方面的差距和对未来研究的建议,以帮助为实践和立法提供信息。审查中强调的一个关键考虑因素是,微塑料通过生态系统循环——自然的和工程的,这些生态系统不会在筒仓中运行,处理过程产生的废物可能成为微塑料(意外)再污染的渠道。因此,在开发创新的清除或破坏性解决方案时,需要采取整体系统的方法,最终,减少塑料的使用仍然是最好的选择,以最好地保护未来的环境和公众健康。
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引用次数: 1
Titanium dioxide based nanoparticles and their applications in water remediation 二氧化钛基纳米颗粒及其在水修复中的应用
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-11 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.22.00095
P. Tiwari, Maya Verma, Ambika, H. Chutani, Pradeep Pratap Singh, Saraswati Kanodia, Tanushree Verma
Water is an essential component of life. Only 2.5% of the total percentage of water available on Earth is fresh. As the World’s population is increasing, water pollution is becoming more complex and difficult to remove. Due to change in climatic conditions globally, many regions of the World is facing multiple challenges in sustainable supply of water and its magnitude is rapidly increasing. Therefore, reuse of waste water is becoming a common necessity. However, due to the presence of water contaminants, such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, and many other complex compounds, treatment of contaminated waste water is essential for a healthy life. Nanotechnology offers opportunities to provide efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable solutions for supplying potable water for human use and clean water for agricultural and industrial uses. Photocatalytic processes have shown a great potential as a low-cost, environmentally friendly and sustainable treatment technology for water purification. Photocatalytic degradation has been used efficiently for the degradation and removal of toxic and harmful chemicals to improve water quality. Titanium based semiconductor have been employed as photocatalysts in degradation of organic molecules. In the present review, titanium dioxide based nanoparticles and their applications in water remediation.
水是生命的重要组成部分。地球上只有2.5%的可用水是淡水。随着世界人口的增加,水污染变得越来越复杂,难以消除。由于全球气候条件的变化,世界许多地区在可持续供水方面面临着多重挑战,其规模正在迅速增加。因此,废水的再利用成为一种普遍的必要性。然而,由于存在水污染物,如重金属、有机污染物和许多其他复杂化合物,处理受污染的废水对健康生活至关重要。纳米技术为提供高效、经济高效和环境可持续的解决方案提供了机会,为人类饮用水和农业和工业用水提供了清洁的水。光催化工艺作为一种低成本、环保和可持续的水净化处理技术,显示出巨大的潜力。光催化降解已被有效地用于降解和去除有毒有害化学物质,以改善水质。钛基半导体已被用作降解有机分子的光催化剂。本文综述了二氧化钛纳米颗粒及其在水修复中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of COVID-19 on air quality in Bucharest COVID-19对布加勒斯特空气质量的影响
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.22.00086
G. Cican, R. Mirea
Within this paper the authors are aiming to assess the air quality within Bucharest city, Romania’s capital, during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is well established that, for a quite long period Bucharest was amongst the worst Romanian cities in terms of air quality. Thus, within this paper the investigation of the effects of imposed quarantine and lockdown in terms air pollution is carried out. The levels of the main air pollutants as: particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and Benzene (C6H6) were recorded within the period: Jan. 2020 – Apr. 2022 by using 6 stationary monitoring stations (B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5 and B-6) belonging to Romanian National Network for Monitoring Air Quality (RNMCA). During the lockdown period (16. Mar. – 14. May. 2020), the measurements indicate significant reductions only for PM2.5, NO2 and C6H6, while for PM10 due to the fact that a sandstorm appeared, the results are unreliable. The results focus on the B-3 and B-6 traffic monitoring stations because road traffic is one of the main sources of pollution in cities. Compared with 2018-2019 period, during the lockdown all the air pollutants from all the measuring stations dramatically dropped highlighting thus the important role of the traffic and its significant contribution to air quality depreciation in Bucharest, especially in terms of NO2 pollution. Therefore the urgent need for decisions to be made in terms of improving the air quality of the city in especially from road traffic perspective arose.
在这篇论文中,作者的目标是评估罗马尼亚首都布加勒斯特市在COVID-19大流行期间的空气质量。众所周知,在相当长的一段时间里,布加勒斯特是罗马尼亚空气质量最差的城市之一。因此,本文对实施隔离和封锁对空气污染的影响进行了调查。在2020年1月至2022年4月期间,通过属于罗马尼亚国家空气质量监测网络(rmmca)的6个固定监测站(B-1、B-2、B-3、B-4、B-5和B-6)记录了主要空气污染物的水平:颗粒物(PM2.5和PM10)、二氧化氮(NO2)和苯(C6H6)。在封锁期间(16)。3月14日。2020年5月),测量结果显示只有PM2.5、NO2和C6H6显著减少,而PM10由于出现沙尘暴的事实,结果不可靠。由于道路交通是城市污染的主要来源之一,研究结果主要集中在B-3和B-6交通监测站。与2018-2019年期间相比,在封锁期间,所有监测站的所有空气污染物都大幅下降,从而突出了交通的重要作用及其对布加勒斯特空气质量下降的重大贡献,特别是在二氧化氮污染方面。因此,迫切需要在改善城市空气质量方面做出决策,特别是从道路交通的角度出发。
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引用次数: 0
Advanced drinking water treatment: Current status and future prospects of nano-techniques for disinfectant by-product prevention 饮用水深度处理:纳米技术预防消毒副产物的现状与前景
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00043
Jayanthi V, S. Subramanian
Water, a vital component required for all living things, becomes more and more polluted as a result of globalization and industrialization. Currently, pathogenic microbes, emerging pollutants, industrial chemicals, and waste are polluting all-natural water resources, and transportation systems. Therefore, before usage, drinking water has to be treated. When water disinfectants react with the organic natural components found in source waters, they may unintentionally produce disinfection by-products (DBPs), which have a negative impact on the biological system. There is a need for the development of innovative water treatment solutions since traditional drinking water treatment (DWT) doesn’t reduce emerging contaminants. This study’s main objective is to give an overview of disinfection techniques, DBP generation, health consequences, and environmental repercussions. Additionally, there are advancements in nanotechnology that have been made in drinking water system treatment for the prevention of DBP and contaminant removal. Further review describes the analysis of advanced DWT processes that could be employed for the removal and control of precursors and DBPs.
水是所有生物所需的重要组成部分,由于全球化和工业化,水受到越来越多的污染。目前,病原微生物、新出现的污染物、工业化学品和废物正在污染所有的自然水资源和交通系统。因此,饮用水在使用前必须经过处理。当水消毒剂与水源水中发现的有机天然成分发生反应时,它们可能会无意中产生消毒副产物(DBPs),对生物系统产生负面影响。由于传统的饮用水处理(DWT)无法减少新出现的污染物,因此需要开发创新的水处理解决方案。本研究的主要目的是概述消毒技术、DBP的产生、健康后果和环境影响。此外,在饮用水系统处理方面也取得了纳米技术的进步,以防止DBP和污染物去除。进一步的综述描述了可用于前体和DBP去除和控制的先进DWT工艺的分析。
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引用次数: 0
Enviroeconomic analysis of hybrid active solar desalination system using nanoparticles 纳米颗粒混合型活性太阳能海水淡化系统的环境经济分析
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00045
Dharamveer Si̇ngh, Satyaveer Singh, Aakersh Chauhan, Ajay Kumar
Water crisis is priority of this work and dire need to develop eco-friendly and self-sustainable unit. The current study analyses the economic and enviroeconomic of an N-identical (N-PVTCPC) collectors double slope solar desalination units (DS-DU) with a heat exchanger (HE) using water based Al2O3 nanoparticles. An analytical study in which a program was fed into MATLAB, and the analysis was monitored on an annual basis New Delhi India. The Indian Metrological Department in Pune, India provided the input data necessary for the mathematical procedure. From the solar energy for the year-round, yield and energy production will be calculated. The system’s economic, environmental, and energy-related performance has been assessed, and it will be compared to previous systems. Additionally, based on annual and life span for 15, 20, and 30 years, it is discovered that there is an 8.5% greater yield, 7.31% greater annual energy, 3.9% and 2.85% less CO2 mitigation/ton energy, and 5.17 % greater annual productivity, carbon credit respectively. Based on energy, environmental, and economic factors, it will be determined that the suggested system is superior to alternative systems.
水危机是这项工作的重点和迫切需要开发生态友好和自我可持续的单位。目前的研究分析了采用水基Al2O3纳米颗粒的n -相同(N-PVTCPC)集热器双斜面太阳能脱盐装置(DS-DU)的经济性和环境经济性。一项分析研究,其中一个程序被输入MATLAB,分析是在印度新德里每年的基础上进行监测。位于印度浦那的印度计量部门为数学程序提供了必要的输入数据。从太阳能为全年,产量和能源生产将计算。该系统的经济、环境和能源相关性能已经过评估,并将与以前的系统进行比较。此外,基于15年、20年和30年的年度和寿命,发现产量增加8.5%,年能源增加7.31%,二氧化碳减排减少3.9%和2.85% /吨能源,年生产力碳信用增加5.17%。基于能源、环境和经济因素,将确定建议的系统优于替代系统。
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引用次数: 0
Amine functionalized poly (glycidyl methacrylate) hydrogels for Congo red adsorption 胺官能化聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯水凝胶吸附刚果红
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00025
Kutalmis Gokkus, S. B. Sengel, Y. Yıldırım, Soner Hasanbeyoglu, Vural Butun
Dyes are one of the most common pollutants in wastewater due to their widespread use. Therefore, in order to protect aquatic ecosystems, dyes must be treated in situ and/or in vivo. In this study, we synthesized poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) gels and then modified with diethylenetriamine (DETA) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) containing different numbers and lengths amino groups to obtain PGMA-NH2 hydrogels and used in CR adsorption. The adsorption studies were carried out according to batch adsorption procedure. As a result of the study, the contact time was found 40 minutes and the highest adsorption capacity of 196 and 147 mg/g for PGMA-DETA and PGMA-TEPA was reached, respectively. Isotherm and kinetic experiments showed that adsorption obeys the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second-order equation. CR dye is an anionic indicator dye. These results showed that PGMA-NH2 hydrogels have significant potential for efficient adsorption of anionic dyes.
染料由于用途广泛,是废水中最常见的污染物之一。因此,为了保护水生生态系统,必须对染料进行原位和/或体内处理。在本研究中,我们合成了聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PGMA)凝胶,然后用含有不同数量和长度氨基的二亚乙基三胺(DETA)和四亚乙基五胺(TEPA)进行改性,得到PGMA-NH2水凝胶,并用于CR吸附。吸附研究采用间歇吸附法进行。研究结果表明,接触时间为40分钟,最高吸附容量为196和147 PGMA-DETA和PGMA-TEPA分别达到mg/g。等温和动力学实验表明,吸附符合Freundlich等温线和拟二阶方程。CR染料是一种阴离子指示剂染料。这些结果表明,PGMA-NH2水凝胶在有效吸附阴离子染料方面具有显著的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Selection of water quality evaluation method of mine water inflow based on multiple methods 基于多种方法的矿井涌水量水质评价方法的选择
IF 0.7 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1680/jenes.23.00036
Bo Zhang, Fang Li, Meng Zhang, Zhenzi Yu, Xinyi Wang
In order to reduce the negative impact of mine water gushing on the environment, it is necessary to evaluate the water quality. Taking the Pingdingshan coalfield as the research object, six components including chroma, turbidity, total dissolved solids, total hardness, Cl−, SO4 2− were selected as index factors. Composite weight is calculated by variable weight theory, and the water quality of mine gushing water is evaluated by matter element extension model, fuzzy variable set model, ayesian theory, nemerow index. The deviation of four evaluation methods is calculated based on the specially constructed mathematical model. The research results show that the order of the deviation of the evaluation method from small to large is: fuzzy variable set method (5.5) < matter-element extension method (8) < bayesian statistical method (10) < nemerow index method (17). Fuzzy variable set method is more suitable for Pingdingshan coalfield Mine gushing water quality assessment. We hope this research can provide a certain reference value for the evaluation of mine water quality in the future.
为了减少矿井突水对环境的负面影响,有必要对其水质进行评价。以平顶山煤田为研究对象,选取色度、浊度、总溶解固体、总硬度、Cl−、SO4 2−6个组分作为指标因子。采用变权理论计算综合权重,采用物元可拓模型、模糊变量集模型、ayesian理论、nemerow指数等方法对矿井涌水水质进行评价。基于专门构建的数学模型计算了四种评价方法的偏差。研究结果表明,该评价方法的偏差由小到大的顺序为:模糊变量集法(5.5)<物元扩展法(8)<贝叶斯统计法(10)<奈梅罗指数法(17)。模糊变量集方法更适用于平顶山煤田矿井突水水质评价。希望本研究能为今后矿山水质评价提供一定的参考价值。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science
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